Diamond Sutra, Heart Sutra, Altar Sutra

Chapter 32
This article mainly narrates the content of Huineng's last words, and it is Huineng's summary and overview of his Zen method.Huineng first cited the three disciplines of Yin, Realm, and Entry, that is, the five Yins, twelve entry, and eighteen realms, with the purpose of getting rid of self-attachment.Then, 36 pairs of methods are used to clarify the Buddhist middle way view.The scriptures emphasize the principles of Zen Buddhism such as "leaving the two sides when coming and going", "separating the outer from the phase, and the inner void from the void", "the two ways are related to each other, and the morality is born in the middle".It is recorded that Huineng knew that he would die soon, urged the construction of a tomb tower, and said "true and false dynamics and statics" with his disciples.When answering the disciple's question about passing on the mantle and bowl, he pointed out that in the future, people in the world should take the "Platform Sutra" as the correct method and protect themselves well.He also explained the one-phase samadhi and one-line samadhi to his disciples.It foretells the catastrophe that someone will steal the head after passing away, and it reveals the legal system of Zen Buddhism taught by Zen Buddhism and the genealogy of the ancestors of the past dynasties.And once again emphasized the purpose of knowing the mind and seeing the nature, the true Buddha of self-nature.In the end, I explained some things about how the disciples dealt with the aftermath after Master Huineng passed away.

Original
One day, the master called his disciples Fahai, Zhicheng, Fada, Shenhui, Zhichang, Zhitong, Zhiche, Zhidao, Fazhen, Faru, etc., and said: You are different from others. division.I teach you the Dharma today, without losing the origin.

First of all, the three subjects of method ② must be cited, and 36 pairs should be used, and they will leave both sides when they come and go.Speaking of all dharmas, do not separate from the self-nature.Suddenly someone asked you about the Dharma, and he uttered both words, all taking the correct Dharma, and coming and going are caused by each other.After all the two methods are completely eliminated, there is nowhere to go.

Those who practice the three disciplines are also people from the underworld.Yin is the five yin, form, feeling, thought, action, and consciousness are also.Entrance is the twelve entrances, the outer six objects, form, sound, smell, taste, touch, and dharma, and the inner six doors, the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind.Realms are the eighteen realms, so are the six dusts, six gates, and six consciousnesses.Self-energy contains all dharmas, and name contains Tibetan consciousness.If you think about it, you will transfer your consciousness ④.The six consciousnesses are born, the six gates are created, and the six dust objects are seen, such as the eighteen realms, all functioning from the self-nature.

注释
① Extinction: the meaning of Nirvana, death, and transformation.Through practice, we can eliminate obstacles and overcome suffering, and obtain the fruit position, that is, the cause and effect will be eliminated forever, and enlightenment will be realized.

②Three divisions: refer to the five aggregates, twelve places and eighteen realms, or translated five yin, twelve entrances, and eighteen realms.Observing people and the world from these three aspects, according to the different situations of fools and ignorance, get rid of self-attachment, so as to understand the principle of "no self".

③ Two methods: Divide the methods into two types.Or it can be divided into form and mind, or it can be divided into dyeing and purity, active and inactive, with leakage and without leakage, etc.It has the same meaning as "two-phase".

④ Zhuanzhi: Zhuan, which means to change, to change.Consciousness-only scholars believe that among the eight consciousnesses, except for the eighth consciousness, the remaining seven consciousnesses, such as eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, mind, and mana, are called transfer consciousness.These seven consciousnesses are collectively referred to as the seven revolutions, the first seven revolutions, etc.The first seven consciousnesses rely on the Alaya consciousness, and they are turned around by objects such as form and sound. They can change the three feelings of suffering, happiness, and equanimity, and change the three natures of good, evil, and memoryless, so they are called "seven consciousnesses". Recognized".

Translation
One day, Master Huineng called his disciples Fahai, Zhicheng, Fada, Shenhui, Zhichang, Zhitong, Zhiche, Zhidao, Fazhen, Faru, etc., and said to them: "You guys are different from others. Similarly, after my death, each of you will be the master of one side. Now I will teach you how to speak the Dharma, so as not to lose the purpose of this sect.

"When teaching the Dharma, you must first list the three disciplines of Dharma, using 36 pairs of relative methods. Once the words are spoken, they must be separated from both ends, and they will not be implemented. When speaking of all dharmas, you must not leave the self-nature. If someone suddenly asks you about Buddhism, All the words spoken should be in pairs, and all should be used in a relative way. Words should come and go back and forth, and cause and effect each other. In the end, all the dharmas of birth and death, existence and non-existence should be wiped out, and there is nothing left to cling to premises.

"The three disciplines of practice are yin, realm, and entry. Yin is the five yins, namely form, feeling, thought, formation, and consciousness. Entrance is the twelve entrances, which are the six dusts outside the body: form, sound, smell, taste, touch, Dharma, the six doors in the body: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind. The realm is the eighteen realms, that is, the six objects, the six doors, and the six consciousnesses. The self-nature can contain all things and phenomena, which is called the hidden storage consciousness. If there is a generation of separate thinking, it is a transformation of consciousness. The six consciousnesses of eye consciousness, ear consciousness, nose consciousness, tongue consciousness, body consciousness, and consciousness are generated. The six objects of sound, smell, taste, touch, and dharma are the eighteen realms, all of which arise and function from the self-nature.

Original
If the self-nature is evil, there are eighteen evils; if the self-nature is righteous, there are eighteen righteous ones.If it is used badly, it will be used by sentient beings, and if it is used well, it will be used by Buddhas. How it is used depends on its own nature.

There are five ruthless pairings in relation to the external environment of the law: heaven and earth, sun and moon, light and darkness, yin and yang, water and fire, these are the five pairs.

Twelve pairs of dharma-like language ①: the pair of language and dharma, the pair of existence and non-existence ②, the pair of colored and non-formed, the pair of existence and non-existence ③, the pair of existence and non-flow ④, the pair of form and emptiness ⑤, the pair of movement and stillness, Clear and turbid, ordinary and holy, monk and secular, old and young, big and small, these are the twelve pairs.

The self-nature uses nineteen pairs: long and short, evil and right, ignorance and wisdom, ignorance and wisdom, chaos and samadhi, kindness and poison, precepts and wrongness, straightness and crookedness, reality and emptiness Right, danger and peace, worry and bodhi, permanence and impermanence, compassion and harm, joy and anger, equanimity and stinginess, advance and retreat, birth and death, dharma body and physical body, incarnation and reward The body is right, this is nineteen pairs.

The teacher said: If these 36 pairs of methods are interpreted and used, the Tao will penetrate all the scriptures, and when entering and leaving, they will leave both sides.

注释
①Faxiang: Refers to the essential appearance of all dharmas (physical appearance), or refers to its meaning and content (meaning appearance).It summarizes all phenomena that have birth and death, and also includes eternal phenomena that do not have birth and death.

② Contrast between existence and non-existence: existence, that is, the meaning of existence and survival, is used to show the existence of all dharmas, and there are differences between real existence, false existence, and wonderful existence.For example, the three times are real; the existence of karma and the combination of causes and conditions is false; the perfect nature is pervasive and there is no birth and death, so it is said to be a wonderful existence.Nothing, which is opposite to "being", means non-existence.Buddhism believes that the two sides of the so-called existence or non-existence (that is, the side of "partial existence or "partial non-existence") are fallacies; only the transcendence of the relativity between existence and non-existence is the absolute truth.

③ There is a phase and no phase: "with phase" and "without phase" are symmetrical, and with phase, it refers to the difference between tangible things.Those who also have the phase of birth, death, and flow are also called phases.Formless means that all dharmas have no self-nature, the nature is empty, and there is no form.

④ Pairs of leakage and non-flow: "leak" means loss and leakage; it is a synonym for affliction.The faults and bitter fruits of human beings caused by afflictions make people circulate in the delusional world, and it is difficult to escape from the sea of ​​life and death, so it is called "outflow".

⑤ Pair of form and emptiness: Form is the general term for material existence.Empty means nothing, emptiness, emptiness, emptiness, and non-existence, which means that in all existing things, there is no self, entity, or self.

Translation
"If the self-nature is evil and obsessed, eighteen kinds of evil thoughts will arise; if the self-nature is correct, eighteen kinds of righteous thoughts will arise. The use of evil thoughts is the use of sentient beings, and the use of good thoughts is the use of Buddha; being used by evil thoughts is still being used by good thoughts. The use of thoughts is determined by what is used. It is determined by the self-nature.

"The so-called 36 pairs of law, there are five pairs of ruthless things in the outside world: heaven and earth, sun and moon, light and darkness, yin and yang, water and fire, these are the five ruthless pairs.

"There are twelve pairs in the nature, form and language of things: language and Buddhism, existence and non-existence, form and formlessness, form and formlessness, outflow and no outflow, form and emptiness, Movement and stillness, clarity and turbidity, mortals and saints, monks and laymen, old and young, big and small, these are the twelve pairs of Dharma language.

"There are nineteen pairs of functions arising in the self-nature: long versus short, wrong view versus right view, ignorance versus wisdom, stupidity versus wisdom, disorder versus concentration, compassion versus poison, morality versus non- Contrasting music, truth and falsehood, danger and peace, affliction and bodhisattva, permanence and impermanence, sadness and harm, joy and anger, charity and miserliness, forward and backward, arising and extinction, The Dharma body is opposite to the physical body, and the emanation body is opposite to the sambhogakaya, these are the nineteen pairs used by the self-nature.”

Master Huineng said: "If you can understand and apply these 36 pairs of relative teachings, you will be able to penetrate all Buddhist teachings and classics. When talking with people, you can advance and retreat without clinging to two extremes.

Original
Self-nature is mobilized, shared with others, externally separated from phase, internally separated from emptiness.If you have all the appearances, you will grow wrong views.If you hold on to emptiness, you will be forever ignorant.People who hold emptiness slander the scriptures, but they don't use words when they speak bluntly.Since it is said that words are not used, people are also incompatible with language; only this language is the phase of words.It is also said: “The straight way does not establish characters, that is, the two characters do not establish characters, which are also characters.When you see what someone says, slander what he said or write. You should know that it is still possible to delude yourself, and you can also slander Buddhist scriptures. Don’t slander the scriptures. There are countless obstacles.

If you look at appearances from the outside, and practice the method to seek the truth; or if you set up a large Taoist temple and say that there are no faults, such people will not be able to see their nature for many kalpas.But listen to the law and practice, and don't think about everything, but obstruct the Tao.If you hear about it and don't practice it, you will have evil thoughts.But according to the law, practice the non-dwelling form method.If you are enlightened, speak according to this, use according to this, act according to this, and act according to this, you will not lose the original teaching.

If someone asks your righteousness, it is right to ask whether there is a general or not, and it is right to ask if there is no general;The two ways are related to each other ①, and the morality and righteousness in life ②.

If one asks a pair, and the rest of the questions follow this, it will not be unreasonable.Someone asked: What is darkness?The answer goes: Brightness is the cause, darkness is the cause, and the absence of light means darkness.With obvious darkness, with darkness to show light, coming and going are caused by each other, and become middle morality.All the rest of the questions are like this.You are the same as passing down the Dharma later, and teaching it according to the transformation phase, so as not to lose the purpose.

注释
① Erdao: Refers to two relative aspects, such as "you" and "wu", "fan" and "sage".

②The middle way: It means leaving the extremes and evil attachments of the two sides, and it is a kind of right way that does not favor either side.Also known as Zhonglu, or simply Zhonglu.The fundamental standpoint of Middle Way Buddhism.

Translation
"When the self-nature is activated and functioning, talk with others, don't be attached to its appearance for external things, and not be attached to nothingness for inner thoughts. If you are all attached to external appearances, wrong views will increase. If you are attached to emptiness, you will increase ignorance and ignorance. People who are attached to emptiness and emptiness often slander Buddhist scriptures, saying that there is no need for words. Since they say that words are not needed, then there should be no language; Into the appearance of words. He also said that if you practice Buddhism directly, you will not establish words, that is, the two characters "no establishment" are words in themselves. When you see what others say, you immediately slander others' words. You are obsessed with words. You know that you It is enough to be a fool, and to slander the Buddhist scriptures; don't slander the Buddhist scriptures, otherwise, the number of sins and obstacles will be too many to count.

"If you are obsessed with external appearances, you will create various methods to seek the Buddha's way; or you will build a wide range of temples and preach about the gains and losses. People like this will never be able to see their own nature. People like this should obey Follow the Dharma to practice, and don’t think about anything, and obstruct the nature of the Buddha and Dao to suffocate it. If you just hear about it and don’t practice it, it will make people have evil thoughts. Therefore, you must practice in accordance with the Dharma, not clinging to appearances, and Use this to explain the Dharma. If you can become enlightened, follow this teaching, follow this practice, follow this practice, and follow this action, you will not lose sight of the purpose of this sect.

"If someone asks you the meaning of Buddhism, answer with non-existence if you ask about existence, and answer with existence if you ask about non-existence; answer with saints when you ask ordinary people, and answer with ordinary people when you ask saints. Hold the original meaning of the middle way.

"One question and one answer like this, and the rest of the questions are all answered in this way, so that the doctrine of the middle way will not be lost. Suppose someone asks what is darkness? Answer: light is the source, darkness is the condition, and darkness suddenly arises when light disappears. Use light to highlight darkness, use darkness to highlight light, come and go cause and effect each other, and achieve the meaning of the middle way. The rest of the questions are all answered in this way. In the process of teaching the Dharma in the future, you will use this to convey to each other and teach each other. , don’t lose the purpose of this sect.”

Original
In the first year of Taiji, Renzi, in the seventh month of Yanhe, he ordered the disciples to build a pagoda at Guoen Temple in Xinzhou, and still ordered to promote the construction.It was completed in the late summer of the following year.On the first day of the seventh month, the assembled disciples said: "I am going to the eighth month, and I want to leave the world."If you have doubts, you should ask each other early, so as to clear up your doubts and make you completely confused.If I go, no one will teach you.

When Fahai and others heard about it, they all wept; only Shenhui remained motionless, and there was no weeping.

The teacher said: God knows the little master ②, but he gets the good and the bad, the reputation does not move, and the sorrow and joy do not arise.The rest can't, how can they cultivate in the mountains for several years?You are weeping now, who are you worried about?If you worry that I don't know where I'm going, I know where I'm going. If I don't know where I'm going, I won't predict it to you.You weep, because you don't know where I am going.If you know where I am going, you will not weep.Dharma-nature is inherently non-existent, coming and going, and you all sit down, and I will speak a gatha to you, which is called the gatha of true and false movement and stillness.You recite this verse, and I agree with you; practice according to this, without losing the purpose.

All the monks bowed and asked the master to speak gatha.The verse says:
Nothing is true, not to be seen in the true;

If you see the truth, you see nothing is true.

If you can have your own truth, you will be true if you are free from falsehood;
If one's mind is not separated from the false, where is the true without the true?
If there is emotion, it will move; if there is no emotion, it will not move;
If you can't practice cultivation, it's the same as being ruthless and not moving.

If Mimi really does not move, there is no movement in movement;
Not moving is not moving, there is no emotion and no buddha seed.

Able to distinguish appearances, the first righteousness does not move;
But to see it in this way is to use it as it really is.

Report to those who learn the Tao, hard work must be intentional;
Mo Yu Mahayana, but clinging to the wisdom of life and death.

If the words correspond to each other, that is to discuss the Buddha's meaning together;
If there is no response, put your palms together to make you happy.

There is no arguing in this sect, and arguing is a loss of morality;
Adhere to the law of adversity and admonition, the self-nature enters life and death.

注释
① "Teacher in" two sentences: 712 AD.In this year, Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty was changed to the first year of Yuan Taiji, and in May it was changed to the first year of Yuan Yanhe. After Tang Xuanzong ascended the throne, it was changed to the first year of Yuan Xiantian in August of that year.

②Little teacher: refers to a monk who has received full precepts for less than ten years, and if it has been ten years, it is called a residence.

Translation
Master Huineng ordered his disciples to go to Xinzhou Guoen Temple to build a pagoda in the first year of Tang Ruizong's Taiji, that is, the year of Renzi, which is the first year of Yanhe, and ordered people to urge construction.Towards the end of the following summer, the tower was completed.On July [-]st, Master Huineng summoned his disciples and said to them: "I will pass away in August. If you have any questions, you should ask them early. I will dispel your doubts for you and remove your confusion. If you die, there will be no one to guide you."

When Fa Hai and other disciples heard about it, they all wept bitterly; only Shenhui didn't change their expressions at all, and they didn't cry.

Master Huineng said: "Although Shenhui is a small Zen master, he can realize the equality of goodness and badness. He will not be swayed by slander or praise, and will not feel sad or happy. Others have not been able to do it. For more than ten years in the mountains Cultivation, what kind of path have you cultivated? You are crying now, for whom are you grieving? If I am sad, I don’t know where I am going. In fact, I know where I am going. If I don’t know where I am going, I will not inform you in advance. You Sorrow and cry are all because you don’t know where I am going. If you know where I am going, you shouldn’t be sad. The nature of Buddhism does not come and go. You all sit down, and I will say a verse to you called: "True False Movement and Static Gatha. If you recite and listen to this gatha, you will be able to share my mind; practice according to this gatha, and you will not lose sight of the sect’s purpose.”

All the monks saluted, and Master Huineng was invited to write a gatha.The gatha says:

Nothing is true, not to be seen in the true;

If you see the truth, you see nothing is true.

If you can have your own truth, you will be true if you are free from falsehood;
If one's mind is not separated from the false, where is the true without the true?
If there is emotion, it will move; if there is no emotion, it will not move;
If you can't practice cultivation, it's the same as being ruthless and not moving.

If Mimi really does not move, there is no movement in movement;
Not moving is not moving, there is no emotion and no buddha seed.

Able to distinguish appearances, the first righteousness does not move;
But to see it in this way is to use it as it really is.

Report to those who learn the Tao, hard work must be intentional;
Laid in the Mahayana gate, but clinging to the wisdom of life and death.

If the words correspond to each other, that is to discuss the Buddha's meaning together;
If there is no response, put your palms together to make you happy.

This sect is fundamentally non-controversial, pure means losing the will of the Dao;

Adhere to the law of adversity and admonition, the self-nature enters life and death.

Original
At that time, the disciples heard that the gatha had been spoken, and everyone saluted.And empathize with the teacher's intentions, each with his own heart, practice according to the law, and dare not argue.Knowing that the master lived in the world soon, Fahai sat down, and asked again: "After the monk died, who should pay the clothes and clothes?"
(End of this chapter)