English Vocabulary Test Center Handbook for Senior High School Entrance Examination

Chapter 5

①When each of is followed by a noun, the noun is always specific, that is, it should be modified by specific qualifiers such as the and my these.Example: I gave a piece of cake to each of the children.I give each child a piece of cake. ②When two or more "each(every)+singular noun" structures are used as subjects side by side, the predicate should be singular, not plural.Example: Each boy and each girl likes the story.Every boy and girl loves this story. ③Each cannot be used in negative sentences. Negative sentences are usually expressed with none or neither plus an affirmative verb.Example: (×) Each of them did not know Mary's address. (√)Neither of them knew Mary's address．None of them knew Mary's address.

be all ears listen attentively, listen attentively / give ear to listen, pay attention / have an ear for have appreciation for ... / bend an ear toward listen / fall on one's ears listen to the sword / gain one's ear to attract someone's attention / have a fine(good)ear has good hearing/have a keen(sharp)ear has sharp hearing/have big ears; well-informed/an ear for is particularly sensitive to.../by ear by hearing/play it by ear to adapt to the situation/go in at one ear and out at the other left ear into the right ear out / be up to one's ears in buried in doing...; addicted to...

When ear is used as a "hearing" solution, the singular number is often used.Example: (×) He had ears for music. (√)He has an ear for music.He knows how to appreciate music.

keep early hours
① Some adverbs of time, such as often (often), always (always), seldom (rarely) expressing frequency, etc. are generally located before the modified substantive verbs in the sentence, while early and most of the time adverbs are in the sentence. after the verb it modifies. ②early refers to earlier than the usual or specified time; soon refers to now or shortly after the specified time. I arrived early and had to wait for the others, but soon after two 0'clock they appeared.I arrived early and had to wait for the others, but they all showed up shortly after two o'clock.

on earth to the end, to the end / on the earth to live on the earth / come back to earth... to reality, no longer fantasy

live in the east of.../on the east of east neighbor.../to the east of billion.../east by north east by north/from east to west from east to west
The order of east, west, north and south in English is: north, south, east and west.

"The sun rises from the east" means The sun rises in the east, and cannot be replaced by from or to.

take it easy

eas(e)(easy)+y(...of) easy, easy
Is the physics problem——?
Yes． I can work it out___．

A． easy, easily B． easy, easy C． easily，easy D． easily, easily
(Huanggang, Hubei in 2003)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence: Is this physics problem easy?Yes, I can easily solve it.

The answer is A.In the previous sentence, the verb "Is" should be followed by the adjective "easy" as a predicate, and the verb phrase in the next sentence can only be followed by the adverb "easy".

①The infinitive after the adjective easy must use the active voice.Example: The dormant volcano is easy to reach.The dormant volcano is easily accessible. ②easy is used to state whether something is "easy" or not. Its subject is a thing, not a person, so it needs to be used instead of an infinitive, and it is used as a formal subject.Example: It's easy for her to answer the question.It was easy for her to answer that question.

eat up eat up / eat one's words broken promise, take back what you said

1. look! The monkey—a banana in the tree.

A． eat B． eats
C． is eating D． are
(Chongwen District, Beijing, 2001)
Sentence meaning: Look, a monkey is eating bananas under a tree.The answer is C.Look at the beginning of the sentence!Indicates to remind others to pay attention, there is Look at the beginning of the sentence! Listen!When such words are used, the following sentences are often in continuous tense.For example: Listen! He's singing in the next room.listen!He is singing in the next room.

2. "Mr Zhu, you'd better—too much meat. You are already over weight." said the doctor.

A． not to eat B． to eat C． not eat D． eat
(Shanghai in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning: "Mr. Zhu, you'd better not eat too much meat, you are already overweight." The doctor said.

From the meaning of the sentence "you are already overweight", it can be inferred that you should not eat too much meat. Use the negative expression after "had better" to exclude B and D, and omit to after "had better".exclude a.The answer is C.

① "diet" in English and "eat and drink" in Chinese should be eat and drink.

Example: She is always careful when she eats and drinks.She is always careful about what she eats and eats. ②eat is used as a linking verb when it is interpreted as "it has a certain taste to eat", and it can be followed by an adjective, but the adjective delicious and eat cannot be used together, because delicious itself means "delicious to eat".Example: (X) These cracknels are crisp when eaten. (√)These cracknels eat crisp.These hard biscuits are crispy to eat. When eat is used as a transitive verb, its object can be breakfast (breakfast), lunch (lunch), supper (dinner), but in spoken language people usually say have one's breakfast (1unch, supper) to eat breakfast (lunch, dinner).In English, "eating milk" and "taking medicine" do not use eat.suck the breast(the mother, the milk); take medicine.

boil egg／fry egg／omelette／hatch an egg／lay an egg／whisk eggs／raw egg／soft—boiled egg／put all one's eggs in one basket Desperate / in the egg is still in the early stages (of)
either． ． ． or. ． ．or ... or ...; whether ... or ...

Lucy doesn't like cotton blouses, Lily doesn't____．

A． either B． too C． neither D． also
Analysis sentence meaning: Lucy doesn't like cotton coats, and neither does Lily.The answer is A. either is used in negative sentences, expressing "also"; B and D are used in affirmative sentences; C is often used at the beginning of a sentence to express negation.

①Either and both both mean "both", but it should be noted that either is followed by a singular noun, and both is followed by a plural noun. ②When either is used as an attributive to modify a noun, the subsequent noun must use a singular number, and when either is used as a pronoun, it can be used together with of, followed by a plural noun. When either is used as a subject, the verb generally uses a singular number.

① Note that else is often used after interrogative pronouns, indefinite pronouns and interrogative adverbs.

The possessive forms of somebody else and anybody else are somebody else's and anybody else's respectively.Such as: It's somebody else's money.This is someone else's money. ②else can be placed in
After the interrogative sentence, but usually cannot be placed after which; in addition, else generally does not need to be after whose, and who else' is usually used in this case.Such as: Who else's fault could it be?Could this be someone else's fault?But if who else's is not followed by a noun, sometimes it can be changed to whose else, such as: Who else could it be?Who else could this be?

empty into flow people, injection / empty. ． ． of to empty out
at the end of at the end (the end)/in the end at the end; finally/at an end end, exhaustion/by the end of to...under/from end to end from beginning to end/make an end of sth.End/without end endlessly/come to an end end, end/draw to an end near the end/to the end to the end/bring sth. to end makes something end / end up ends;

End / make (both) ends meet to make ends meet / put an end to make ... end / end in to ... ... as the end (end)
In general, end cannot be used in the passive voice, and certainly not as an adjective or adverb.Example: (×) The school is end. (√) The school is over.After school.

in English in English／the English (all) British／English disease hypochondriac／American English／current English／spoken English／written English
English-speaking country English-speaking country/Englishman British/Englishwoman British woman/England England

①The English means "British people", which has a plural meaning and is used as the subject, and the predicate should use the plural form.Example: (×) The English is famous for liking tea. (√) The English are famous for liking tea.The British are famous for their tea. ②English as a language or subject of English, cannot be preceded by a definite article.But sometimes when it means "the equivalent word in English", the definite article is usually used. ⑧The definite article The cannot be added before the language of each country, such as Chinese, Japanese, RUSSian, Spanish, etc.; but if there is a language behind it, the must be added, such as the German language. the French language and so on.

en (make...)+joy (happy) enjoy, enjoy

enjoy doing sth．Like to do something / enjoy oneself to play (have) very happily
The whites enjoy——in China.

A． to lie B． 1ire C． 1ived
D． 1iving
(Sichuan Province in 2000)
Analysis of sentence meaning: The White family likes living in China.The answer is D. enjoy as a predicate verb, and the following verb should be a gerund.There are also similar: finish, like, what about, how about, mind, hate, etc.In addition, prepositions should also be followed by gerunds.Such as: be good at, be used for, be interested in, do well in, prefer doing to doing.

①enjoy is followed by a noun or a gerund, and sometimes the gerund can be omitted and followed directly by a noun.Such as: We enjoy our dinner.We ate with gusto.Needless to say: We enjoy eating our dinner.But sometimes it is customary to use gerunds, such as: enjoy listening to music like listening to music, enjoy swimming (fishing) like swimming (fishing), enjoy talking like chatting, enjoy reading novels like reading novels. ② When the verb enjoy (=get happiness from) "likes" or "enjoys", it is followed by a noun or a gerund, not an infinitive object.Example: (x) During his spare time. he enjoyed to fish． (√)During his spare time, he enjoyed fishing.In his spare time he enjoys fishing.

can't (never). ． ． enough no matter what... not too much / enough and to spare more than enough / have enough to do with great difficulty / sure enough sure enough, indeed, no doubt
some young people are now___to buy private cars
A． rather rich
B． very rich
C． rich enough
D． enough rich
(Shanghai in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: Some young people are rich enough to buy a car.The answer is C. When enough modifies an adjective or adverb, it is often placed behind the adjective or adverb, such as little enough, fast enough, etc.When modifying a noun, put it before the noun, such as enough food, etc.; it can also be placed after it, especially when the noun has a long post-attributive modification, such as: There is food enough to last for six months.

①enough can be used directly before a noun as an attributive and then without of.If you use of, the noun after it must have a determiner (such as an article, possessive pronoun, demonstrative pronoun, etc.).Example: Have you got enough of the moneyg.do you have enough money ②enough is usually not used as a predicative, except in sentences guided by this, there, it, or when specific numbers are involved.Example: (×) The time isn't enough for us to catch the next train. (√) There isn't enough time for us to catch the next train.There is not enough time for us to catch the next train.

enter into, to participate in / enter on (upon) to start, to start

Even as just as, rightly / even if (though) even though / even now (then) even now (at that time) / even so despite this / get even with revenge
① even (even) is an adverb, not a conjunction, do not use it instead of even if or even though (even if), even if or even though leads the adverbial clause of concession.Example: (×) He won't tell you about it even you ask him again. (√)He won't tell you about it even if you ask him again.Even if you ask him again, he won't tell you. ②even is an adverb and cannot be followed by a sentence. Even if=even though is a subordinating conjunction followed by a sentence, which means "although, even though".Example: (x) Even it rains, I shall go on a trip. (√) Even if it rains, I shall go on a trip.Even if it rains, I will go on a trip.

evening dress / evening paper / in the evening / on a cold evening / on Sunday evening / on the evening of May 4 / this (yesterday, tomorrow )evening
ever since...(just always)/for ever forever/than ever(before) than before/ever after always/ever so very
① ever means "once, at any time", and is generally used in negative sentences, interrogative sentences and conditional sentences. ②When ever is used in affirmative sentences, it is often used in sentences expressing comparison.Example: This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.This is one of the funniest movies I've ever seen.

Every day/every other day/every time/every now and then, be careful/every other/in every way/every one of them(US, you) All / in every way in all parties

You will be able to get good marks——.
A． while you are doing your homework by yourself
B． if you do some revision every day
C． before you begin to study hard
D． until you follow your teacher's advice
(Before Shanghai in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning: If you study hard, you can get a good grade.The answer is B. Item A means "when you are doing your homework independently"; item B means "if you do something complicated every day"; item C means "before you start studying hard"; item D is The meaning of "until you follow the teacher's advice", after figuring out the meaning of each sentence, the answer will be easily solved.

Although every emphasizes "all", it must be followed by singular nouns, singular verbs, and singular possessive pronouns.Example: (×) I broke every eggs in the basket. (√)I broke every egg in the basket.I cracked all the eggs in the basket.

every (every, every) + body (body) every person, everyone

①When everyone is the subject, the predicate uses the singular number. ②everyone and everybody both mean "everyone", but the former refers to people the speaker is familiar with, while the latter generally refers to all people.

every (every) + thing (things) every thing

Every (every, every) + where (where) everywhere, everywhere

follow the example of． ． ．Learn... example/for example; such as/set sb. an example sets an example for.../take. ． ． for example Take... as an example/give (sb.) an example (to someone) example/follow one's example take someone as an example/classic(typical) example typical example/concrete example specific example/shining example brilliant example/lead by personal example lead by example / as an example for example / beyond (without) example unprecedented / make an example of punish one police hundred / make sth. as an example Take... as an example/set an example to sb.set an example for someone
ex (outside, out) +cept (evoke) except...

except for
Note the difference between except and besides. Except means "besides..." and besides means "besides...".Please see the example sentences: ①There are rio others in the classroom except me.There is no one else in the classroom except me. ②There are two other students in the classroom besides me.There are two other students in the classroom besides me.

Note that the verbs excuse and pardon both mean "to forgive" but are used differently. Excuse refers to forgive someone's small fault or negligence, often used to politely interrupt someone, or to attract someone's attention. Pardon refers to the forgiveness of serious faults, especially legal or moral faults, and can also express the forgiveness of etiquette negligence. This word is more formal.Example: You step on my foot. I beg your pardon． —You stepped on my foot. --sorry.

do exercises in doing... Fanger's exercises / do morning (eye) exercises do morning exercises (eye exercises) / give sb. some exercises arrange some exercises for ... / outdoor exercises outdoor exercise / take exercise exercise; exercise

of the two pencil—boxes, the boy chose____one.

A． 1ess expensiveB． the least expensive
C． the less expensive D． the most expensive
The meaning of the sentence is: Among the two pencil boxes, the boy chose the cheaper one.The answer is c.

The thing to be compared is two, the comparative degree is applied and there is a noun after it. A does not meet the meaning of the sentence. B and D are the highest level.

eye exercises eye exercises／with one's own eyes with one's own eyes／catch sb's eye attracts attention／keep an eye on take care of, pay attention／keep one's eyes open watch carefully, be vigilant／blink one's eyes blink／roll one's eyes turn eyeball／rub one's eyes rubbing eyes/squint one's eyes squinting eyes/blood—shot eyes bloodshot eyes/deep. set eyes deep set eyes / watery eyes watery eyes / have an eye for appreciation / in one's eyes in someone's eyes; in someone's mind / keep an (one's) eye on look after; pay close attention / before one's eyes in front of someone / eye front look forward / eye left look left / eye right look right / electric eye electric eye / pink eye red eye / be all eyes
English Vocabulary Test Center Handbook for Senior High School Entrance Examination
eyesight vision, vision/eyewitness eyewitness/eyeball eyeball/eyebank eye bank/eyelash eyelashes/eyelid eyelid/eyewater eye drops

What's wrong with my son's——? He can't see things clearly.

A． eyes B． ears C． mouth D． the nose
(Beijing in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning: What happened to my son's eyes?He can't see things clearly.The answer is A.

This question examines the meaning of words, eyes means "eyes", ears means "ears", mouth means "mouth", and nose means "nose". From the following sentence "he can't see things clearly", it can be inferred that eyes should be used.

(End of this chapter)