Zi Zhi Tong Jian
Chapter 22 The Han Dynasty: The Banquet of the Hongmen
Chapter 22 The Han Dynasty: The Banquet of the Hongmen (10)
Class beyond
[Original text]
Emperor Xiaozhang of Han Suzong in the fifth year of founding
Banchao wanted to pacify the Western Regions, so he sent troops to Shangshu and said: "I saw that the late emperor wanted to open up the Western Regions, so he attacked the Xiongnu in the north and sent foreign troops to the west. Shi, Wusun, and Kang Jufu wished to be attached to each other, and wanted to work together to destroy Kucha and open up the Han Road. If Kucha is won, it will be one percent of those who have not been conquered in the Western Regions. Those who discussed in the past all said: "take 36 The name of the country is to break the right arm of the Xiongnu.' Today, all the countries in the Western Regions, since they entered the sun, they have all turned to Hua, the size is happy, and the tribute is endless. Only Yanqi and Qiuci have not obeyed. 36 people in front of the ministers and officials served as envoys Jueyu, facing hardships, has been guarding Shule alone for five years now. Hu Yi has a lot of love, and the officials are quite aware of it. When asked about the size of the city, they all say that they rely on the Han and the heavens. The mountains can be passed, and Kucha can be cut. Now it is advisable to worship Baiba, the servant of Kucha, as his king, and send him off with hundreds of horses, and join forces with other countries. They are good planners! I see that Shache and Shule have fertile fields and abundant grass and pastures. They are not comparable to Dunhuang and Shanshan. Their soldiers can be self-sufficient in food without spending on China. Moreover, the two kings, Gumo and Wensu, are especially tortoises. What I place here is not its kind, and it hates each other even more. It is bound to have someone who surrenders. If the two countries come to surrender, Kucha will be destroyed by itself. I hope that I will issue a chapter and refer to it. It is extremely sincere, and there is no hatred for death! The gods in the super area are special, and it is not convenient to steal and hope. Seeing that the Western Regions have been pacified, your majesty will hold a thousand-year-old cup, recommend the ancestral temple, and spread great joy to the world." Shu Zou, the emperor knew that his achievements could be accomplished, and he proposed to give it to the soldiers. .Pingling Xu Qian went to Shu, willing to work hard to assist Chao, the emperor regarded Qian as a false Sima, and sent punishment and righteousness to surpass thousands of people.First, Shache thought that the Han soldiers would not come out, so he surrendered to Kucha, and Fanchen, the captain of Shule, also rebelled.When Xu Qianshi arrived, Chao Sui and Gan attacked Fanchen, smashed him, and beheaded more than a thousand people.If you want to attack Kucha, Wusun should be strong because of its strength. It is said: "Wusun is a big country, and it can control [-] strings. Therefore, Emperor Wu's wife is a princess, and Emperor Xiaoxuan can use it. Now you can send envoys to comfort, Let's work together." Di Nazhi.
【Translation】
The first five years of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty (80 A.D.)
Ban Chao wanted to pacify the Western Regions, so he took the initiative to write a letter and said: "I privately think that the late emperor wanted to open up the Western Regions, so he attacked the Huns to the north and sent envoys to the west to establish diplomatic relations with other countries. So they belonged to the Han Dynasty. Now there are countries such as Jumi, Shache, Shule, Yueshi, Wusun and Kangju who are willing to return to the Han Dynasty again, and are preparing to unite forces to destroy Kucha in one fell swoop and level the obstacles on the way to the Han Dynasty .If we capture Kucha, only one percent of the Western Regions will not belong to the Han Dynasty. The predecessors said when talking about the Western Regions: "Winning 36 countries can be regarded as cutting off the Xiongnu." The right arm of the Han Dynasty.’ Now, from the sunset to the east, there is no country in the Western Regions who does not yearn to submit to the Han Dynasty. All the big and small countries are happy, and the tributes and offerings are endless. Only Yanqi and Qiuci refused to submit. I once led 36 My subordinates went to the remote Western Regions and suffered all kinds of hardships. It has been five years since I stayed in Shule alone. I still know the situation in the barbarian land quite well. Whether you ask the big countries in the Western Regions It is still a small country, and they will definitely answer unanimously: Relying on the Han Dynasty is like relying on the sky. This is enough to prove that Congling can be opened up, and Kucha can also be attacked. Now we should support Kucha and send it to the Han Dynasty to do it. The hostage prince, Baiba, became the king of Kucha, and then escorted him with hundreds of infantry cavalry, allowing him to unite with the countries of the Western Regions, and at most a few months to a year can capture Kucha. This strategy of using the barbarians to attack the barbarians, It is the most brilliant strategy among all the strategies! I saw that the land in Shache and Shule is fertile and vast, with rich water and grass, and flocks of cattle and sheep. They are not as barren as those in Dunhuang and Shanshan. And they can be completely self-sufficient. Moreover, the kings of Gumo and Wensu were specially appointed by Qiuci. They are not of the same race as the people of their own countries, and they hate and oppose each other. Forced by the situation, some people will definitely surrender voluntarily. If these two countries belong to the Han Dynasty, then Qiuci will be destroyed by itself. I hope that Your Majesty can submit my memorial to the court for discussion as a reference. If there is such a thing as feasible, I will die and die What is there to regret! But my minister Ban Chao is very lucky to be blessed by the gods. I hope I don’t fall down and die, because I want to see the surrender of the Western Regions with my own eyes. Make a sacrifice to the ancestral temple and announce this great joy to the people of the world." After the memorial was reported to Emperor Han Zhang, Emperor Han Zhang knew that this undertaking could be successful, so he called a group of ministers to discuss and planned to send troops to Ban Chao.Xu Gan, a native of Pingling, wrote to the emperor, willing to fight hard and be Ban Chao's entourage.So Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty appointed Xu Qian as the deputy Sima, and led exempted prisoners and volunteers who volunteered to join the army, a total of about 1000 people, waiting for Ban Chao to dispatch them to the Western Regions.Before that, Shache thought that the Han Dynasty would not send troops to the Western Regions, so he surrendered to Kucha, and Shule Duwei Fanchen also rebelled against the Han Dynasty.Just when Xu Gan and his party arrived, Ban Chao led them to attack Fanchen together.As a result, Fanchen was defeated, and more than 1000 people were beheaded.Ban Chao originally planned to attack Kucha in one fell swoop, but considering Wusun's strength was relatively strong, he should make full use of Wusun's strength, so he wrote: "Wusun is a big country with [-] bowmen, so Emperor Wu sent the princess Marry Wusun King as his wife. Later, when Emperor Xiaoxuan came, it finally achieved results. Now we should send envoys to appease and condolence, and win Wusun to work together with us." Emperor Zhang adopted his suggestion.
[Original text]
Emperor Suzong Xiaozhang of the Han Dynasty was founded in the eighth year of the first year.The emperor worshiped Ban Chao as the commander-in-chief of the army, took Xu Gan as the commander of the army, and sent Li Yi, the Marquis of Wei, to escort the Wusun envoy.When the city arrived at Yutian, it was time for Kucha to attack Shule, and he was afraid to go forward. Because he wrote to Chen that the achievements of the Western Regions could not be accomplished, he also slammed Chao: "Embrace your beloved wife, embrace your beloved son, and be happy in foreign countries, without any internal concerns." Wen Zhi sighed and said: "The body has not been involved in the past, but there are three slanders, I am afraid that it will be suspected at that time!" Then he left his wife.The emperor knew that Chao was loyal, so he blamed Yi and said: "There are more than a thousand people who love their wives and sons, and want to return home. How can they be in the same heart as Chao!" If the eunuch is outside, he will stay and work." Chao then sent the eunuch Wusun's servant back to the capital.Xu Qian said to Chao, "The former relatives of the city destroyed the emperor and wanted to defeat the Western Regions. Why don't you keep it because of the imperial edict, and send other officials to send the servants?" Therefore, send him now. Introspect without guilt, how can you be sympathetic to others! If you want to keep him, you are not a loyal minister."
In the first year of Emperor Xiaozhang of Emperor Suzong of the Han Dynasty, 800 generals including fake Sima He Gong were dispatched to Banchao, and Chaoyin sent troops from Shule and Yu Yu to attack Shache.Shache lured Wang Zhong of Shule with bribes, and Zhong rebelled against him. Following him, Xibaowujicheng.Chao Nai appointed Cheng Chengda, the prime minister of his mansion, as the king of Shule, and attacked those who did not rebel against him. People said that King Kangju was loyal to return to his country, and Wujicheng surrendered.
【Translation】
In the eighth year of the founding of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty (83 A.D.).Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty took Ban Chao as the commander of the army, Xu Qian as the commander of the army, and sent Li Yi, the guard, to escort the Wusun envoy back to the country.When Li Yi arrived in Khotan, it happened that Qiuci was attacking Shule. He did not dare to move forward because of fear, so he wrote a letter stating that the achievements of the Western Regions could not be successful, and wantonly slandered Ban Chao: "Ban Chao embraces his beloved wife and embraces his wife My son, enjoying peace in a foreign country, has no heart to miss the Central Plains." Ban Chao sighed after hearing the news: "I am not Zeng Shen, but I have been slandered three times by Zeng Shen, and I am afraid that I will be suspected by the court!" So he sent him off. left the wife.Emperor Zhang was well aware of Ban Chao's loyalty, so he severely reprimanded Li Yi and said: "Even if Ban Chao alone embraces his beloved wife and beloved son, there are still more than a thousand Han soldiers who miss their hometown. How can they be of one mind with Ban Chao! Emperor Zhang ordered Li Yi to go to Ban Chao to wait for dispatch, and issued an edict to Ban Chao: "If Li Yi is competent in the Western Regions, let him follow you." But Ban Chao immediately sent Li Yi to lead Wusun to the Han Dynasty. The prince who was a hostage returned to the capital together.Xu Qian asked Ban Chao: "Before Li Yi personally slandered you and tried to destroy our cause in the Western Regions. Why don't you use the imperial edict as an excuse to keep him and send other officials to escort the hostages?" Ban Chao said: "What do you mean? It’s too shallow! It’s because Li Yi slandered me that I’m sending him back now. I asked myself why I’m afraid of others’ comments because I’ve done what I’ve done so well! I kept Li Yi behind just to please myself , This is not what loyal ministers did."
The first year of Emperor Yuanhe of the Han Dynasty (84 AD).Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty sent deputy Sima He Gong and others to lead [-] reinforcements to enrich Ban Chao's team.Ban Chao then recruited troops from Shule and Khotan to attack Shache.Shache bribed Shule Wang Zhong with a lot of money, so Wang Zhong betrayed the Han Dynasty and followed Shache westward to Wuji City to defend it.Ban Chao immediately changed his post to Cheng Chengda of Shule Mansion as King Shule, and recruited all Shule soldiers who had not rebelled to attack Wang Zhong.At the same time, he sent people to persuade King Kang Ju to capture Wang Zhong and bring him back to his home country.Wujicheng then surrendered to Banchao.
[Comment and Analysis]
Yang Jiong, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, with the idea of making contributions, wrote the heroic poem "I would rather be a centurion than a scholar", inspiring himself to take up the sword and conquer the enemies in the northwest frontier.In fact, as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was such a scholar who joined the army. In order to pacify the Western Regions, he left the Central Plains and arrived in the Western Regions. This scholar was Ban Chao.As a scholar, Ban Chao made illustrious military exploits in the Western Regions thousands of miles away and fulfilled his grand ambition of becoming a Marquis.At that time, he took Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian as his models, and his achievements in history were not inferior to them.
Fan Pang's mother
[Original text]
The second year of Jianning, Emperor Xiaoling of the Han Dynasty
The governor of Runan, Wu Dao, was ordered to arrest Fan Pang. When he went to conquer Qiang, he embraced the imperial edict and closed the preaching house. He lay down on his bed and wept.Peng Wenzhi said: "It must be for me." That is to say, he went to prison.The county magistrate Guo Yi was shocked, and he went out, untied the seal and ribbon, and both of them died, saying: "The world is overwhelmed, why are you here!" The old mother is far away!" His mother said goodbye to him, and Pang Bai's mother said: "Zhongbo is filial, enough to support him. Pang returns from Lord Longshu to Huangquan, and everyone has his own place. But the lord cut off the unbearable kindness, don't increase your sympathy!" Zhong Bo is also Pang's younger brother.Lord Long Shu is also the prime minister of Pang's father Long Shuhou.Mother said: "you have the same name as Li and Du now, so why don't you hate death! Since you have a command name, you can have both if you ask for a longevity test!"Gu Qizi said: "I want to make you do evil, but you must not do evil; if I make you do good, then I will not do evil."
All the party members died with more than a hundred people, and their wives moved to the side. The world's heroes and Confucianists who practice righteousness were all accused by the eunuchs as party members;The prefectures and counties accepted the decree, and there were six or seven hundred people who died, relocated, abolished, and banned.
【Translation】
The second year of Jianning, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty (AD 169)
Director Wu, the governor of Runan County, received the edict to arrest Fan Pang. After arriving in the Marquis of Zhengqiang, he closed the door of the post house tightly, and wept bitterly on the bed while holding the edict. No one in the county knew it was because what.Later, when Fan Pang heard the news, he said, "It must be because of me." Then he went to the prison and surrendered himself.County magistrate Guo Ji was greatly surprised, pulled him out, untied the seal, and prepared to flee with Fan Pang, and said to Fan Pang, "The world is so big, why did you come to this place?" Fan Pang replied, " When I die, the calamity will be eliminated, how dare I implicate you because of my crime, and make my old mother homeless!" Fan Pang's mother came to say goodbye to him, Fan Pang comforted his mother and said: "Fan Zhongbo is a filial and respectful person, enough to take on the responsibility of supporting you. I will follow Mr. Long Shu on the road to the underworld. Life and death, everyone can get what they want. I only hope that you can let go of your kindness and don't be too sad." Fan Zhongbo He is Fan Pang's younger brother.Long Shujun is Fan Pang's father, Fan Xian, the deceased prime minister of the Marquis of Longshu.His mother said: "Now that you are as famous as Li Ying and Du Mi, what regrets do you have when you die! You already enjoy a good name and want to live a long life. How can you have both?" Fan Pang knelt down and listened. After listening to my mother's earnest teaching, I bowed to my mother twice, and then bid farewell to my mother.Before leaving, Fan's mother turned her head and said to her son, "I wanted to teach you to do evil, but you can't do evil; teach you to do good, then I won't do evil." After hearing this, all the people on the road were moved to tears.
A total of more than 100 people were involved in the death of the party member case, and their wives and children were also dispatched to remote places.Heroes in the world and Confucian scholars with integrity and morality, the eunuchs all accused them of being partisans.Those who used to have personal grudges also took the opportunity to frame them up, to the point of vengeance, and many people were abused and accused of being partisans.The officials of the state and county government adhered to the will of the above. Some people were framed and abused even though they had never had any ties to the party members. As many as six to seven hundred people were executed, exiled, deposed, and imprisoned.
[Comment and Analysis]
Since ancient times, there have been countless people who can be called "filial sons", but a "filial son" like Fan Pang is unique.The way others honor their parents is to try their best to guard their parents, but Fan Pang is just the opposite. He will not be displaced for the sake of his mother, and he will not be in fear all day long, reluctantly "farewell to his mother".This kind of "farewell" is precisely the separation of life and death. How can ordinary people have such insight?
[Original text]
The second year of Jianning, Emperor Xiaoling of the Han Dynasty
Zhang Jian was in exile and was in distress. He looked at the door and took refuge.Later, it was transferred to Donglai and stopped at Li Du's house.Wai Huang ordered Mao Qin to come to the door, and he invited Qin to the table and said: "Zhang Jian is guilty and exiled, how can I hide it! If the trial is here, this person is a celebrity, and the Ming court would rather hold it!" Du said: "Uncle Yu is ashamed to be a gentleman alone, how can you only pursue benevolence and righteousness!" Du said: "If you want to divide them now, the Ming court will leave halfway." Qin sighed and left.Instructed frugally through Beihai opera artist Ran's family, then entered Yuyang and left the fortress.In his experience, there were dozens of people who were punished, and those who were recruited were spread all over the world, all clan relatives were wiped out, and counties and counties were destroyed.
Jian and Kong Bao of the state of Lu have an old relationship. When they died, they arrived at Bao, but they never met.After the incident, the frugality was lost, the country's prime minister was praised, and he was sent to prison. It is unknown where he will sit.Rong said: "The person who protects the house, Rong Ye, should sit down." Bao said: "It is not my brother's fault that he came to beg me." The official asked his mother, and the mother said: "The family is the head, and the concubine is the innocent. "One family is fighting for death, and the counties and counties are doubtful and cannot be resolved, but it is up to the court, and the imperial edict actually sits in praise.When the party ban was lifted, Jian returned to his hometown, and later became Wei Wei, who died at the age of 84.
When Xia Fu heard that Zhang Jian was in exile, he sighed and said: "The evil is done by oneself, and the good is emptied. One person escapes to death, and the disaster affects the whole family. How can he live?" , kissing suddenly smoke charcoal, appearance ruined weary, two or three years of accumulation, people ignorant.Brother Fu Jingzai pursued the payment, but Fubu said: "How can I pay for the misfortune, brother?" The party ban was not lifted and died.
(End of this chapter)
Class beyond
[Original text]
Emperor Xiaozhang of Han Suzong in the fifth year of founding
Banchao wanted to pacify the Western Regions, so he sent troops to Shangshu and said: "I saw that the late emperor wanted to open up the Western Regions, so he attacked the Xiongnu in the north and sent foreign troops to the west. Shi, Wusun, and Kang Jufu wished to be attached to each other, and wanted to work together to destroy Kucha and open up the Han Road. If Kucha is won, it will be one percent of those who have not been conquered in the Western Regions. Those who discussed in the past all said: "take 36 The name of the country is to break the right arm of the Xiongnu.' Today, all the countries in the Western Regions, since they entered the sun, they have all turned to Hua, the size is happy, and the tribute is endless. Only Yanqi and Qiuci have not obeyed. 36 people in front of the ministers and officials served as envoys Jueyu, facing hardships, has been guarding Shule alone for five years now. Hu Yi has a lot of love, and the officials are quite aware of it. When asked about the size of the city, they all say that they rely on the Han and the heavens. The mountains can be passed, and Kucha can be cut. Now it is advisable to worship Baiba, the servant of Kucha, as his king, and send him off with hundreds of horses, and join forces with other countries. They are good planners! I see that Shache and Shule have fertile fields and abundant grass and pastures. They are not comparable to Dunhuang and Shanshan. Their soldiers can be self-sufficient in food without spending on China. Moreover, the two kings, Gumo and Wensu, are especially tortoises. What I place here is not its kind, and it hates each other even more. It is bound to have someone who surrenders. If the two countries come to surrender, Kucha will be destroyed by itself. I hope that I will issue a chapter and refer to it. It is extremely sincere, and there is no hatred for death! The gods in the super area are special, and it is not convenient to steal and hope. Seeing that the Western Regions have been pacified, your majesty will hold a thousand-year-old cup, recommend the ancestral temple, and spread great joy to the world." Shu Zou, the emperor knew that his achievements could be accomplished, and he proposed to give it to the soldiers. .Pingling Xu Qian went to Shu, willing to work hard to assist Chao, the emperor regarded Qian as a false Sima, and sent punishment and righteousness to surpass thousands of people.First, Shache thought that the Han soldiers would not come out, so he surrendered to Kucha, and Fanchen, the captain of Shule, also rebelled.When Xu Qianshi arrived, Chao Sui and Gan attacked Fanchen, smashed him, and beheaded more than a thousand people.If you want to attack Kucha, Wusun should be strong because of its strength. It is said: "Wusun is a big country, and it can control [-] strings. Therefore, Emperor Wu's wife is a princess, and Emperor Xiaoxuan can use it. Now you can send envoys to comfort, Let's work together." Di Nazhi.
【Translation】
The first five years of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty (80 A.D.)
Ban Chao wanted to pacify the Western Regions, so he took the initiative to write a letter and said: "I privately think that the late emperor wanted to open up the Western Regions, so he attacked the Huns to the north and sent envoys to the west to establish diplomatic relations with other countries. So they belonged to the Han Dynasty. Now there are countries such as Jumi, Shache, Shule, Yueshi, Wusun and Kangju who are willing to return to the Han Dynasty again, and are preparing to unite forces to destroy Kucha in one fell swoop and level the obstacles on the way to the Han Dynasty .If we capture Kucha, only one percent of the Western Regions will not belong to the Han Dynasty. The predecessors said when talking about the Western Regions: "Winning 36 countries can be regarded as cutting off the Xiongnu." The right arm of the Han Dynasty.’ Now, from the sunset to the east, there is no country in the Western Regions who does not yearn to submit to the Han Dynasty. All the big and small countries are happy, and the tributes and offerings are endless. Only Yanqi and Qiuci refused to submit. I once led 36 My subordinates went to the remote Western Regions and suffered all kinds of hardships. It has been five years since I stayed in Shule alone. I still know the situation in the barbarian land quite well. Whether you ask the big countries in the Western Regions It is still a small country, and they will definitely answer unanimously: Relying on the Han Dynasty is like relying on the sky. This is enough to prove that Congling can be opened up, and Kucha can also be attacked. Now we should support Kucha and send it to the Han Dynasty to do it. The hostage prince, Baiba, became the king of Kucha, and then escorted him with hundreds of infantry cavalry, allowing him to unite with the countries of the Western Regions, and at most a few months to a year can capture Kucha. This strategy of using the barbarians to attack the barbarians, It is the most brilliant strategy among all the strategies! I saw that the land in Shache and Shule is fertile and vast, with rich water and grass, and flocks of cattle and sheep. They are not as barren as those in Dunhuang and Shanshan. And they can be completely self-sufficient. Moreover, the kings of Gumo and Wensu were specially appointed by Qiuci. They are not of the same race as the people of their own countries, and they hate and oppose each other. Forced by the situation, some people will definitely surrender voluntarily. If these two countries belong to the Han Dynasty, then Qiuci will be destroyed by itself. I hope that Your Majesty can submit my memorial to the court for discussion as a reference. If there is such a thing as feasible, I will die and die What is there to regret! But my minister Ban Chao is very lucky to be blessed by the gods. I hope I don’t fall down and die, because I want to see the surrender of the Western Regions with my own eyes. Make a sacrifice to the ancestral temple and announce this great joy to the people of the world." After the memorial was reported to Emperor Han Zhang, Emperor Han Zhang knew that this undertaking could be successful, so he called a group of ministers to discuss and planned to send troops to Ban Chao.Xu Gan, a native of Pingling, wrote to the emperor, willing to fight hard and be Ban Chao's entourage.So Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty appointed Xu Qian as the deputy Sima, and led exempted prisoners and volunteers who volunteered to join the army, a total of about 1000 people, waiting for Ban Chao to dispatch them to the Western Regions.Before that, Shache thought that the Han Dynasty would not send troops to the Western Regions, so he surrendered to Kucha, and Shule Duwei Fanchen also rebelled against the Han Dynasty.Just when Xu Gan and his party arrived, Ban Chao led them to attack Fanchen together.As a result, Fanchen was defeated, and more than 1000 people were beheaded.Ban Chao originally planned to attack Kucha in one fell swoop, but considering Wusun's strength was relatively strong, he should make full use of Wusun's strength, so he wrote: "Wusun is a big country with [-] bowmen, so Emperor Wu sent the princess Marry Wusun King as his wife. Later, when Emperor Xiaoxuan came, it finally achieved results. Now we should send envoys to appease and condolence, and win Wusun to work together with us." Emperor Zhang adopted his suggestion.
[Original text]
Emperor Suzong Xiaozhang of the Han Dynasty was founded in the eighth year of the first year.The emperor worshiped Ban Chao as the commander-in-chief of the army, took Xu Gan as the commander of the army, and sent Li Yi, the Marquis of Wei, to escort the Wusun envoy.When the city arrived at Yutian, it was time for Kucha to attack Shule, and he was afraid to go forward. Because he wrote to Chen that the achievements of the Western Regions could not be accomplished, he also slammed Chao: "Embrace your beloved wife, embrace your beloved son, and be happy in foreign countries, without any internal concerns." Wen Zhi sighed and said: "The body has not been involved in the past, but there are three slanders, I am afraid that it will be suspected at that time!" Then he left his wife.The emperor knew that Chao was loyal, so he blamed Yi and said: "There are more than a thousand people who love their wives and sons, and want to return home. How can they be in the same heart as Chao!" If the eunuch is outside, he will stay and work." Chao then sent the eunuch Wusun's servant back to the capital.Xu Qian said to Chao, "The former relatives of the city destroyed the emperor and wanted to defeat the Western Regions. Why don't you keep it because of the imperial edict, and send other officials to send the servants?" Therefore, send him now. Introspect without guilt, how can you be sympathetic to others! If you want to keep him, you are not a loyal minister."
In the first year of Emperor Xiaozhang of Emperor Suzong of the Han Dynasty, 800 generals including fake Sima He Gong were dispatched to Banchao, and Chaoyin sent troops from Shule and Yu Yu to attack Shache.Shache lured Wang Zhong of Shule with bribes, and Zhong rebelled against him. Following him, Xibaowujicheng.Chao Nai appointed Cheng Chengda, the prime minister of his mansion, as the king of Shule, and attacked those who did not rebel against him. People said that King Kangju was loyal to return to his country, and Wujicheng surrendered.
【Translation】
In the eighth year of the founding of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty (83 A.D.).Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty took Ban Chao as the commander of the army, Xu Qian as the commander of the army, and sent Li Yi, the guard, to escort the Wusun envoy back to the country.When Li Yi arrived in Khotan, it happened that Qiuci was attacking Shule. He did not dare to move forward because of fear, so he wrote a letter stating that the achievements of the Western Regions could not be successful, and wantonly slandered Ban Chao: "Ban Chao embraces his beloved wife and embraces his wife My son, enjoying peace in a foreign country, has no heart to miss the Central Plains." Ban Chao sighed after hearing the news: "I am not Zeng Shen, but I have been slandered three times by Zeng Shen, and I am afraid that I will be suspected by the court!" So he sent him off. left the wife.Emperor Zhang was well aware of Ban Chao's loyalty, so he severely reprimanded Li Yi and said: "Even if Ban Chao alone embraces his beloved wife and beloved son, there are still more than a thousand Han soldiers who miss their hometown. How can they be of one mind with Ban Chao! Emperor Zhang ordered Li Yi to go to Ban Chao to wait for dispatch, and issued an edict to Ban Chao: "If Li Yi is competent in the Western Regions, let him follow you." But Ban Chao immediately sent Li Yi to lead Wusun to the Han Dynasty. The prince who was a hostage returned to the capital together.Xu Qian asked Ban Chao: "Before Li Yi personally slandered you and tried to destroy our cause in the Western Regions. Why don't you use the imperial edict as an excuse to keep him and send other officials to escort the hostages?" Ban Chao said: "What do you mean? It’s too shallow! It’s because Li Yi slandered me that I’m sending him back now. I asked myself why I’m afraid of others’ comments because I’ve done what I’ve done so well! I kept Li Yi behind just to please myself , This is not what loyal ministers did."
The first year of Emperor Yuanhe of the Han Dynasty (84 AD).Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty sent deputy Sima He Gong and others to lead [-] reinforcements to enrich Ban Chao's team.Ban Chao then recruited troops from Shule and Khotan to attack Shache.Shache bribed Shule Wang Zhong with a lot of money, so Wang Zhong betrayed the Han Dynasty and followed Shache westward to Wuji City to defend it.Ban Chao immediately changed his post to Cheng Chengda of Shule Mansion as King Shule, and recruited all Shule soldiers who had not rebelled to attack Wang Zhong.At the same time, he sent people to persuade King Kang Ju to capture Wang Zhong and bring him back to his home country.Wujicheng then surrendered to Banchao.
[Comment and Analysis]
Yang Jiong, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, with the idea of making contributions, wrote the heroic poem "I would rather be a centurion than a scholar", inspiring himself to take up the sword and conquer the enemies in the northwest frontier.In fact, as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was such a scholar who joined the army. In order to pacify the Western Regions, he left the Central Plains and arrived in the Western Regions. This scholar was Ban Chao.As a scholar, Ban Chao made illustrious military exploits in the Western Regions thousands of miles away and fulfilled his grand ambition of becoming a Marquis.At that time, he took Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian as his models, and his achievements in history were not inferior to them.
Fan Pang's mother
[Original text]
The second year of Jianning, Emperor Xiaoling of the Han Dynasty
The governor of Runan, Wu Dao, was ordered to arrest Fan Pang. When he went to conquer Qiang, he embraced the imperial edict and closed the preaching house. He lay down on his bed and wept.Peng Wenzhi said: "It must be for me." That is to say, he went to prison.The county magistrate Guo Yi was shocked, and he went out, untied the seal and ribbon, and both of them died, saying: "The world is overwhelmed, why are you here!" The old mother is far away!" His mother said goodbye to him, and Pang Bai's mother said: "Zhongbo is filial, enough to support him. Pang returns from Lord Longshu to Huangquan, and everyone has his own place. But the lord cut off the unbearable kindness, don't increase your sympathy!" Zhong Bo is also Pang's younger brother.Lord Long Shu is also the prime minister of Pang's father Long Shuhou.Mother said: "you have the same name as Li and Du now, so why don't you hate death! Since you have a command name, you can have both if you ask for a longevity test!"Gu Qizi said: "I want to make you do evil, but you must not do evil; if I make you do good, then I will not do evil."
All the party members died with more than a hundred people, and their wives moved to the side. The world's heroes and Confucianists who practice righteousness were all accused by the eunuchs as party members;The prefectures and counties accepted the decree, and there were six or seven hundred people who died, relocated, abolished, and banned.
【Translation】
The second year of Jianning, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty (AD 169)
Director Wu, the governor of Runan County, received the edict to arrest Fan Pang. After arriving in the Marquis of Zhengqiang, he closed the door of the post house tightly, and wept bitterly on the bed while holding the edict. No one in the county knew it was because what.Later, when Fan Pang heard the news, he said, "It must be because of me." Then he went to the prison and surrendered himself.County magistrate Guo Ji was greatly surprised, pulled him out, untied the seal, and prepared to flee with Fan Pang, and said to Fan Pang, "The world is so big, why did you come to this place?" Fan Pang replied, " When I die, the calamity will be eliminated, how dare I implicate you because of my crime, and make my old mother homeless!" Fan Pang's mother came to say goodbye to him, Fan Pang comforted his mother and said: "Fan Zhongbo is a filial and respectful person, enough to take on the responsibility of supporting you. I will follow Mr. Long Shu on the road to the underworld. Life and death, everyone can get what they want. I only hope that you can let go of your kindness and don't be too sad." Fan Zhongbo He is Fan Pang's younger brother.Long Shujun is Fan Pang's father, Fan Xian, the deceased prime minister of the Marquis of Longshu.His mother said: "Now that you are as famous as Li Ying and Du Mi, what regrets do you have when you die! You already enjoy a good name and want to live a long life. How can you have both?" Fan Pang knelt down and listened. After listening to my mother's earnest teaching, I bowed to my mother twice, and then bid farewell to my mother.Before leaving, Fan's mother turned her head and said to her son, "I wanted to teach you to do evil, but you can't do evil; teach you to do good, then I won't do evil." After hearing this, all the people on the road were moved to tears.
A total of more than 100 people were involved in the death of the party member case, and their wives and children were also dispatched to remote places.Heroes in the world and Confucian scholars with integrity and morality, the eunuchs all accused them of being partisans.Those who used to have personal grudges also took the opportunity to frame them up, to the point of vengeance, and many people were abused and accused of being partisans.The officials of the state and county government adhered to the will of the above. Some people were framed and abused even though they had never had any ties to the party members. As many as six to seven hundred people were executed, exiled, deposed, and imprisoned.
[Comment and Analysis]
Since ancient times, there have been countless people who can be called "filial sons", but a "filial son" like Fan Pang is unique.The way others honor their parents is to try their best to guard their parents, but Fan Pang is just the opposite. He will not be displaced for the sake of his mother, and he will not be in fear all day long, reluctantly "farewell to his mother".This kind of "farewell" is precisely the separation of life and death. How can ordinary people have such insight?
[Original text]
The second year of Jianning, Emperor Xiaoling of the Han Dynasty
Zhang Jian was in exile and was in distress. He looked at the door and took refuge.Later, it was transferred to Donglai and stopped at Li Du's house.Wai Huang ordered Mao Qin to come to the door, and he invited Qin to the table and said: "Zhang Jian is guilty and exiled, how can I hide it! If the trial is here, this person is a celebrity, and the Ming court would rather hold it!" Du said: "Uncle Yu is ashamed to be a gentleman alone, how can you only pursue benevolence and righteousness!" Du said: "If you want to divide them now, the Ming court will leave halfway." Qin sighed and left.Instructed frugally through Beihai opera artist Ran's family, then entered Yuyang and left the fortress.In his experience, there were dozens of people who were punished, and those who were recruited were spread all over the world, all clan relatives were wiped out, and counties and counties were destroyed.
Jian and Kong Bao of the state of Lu have an old relationship. When they died, they arrived at Bao, but they never met.After the incident, the frugality was lost, the country's prime minister was praised, and he was sent to prison. It is unknown where he will sit.Rong said: "The person who protects the house, Rong Ye, should sit down." Bao said: "It is not my brother's fault that he came to beg me." The official asked his mother, and the mother said: "The family is the head, and the concubine is the innocent. "One family is fighting for death, and the counties and counties are doubtful and cannot be resolved, but it is up to the court, and the imperial edict actually sits in praise.When the party ban was lifted, Jian returned to his hometown, and later became Wei Wei, who died at the age of 84.
When Xia Fu heard that Zhang Jian was in exile, he sighed and said: "The evil is done by oneself, and the good is emptied. One person escapes to death, and the disaster affects the whole family. How can he live?" , kissing suddenly smoke charcoal, appearance ruined weary, two or three years of accumulation, people ignorant.Brother Fu Jingzai pursued the payment, but Fubu said: "How can I pay for the misfortune, brother?" The party ban was not lifted and died.
(End of this chapter)
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