Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 53 Seven Paintings (1)
See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for malt.It is made by germination and drying of the caryopsis of the grass plant barley Hordeum vulgare L.Produced all over the country.

[synonym] raw malt, fried malt, barley tiller, barley wool, barley malt.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, slightly warm.Return spleen, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and Application】Stomach invigorating and eliminating food: used for food stagnation, indigestion, abdominal distension, vomiting, diarrhea, often used together with hawthorn and divine song; for children with milk accumulation that does not melt, it can be decocted and taken alone.Milk return: for galactostasis, breast tenderness or weaning, raw product 60-120g can be used alone, decocted in water.In addition, if this product is added to spleen-tonifying and Qi-invigorating medicines, it can nourish without stagnation and prevent abdominal distension; it can be used alone or in combination to treat liver-qi stagnation and liver-spleen disharmony.

In modern times, it is often used for indigestion, malnutrition, and women's regurgitation.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g (more than 60g for milk return); or into pills or powder.

[Cautions for use] It should be used with caution during lactation.

[Modern research] Contains amylase, invert sugar enzyme, lipase, protease and other enzymes, which can help digestion.It also contains hordenine, betaine, choline, adenine, amino acids, cytochrome C, vitamin B, vitamin D, vitamin E, phospholipids, maltose, glucose, etc.Also contains antifungal active ingredient hordeguanidine A, B and its glucoside.Oral administration of the infusion can lower blood sugar in rabbits and normal people.

See "Newly Revised Materia Medica" for wheat dendrobium.It is the whole herb of the evergreen herbaceous perennial plant Bullmphyllure inconspicuum Maxim.It is mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River.

[Synonym] Guoshangye, Qixiantao, Shidou, Qinglan, Xiaokouzilan, Shixiantao.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cool.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and Application】Moisturizing the lungs and resolving phlegm: used for dry cough and hemoptysis due to pulmonary tuberculosis.Used alone, or together with Ophiopogon japonicus and mulberry leaves; it can also be used in combination with Fritillaria, Baibu, etc.Nourish yin and nourish stomach: for yin deficiency and thirst, stomach pain, decocted with water alone.In addition, applying the same pestle with a little rock sugar to the affected area can cure facial boils; decocting it with water alone and taking it orally with a little salt can treat wind-fire toothache; use it with mountain bean root, platycodon grandiflorum, and licorice to treat sore throat.

In modern times, it is often used for tuberculosis hemoptysis, chronic sore throat, chronic gastritis, achlorhydria, loss of appetite, acute and chronic tonsillitis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for Maimendong.It is the root tuber of the perennial herb of Liliaceae Oph ipogon japonicus Ker-Gawl.It is distributed or cultivated in most parts of the country.

[Synonym] Ophiopogon japonicus, Cun Mai Dong, Cun Dong.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, slightly bitter, slightly cold.Return spleen, stomach, heart channel.

【Efficacy and application】Nourishing yin and moistening the lungs: used for dryness and injury of lung yin, dry cough with less phlegm, dry throat and thirst, red tongue with little moss, often used together with sand ginseng, Polygonatum odoratum, mulberry leaves, trichosanthin, lentils, licorice, such as Shashen Maidong Decoction ("Warm Disease Tiaodian"); it can also be used with asparagus and white honey, that is, Erdong Gao ("Zhang's Yitong").Yiwei Shengjin: used for deficiency of stomach yin, thirsty and dry tongue, often used together with Adenophora, Rehmannia, Polygonatum Polygonatum, such as Yiwei Decoction ("Febrile Diseases Discrimination").Clearing the heart and eliminating troubles: used for restlessness.For those with febrile disease and evil heat entering the camp, the body is hot at night and restless, it is often compatible with Shengdi, Yuanshen, Danshen, Zhuyexin, Huanglian, etc., such as Qingying Decoction ("Warm Disease Tiaodian"); to treat heart and kidney yin Deficiency, upset and insomnia, it can be compatible with Danshen, Fushen, Schisandra, Suanzaoren, Boziren, Polygala, Shengdi, Scrophulariae, etc., such as Buxin Dan ("Health Secret Section"). 0 Runchang laxative: It is used for intestinal dryness and constipation in the late stage of febrile disease, often used together with Shengdi and Scrophulariaceae.

Modern commonly used in gastric and duodenal ulcers, atrophic gastritis, tuberculosis hemoptysis, diabetes, habitual constipation and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-12g; or into pills or powder.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for those with spleen and stomach deficiency and diarrhea, and those with wind-cold phlegm and cough.

【Modern Research】Contains a variety of herbaceous glycosides, as well as β-sitosterol and its glucoside, stigmasterol, etc.Ophiopogon japonicus powder has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus albus and Escherichia coli in vitro; it can significantly improve hypoxia resistance to mice, so it may have a relieving effect on angina pectoris.Animal experiments have shown that it has the effect of raising blood sugar.

Polygala see "Shen Nong's Materia Medica".It is the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd., a perennial herbaceous plant of Polygalaceae.Mainly produced in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan and other places.

[synonym] polygala meat, bitter polygala, small grass root, polygala tube, broiled polygala, fried polygala.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, warm.Guixin, lung, kidney channel.

[Application] Nourish the heart and calm the nerves: It is used for palpitations and fear, restlessness, insomnia and forgetfulness. It is often used together with Codonopsis pilosula, Poria cocos, calamus, Zaoren, etc., such as Guipi Decoction ("Jisheng Fang").Eliminate phlegm and resuscitate: It is used for cough with excessive phlegm, coma caused by phlegm obstructing the heart orifice, and epilepsy.For cough with excessive phlegm, it is often compatible with pinellia, tangerine peel, almond, platycodon, aster, etc.; for coma and epilepsy, it is often compatible with turmeric, alum, calamus, etc.Reducing swelling and relieving pain: used for carbuncle, ulcer, swelling and poison, used alone as the end, soaked in wine and taken, and the residue is applied to the affected part, such as polygala wine ("San Yin Fang").

Modern commonly used in neurasthenia, neurosis, epilepsy, schizophrenia, sequelae of concussion, ADHD in children, chronic bronchitis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-9g; soak in wine; or into pills or powder.

[Cautions for use] Heart and kidney have fire, and those with yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity should not take it.

[Modern Research] Contains saponins, which can be hydrolyzed to obtain polygala saponins A and B.It also contains polygala alcohol, polygala fine-leaved base, fatty oil, resin, etc.The whole polygala and the skin have an expectorant effect.It has the effect of strengthening hypnotics on animals, and Polygala has anticonvulsant and hemolytic effects.Polygala saponins can stimulate the gastric mucosa and cause mild nausea, thus reflexively increasing bronchial secretion and having an expectorant effect.Decoction and liquid extract have excitatory effect on animal uterus.Ethanol extract liquid has inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacteria, Shigella, Salmonella typhi, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

See "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" for Eucommia.It is the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., a deciduous tree in Eucommiaceae.Mainly produced in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places.

[Synonym] Thick Eucommia, Cotton Eucommia, Stir-Fried Eucommia, Jiao Eucommia, Eucommia Charcoal, Kapok, Sizhong, Silk Cotton Skin, Pulled Silk Skin, Silk Linked Skin.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, slightly pungent, warm.Return liver, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】Replenishing liver and kidney, strengthening muscles and bones: used for various backaches.Insufficient liver and kidney, sore waist and knees, weakness of muscles and bones, impotence, frequent urination, it is often used with Morinda officinalis, aconite, curculigo, epimedium, rehmannia glutinosa, cornus, etc., such as Zanyudan ("Jingyue Quanshu"); For low back pain due to cold and dampness, it can be combined with Guizhi, Duhuo, Gentiana, etc.; for women with low back pain during menstruation, it can be combined with angelica, chuanxiong, and white peony;Strengthening the meridian and anti-fetus: used for kidney deficiency, fetal leakage, and restless fetal movement. It is often used together with Dipsacus and jujube meat, such as Duzhong Wan ("Syndrome and Treatment Guidelines").In addition, it can be used with Zi Shao, Shi Cassia, Achyranthes bidentata, Scutellaria baicalensis, Prunella vulgaris, etc. to treat dizziness caused by hyperactivity of liver yang; taking Eucommia ulmoides and pig's feet stewed soup can treat children with paralysis of lower limbs.

In modern times, it is often used for lumbar muscle strain, sciatica, osteoporosis, sequelae of polio, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, threatened abortion, infertility, bruises, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g; soak in wine; or into pills or powder.

[Cautions for use] This product is pungent and warm, and it should be used with caution in those with yin deficiency and hyperactivity of fire.

[Modern Research] Contains eucommia gum, as well as anti-hypertensive main components pinoresinol diglucoside, eucommia glucoside, harpaside acetate, etc.It has a long-lasting and weak blood pressure lowering effect on normal and hypertensive dogs.The antihypertensive effect of fried eucommia is greater than that of raw eucommia, and its decoction is stronger than that of tincture.It also has sedative, diuretic and anti-inflammatory effects on animals.

See Du Heng's "Bielu of Famous Doctors".It is the rhizome, root or whole plant of the perennial herbaceous plant Aristolochiaceae Asarumforbesii Maxim.Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hunan and other places.

[Synonyms] Soil Asarum, Horseshoe Fragrance, Ma Xin, Nan Asarum.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, warm.It is slightly poisonous.Return lung, Liver Channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Expelling cold: used for wind-cold headache, used alone as the end, mixed with hot wine, that is, Xianghan San ("Xinglin Abstract"); it can also be decocted with Chuanxiong and scallion.Dispelling phlegm and relieving asthma: used for cough and asthma due to excessive phlegm, used alone as a final dose; or combined with ephedra, cassia twig, dried ginger, etc.Pain relief: use caries and toothache, twist the fresh leaves and stuff them into the cavity; for pain of injury, use alone for swallowing, or smash the fresh products for external application.In addition, smashed and applied externally, it can also treat sores.

It is commonly used in modern times for colds, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, dental caries and toothache.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 1.5-6g; or powdered, 0.6-3g.External application: appropriate amount, fresh products smashed for applying.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for those with weak body, hyperhidrosis, cough and hemoptysis and pregnant women.

[Modern Research] Contains Duhengsu A, B, C, D, elemenin, volatile oil, etc.It has sedative, anticonvulsant, analgesic, lipid-lowering, anti-allergic effects.

Rhododendron see "Compendium of Materia Medica".It is the flower or fruit of the evergreen or semi-evergreen shrub Rhododendron simsii Planch.It is mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River Basin.

[Synonyms] Yanshanhua, Qingminghua, Yingshanhong, Shanxiu, Primula.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sour, flat.It is slightly poisonous.Return liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】Promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation: for irregular menstruation, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, decocted with water alone; for bruises, take 1.5g of azalea, powdered wine and swallowed.Hemostasis with blood: for hematemesis and epistaxis, decoct 15-30g fresh flowers in water.In addition, taking it alone with soaking in wine can also treat rheumatic arthralgia.

Modern commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, chronic bronchitis, traumatic pain, irregular menstruation, etc.

【Usage and Dosage】Flower: Decoction, 15-30g; Fruit: Powdered, 0.9-1.5g.

【Caution】Not suitable for pregnant women.

【Modern Research】Glycosides containing cyanidin and rhododendron.The decoction and extract have antitussive and expectorant effects on mice.

For rhododendron leaves, see "Zhejiang Folk Medicines Commonly Used".It is the leaf of Rhododendron simsii Planch.

[Meridians of ignorance of nature] acid, flat.poisonous.Return lung meridian.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for carbuncle and furuncle, just use an appropriate amount of fresh product, pound and apply to the affected area.Convergence and hemostasis: used for traumatic bleeding, fresh products are smashed, and externally applied to wounds.In addition, it can also reduce phlegm and relieve cough, and it can be used for coughing with excessive phlegm. It can be taken alone by soaking in wine, or it can be used with five-finger hair peach, Houttuynia cordata, and Huluzi; decocting water for bathing can cure rubella.

Modern commonly used in chronic bronchitis, urticaria, boils and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g; or soaked in wine.External application: Appropriate amount, pounded for applying or decocted for bathing.

[Modern Research] Contains azalea alcohol, azalea alcohol glycosides, coumarin, triterpenoids, etc.Has expectorant and antitussive properties.

Rhododendron root see "Zhejiang Folk Medicines".It is the root or root bark of Rhododendron simsii Planch.

[Synonym] Fanshanhu, Soushanhu.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sour, sweet, warm.Return liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】Hemostasis with blood: used for irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea and vomiting blood, epistaxis, blood in stool, metrorrhagia.To treat blood stasis and irregular menstruation, it can be compatible with fragrant tea root, motherwort, crescent moon, etc.; to treat epistaxis, it can be decocted with scutellaria baicalensis and Qingdai; to treat hematemesis, it can be decocted with lotus root or lotus leaf pedicle; Blood, can be decocted with Radix Rosa Radix Root, Pyllium pilosulae Root, Rubia Root, and Pueraria Puerariae; for treating menstrual flow, it can be decocted with Guanzhong Charcoal and Nepeta Charcoal.Reducing swelling and relieving pain: For rheumatic arthralgia, bruises, can be decocted with tiger thorn and red achyranthes bidentata in water and taken with wine.To treat bruises, an appropriate amount of fresh root bark and a little distiller's grains can also be smashed and applied externally.In addition, decoction alone can also treat diarrhea and dysentery.

In modern times, it is often used for irregular menstruation, metrorrhagia, enteritis, dysentery, bruises, rheumatoid arthritis, mastitis, etc.For the treatment of mastitis at the beginning, it can be decocted and taken alone, or fresh leaves can be smashed with Cyperus cyperi.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g, or soaked in wine.External application: smashed for applying.

【Caution】Not suitable for pregnant women.

For Chinese fir, see "Newly Revised Materia Medica".It is the heartwood and branches of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, an evergreen tree of the fir family.Distributed in the area south of Huaihe River and Qinling Mountains in my country.

[synonym] fir wood, fir wood.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, slightly warm.Return spleen, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】Expelling wind and dampness, reducing swelling and detoxification: used for lacquer sores, ecchymosis, urticaria, swollen and painful beriberi, single use or decocted soup for soaking.Warming the kidney and supporting yang: For impotence due to kidney deficiency, you can use 15g of this product and 90-120g of pig's trotters to fry for a long time, eat meat and drink soup.Lowering Qi to relieve pain: For hernia pain, it is often combined with Evodia rutaecarpa, Qingpi, fennel, orange core, dried ginger, and decoction.In addition, this product is calcined into powder, and sesame oil is applied to the affected area to cure burns.

It is commonly used in modern times for paint sores, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 30-60g; or calcined and powdered.External application: Appropriate amount, decocted for fumigation and washing; or burnt and ground into powder for applying.

[Modern Research] Contains volatile oils, mainly cedrol, limonene, eucalyptol, etc.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica Supplements" for Chinese fir oil.The oil leached from the wood of the fir Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.

[synonym] fir tree oil, fir resin, fir resin.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, slightly warm.Return kidney, small intestine, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】Diuresis and dampness: used for stranguria syndrome, difficulty urinating, single use, powdered and taken after mixing; for leukorrhea, single use, or combined with Cuscuta vine decoction and taken.Killing insects and treating tinea: It is used for all stubborn tinea, and can be dipped in oil and applied externally.

It is commonly used in modern times for urinary tract infection, enlarged prostate, and ringworm.For the treatment of enlarged prostate, 30g of Chinese fir oil is advisable, add an appropriate amount of sugar, decoct in water, twice a day.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-30g; or take after mixing.External application: Appropriate amount, apply to the affected area.

For red bayberry, see "Diet Therapy Materia Medica".It is the fruit of Myrica rubra Sieb.et Zucc., an evergreen tree of Myricaceae.Distributed in various places south of the Yangtze River.

[Synonyms] Shengshengmei, Baidimei, Zhuhong, Shumei.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, sour, warm.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and Application】Promoting body fluid and quenching thirst: used for body fluid injury, polydipsia, sore throat, raw food alone, or swallowed after salt and sugar pickling.Harmonizing Stomach and Dispelling Food: Used for loss of appetite, fullness and bloating, pickled food alone, or decocted with orange peel.In addition, it can also treat dysentery. It can be taken as powder or soaked in wine, or it can be decocted. Burning charcoal as powder and applying sesame oil can cure burns.

In modern times, it is mostly used for gastric and duodenal ulcers, fever and polydipsia, inflammation of the oral cavity and throat, and dysentery.

[Usage and Dosage] Oral administration: eat raw, soak in wine, pickle food or burn and grind into powder.External application: burned and stored into powder, adjusted for applying.

[Modern Research] Contains sugar, organic acid, monoglucoside and diglucoside of anthocyanins and trace amounts of myricetin.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for Yang Meigen.It is the root of Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc. Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, warm.Return stomach, liver channel.

【Efficacy and application】Regulating qi and harmonizing stomach: used for stagnation of qi and stomach pain, vomiting after eating, decocted alone, or stewed with chicken.Removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding: for vomiting blood and metrorrhagia, it can be stewed with meat; for hemorrhoid bleeding, it can be stewed with duck; for traumatic bleeding, it can be powdered and applied to the wound alone; for bruises, it can be decocted alone Water, fumigating and washing the wound.In addition, decocting with water alone, mixed with wine or brown sugar, can cure hernia; decocting and washing the affected area alone can cure ecchymosis.

Modern commonly used in gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, hemorrhage, bruises, hernia abdominal pain and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 30-60g fresh product; or powdered.External application: Appropriate amount, decocted for gargle; fumigated and washed; or burned into powder for application.

(End of this chapter)