Car Maintenance Basics

Chapter 15 Item 2 Vehicle Maintenance Management ([-])
⑤ The free travel and effective travel of the brake pedal should comply with the original design regulations.There should be no interference with other non-related parts during the action, and the pedal can quickly return to its position when the pedal is released.The fit between the bushing and the shaft should meet the maintenance technical requirements of the original manufacturer.The pedal travel of a vehicle using hydraulic brakes shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB7258.

⑥ The effective travel of the parking brake lever shall comply with the original design requirements.Actions should not interfere with other unrelated components.The fit between the bushing and the shaft should meet the maintenance technical requirements of the original manufacturer.

(6) Requirements for frame, body and cab
① The longitudinal straightness tolerance of the upper plane and side of the frame longitudinal beam is 1000mm in any 3mm length, and 1% of its length in the overall length.

②The upper planes of the left and right longitudinal beams of the frame assembly should be in the same plane, and the flatness tolerance is 1.5% of the length of the measured plane.

③ Inspection of frame segments (pin hole axis of front steel plate front bracket - pin hole axis of front steel plate rear bracket pin hole axis - rear steel plate front bracket pin hole axis - rear steel plate rear bracket pin hole axis) inspection, the diagonal length difference of each section is not greater than 5mm .

④The cab and the cargo compartment should be flat and intact, free from defects such as deformation, cracks, and corrosion.The side panels and hinges of the cargo compartment should be firmly hinged and flexible in opening and closing.

⑤ The cab assembly adopts a turning mechanism, there should be no abnormal noise during driving, and the shock absorption is effective: the turning is light and flexible, and the turning angle meets the original design requirements; the positioning and locking mechanism should be reliable, complete and effective, and the heat and shock insulation measures are effective. Comply with the original design requirements.

⑥ The adjustable part of the cab seat should be adjusted flexibly and locked effectively.

⑦ The cab, cargo compartment, bumper and fenders are left and right symmetrical.The height difference between each symmetrical part and the ground: the cargo compartment is not greater than 20mm, and the other is not greater than 10mm.

⑧ The side panels and bottom panels of the cargo compartment should be flat and intact; the left and right panels should be parallel, and the height difference should not exceed 10mm. After the side panels are closed, the gap on each side should not exceed 5mm; the hinge brackets and lock hooks of the cargo compartment should be repaired according to the original design Complete and effective.

⑨The spare tire rack is installed firmly and reliably, and is flexible to operate.

⑩The engine hood should be free from cracks, damage and deformation, the cover should be tight, the accessories should be complete and effective, flexible and reliable, and the support should be firm.

The rearview mirror has a clear image, flexible adjustment, no cracks or rust on the bracket, and is firmly installed; the wiper works reliably, and the effective wiper surface meets the original design requirements.

The appearance of the inner and outer decorative parts should be smooth and fit, and the fasteners should be neat and firm; the electroplated and aluminum decorative parts should be bright and free of rust, delamination and scratches.

Openable doors and windows should be easy to open and close, tightly closed, reliable locked, evenly seamed, and not loose; door handles and glass regulators are complete, flexible and effective.

Door and window glass shall meet the requirements of the relevant provisions of GB7258.

The doors, windows and dust-proof and rain-proof sealing facilities should be complete and in good condition.

(7) Lighting and signal devices and other electrical equipment require that the electrical lines of the whole vehicle should be reasonably arranged and connected correctly; the wiring harness should be well-wrapped, firm and reliable; there should be protective devices where the wiring harness passes through the hole, and the distance from the exhaust pipe should not be less than 300mm; wire specifications The wire color should comply with the regulations, and the connectors should be firm and good; the use of fuses, fuses and relays should comply with the original design regulations; the exposed electrical connectors and electrical switches should be more than 200mm away from the filling port and vent port of the fuel tank.

① Lighting, signal, electrical equipment, etc. and their control devices should be complete and effective, and the performance of each component should be good, work normally, and meet the original design requirements.

② The irradiation position and luminous intensity of the headlight beam shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB18565.

③ The appearance of the battery should be clean, the installation should be firm, the pile head should be intact, the positive and negative poles should be clearly marked, the pile clamp head and the ground wire should be firmly connected; the electrolyte density, liquid level height and voltage difference should meet the regulations.

5. Main performance index requirements
①动力性。台架测试汽车额定转矩转速下的驱动轮输出功率应符合GB/T18276的规定。环境温度在288-303K(15-30°C)范围内，海拔高度变化后，驱动轮输出功率可按下列公式进行修正：
②After the overhaul and break-in period of the vehicle expires, the fuel consumption per 105 kilometers shall not exceed [-]% of the fuel consumption per [-] kilometers of the corresponding vehicle speed stipulated in the original design of the vehicle.

③Various emission control devices should be complete and effective, and the emission indicators of vehicles should meet the requirements of national standards.

④ braking performance.

a. The braking performance of the test bench or road test shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB18565.

b. If the braking system is equipped with proportional valves, pressure limiting valves, load sensing valves, inertial valves or anti-lock braking devices, the vehicle that fails to reach the specified braking force on the test bench shall be tested based on the test results of the full-load road test. prevail.The braking performance of automobiles equipped with ABS should meet the requirements of national standards.

⑤Sliding performance should comply with the relevant provisions of GB18565.

⑥Steering portability should meet the relevant provisions of GB18565.

⑦ The noise next to the driver's ear should comply with the relevant regulations of GB7258; the noise outside the car should comply with the relevant regulations of GB1495.

⑧The sound level of the speaker should comply with the relevant provisions of GB7258.

6. Quality Assurance
① After the overhaul is completed and the car leaves the factory, after passing the inspection, the "Vehicle Overhaul Factory Qualification Certificate" and related technical documents shall be issued.

② The repair unit shall provide quality assurance for the overhauled automobiles. The quality assurance period of the main assembly components shall not be less than half a year or the driving mileage shall not be less than 20000km (whichever comes first) from the date of delivery.

mission cell
[-]. Tool preparation

Tip: Before implementing the homework, each group should prepare the materials and tools needed for this learning task according to the table below.

Data, number of names of tools Data, number of names of tools
A set of commonly used tools for a complete vehicle

One vehicle maintenance manual One vehicle maintenance management manual

[-]. Technical standards and requirements
① All operations meet the requirements for safe operation.

②All operations conform to the operation specification of automobile maintenance.

③ Safety accidents are not allowed during the operation.

[-]. The work to be done

① Inspect the vehicle against the vehicle maintenance management manual. Does it meet the overhaul standard?And record the test results.

② How should the repaired cars be inspected?Please record the inspection process.

learning assessment
[-]. Self-evaluation

1. Summarize what are the main standards for car maintenance?

2. Please write down your experience of this learning task.

3. Self-evaluation of the learning environment (including dress, learning attitude, mastery of knowledge and skills, completion of work pages, etc.).

[-]. Group evaluation

Evaluation status of serial number evaluation items
Good to bad

1 team spirit
2 Whether learning is proactive
3 The situation of obeying the work arrangement

4 Use of tools and instruments
5. Tool finishing and site cleaning
[-]. Teacher Evaluation

Evaluation status of serial number evaluation items
Good to bad

1 Attendance
2 dressing situation

3 classroom order
4 Whether learning is proactive
5. Fill out the learning task book

6 Use of tools and instruments
7. Tool finishing and site cleaning
Three Automobile Maintenance Enterprise Management System

Learn
Knowledge goal:

Understand the management systems of various auto repair companies.

Master the basic knowledge of vehicle maintenance management.

Familiar with the basic process of vehicle maintenance management.

task description
Under the guidance of teachers, understand the management system of automobile maintenance enterprises and master the management process of automobile maintenance.Under the guidance of the work order task, complete the study of the management system of the automobile repair enterprise.Record and archive the completed work, consciously maintain safe operation and 5S work requirements.

related information
[-]. Vehicle import and export registration system
① When the vehicle enters the factory for repair, the customer should describe the failure phenomenon, provide technical files and driving license and other relevant information.

② Business reception personnel and inspection personnel should listen carefully to the customer's statement and understand the technical status of the vehicle.

③The vehicle enters the pre-inspection station, the inspector confirms the maintenance items after inspection, and submits to the front desk for pre-calculation of the maintenance cost, and then signs the maintenance contract with the customer.

④The vehicle enters the area to be repaired and waits for maintenance.

⑤After passing the completion inspection of the vehicle maintenance, the expenses shall be settled according to the working hours and material settlement list, and the settlement voucher and the completion certificate of delivery shall be provided to the vehicle entrusting party.

⑥Establish maintenance vehicle files.

[-]. Management system for motor vehicle repair and pick-up
①The business reception room is clean and comfortable, with complete business reception facilities.

② The business receptionist should have the title of assistant or senior technician or above, have more than two years of experience in motor vehicle maintenance, be able to use testing equipment proficiently to analyze and diagnose faults, and have the comprehensive processing ability and conscious service awareness of maintenance business.

③ The business receptionist should learn from the customer about vehicle failures and previous maintenance and make records. He should verify the driving license, engine number, and frame number with the customer on site, and check the technical status and fault diagnosis of the vehicle.

④ When the failure needs to be confirmed through consultation, the customer should be informed of the relevant consultation regulations, and the consultation should be organized after obtaining the customer's consent.After the consultation, a fault diagnosis report must be issued.

⑤ The business receptionist should explain to the customer the technical status of the vehicle, fault diagnosis opinions, suggested maintenance items, job content, parts prices, maintenance time and maintenance costs, and make a record of receiving the vehicle.

⑥When the customer agrees to entrust maintenance, both parties must sign a maintenance contract or a maintenance order.

⑦The business receptionist must fill in the handover vehicle list, record the vehicle equipment, and confirm the vehicle status (including engine number and frame number).When handing over the car, the customer shall sign on the handover list for approval.

⑧ If the replacement parts are brought by the customer, the "Registration Form for Parts Bringed by Customers" must be filled in, and the quality responsibility for the parts brought by the customer shall be agreed.

⑨After the diagnosis report is issued by the consultation, if the customer does not entrust the car repair, the appropriate diagnosis fee can be charged to the customer and the diagnosis report will be handed over to the customer.

⑩The business receptionist should file and save the records of car pick-up, maintenance contract or repair order, handover car list, self-contained accessories registration form, fault diagnosis report, etc.

[-]. Maintenance quality inspection system

① The quality inspection of automobile maintenance adopts the method of combining self-inspection, mutual inspection and full-time inspection.

② The general inspector of the enterprise is fully responsible for the quality inspection of the repaired vehicles, the quality inspection of purchased and outsourced parts.

③Each team shall set up a full-time inspector to inspect the key items of the vehicle repaired by the team and be responsible for the random inspection of other items.

④ The business receptionist is responsible for the incoming inspection of the repaired vehicles.

⑤ The chief inspector is responsible for the final inspection of the repaired vehicles before they leave the factory, and issues the factory certificate for the vehicles that meet the completion standards.

⑥ Vehicles under repair that have not been checked and accepted by the quality inspectors shall not be handed over to the user for use, and the maintenance fee shall not be settled.

⑦Inspectors at all levels should earnestly make inspection records and organize them in time, and hand them over to specialized personnel for archiving and preservation.

⑧Inspectors should continuously strengthen their own learning, deeply understand relevant technical standards, actively adopt new processes and technologies, and guide production workers to improve their operating levels.

[-]. Incoming Inspection System for Maintenance Enterprises

① When the vehicle is sent for repair, it should have the warranty content and relevant technical files.

②The business reception staff and inspection personnel are responsible for the pre-inspection of the vehicles sent for repair, and fill in the "Vehicle Maintenance Inspection Form" according to the specifications.

③ During vehicle pre-inspection, according to the driver's feedback and the technical file and maintenance file, through inspection or testing, inspection, determine the basic work content, and inform the repairing party.

④ After being confirmed by the entrusted repairer, sign a maintenance contract with the entrusted repairer and go through the handover procedures.If the tools and spare parts used with the car do not belong to the scope of car accessories, they should be kept by the repairing party.

⑤ The dispatcher sends the maintenance work order to the workshop, and the vehicle enters the workshop.

[-]. Maintenance enterprise process inspection system

① Process inspection implements the "three inspections" system that combines self-inspection, mutual inspection and full-time inspection.

②Inspection contents include inspection during disassembly and cleaning of automobile or assembly, inspection of main components, assembly and commissioning inspection of each assembly.

(End of this chapter)