English Vocabulary Test Center Handbook for Senior High School Entrance Examination

Chapter 15

in Russianin Russian

keep． ． ． safe makes...safe/be safe from no danger of.../safe and sound safe and sound/It is safe to do sth.It is safe to do ... / safe against from ...; prevent / safe load safe load
Safely safely / unsafe unsafe / safeguard guards, protects

all the same still / at the same time at the same time / the same. ． ． as is the same as.../look the same looks alike

Regarding the same as and the same that, the principle difference is: use as to express the same kind of thing, and use that to express the same thing, but sometimes this principle is not completely followed in modern English.But it is worth noting that only as is usually used in the following situations: one is when the clause has no verb (that is, the clause is an omitted sentence), and the other is when the same does not modify the noun elbow (including pronouns such as one that does not modify the omission).Example: You have made the same mistake as last time.You have made the same mistake as last time.

save one's life save someone's life / save from rescued from ...; make from / save (one's) face to save face / save sb. from drowning rescue someone from being drowned / save one's bacon to avoid damage, avoid loss; save yourself / save one's pains without wasting effort / save one's neck (skin) save someone's life; help a lot / save. ． ． for stay...for...use/save on to save, save/save(up)for saving money to do.../save sb. Trouble Avoid causing someone trouble / save the day to turn danger into safety; turn defeat into victory / save up savings; storage; accumulation / save one's strength to nourish energy and store up energy
The doctor did what he could__
A． save B． to save
C． saved
D． saving
(Anhui Province in 2001)
Sentence meaning: The doctor tried his best to save the child.The answer is B.

save means to omit not to do something, followed by a gerund (sometimes with a logical subject) instead of an infinitive, such as: soap saves rubbing.Use soap to reduce friction.

It is said that. ． ．It is said/say hello (sorry, goodbye) to sb.Say hello to someone (say sorry, see you off) / have sth. to say has something to say / say to oneself thought, self-talk / It goes without saying no doubt, needless to say / (1et's) say suppose to say / needless to say needless to say / strange to say say strange / that is to say that is to say / there is no saying. ． ．Can't say/say nothing of let alone/say the least; at least

address speech/speak/tell/talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/whisper
Do you still remember___
A． that he said
C． did he say that
B． what he said
D． what did he say
(Liaoning Province in 2001)
Sentence meaning: Do you remember what he said?The answer is B.Examine the word order of object clauses.

When the special interrogative sentence is used as the object, the structure is: interrogative word + subject + predicate, and the object clause uses the declarative word order.

Studying at school; reading/go to school/after school/finish school; graduating/leave school; leaving school/begin school/go to the school/school year/start a school start a school

sci (knowledge, knowledge) + ence (abstract noun suffix) science
by sea by sea; by boat (same as air, such as by air) / at sea at sea / go to sea as a seafarer / go to the sea to the seashore

sea ​​means "sea", which is a unique thing in the world, so the definite article the is usually added in front of it.Such as: Ships sail on the sea.Ships sail on the sea.

Season (season) is the son (son) of the sea (sea), but pay attention to the pronunciation.

a hot season / a nice season / the busy season / the dry (rainy) season / season ticket / in season

The names of the four seasons in British and American English are only different in autumn. English uses autumn, and American English uses keep one's seat to guard the seat; sit / take (have) a seat sit down / take one's seat sit; sit on your own seat / be seated Sit down／seat oneself sit down／book seatbooking
every second every second / in a second for a while / second best ranks second / second hand indirectly, second-hand (old goods), middleman
Where is Mr Green now? I haven't seen him for a few days.
He——to Hong Kong.
A． goes B． will go
C． is going
D． has gone
(2003 Xicheng District, Beijing)
Analysis sentence meaning:——Where is Mr. Green now, I haven't seen him for several days. ——He went to Hong Kong.The answer is D.The tense of this question can be judged from the previous sentence "I haven't seen him for a few days". Using the present perfect tense, "has gone" has gone to a certain place (has not come back yet).

let me see let me think about / see a doctor see a doctor; see a doctor / see a film watch a movie / see sb. d0 sth.See someone doing something/see sb. doing sth．see someone is doing something / see through see through; see through / see about responsible for processing (arrangement) / see off to ... see off / see out to the door / see you later (again, ect.) goodbye
I don't think I——you in that dress before.
A． have seen B． was seeing C． saw
D． see
(2003, Haidian District, Beijing)
Parsing sentence meaning: I don't think I've seen you in that top before.The answer is A.This question examines the tense of verbs, which can be judged by the meaning of the question. This question uses the present perfect tense, and B, C, and D do not conform to the meaning of the question.

One day his mother saw him——on some eggs.

A． sit B． to sit C． sitting D． sit down
(Hebei Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: One day, his mother saw him sitting on some eggs.The answer is C. When see means "to see, to see", it is followed by an infinitive as an object complement. If it is used in the passive voice, the infinitive must be accompanied by to.

see sb. doing means "to see someone doing something", see sb. do means "to see someone do something".In addition, "watch a movie" is see the film, and "watch TV" is watch TV.

①see sb. do/doing means "to see someone do...", the object is followed by the original form of the verb or the present participle.When the object is followed by the original form of the verb, it means that the action starts and ends; when the object is followed by the present participle, the focus is on the state of the action.Example: I saw him cross/crossing the street.I saw him (was) crossing the road. ②see is a verb expressing state, emphasizing the result of "seeing" after completing this action. In this sense, the progressive tense is generally not used.And look at expresses the action of "seeing", which can be used in progressive tense.Example: (X) He has been seeing me for about five minutes as if he didn't know me. (√)He has been looking at me for about five minutes as if he didn't know me.He looked at me for about 5 minutes as if he didn't recognize me.

it seems(that) looks like, seems/seem+to be looks/seem+prepositional phrase (adjective, etc.) seems, seems

①seem (like, seems) can be followed by the preposition like, but not the preposition as.

Note: Although it is not followed by as, it can be followed by clauses guided by as if.Such as: It seems as if it is a good idea.That seemed like a good idea. ② When expressing an action that has already taken place, the infinitive form followed by seem uses the perfect form.Example: He seeills to have caught a bad cold.He seems to have a bad cold. ③seem is an intransitive verb, except that when it is used together with the introductory pronoun it, it can be connected with that clause, and it cannot be connected with an object clause, but can be connected with an infinitive verb.Example: It seemed that he was over eighty years old.He's probably in his 80s.

sell sb. sth． (sell sth. to sb.) Sell something to someone/sell out; sell out/sell well sell well/sell at (a certain price)/sell for (how much)/sell off cheap ／sell out of／sell up／sell up, auction

seller seller／buy buy／buyer buyer
send away to drive away; expulsion / send for to send someone to please / send sb. sth． (=send sth. to sb.) send someone something/send messages to send information to.../send after send someone to chase (the person who just left)/send away for mail order/send back return, return/send In to hand in; send to / send off to send out; to send off / send out to send out (light etc.); grow out / send out for to send someone out to buy / send to sleep to make sleep / send up to send out; launch / send word notice, convey

Your daughter is very ill. Have you___a doctor?

A． sent for B． heard from C． paid for D． looked after
(2001 in Nanchang, Jiangxi)
Analysis sentence meaning: Your daughter is very ill, have you sent her to see a doctor?The answer is A. send for means "send someone to invite"; hear from means "receive a letter from..."; pay for means "pay"; look after means "care, look after".

The use of send to mean "send" generally refers to "send" through others or through some indirect means, rather than sending it in person.Example: I'1I bring the book to your house myself this evening.I will deliver the book to your house myself tonight.

make a sentence withUse... in a sentence / sentence sb. to death sentence someone to death / serve a sentence to serve a sentence / rewrite a sentence to rewrite the sentence
a set of a set/set out departure/set up establishment; establishment/set about proceed to do something/set an example set an example/set aside aside/set down put down/set fire to make fire/set free release/set to work starts to dry/set sail set sail
There are——days in a week．

A． the sevenB． seventh C． the seventh D． seven
(2002, Haidian District, Beijing)
Interpretation: There are seven days in a week.The answer is D. seven represents the quantity.

① To express what must happen in the future, use shall and will instead of be going to.Example: (x) I'm going to be twenty years old next year. (√)I shall be twenty years old next year.I will be 20 next year. ②shall is used for treaties, regulations, decrees, etc.
Documents express obligations or regulations, and are generally used for the third person. In such a sentence pattern, will cannot be used instead of shall.Example: The new regulation shall take effect on October the first.The new regulations will come into effect on October 10.

Note that she is the nominative case of a personal pronoun, and acts as the subject in the sentence; its accusative form is her, the noun possessive pronoun is hers, and the adjective possessive pronoun is her. She is often used to refer to country (country), earth (earth), ship (ship), river (river) and so on.

Excuse me． Can you tell me when——?
A． does the ship leaveB． the ship leaves
C． the ship had left D． did the ship leave
(2001, Haidian District, Beijing)
Analysis sentence meaning: Excuse me, can you tell me when the boat leaves?The answer is B.This question examines the word order of the object clause, and the related word is the interrogative adverb when. Declarative word order should be used after when.Such as: Please answer me when Einstein won the Nobel Prize for physics.Please tell me when Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Ship is a feminine noun, often referred to by pronouns such as she and her.

Pay attention to use pair when expressing the number of shoes. When a pair of shoes is used as the subject in a sentence, the predicate should use a singular number. When pair is not used, the predicate verb and shoe are unified.Example: This pair of shoes is new.These shoes are new. The shoes are new.These shoes are new.

Clothes shop clothing store / shop assistant salesperson / set up shop opening shop opening / shut up shop closure
should (would) like to do sth.want to do something
"should+verb original form" means "should (go) do something";Comparison: We should ask him.We should ask him. /We should have asked him.We should have asked him.Note: "should+verb perfect form" can also express conjecture besides the above meanings, that is to say.Should have done something, probably had done something.Example: He should have arrived there by now.He should have gotten there.

shout at． ． ．Shout loudly toward.../shout for help/shout for joy/shout to sb.Shout at someone／shout with laughter~／shout out loudly／shout one's name shout someone's name／shout with joy
Shout is mostly used for joy, anger, and shouting for help; cry is mostly used as a common word for "call, shout", and can also refer to unconscious shouting or crying. shout at sb．and shout to sb.It's all "yelling at...". shout at sb．Refers to yelling at someone, which is not a gift: shout to sb.To call out loudly for someone to hear.

be on show During the performance (exhibition, screening) / show sb. around leading someone to visit / show sb. in (out) to bring someone in (out) / show sb. sth． (=show sth. to sb.) Show... to someone/show+how(what, ect.)+to do sth.Explain how to do (what to do, etc.) / show one's face / show sb. the door drives someone away / show sb. to the door send someone to the door / show up appears; attend / show + clause indicates / show off show off, show off / show one's colors show the true colors; tell the true thoughts / show oneself appears; show up / show. ． ． on TV / variety show variety show / chat show talk show
Show the way has the meaning of "telling the way with words" and "leading people to their destination", so it is better to use tell than show when asking people for directions.

be sick of disgust.../be sick for desire/be sick at sth.Not happy about something / make sb. sick makes someone sad / the sick patient
by the side of on the side of... / on the other side of on the other side; on the other side of ... / side by side side by side; side by side / at(by) one's side at someone's side / move from side to side shake from side to side / on the left side on the left / take the side of standing on the side of ... / be on sb's side to support someone / take sides in on the side of ...

There are many trees—of the road! And——of the trees is growing larger and larger.

A． on both sides; a number
C． on both sides; the number
B． on each side; a number
D． on every side; the number
(Liaoning Province in 2000)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence: There are many trees on both sides of the road, and the number of trees is increasing.The answer is C. When both modifies side to indicate both sides, the noun side should use the plural form sides, so A is excluded. Item B each can modify nouns to indicate "each, each", but the modified side should be singular, so item B should also be negated.

Although item D every also means "every, each", it means each of the three rather than the two, and the concept of the road is two sides. A number of means "many" is equal to many, a lot of, and the number of means "the quantity and number of...", so the number of should be selected in the last space, which means that the number of roadside trees is increasing.

ever since

We have lived here——five years ago.

A． when B． since C． before D． after
(Henan Province in 2001)
Parsing the meaning of the sentence: We have lived here since five years ago.The answer is B.Here since leads the adverbial clause of time, which means "since".Sentence verbs use the present perfect tense, and since must be followed by words or sentences expressing past time.

①It is some time+since clause "It has been a while since..." This sentence pattern pays attention to two points:

1) It is customary not to use negation in the since clause;

2) The predicate of the since clause is a continuous verb or a verb of state (whether it is the simple past tense or the present perfect tense), which all express the result of an action or state.Example: It's a long time since I (have) studied English.I haven't learned English for a long time.

since as "from... Since".When speaking, the predicate verb of the sentence uses the present perfect tense, and since must be followed by the past tense.But "It is...since" is an exception, such as: It is ten years since we left school.

It's been 10 years since we graduated.

sing up sing up
sing sb. a song sing to someone / sing the praises of sb.praise someone

I heard her—in her room a few minutes ago.
A． to sing B． sings C． sang D． sing
(Shandong Province in 2000)
Analysis sentence meaning: I heard her singing in the room a few minutes ago.

The answer is D.

The use of infinitives as object complements.Familiarity with the collocation and use of sensory verbs, causative verbs and infinitives is the key to doing this question correctly.After sensory verbs (see, watch, hear, feel, etc.) and causative verbs (make, have, get, etc.), the infinitive is used as the object complement to omit to.Such as: see sb. do sth. , hear sb. do sth. , make sb. do sth. , have sb. do sth.wait.Obviously, the correct answer is D.

ble sits at the table
sit down sit down／sit at table table meal／sit up stay up late／sitting room living room

Sitting on a chair (stool, bench, sofa) requires the preposition on, while sitting on an armchair or a swivel chair uses the preposition in.Example: He was sitting oil the chair.He is sitting on a chair.

shoes in that size shoes in that size／two sizes big are two sizes bigger
size means "size" and is mostly used for shoes. When asking about its size, what is often used.Such as: What size shoes do you want?What size shoes do you want?

go skating go skating

Mr Wang was good at——when he was young.
A． skating B． skate C． the skates
(Sichuan Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: Mr. Wang was good at skating when he was young.The answer is A.Means "good at something".Such as: He is good at serval languages.He speaks several languages. Be good at is equivalent to do well in.

wear a skirt
The singular form of sky refers to the sky and must be used with the article.Example: There are millions of stars in the sky.There are countless stars in the sky. The plural form of sky refers to weather.

The papers broadcast clear skies tomorrow.According to the weather forecast in the newspaper, the weather will be fine tomorrow.

fall into a deep sleep / get to sleep (try to) fall asleep / have a good sleep / in a sound sleep / put sb. to sleep put someone to sleep

be slow in doing things slowly / slow down slow down, slow down / be slow at sth.not good at doing something

Would you please say it——? I still can't follow you.

A． more slow B． much slow
C． more slowly D． much slowly
(Hebei Province in 2000)
Interpretation: Can you speak more slowly?For syllabic adjectives, add more to its comparative form.I still can't understand.The answer is C. The slow in A and B is an adjective and cannot be used as an adverbial.

The coat bought last week is too big for me, I'd like to change it for a——one.

A． small B． 1arge C． nicer
D． smaller
(2001, Haidian District, Beijing)
Analysis sentence meaning: The coat I bought last week was too big, and I want to change it to a smaller one.The answer is D.When comparing two coats, use a comparative. Smaller is a comparative form of a regular adjective, and its superlative is smallest.

have (take) a smell at sth.Smell something/smell out has the taste of.../smell up makes the stink to the sky/smell of has the taste of...
Coffee is ready. How nice it____! Would you like some?

A． looks B． smells C． sounds D． feel
(Shanghai in 2003)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence: The coffee is ready, it smells delicious!do you want someThe answer is B.According to the meaning of the question, the coffee is ready and has not been drunk. It can only smell good. This question examines the usage of the verbs. Look means "look", sound means "sound", and feel means "feel". The meaning of does not meet the meaning of the question, smell means "smell", which is reasonable.

①The noun smell (=the sense of smelling) is interpreted as "smell" without an article.Example: Taste and smell are closely connected.Taste and smell are closely linked. ②The linking verb smell (to smell) can be followed by an adjective as a predicative, but it is usually not followed by an adverb as a predicative.Class example: sound (sound), feel (touch), taste (taste), etc., they are used as linking verbs, followed by adjectives (rather than adverbs) as predicatives.Example: The dinner smells delicious.This meal smells so good.

③ When smell is used as a transitive verb, which means "to smell, to smell", its object can only be a certain smell; Prepositions connect with objects.Example: I am sure I smell gas.I must have smelled gas. The room smelt of stale beer.The room smelled of stale wine.

smile at(to, upon) smile towards...; sneer; sneer/with a smile smile
smile is a countable noun, which means "be all smiles" is be all smiles.Example: His face was wreathed in smiles.He was smiling.

a heavy snow a heavy snow／snow hard(heavily) a heavy snow

and so on etc./so. ． ． as to. ． ．As a result / so as to. ． ．So that... / so far so far; to this extent / so many (much) so much / so that in order / be so kind as to / even so / I think so / It so happened that just so
Beijing has——many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.

A． so B． very C． too D． much
(2002, Haidian District, Beijing)
Analysis of sentence meaning: There are so many buses in Beijing that they often get stuck in rush hour.The answer is A. so. ． ． that "so...so that" guides the adverbial clause of the result.

2. Thanks to the police, the traffic here heavy as before.

A． is so B． isn't likeC． isn't so D． so isn't
(Dalian City in 2000)
Analysis sentence meaning: Thanks to the policeman, the traffic here is not as blocked as before.The answer is C. so is an adverb placed in front of the adjective to strengthen the tone, A does not conform to the meaning of the sentence, and B should be followed by a noun.

①so replaces the nouns, adjectives or verbs in the above, and when it means "also", the word order must be reversed.Such as: The ears are sense organs and so are the eyes.The ear is a sensory organ, and so is the eye. She is healthy. so am I．She is fine, and so am I. ②When expressing agreement, there is no need to reverse the structure, but put so at the beginning of the sentence, forming the arrangement of "so+subject+verb and other verbs", expressing agreement with the other party's words.Example: It was cold yesterday. so it was. —It was very cold yesterday. —It is indeed cold. ③so is used at the beginning of a sentence to indicate "also", and it can only be used for affirmative answers, not negative sentences;

For negative sentences, use neither or nor.Example: Last Sunday he didn't go home and neither did I．He didn't come home last Sunday, and neither did I.

When some (some) is followed by a noun, there is no need to use the preposition of, unless the noun has determiners such as definite articles, possessive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, and noun possessives.Example: some of her friends some of her friends.

some (some) + body (body, person) someone
There is——knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.

A． nobody B． somebodyC． anybody D． everybody
(Dongcheng District, Beijing, 2001)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence: Someone is knocking on the door, let's see who he is.The answer is B. Somebody means that there is a certain person knocking on the door, A and D do not fit the meaning of the sentence, and anybody means any one person.

Somebody is generally regarded as singular, and the following predicates should be in the form of singular predicates.

However, in spoken language, regardless of gender, it is often used as a plural form.Example: somebody wants to see you.Someone wants to see you.

Someone is used in the affirmative sense, and someone cannot be used in the negative sense, but anyoneo is used. Example: I saw someone come out of the room.I saw someone come out of the room. He hadn't seen anyone for three days.He hasn't seen anyone for three days.

some (some) + thing (thing) something
have something to d0 with has something to do with... /something to drink
I'm hungry, Mum. 1 want—to eat.

A． everythingB． anything
C． something
D． nothing
(Beijing in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning: I am hungry, mother, I want something to eat.The answer is c.This question examines the use of indefinite pronouns. everything means "everyone (person)" and is used in affirmative sentences. anything means "some" and is used in interrogative sentences or negative sentences. something means "some people (things)". Meaning, used in affirmative sentences, nothing means "nothing, not one", used in negative sentences, this question can only use something.

some (some) + time (time)'s (adverb suffix) sometimes
sometimes adv．Sometimes, sometime adv.At a certain time, it means that the time is uncertain, and some time is a phrase that means a period of time.

soninlaw son-in-law
popular song popular song
soon after soon after / as soon as possible as soon as possible / as soon as one ... ... ... / how long long (later) / no sooner. ． ． than 一……/sooner or later sooner or later, the sooner the better the sooner the better
he was out of the room, he turned back and knocked at the teacher's door again.

A． Before B． Since C． As soon as
D． Until
(Hebei Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: As soon as he walked out of the room, he turned back and knocked on the teacher's door.The answer is c. as soon as means "one...just", the leading sentence is adverbial clause of time.This is the same as the usage of the moment.Example: The moment he came to the classroom, he began to read English.As soon as he entered the classroom, he began to read English.

be sorry+that clause is right... sorry/be sorry to do sth.Sorry for... / feel (be) sorry for (doing) sth.Be sorry for (doing) something / be sorry for sb.sympathize with someone
①When we apologize for what we are doing or will do, sorry is followed by an infinitive verb.When we apologize for doing something, we use the perfect infinitive, or for doing sth. , or use that clause.Example: I'm sorry that 1 woke you up yesterday.I'm sorry I woke you up yesterday. ②I'm sorry is only used when apologizing to others.Don't say I'm sorry, such as asking people for directions or passing by people, or changing the topic during the conversation.And say Excuse me.Example: Excuse me, is there a post office near here?Excuse me, is there a post office nearby? ③Many occasions, Chinese say "I'm sorry" and English say "Thank you", if we want to go to the front, others make way for us to pass, then we should say "Thank you" instead of "I'm sorry ".

(End of this chapter)