Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 19 Four Paintings (1)
See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for Wang Gua.It is the fruit of Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Ser.) Maxim., a perennial climbing herb of Cucurbitaceae.Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Sichuan, Taiwan and other places.

[Synonyms] Hail melon, bitter melon lotus, Diaogua, Du melon, mountain wax gourd, small bitter pocket, water melon.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Guixin, Kidney Channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and promoting body fluid: It is used for quenching thirst, choking and nausea due to excessive heat and body fluid deficiency. It is usually taken as a single powder, or mixed with jujube meat as a ball and mixed with wine.To stimulate the menstrual flow and lower the milk: it is used for amenorrhea due to blood stasis and meridians, and the milk is scarce. It is often used together with Tong Cao and Wang Buliu Xing.In addition, smashing and applying for external use can also treat carbuncle and sore.

It is commonly used in modern times for diabetes, postpartum milk failure, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Oral administration: Grind into pills and powders.External application: smashed for applying.

【Caution】Not suitable for pregnant women.

【Modern Research】Contains β-carotene, tomato hydrocarbon, stigmasteren-7-ol and α-spinasterol.

For Wang Guazi, see "On the Properties of Medicine".It is the seed of Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Ser.) Maxim.

[Synonym] Chi Haizi, Ma Haizi, Tuguaren.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sour, bitter, cool.Return lung, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Cooling blood and hemostasis: It is used for hematemesis and epistaxis caused by blood heat, and it is used for micro-frying alone, ground into powder and taken after mixing; for blood in stool, it can be taken together with Shengdi and Coptidis as honeyed pills and rice drink.Clearing damp-heat: for damp-heat jaundice, it can be decocted with capillary, turmeric, Gentiana chinensis, and white fresh skin each 10g in water; for dysentery, it can be decocted in water.

Modern commonly used in viral jaundice hepatitis, bacillary dysentery, gastric and duodenal ulcer bleeding.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-10g; or into pills or powder.

[Modern Research] Contains glutamic acid, arginine and other amino acids, fatty oil, etc.

Wang Guagen see "Bielu of Famous Doctors".It is the root of Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Ser.) Maxim.

[Synonym] Soil Melon Root, Dula, Mouse Pillow, Soil Pollen, Mountain Bitter Gourd.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.It is slightly poisonous.Guixin, lung, bladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】Reducing heat and promoting body fluid: for febrile disease and polydipsia, take it alone with decoction;Dispelling blood stasis and relieving pain: It is used for dysmenorrhea and abdominal pain caused by diarrhea. It is often ground into powder with the same amount of peony, cassia twig, and chrysanthemum, and mixed with wine, that is, tuguagen powder ("Synopsis of the Golden Chamber").Clearing away heat and detoxification: for sore throat, you can use the ground powder alone and blow it into your throat for a while, or slice it into your mouth to make saliva flow out; for sores and carbuncles, you can use it alone as a decoction, and mash the residue with brown sugar for application; Snake bites, water and fire burns, can be used alone to grind the powder and mix it with cold boiled water.

It is commonly used in modern times for chronic pharyngitis, tonsillitis, snake bites, traumatic pain, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-9g.

[Cautions for use] Take it with caution for those with spleen and stomach deficiency and pregnant women.

[Modern Research] Contains choline, arginine, starch, etc.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for Wang Buliuxing.It is the seed of Vaccariasegetalis (Neck.) Garcke, an herbaceous plant of Caryophyllaceae.Mainly produced in Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning and other places.

[Synonyms] Liuxingzi, Wangbuliu, Mailanzi, Barley Niu, Fried Wangbuliuxing, Jianjinhua, Jinzhan Yintai.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, flat.Return liver, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】Promoting blood circulation and promoting menstrual flow: used for amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea due to blood stasis, often compatible with angelica, Chuanxiong, Cyperus cyperi, safflower, etc.Inject milk to eliminate carbuncle: for postpartum milk retention, often used together with pangolin, such as Yongquan powder ("Health Treasure Book"); if Qi and blood deficiency, milk scarce, often compatible with astragalus, angelica, pig's trotters, etc.; For mastitis swelling and pain, it is often compatible with dandelion, trichosanthes, red peony, Trichosanthes, Prunella vulgaris, etc.Diuretic to treat stranguria: for stranguria syndrome, it can be compatible with Qumai, Shiwei, mallow seeds, etc.

In modern times, it is often used for lactation blockage, acute mastitis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-10g.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for pregnant women and those with blood deficiency without stasis.

[Modern Research] It mainly contains triterpene saponins, etc., and experiments on mice have shown that it has anti-implantation, anti-early pregnancy and analgesic effects.

Gastrodia elata see "Lei Gong Pao Shao Lun".It is the rhizome of Gastrodiaelata BL., a perennial parasitic herbaceous plant of Orchidaceae.It is mainly produced in Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Guizhou and other places.It is excavated in winter and spring, and those picked in winter are called "Dongma", which is of good quality; those picked in spring are called "Chunma", and the quality is slightly inferior.

[Synonyms] Guiduyou, Tomorrow Ma, Dongma, Chijian, Dingfengcao.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, slightly warm.Return liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】Xifengzhijing: used for internal movement of liver wind caused by various reasons, convulsions, epilepsy and convulsions.For convulsions in children, it is often used together with antelope horn, Uncaria, and scorpion, such as Uncaria Drink ("Yizong Jinjian"); for convulsions in children with spleen deficiency, it is often compatible with ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala, and silkworm , such as Xingpi Wan ("Puji Benshifang"); for tetanus, convulsions and convulsions, opisthotonos, often used with Araceae, Baifuzi, and Fangfeng, such as Yuzhensan ("Surgery Zhengzong").Suppressing liver and subduing yang: It is used for dizziness and headache caused by hyperactivity of liver yang.If the phlegm is heavy, it should be combined with Banxia, ​​Baizhu, Poria, etc., such as Banxia Mabaizhu Decoction ("Medical Mind Enlightenment").Dispelling wind and dredging collaterals: used for rheumatic arthralgia, joint flexion and extension problems, often used with Gentiana chinensis, notopterygium, and mulberry branches, such as Gentiana tianma decoction ("Medical Heart Wu"); used for paralysis of limbs and limbs due to stroke, can be used with no Medicine, aconitum, and musk are used equally, such as Tianma pills ("Shengji Zonglu"); if the liver and kidney are deficient, limbs are weak and weak, and numbness fails, it can be used equally with Eucommia and Achyranthes bidentata.

In modern times, it is often used for brain nerve stimulation symptoms caused by infectious diseases such as essential hypertension, arteriosclerosis, trigeminal neuralgia, rheumatoid arthritis, tetanus, epidemic meningitis, and Japanese encephalitis.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-9g, or in pills, powders, or wine preparations.

[Modern Research] Contains gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, succinic acid, β-sitosterol, etc.In animal experiments, water decoction injection can effectively stop epileptic seizures, significantly reduce peripheral and coronary vascular resistance, and increase blood flow.It has analgesic effect on experimental pain in mice.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for Tianxiong.It is the long and slender root tuber of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx, a plant of Ranunculaceae.Mainly produced in Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places.

[Synonym] White curtain.

[Sexual ignorance meridians] pungent, hot.poisonous.Return liver, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】Expelling wind, dispersing cold, drying dampness: used for wind-cold-damp arthralgia, chronic wind pain, spasm of limbs, often used together with aconite, cinnamon, dried ginger, and windproof, such as Tianxiong Pills ("Shengji Zonglu") ").Replenishes fire and supports yang: It is used for confidant cold pain and abdominal pain caused by yin-cold consolidation, and it is often combined with dried ginger and cumin.In addition, for men with nocturnal emission, cold waist and knee pain, it can be used together with Atractylodes macrocephala, Guizhi, and keel, such as Guzhen Dan ("Jifeng Puji Fang"); It is used equally with Morinda officinalis, Psoraleae, Eucommia, Rehmannia glutinosa, such as Tianxiong pills ("Taiping Shenghui Fang").

Modern commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, sexual dysfunction, sciatica and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 2.5-6g; or into pills or powder.

[Cautions for use] It is contraindicated for those with yin deficiency and yang excess and pregnant women.

See the "Bencao Tujing" for Tianxianzi.It is the seed of Solanaceae herb Hyoscyamus nigerL.Mainly produced in Northeast, Northwest, North China and Shandong, Anhui, Sichuan and other places.

[synonym] scopolamine seed, toothache seed, belladonna, smoked tooth seed.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, warm.It is very poisonous.Guixin, Stomach, Liver Channel.

【Efficacy and application】Spasm relief and pain relief: for gastrointestinal spasm, severe abdominal pain and renal colic, single-flavor powdered water mixed with water, or decocted; used for rheumatic arthralgia, can be used with Aconitum, Wulingzhi, Frankincense and earthworm are equally used; for bruises, it can be taken orally or powdered for external application; for toothache, powdered alone can be used on the toothache, or it can be decocted with asarum and other water.Soothe the nerves and calm the mind: used for convulsions, epilepsy, mania, and can be used with bezoar and carp gallbladder, such as hyacinth powder ("Ancient and Modern Recorded Prescriptions").Astringent intestinal antidiarrheal: for chronic diarrhea, can be used together with dried ginger, myrobalan, orange peel, such as Tianxianzi pill ("Shengji Zonglu"), or with red stone fat, dry alum; used for dysentery Houzhong, can be used together with rhubarb, such as Miaogong San ("Puji Fang"); for prolapse of the anus, it can be fried until black, ground into powder, washed anus, mixed with powdered powder, and rubbed gently with hands.

Modern commonly used for gastrointestinal spasm pain, rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, dental caries toothache, chronic colitis, bacillary dysentery, enteritis, schizophrenia, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 0.6~1.2g; or powder, 0.06~0.6g.External application: appropriate amount, powdered for applying; decocted for washing; or burnt and smoked.

[Caution for use] This product is poisonous, so it should be taken with caution when taken internally, and it should not be taken in excess for a long time.Pregnant women and patients with heart disease and glaucoma are forbidden to take it.

[Modern Research] Contains alkaloids, mainly hyoscyamine, atropine and hyoscyamine.Therapeutic amount of atropine can relieve smooth muscle spasm, dilate mydriasis, increase intraocular pressure and regulate ophthalmoplegia.Atropine has excitatory vagus and respiratory center effects, while hysianine has sedative and hypnotic effects.

For the celestial vine, see "The Classic of Materia Medica".It is the leafy stem vine of Aristolochia Aristolochia debilis Sieb.et Zucc.Mainly produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei, Jiangxi, Henan and other places.

[Synonym] Duling rattan, 300 taels of silver, Douling seedlings, Changsha rattan, Aristolochia, Qingmuxiangteng, smelly seedlings, Xiangteng.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, warm.Return liver, spleen channel.

【Application】Promoting qi, activating blood and relieving pain: For epigastric pain caused by disharmony between liver and stomach, it can be used in combination with Toosendan, Cyperus cyperi, Muxiang, etc.; for hernia abdominal pain, it can be used with black medicine, evodia, fennel, etc.; For postpartum children's pillow and abdominal pain, it can be used with Corydalis Corydalis, Hawthorn, etc.; for rheumatic arthralgia, it can be compatible with Fangfeng, Clematis, Duhuo, Qianghuo, etc.If the shoulders and arms are sore, it can be used together with notopterygium, turmeric, and angelica dahurica, such as Tianxian Tengsan ("Ren Zhai Zhizhi Fang").Diuresis and swelling: used for pregnancy edema, can be compatible with Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Dabupi, etc., such as Tianxiantengsan ("Woman's Good Prescription").In addition, the fresh products are smashed and applied externally to the affected area, which can cure mastitis.

Modern commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy edema, superficial gastritis and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-12g; or as powder.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for external application.

[Cautions for use] Take it with caution for those who are physically weak.

[Modern Research] Contains aristolochic acid, magnolialine, β-sitosterol, etc.With antihypertensive effect.

See "Kaibao Materia Medica" for Tianzhuhuang.It is a blocky substance formed by drying and coagulating the wound fluid accumulated between the bamboo nodes of the grass plant Bambusa textilisMc-Clure and so on after being bitten by the parasitic bamboo wasp.Mainly produced in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.

[Synonyms] Tianzhuhuang, Bamboo Yellow, Bamboo Huangjing, Bamboo Paste, Bamboo Sugar.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cold.GUIXIN, liver, gallbladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and resolving phlegm: It is used for phlegm-heat cough and asthma, and is often compatible with Gualou and Morus alba.Clearing the heart and relieving convulsions: used for convulsions caused by phlegm-heat in children, often used together with Dannanxing, cinnabar, musk, realgar, and uncaria, such as Baolong pills ("Pediatric Medicine Syndrome Zhi Jue"); For epilepsy, it is often used with Shichangpu, turmeric, and coptis.If it is used together with Calculus Calculus, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Bamboo Leaf Jujube, it can also treat febrile diseases, coma and delirium.

Modern commonly used in chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, bronchial pneumonia, epilepsy, stroke, sequelae of concussion, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-6g; or grind into powder and take after mixing with water, 0.6-1g.

[Modern Research] Contains mannitol, stearic acid, hypocrellin A, etc., which have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and inhibitory effects on Gram-positive bacteria.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for Tian Ming Jing.It is the whole plant of Carpesium abrotanoides L, a perennial herb of Compositae.It is distributed in most parts of our country.

[Synonyms] Tianmenjing, Wild Smoke, Lai Gebao Grass, Ear Grass, Stinky Grass, Achyranthes Achyranthes, Lapis Grass.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, bitter, cold.It is slightly poisonous.Return lung, stomach, liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for single and double Ru'e, sore throat, single-use powder, honeyed pills for oral administration, or decoction, or fresh product pounded for oral administration or gargle; for furunculosis, can be used Its leaves are smashed with distiller's grains for application; for convulsions, phlegm and saliva, can be fed with pounded juice alone.Clearing heat and promoting dampness: For jaundice due to damp heat, it can be decocted with fresh herbs and ginger, or used together with Capillaris and Polygonum cuspidatum.Removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding: used for vomiting blood, epistaxis, stranguria with blood, used alone, ground into powder for administration.

Modern commonly used in acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute mastitis, carbuncle furuncle, viral icteric hepatitis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g; or powdered, 3-6g; or pounded into juice; or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying; or decocted for fumigation and gargle.

[Cautions for use] Take it with caution for people with spleen and stomach deficiency.

[Modern Research] Contains sesquiterpene lactones, etc.It has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, etc.

For trichosanthum, see "Thunder Fire".It is the root of Cucurbitaceae Trichosantheshirilowii Maxim.It is produced in most parts of our country.

[Synonyms] Cuilougen, Gualou root, Baiyao, Ruixue, Tiangua powder, pollen, feces melon root, Trichosanthes powder.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, slightly bitter, sour, slightly cold.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and promoting body fluid: used for upset and thirsty due to febrile disease and body fluid injury, used alone or with reed rhizome, Adenophora, Radix Ophiopogon japonicus, Anemarrhena anemarrhena, and Rehmannia; cure thirst, if it belongs to deficiency of both qi and yin , often compatible with astragalus, Anemarrhena, kudzu root, schisandra, etc., such as Yuye Decoction ("Medical Zhongzhong Shenxilu"); if it is caused by excessive fire in the lung and stomach, yin deficiency and fluid injury, it is often compatible with Coptidis, Shengdi, lotus root Juice, etc., such as Xiaokefang ("Danxi Xinfa").In addition, it is compatible with Fritillaria, Gualou, Asparagus, Ophiopogon japonicus, Shengdi, etc., and it can clear the lungs and moisten the lungs, and treat lung heat and dry cough.Reducing swelling and discharging pus: used for sores and swelling, mastitis, often combined with Yinhua, Fritillaria, etc., if it dissipates within the body ("Yizong Jinjian"), it can also be used alone, or mixed with Chixiaodou equal amount of powdered vinegar Paint it.

Modern commonly used in diabetes, acute mastitis, acute bronchitis, pneumonia and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-12g; or into pills or powder.External application: grind into powder and sprinkle or apply.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated in patients with spleen and stomach deficiency and loose stools.

【Modern Research】Contains trichosanthin protein, saponin and a large amount of starch.Trichosanthin protein can kill the fetuses of pregnant dogs and mice, has a certain effect on malignant mole and choriocarcinoma, and slightly inhibits transplanted liver cancer solid tumors.Tianhuafen decoction can inhibit B-hemolytic streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Corynebacterium diphtheriae in vitro.

See "Emergency Prescriptions for Emergencies · Food Treatment" for coriander.It is the whole plant of the perennial herbaceous plant Coriander Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.Distributed in East China, Central China, South China, and Southwest China.

[Synonym] Yicao, Gypsophila, Broken Copper Coins, Chicken Sausage Vegetables, Pudi Brocade, Fine Leaf Money Chisel, Landing Money, Passing Centipede Grass, Typhoid Grass, Small Leaf Broken Copper Coins.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, cold.Return liver, gallbladder, kidney, bladder, large intestine channel.

(End of this chapter)