Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 41 Five Paintings (12)
[Modern Research] The whole plant contains flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, steroids, amino acids, orchid vanilloid sodium, etc.In vitro tests, it has obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and also has certain effects on Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella and beta-hemolytic streptococcus. Higher concentrations are bactericidal and lower concentrations are bacteriostatic.In vivo experiments have shown that it has a good therapeutic effect on Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice, and can save most animals from death.For mice with chronic bronchitis stimulated by ammonia water, oral administration of Lanxiangcao decoction has antitussive effect.

Pinellia see "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic".It is the tuber of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., a small perennial herbaceous plant of Araceae.It is distributed in most parts of our country.

【Synonym】Fa Pinellia, Ginger Pinellia, Qing Pinellia, Zhi Pinellia, Pinellia Qu, Bamboo Lek Pinellia, Raw Pinellia, Three-leaf Pinellia, Dizi Mushroom.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, warm.It is slightly poisonous.Return spleen, stomach, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and application】Drying dampness and resolving phlegm: It is used for coughing with excessive phlegm caused by spleen dampness and phlegm retention, coughing and panting, or phlegm reversing head dizziness. It is often compatible with tangerine peel, Poria, and licorice, that is, Erchen Decoction "Taiping Huimin Heji Bureau Prescription"); if it belongs to external cold and internal drink, and the phlegm is clear and thin, it can be compatible with dried ginger, asarum, etc., such as Xiaoqinglong Decoction ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"); if it is phlegm-heat cough, It can also be combined with Gualou and Scutellaria baicalensis, such as Qingqi Huatan Wan ("Yi Fang Kao"); if it is wind-phlegm, vomiting, dizziness and headache, it can be compatible with Atractylodes macrocephala, Gastrodia elata, etc., such as Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction ("Yi Fang Kao") Medical Mindfulness").Relieve nausea and stop vomiting: It is used for a variety of vomiting and adverse syndromes, especially suitable for vomiting caused by cold stomach, phlegm, dampness and turbidity blocked in the stomach. It is often compatible with ginger, that is, Xiaobanxia Decoction ("Golden Chamber Synopses"); For vomiting, it can be used with Coptidis, Zhuru, etc., such as Coptidis Tangerine Peel and Zhuru Banxia Decoction ("Gu's Medical Mirror"); for stomach deficiency and vomiting, it is often compatible with Codonopsis, white honey, etc. "Kui Yao Lue"); for pregnancy vomiting, it can be combined with Su Geng, Amomum, etc.Dispelling pimples and dissipating stagnation: used for chest and abdominal pain caused by internal resistance of phlegm and dampness, cold and heat, often combined with Gualou and Coptis chinensis, that is, Xiaoxianxiong Decoction ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"); Nuclear gas, often used with Magnolia officinalis, Su Ye, Poria cocos, etc., such as Banxia Magnolia Decoction ("Golden Chamber Synopses").If it is used with kelp, seaweed, and fritillaria, it can also treat phlegm and scrofula.In addition, raw pinellia and raw southern star are studied together, mixed with vinegar, can detoxify and reduce swelling, and treat carbuncle without ulceration; mash and knead with scallion white to form a ball, plug the nostril on the opposite side of the affected breast, and can cure mastitis.

In modern times, it is commonly used for acute and chronic bronchitis, pertussis, otic vertigo, various vomiting, carbuncle without ulceration, acute and chronic suppurative otitis media.To treat pus in the ear of otitis media, grind the powder and soak it in 50% ethanol (1 part pinellia, 3 parts ethanol) or rice wine, soak for more than 24 hours, take the upper clear liquid and drop it into the ear (when using it, wash it with hydrogen peroxide solution first) external auditory canal), a few drops each time, 1-2 times a day.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 4.5-9g; or into pills or powder.External application: Appropriate amount, powdered for applying; pounded and kneaded for nasal congestion; or soaked in ethanol for ear drops.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for yin deficiency with heat, dryness of the lungs, dry cough, thirst for fluid wounds and all blood syndromes.Anti-aconitum.

[Modern Research] Contains volatile oil, various amino acids, alkaloids, saponins, polysaccharides, fats, amylose, etc.In animal experiments, the decoctions of raw pinellia, ginger pinellia, ginger soaked pinellia and alum pinellia have obvious antitussive effect and can last for more than 5 hours.Salivary secretion has a significant inhibitory effect.Various preparations processed by heating or adding alum and ginger juice have certain antiemetic effects on vomiting caused by dehydrated morphine, digitalis, and copper sulfate.The mechanism of action of the above three kinds of emetic is different, and pinellia can show antiemetic effect.It can be inferred that its antiemetic mechanism is the inhibition of the vomiting center.Raw Pinellia and Pinellia fluid extract treated at low temperature have emetic effect when taken orally.When the raw pinellia powder is baked at 3°C for 120 to 2 hours, the antiemetic effect still exists, but the emetic effect disappears.It can be seen that its antiemetic ingredients are heat-resistant, and the emetic ingredients are not heat-resistant.The ethanol or water extract of Pinellia palmata has obvious inhibitory effect on animal experimental tumors (S3, HCA and U180) and HeLa cells.Trigonelline, a quaternary ammonium alkaloid isolated from the water-soluble part, also has obvious inhibitory effect on mouse liver cancer (HCA).

See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for lobelia.It is the whole plant of Lobelia chinensis Lour., a perennial vine herb of Campanulaceae.Distributed throughout the Jiangnan and Yangtze River basins.

[Synonym] Banbianhua, Guaren Grass, Chrysanthemum Grass, Dehydrated Grass, Spartina.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, cool.GUIXIN, small intestine, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: used for furunculosis, mastitis, snake and insect bites, decocted with fresh grass alone, or pounded juice for oral administration, and dregs for external application.Diuresis and swelling: used for edema and swelling, diarrhea, dysentery, alone or in combination.To treat edema and swelling, it is often used together with Poria, Polyporus, Imperatae, Alisma, and Dabupi.

In modern times, it is often used for snake bites, boils, edema in acute nephritis, advanced schistosomiasis, ascites due to liver cirrhosis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 10-15g (fresh grass: 30-60g).External application: Appropriate amount, smashed and applied to the affected area.

【Caution】It should not be used for asthenic edema.

[Modern Research] Contains alkaloids, flavonoid glycosides, saponins, amino acids, etc.Animal experiments, as well as oral administration of lobelia to normal people, have significant and lasting diuretic effects.Lobelia decoction is taken orally and has a laxative effect.Lobelialine has a transient enhancement effect on the tension and peristalsis of the isolated rabbit intestine in a small amount, and then inhibits it.In large amounts, it has an anesthetic effect.In vitro tests, Lobelia decoction has obvious inhibitory effect on common pathogenic fungi.It also has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

For Scutellaria barbata, see "Jiangsu Province Plant Medicinal Materials Chronicle".It is the whole plant of Scutellaria barbata D.Don., a perennial herb of Lamiaceae.Distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and various places in the south of the Yangtze River.

[Synonym] Bingtoucao, Toothbrush Grass, Xiaohanxincao, Xiaoergoucao, Jingouer, Earfangcao, Ergoucao, Mountain Whip, Sifang Malan.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, cool.Return lung, kidney, liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxifying: for heat-toxin sores and herpes zoster, use fresh grass to mash and apply externally, and decoct it; for sore throat, decoct it with verbena and a little salt, or with mountain Compatible with bean root, native hyssop, isatidis, shegan, honeysuckle, etc.; for pulmonary abscess, stewed lean pork alone (without salt), or decocted with houttuynia cordata and golden buckwheat; for intestinal abscess, it can be used with white flower Hedyotis is equivalent.Dispersing blood stasis and stopping bleeding: used for bruises, hematemesis due to blood heat, epistaxis, and stranguria with blood.Treat bruises, can be used with frankincense, myrrh, etc.; treat blood heat, vomiting, bleed, etc., use fresh products alone to pound the juice, or combine with large thistle, arborvitae leaves, and rhizoma rhizome.Diuretic and swelling: used for dysuria and edema, alone or in combination with Poria cocos, Alisma, lobelia, and psyllium.

In modern times, it is commonly used for boils, carbuncles, herpes zoster, tonsillitis, lung abscess, acute appendicitis, bruises, hemorrhage, nephritis, liver cirrhosis, ascites, and cancer.Treat gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, etc., alone, or with Lobelia, Hedyotis diffusa, Aescin and other medicines.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g (double for fresh products); or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, fresh products smashed for applying.

[Cautions for use] Use with caution in those who are physically weak and pregnant women.

[Modern Research] Contains safflower, isosafflor, alpine scutellarein, stearic acid, β-sitosterol, etc.It has anticancer, antibacterial, antispasmodic, expectorant and immunomodulatory effects.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for prawns.It is the meat or whole body of Penaeus orientalis Kishinouye.

[synonym] sea shrimp, prawn, prawn, white shrimp.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, salty, warm.Return kidney, Liver Channel.

【Efficacy and application】Reinforcing kidney and supporting yang: used for impotence due to deficiency of the kidney, soaked in alcohol alone, stir-fried, or stewed with sparrow meat and rice wine.Essence-enhancing milk: It can be used with dandelion and white peony for postpartum with less milk.

It is commonly used in modern times for sexual dysfunction and oligogalactia.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g; cooking; or soaking in wine.

[Modern Research] Contains protein, fat, sugar (carbohydrate), calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, etc.It has a contractile effect on smooth muscle and promotes milk secretion.

See "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" for loofah.It is the fresh and tender fruit of the 1-year-old climbing herbaceous plant Luffacylindrica (L) Roem. or Luffa acutangula Roxb. of Cucurbitaceae; or the mature fruit that dries up after frost.The former is cultivated all over the country; the latter is mainly produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and other places.

[synonym] day loofah, day Diaogua.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cool.Return liver, stomach, lung, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and resolving phlegm: It is used for phlegm-heat, asthma and cough, and it is often used with Gualou, loquat leaves, scutellaria baicalensis, and Morus alba.Cooling blood and detoxification: used for intestinal wind and blood, forged for preservation, mixed with alcohol; used for blood metrorrhagia, often mixed with palm charcoal as powder, mixed with alcohol; used for furuncles, carbuncle furuncle, single-use pounded juice frequently Wipe it, or mix it with Galla powder.In addition, the calcined powdered wine is mixed and taken, and it can cure the milk barrier.

Modern commonly used in acute bronchitis, boils and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g (60-120g for fresh ones); or burn charcoal and grind into powder.External application: appropriate amount, pounded into juice for application; or powdered for application.

【Modern Research】Contains saponins, luffa bitterness, etc.It has anti-JE virus and anti-allergic effects.

See "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" for loofah leaves.It is the leaf of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roam. or Luffa cylindrica Rob.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, slightly cold.Return liver, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for carbuncle sores, use fresh leaves alone to mash for application, or mash very well, add alum and a little realgar and apply to the affected area; for water and fire burns, it can be ground together with rhubarb, Phellodendron, and Coptis chinensis, and sesame oil Mixing and coating; for mumps, equal amounts of fresh leaves and fresh duckweed can be smashed and applied externally.Cooling blood for hemostasis: For wound bleeding, use ground powder for external application and bandage; for metrorrhagia, use fried black alone, grind it into powder, and drink it with wine.Clearing heat and relieving summer heat: used for excessive thirst due to heat, used alone, or mixed with ebony plum.

In modern times, it is commonly used in carbuncle furuncle, burns, mumps, traumatic bleeding, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-15g (15-60g for fresh products); or pounded into juice; or ground into powder.External application: appropriate amount, decocted for washing; or smashed for applying; or powdered for applying.

【Modern Research】Contains triterpenoids and their saponins.

For loofah, see "Renewing Materia Medica".It is the vascular bundle of the mature fruit of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roam., a plant of Cucurbitaceae.

[synonym] loofah net, loofah shell, melon network, loofah tendon, loofah flesh.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cool.Return lung, stomach, liver channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Through the meridians and activate the collaterals: used for chest and hypochondrium pain caused by meridian block, chest obstruction and heart pain, rheumatism arthralgia, contraction of meridians, numbness of limbs, and poor milk flow.For chest and hypochondriac pain, it is often combined with turmeric, Citrus aurantii, Platycodon grandiflorum, etc.; for chest pain and heart pain, it is often combined with tangerine root, salvia, and scallion; Rattan, etc.; to treat poor breast milk, it is often compatible with Passepartout, pangolin, and blanc.Detoxification and swelling: used for carbuncle sores, mastitis, often used with honeysuckle, forsythia, dandelion, etc.Heat-clearing and phlegm-resolving: used for phlegm-heat cough, often used together with Trichosanthes, Fritillaria, and Morus Alba.

In modern times, it is often used for acute mastitis, milk blockage, bronchitis, pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, carbuncle furuncle, coronary heart disease, sciatica, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 5-15g; or burned into powder, 1.5-3g each time.External application: appropriate amount, calcined; powdered for applying.

For mother grass, see "Plant Name and Reality Map Test".It is the whole herb of Lindernia crustaced (L.) FM, a 1-year-old herb of Scrophulariaceae, distributed in southern China.

[Synonym] Sifangquancao, Shetongguan, Sifangcao, Padilian, Qitongcao.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return spleen, kidney, liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and promoting dampness: for damp-heat diarrhea, it can be decocted with kudzu root, purslane, and old tea leaves, or compatible with Pteris vulgaris and wild amaranth; for edema, dysuria, it can be used with fresh purslane Amaranth soaked in wine and taken; used for women's leukorrhagia, and can be used together with purslane.Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis: used for irregular menstruation, bruises, single-use decoction.In addition, fresh grass and a little salt can be smashed and applied to cure boils.

In modern times, it is often used for acute enteritis, bacillary dysentery, leukorrhea, irregular menstruation, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 10-15g (30-60g for fresh products); or grind into powder; soak in wine.External application: appropriate amount of fresh products, pounded for applying.

[Modern Research] Contains sorbose, glucose, cystine, glutamic acid, etc.

For mother Lilac, see "Theory of Lei Gong's Cannonball".It is the fruit of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Mere.et Perry.It is mainly produced in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the coastal countries of East Africa, and it is also introduced in Hainan, my country.

[Synonym] Chicken tongue fragrance, female clove.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, warm.Return lung, spleen, stomach, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】Warming the middle and lowering the adverse: it is used for stomach cold and vomiting, violent heart pain, and diarrhea.To treat stomach cold and nausea, it can be used together with orange peel, and it can also be combined with persimmon stalks, ginseng, and ginger, such as clove persimmon stalk soup ("Zheng Yinmai Zhi"); It can be used in conjunction with Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes macrocephala, Amomum, etc. to treat deficiency and coldness of the spleen and stomach, vomiting and diarrhea, and lack of food.Warming the kidney and supporting yang: for impotence in men, it can be used in the same way as aconite, cinnamon, and Morinda officinalis; for women in yin and cold, it can be ground into bags and absorbed in yin.In addition, the boiled juice of this product contains it, which can also treat tooth decay and bad breath; decoction and rubbing on the affected part can cure tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea manuum, etc.

In modern times, it is mostly used for indigestion, acute gastroenteritis, and sexual dysfunction.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 2-5g; or grind into powder.External application: adjust for applying, or as suppository.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated in patients with heat syndrome and internal heat due to yin deficiency.

[Modern Research] Contains clove oil, mainly eugenol.It also contains tannins, oleanolic acid, etc.Clove oil can promote the secretion of gastric juice, stimulate gastrointestinal motility, relieve abdominal flatulence, and enhance digestion.The decoction has inhibitory effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus and skin fungi, and has obvious inhibitory effects on influenza virus.

(End of this chapter)