Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 33 Five Paintings (4)
【Efficacy and application】Resolving phlegm and resuscitating: used for dizziness, drowsiness, and forgetfulness caused by phlegm, dampness and turbidity. "); used for phlegm-heat blinding, high fever, coma, delirium, compatible with Pinellia, Curcuma, Bamboo Lek, etc., such as Changpu Yujin Decoction ("Complete Book of Febrile Diseases"); used for apoplexy with phlegm obsessed with heart orifices and confusion , the tongue is strong without speaking, it can be used with Pinellia, Aracea, Juhong, etc., such as Ditan Decoction ("Jisheng Fang"); it is used for phlegm heat, madness, and it can be compatible with Polygala, Cinnabar, Pig Tieluo, etc., such as Pig iron drop drink ("Medical Mind").Resolving dampness and harmonizing middle: used for stagnation of qi due to dampness, not thinking about eating, fullness and pain in the abdomen, often compatible with magnolia officinalis, atractylodes atractylodes, tangerine peel, wuyu, Cyperus cyperi, etc. Coptis chinensis, Poria cocos, and ginseng are equally used, such as Kaishensan ("Medical Mind Enlightenment").Ningshen Yizhi: used for insomnia and amnesia, often used together with ginseng, Poria cocos, calamus, polygala, etc. , can be compatible with ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala, longan meat, jujube seed, poria cocos, cinnabar, etc., such as Anshen Dingzhi pill ("Zero Disease Origin and Flow Rhinoceros Candle").

Modern commonly used in epilepsy, schizophrenia, neurasthenia, senile dementia, sequelae of concussion, ADHD in children, gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis, paralytic ileus, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 5-8g (double for fresh products).External application: Appropriate amount, decocted for washing or powdered for applying.

[Cautions for use] Use with caution in patients with yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity, irritability, excessive sweating, cough, hematemesis, and slippery semen.

【Modern Research】Contains volatile oil.It has a sedative effect on mice, can reduce spontaneous activity, and strengthen the hypnotic effect of pentobarbital.Its decoction has the effect of relaxing gastrointestinal smooth muscle spasm.Volatile oil can relieve tracheal and ileal spasms in isolated guinea pigs induced by acetylcholine, histamine or 5-HT.Oral administration of Shichangpu decoction can promote the secretion of digestive juice and prevent abnormal fermentation of the gastrointestinal tract.External use has a slight irritation to the skin and can improve local blood circulation. The 20% decoction obviously inhibits the germination of mung bean, and can completely kill the ascites cancer cells in mice in vitro.The high-concentration leachate has inhibitory effect on common pathogenic skin fungi.

For stone monkeys, see "Plant Research on Plant Names and Facts".The root tuber of the climbing vine Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg for the grape family.Distributed in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan and other places.

[Synonym] Clover, golden thread hanging gourd, silk thread hanging golden bell, stone mouse, snake monkshood, small flat rattan, mountain tiger, thunder courage.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, cool.Return liver, lung, spleen channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and detoxifying: for febrile convulsions, used alone, or used together with Uncaria and Aescin; used for carbuncle furunculosis, sore throat, scrofula, rubbed with water or wine. Affected part: used for lung-heat cough, compatible with melon seed gold and wolfberry root.Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain: for bruises, take powdered yellow rice wine alone; for liver depression and hypochondriac pain, decoct together with tiger thorn root and madder root.

Modern commonly used in epidemic meningitis, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, lymphatic tuberculosis, cellulitis, acute and chronic conjunctivitis, acute and chronic nephritis, mumps, etc.For nephritis, fresh root tubers and duck eggs in green shells can be boiled together; for mumps, root tubers and vinegar can be ground into a paste and applied externally to the affected area, 3 to 5 times a day.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 5-12g; or pounded into juice.External application: appropriate amount, grind the juice for application; or smash for application; or grind into powder and sprinkle.

【Caution】Not suitable for pregnant women.

【Modern Research】It has the effect of strengthening liver function.

For the pomegranate peel, see "Thunder Fire Treatise".It is the peel of Punicagranatum L., a deciduous shrub or tree of Pomegranate.It is grown in most parts of our country.

[synonym] pomegranate shell, sour pomegranate peel, sour pomegranate peel.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sour, astringent, warm.It is slightly poisonous.Return stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】Astringent intestinal antidiarrheal: used for chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, blood in the stool, prolapse of the anus, single-use ground powder for mixing or decocting, or it can also be used in formulas.For chronic dysentery, mix with coptis, phellodendron, angelica, etc., such as Coptis decoction ("Prescriptions for Prescriptions for Emergencies"); for prolapse of the anus, fry and wash with Chenbi soil and alum, then stir-fry and grind Galla chinensis and apply on it.Insecticide: used for roundworms and tapeworms, can be taken with betel nut in equal parts, decocted or ground into powder.In addition, pomegranate peel fried charcoal powder, mixed with sesame oil, can cure psoriasis and water and fire burns.

It is commonly used in modern times for bacillary dysentery, amoebic dysentery, enteritis, chronic appendicitis, multiple furunculosis, traumatic infection, etc.For the treatment of bacillary dysentery and amoebic dysentery, it can be used alone to make a 50% decoction, 10-20mL each time, 3-4 times a day, and 7-10 days is a course of treatment.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-10g; or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, powdered for application; or decocted for fumigation.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for those with early diarrhea.

【Modern Research】Contains tannins, isoquercitrin, etc.Significantly inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro effect.It also has inhibitory effect on most pathogenic fungi.Its antibacterial effect may be related to the large amount of tannin contained in it.It also has inhibitory effect on influenza virus.

For pomegranate root, see "Book of Materia Medica".It is the root bark of the pomegranate Punica granatum L.

[synonym] pomegranate root bark, sour durian root.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, astringent, warm.It is slightly poisonous.Return stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】Astringent intestinal antidiarrheal: used for chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, red and white leukorrhea, decocted alone, or powdered for consumption.Insecticide: for roundworms, tapeworms, single-use decoction.In addition, it can be used with money grass to treat stone drenching.

现代常用于蛔虫病、绦虫病、慢性肠炎、泌尿系结石等。治疗绦虫病，可取干根皮25g，浸泡1日后，文火煎至100mL，于上午9时顿服。服药前1日不进晚餐。服药当日早晨及服药后2小时各服硫酸镁20～25g。如绦虫头部未排出，隔3～4周再行第2次治疗。

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-12g.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for those with unresolved constipation and diarrhea.

[Modern Research] Contains isogarnetine, tannins, etc.Isogarnetine has a killing effect on tapeworms.In vitro tests have antibacterial and antiviral effects.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for dragon teeth.It is a tooth fossil of ancient mammals such as elephants, rhinos, deer, cattle, and three-toed horses.Mainly produced in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Hubei and other places.

[Synonym] Raw dragon teeth, calcined dragon teeth.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, astringent, cool.GUIXIN, Liver Channel.

【Efficacy and application】Suppressing convulsions and calming the nerves: used for convulsions, mania, palpitations, upset, insomnia, dreaminess, single use, or with Fushen, Uncaria, cinnabar, iron powder, etc., such as Longchi Pills ("Shengji") General Record").If you are in a trance and forgetful, and have insufficient energy and blood, you can use ginseng, angelica, jujube seed, polygala, etc., such as Guishen Dan ("Shi Yi De Xiao Fang"); if your heart is not enough to cause palpitations, insomnia and dreaminess, you can use ginseng , cinnabar, calamus, etc., such as Yuanzhi pills ("Zhang's Yitong").In addition, if it is mixed with Poria cocos, white monkshood, cicada slough, and licorice in equal amounts, it can be used as mint soup to treat children with convulsions and night crying, such as Longchisan ("Taiping Shenghui Fang").

Modern commonly used in neurasthenia, mania, insomnia and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9~15g (it should be crushed and decocted first).

[Modern Research] Mainly contains calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate and so on.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for the keel.It is the skeleton fossil of ancient mammals such as elephants, rhinoceros, deer, cattle, and three-toed horses.

[synonym] raw keel, forged keel.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, astringent, flat.GUIXIN, liver, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Calm and tranquilize the mind: used for restlessness, palpitations, insomnia, convulsions, and mania, often used together with cinnabar, polygala, calamus, etc.Hyperactivity of heart-fire, vexation and insomnia, compatibility with coptis, gardenia, etc.; blood not nourishing the heart, palpitations and insomnia, compatibility with angelica, jujube seed, etc.Suppressing liver and subduing yang: used for deficiency of liver and kidney yin, hyperactivity of deficiency yang, dizziness, irritability, tinnitus and swollen eyes. Xifeng Decoction ("Medicine in Chinese and Western Records").Astringent and astringent, used for spontaneous sweating, night sweats, nocturnal emission, enuresis, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery and ulcers that persist for a long time.For qi deficiency and spontaneous perspiration, it can be combined with astragalus and Atractylodes macrocephala; for yin deficiency and night sweats, it can be combined with Shengdi and Ophiopogon japonicus; "); qi deficiency, women with uterine bleeding, it is often compatible with astragalus, palm, atractylodes macrocephala, sea octopus, etc., such as Guchong Decoction ("Medical Zhongzhong Shenxilu"); enuresis, it can be combined with mulberry octopus, etc. Serve as the end, take it with salt soup; for chronic diarrhea and dysentery, it can be mixed with red stone fat, etc.; for long-term ulcers, it can be taken internally or externally.In addition, powdered with oysters and oysters can be used to treat dampness and itching of the scrotum.

Modern commonly used in neurasthenia, epilepsy, schizophrenia, ADHD, autism, gastrointestinal neurosis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, eczema, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 10-15g (should be crushed and decocted first); or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, ground into powder and applied; or adjusted for applying.Calming the nerves and calming the liver should be used raw; astringent and astringent should be used for calcining.

[Cautions for use] It is contraindicated for those with dampness and heat.

[Modern Research] Contains calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate and a small amount of iron, potassium, sodium, etc.It has a sedative effect and can shorten the clotting time.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for gentian.It is the root and rhizome of Gentianascabra Bye. or Gentianatriflora Pall., a perennial herb of the family Gentianaceae.Gentian is distributed in the north and south of my country; Sanhua Gentian is distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other places.

[synonym] gentian, bitter gentian, gall grass, mountain gentian, four-leaf gall, water gentian.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return liver, gallbladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and dampness: used for damp-heat jaundice, vaginal swelling, vaginal itching, leucorrhea, and eczema.To treat jaundice, it is often used together with Capillaris, Gardenia, Banlangen, and Desmodium; to treat vulvar swelling, itching, leucorrhea, and eczema, it is often compatible with Phellodendron Phellodendron, Sophora flavescens, etc., and can be taken orally or washed externally.Clearing liver-fire: used for hypochondriac pain, bitter mouth, dizziness, headache, tinnitus, deafness, red eyes, excessive heat in the liver meridian, hyperpyrexia, convulsions, and tetany caused by excess fire in the liver and gallbladder.For liver and gallbladder excess fire, it is often combined with Bupleurum, Scutellaria, Gardenia, etc., such as Longdan Xiegan Decoction ("Yizong Jinjian"); for liver meridian heat and wind, it is often used together with Uncaria, Calculus Bezoar, and Coptis chinensis , such as Liangjing Wan ("Pediatric Medicine Syndrome Straight Jue").

It is commonly used in modern times for hepatitis, cholecystitis, otitis media, meningitis, Japanese encephalitis, high blood pressure, urinary tract infection, genital eczema, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-9g; or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, ground into powder, pounded for applying or adjusted for applying.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for those with spleen and stomach deficiency.

[Modern Research] Contains gentiopicroside, gentianine base and gentiotriose.Gentiana is bitter in taste and has the function of invigorating the stomach. Taking a small amount before eating can stimulate the secretion of gastric juice. The test of artificial gastric fistula in dogs proves that gentiopicroside can promote the secretion of gastric juice and free acid.Injection of gentian grass injection in mice has a certain protective effect on liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride.Giving gentian injection to the duodenum of healthy and liver-damaged rats, or intravenous injection to healthy dogs, can significantly increase bile flow.Animal experiments have also proved that gentian has obvious diuretic effect, which can lower the blood pressure of rabbits.Gentianine has an excitatory effect on the central nervous system of mice.The test tube method proves that Gentian decoction has different degrees of inhibitory effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Proteus, and Staphylococcus aureus.

For Solanum nigrum, see "On the Properties of Medicine".It is the whole herb of Solanum nigrum L., an annual herbaceous plant of Solanaceae.It is distributed all over the country.

【Synonym】Bitter Kuwait, Tianbaozi, Tianpaocao, Tianpaoguo, Black Eggplant, Heitianke, Black Girl, Longfucao, Black Eggplant, Dipaozi, Mountain Pepper, Wild Grape.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return lung, spleen, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxifying: it can be used for heat-toxin carbuncle, furuncle, mastitis, erysipelas, snakebite, smashed fresh grass for external application; to treat cancer, it can be used with Scutellaria barbata and Comfrey.Promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling: For bruises, blood stasis, swelling and pain, fresh herbs, scallions and scallions, and appropriate amount of distiller's grains are smashed together and applied.Diuresis and swelling: used for dysuria and edema, it can be used with genkwa and akebia.In addition, it can eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, and can be used for cough with excessive phlegm. It can be compatible with Platycodon grandiflorum and licorice; decoction alone has a certain therapeutic effect on itchy skin lesions.

现代常用于皮肤化脓性感染、急性乳腺炎、慢性气管炎、急性肾炎、蛇咬伤、癌症。治癌肿，可用鲜草60g（干品30g）、鲜半枝莲120g（干品60g）、紫草15g，每日2次煎服。治疗恶性葡萄胎、子宫绒毛膜癌、卵巢癌、肝癌更可配合手术切除、化疗、放射治疗。

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying or decocted for washing.

[Cautions for use] Do not take too much orally. Too much can cause headache, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, mydriasis, mental confusion and other poisoning reactions. Long-term use can lead to a decrease in white blood cells.

[Modern Research] Contains alkaloid glycosides solanine, Australian solanine, Australian solanine and other alkaloids.Also contains saponins, vitamin A, vitamin C and so on.Solanum nigrum decoction has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella, Salmonella typhi, Proteus, Escherichia coli and so on.Solanum nigrum has antitussive and expectorant effects.Australian solanine has an exciting effect on the heart.A small amount can enhance the excitatory process of the central nervous system of animals (rats, rabbits), and a large amount can enhance the inhibitory process and reduce blood coagulation.

Agave grass see "Compendium of Materia Medica".It is the whole plant of Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers., a 1-year-old submerged herbaceous plant in the family Hydrochardaceae.Distributed in fresh water and ponds all over the country.

[Synonym] Dragon Snake Grass, Dragon Claw Grass, Dragon Claw Vegetable, Mountain Nest Chicken.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, light, slightly cold.Return lung, spleen, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and reducing phlegm: used for coughing due to lung heat, coughing up yellow and thick phlegm, it can be compatible with melon, Fritillaria, Scutellaria baicalensis, etc.To detoxify and eliminate carbuncle: for carbuncle sores, it can be ground and honeysuckle with honeysuckle vine, or used with dandelion, honeysuckle, diding, etc.; for water and fire burns, it can be ground with a little borneol and mixed with sesame oil.Diuresis and swelling: used for edema and difficulty urinating, it can be compatible with Poria cocos, plantain, Alisma, calamus, etc.

Modern commonly used in acute and chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis, carbuncle furuncle, burns and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15~30g.External application: appropriate amount, crushed for applying; or powdered for applying.

【Modern Research】It has inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

For longan leaves, see "Southern Yunnan Ben Cao Tu Shuo".It is the leaves or shoots of Euphorialungan (Lour.) Steed., an evergreen tree of Sapindaceae.Distributed in Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan and other places.

[Sexual ignorance returns to the meridian] sweet, light, flat.Return lung, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Expelling wind and resolving exterior syndrome: It is used for the prevention and treatment of exogenous exterior syndrome, decocted with water alone as tea, or used in combination.Clearing away heat and promoting dampness: For damp heat in the bladder, dripping and astringent pain in urination, decocted alone; for eczema of the scrotum, decocted to wash the affected area.Cutting malaria and killing insects: For malaria cold and fever, it can be fried with sesame seeds and taken 2 hours before the onset of malaria.

Modern commonly used in the prevention and treatment of colds, influenza, urethritis, malaria and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g.External application: decoct in water to wash the affected area; or grind into powder for application.

[Modern Research] Contains sitosterol, stigmasterol, stigmasterol glucoside, epibroterol, quercetin, quercetin, etc.

(End of this chapter)