Zi Zhi Tong Jian

Chapter 27 Wei Ji: Former Teacher List (2)
Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang fought for more than 100 days. Zhuge Liang challenged him many times, but Sima Yi insisted on sticking to the camp.Zhuge Liang sent people to send women's turbans, hair ornaments and clothes to Sima Yi to humiliate his cowardice. Sima Yi was so angry that he immediately asked for a battle.Emperor Ming sent Weiwei Xinpi to hold a talisman as a military adviser to restrain Sima Yi's behavior.The guard Jiang Wei said to Zhuge Liang: "Sima Yi has come with a talisman, and the bandit army will definitely not fight again." Zhuge Liang said: "Sima Yi had no intention of fighting, so he insisted on asking to fight. This is to show his troops It’s just my own bravery. The general is in the army, and the monarch’s order can not be accepted. If he can really defeat our army, does he still need to ask for battle thousands of miles away?”

[Original text]

Liang sent envoys to Yi's army, and Yi asked him about his sleep, food and affairs, not about military affairs.The envoy said to him: "Duke Zhuge sleeps all night long, and has been punished for [-] years. Everyone has seen it personally; the food he eats does not amount to several liters." When Liang was very ill, the emperor of the Han Dynasty sent the servant of Shangshu to shoot Li Fuxing's servant, because he consulted for the country's great plan.The blessing is here, I have already talked with Liang, don't go, return it in a few days.Liang said: "Gu Zhijun returned his intentions. Although he has been talking a lot these days, he has come to ask for a decision. It is appropriate for the public to ask." Who will be in charge of major affairs after a hundred years of publicity, so I always return the ear. After begging Jiang Wan, who will be in charge?" Liang said: "Wen Wei can succeed." Asked the next question, Liang did not answer.

It was the moon, and Liang died in the army.Chang Shi Yang Yi came out with the whole army.The people rushed to tell Sima Yi, and Yi chased him.Jiang Wei ordered Yi to turn against the flag and beat the drums. If he was going to attack Yi, Yi would withdraw his army and dare not force him.So Yi tied up with Chen and left, entered the valley and went to mourn.The common people say, "When Zhuge dies, live Zhongda." Hearing this, Yi laughed and said, "I can predict life, but I can't predict death." !" After chasing to Chi'an, he returned before he could.

【Translation】

Zhuge Liang sent envoys to Sima Yi's army. Sima Yi asked the envoys about Zhuge Liang's sleep, food, and business, but did not ask about the other party's military situation.The envoy replied: "Duke Zhuge goes to bed late, and he personally interrogates anyone who punishes more than [-] sticks; the food he eats every day is less than a few liters." Sima Yi told the left and right soldiers: "Zhuge Kongming eats so little. But there are so many things to do, how long can he live!" After Zhuge Liang became seriously ill, the Empress of the Han Dynasty sent his servant Li Fu to visit him, and asked about some important state affairs.After Li Fu arrived, he left after talking with Zhuge Liang, but returned a few days later.Zhuge Liang said: "I understand your intention of returning. Although we have been talking continuously for the past few days, some things have not been explained. This time, I am here again to hear the decision. You can ask Jiang Wan what you want to ask." Li Fu apologized. Zhuge Liang said: "It is true that I have not asked at present, but if you are a hundred years later, who can take on this important task. So I came back again. After Jiang Wan, who can take on this important task?" Zhuge Liang said: "Fei Yi can succeed. Li Fu asked again: "Then who is after Fei Yi?" Zhuge Liang kept silent.

That month, Zhuge Liang died in the army, and Chang Shi Yang Yi rectified the army and retreated.The people ran to report to Sima Yi, and Sima Yi led his army to pursue the Han army.Jiang Wei ordered Yang Yi to turn the direction of the battle flag and march forward with drums, pretending to attack Sima Yi.Sima Yi then withdrew his army and retreated, not daring to push forward.So Yang Yi retreated in formation and mourned for Zhuge Liang after entering the inclined valley.The common people made up a proverb about it, saying: "A dead Zhuge Liang scares away a living Zhongda." Sima Yi laughed and said, "That's why I can expect Zhuge Liang to be alive, but I can't expect Zhuge Liang to be dead." Sima Yi went to Zhuge Liang's camp to inspect, and sighed: "Zhuge Liang is really a genius in the world!" Then he led his army to chase to Chi'an, but failed to catch up with the Shu army, so he had to come back again.

[Comment and Analysis]

Zhuge Liang captured Meng Huo seven times successively, and pacified the Nanzhong area.After the rear was stabilized, he began to prepare to realize Liu Bei's ambition to restore the Han Dynasty.Since 228 AD, he has gone out to Qishan but returned in vain.In 231 A.D., Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan for the fifth time, and resisted Sima Yi in Wuzhangyuan.However, Zhuge Liang at this time was no longer the Wolong who talked eloquently in the thatched cottage in Longzhong, nor was he the military division who commanded Ruoding when the Cao army was burned in Xinye, but the prime minister who dedicated himself and died.He sleeps long and hard, is cautious and tireless, fearing that he will not be able to repay Liu Bei's kindness, and finally dies in the army of Wuzhangyuan. "Death before leaving the teacher will make the hero burst into tears", Zhuge Liang passed away with infinite regret.

Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest
[Original text]

The third year of Jingyuan, Emperor Wei Yuan
Ji Kang of Qiaojun, with magnificent diction, good talk about the old, Zhuang and Qi, was a chivalrous man. He was friendly with Chen Liuruan Ji, his elder brother Zixian, Shantao in Hanoi, Xiangxiu in Henan, Wang Rong in Langye, and Liu Lingte from Peiren. They were named Zhulin seven sages.They all advocate nothingness, despise etiquette, indulge in drunkenness, and forget about worldly affairs.

Ruan Ji was a lieutenant of the infantry. His mother died. He played Go with others.Then he drank two buckets of wine, raised his voice first, vomited several liters of blood, and destroyed barren bones.In mourning, drinking is the same as usual.He Zeng, the lieutenant of the Sili school, was evil, and his face-to-face was recorded in Sima Zhaozuo, saying: "You are a person who indulges in love, disobeys etiquette, and corrupts the vulgar. Today, he is loyal to the government and comprehensively verifies his name. If you are a Cao of Qing, you can't grow up!" Wei Zhao said: "The public governs the world with filial piety, but Ruan Ji mourns and eats meat in the public seat. How can he train people? It is better to expel the four descendants, so as not to pollute China." Zhao loves talents and often supports them.Zeng, the son of Kui.

Ruan Xiansu was lucky with her aunt and maidservant; the aunt sent her maidservant away, and Xianfang faced the guest, borrowing a guest horse and chasing him, and returned on tired ride.

【Translation】

The third year of Jingyuan, Emperor Wei Yuan (AD 262)
Ji Kang, a native of Qiaojun, had a majestic and magnificent diction, was good at talking about "Laozi" and "Zhuangzi", advocated strangeness and uniqueness, and acted chivalrously.He had close contacts with Ruan Ji from Chenliu, Ruan Ji's nephew Ruan Xian, Shan Tao from Hanoi, Xiangxiu from Henan, Wang Rong from Langye, and Liu Ling from Peiguo. He was known as the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove.They all advocate nihilistic judgments, despise etiquette and law, and enjoy drinking to the fullest, and never care about world affairs.

When Ruan Ji was serving as an infantry lieutenant, his mother died. At that time, he was playing Go with others, and the other party asked to stop, but Ruan Jifei left him to fight for the victory.After playing chess, he drank two more buckets of wine, yelled, and vomited several liters of blood. Because of the extreme grief, he was so emaciated that only skin and bones remained.During my mother's mourning, I drank as much as ever every day.Sili Captain He Zeng hated him at first, so he took the opportunity to accuse Ruan Ji in front of Sima Zhao: "You are a person who indulges in excesses, violates etiquette, and corrupts customs. In fact, people like you must not encourage your evil spirit!" After that, he said to Sima Zhao: "You are now ruling the world with filial piety, but you let Ruan Ji eat meat and drink in front of you during the mourning period. How to teach others a lesson? In my opinion, he should be exiled to a wild place in all directions, so as not to let him pollute the good morals of our China." Sima Zhao admired Ruan Ji's talent very much, so he often supported and protected him.He Zeng was the son of He Kui.Ruan Xian liked her aunt's maid very much.When the aunt led the maid to leave, Ruan Xian was accompanying the guest, so he quickly borrowed a horse from the guest to chase after him, and then the two came back riding the same horse.

[Original text]

Liu Ling was addicted to alcohol, and often took a deer cart, carrying a jug of wine, and made people go with him, saying: "I will bury me when I die."

Zhong Huifang favored Sima Zhao, and he built it after hearing Ji Kang's name, but Kang Ji squatted and forged it, not as a gift.Hui was about to go, and Kang said: "What did you hear, and what did you see?" Hui said: "Heard and heard, and saw and saw!"

Shan Tao was the Minister of the Ministry of Officials, and he promoted Kang himself.Kang Yutao's books, they say that they are unbearable to popular customs, not Botang and Wu.He was angry when he heard about it.Kang and Dongping Lv An are friendly, An's brother Xun accused An of being unfilial, and Kang proved otherwise.Because of the slander, "Kang Chang wants to help Guan Qiujian, and An and Kang are well-known in the world, but their speech is loose, and they teach indiscriminately when they are harmful, so it is appropriate to get rid of them." Zhao then killed An and Kang.Kang tasted the hermit Sun Deng of Jijun, and Deng said: "You have many talents and few knowledge, and it is hard to escape the present world!"

【Translation】

Liu Ling was addicted to alcohol. He often traveled around in a deer cart with a jug of wine, and had someone follow him with a shovel. He said, "Once I die, bury me at any time." The literati and bureaucrats all thought he was very wise, so they rushed to follow his example, and they called it Fangda.

At that time, Zhong Hui was favored by Sima Zhao. He heard Ji Kang's reputation and went to visit him. Ji Kang sat there with his legs outstretched and struck iron nonchalantly, which was very rude to Zhong Hui.When Zhong Hui was about to leave, Ji Kang asked him, "What did you hear, and what did you see?" Zhong Hui said, "Come to hear what I heard, and go to see what I saw! "From then on, he began to hate Ji Kang.

Shan Tao became the Minister of the Ministry of Officials and recommended Ji Kang to replace him.Ji Kang wrote to Shan Tao, saying that he could not bear the vulgarity, and he belittled Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou.Sima Zhao was very angry when he heard the news.Ji Kang and Lu An of Dongping were old friends. Lu An's older brother Lu Xun accused Lu An of being unfilial, and Ji Kang testified for Lu An that he was not unfilial.Zhong Hui took the opportunity to falsely accuse Ji Kang and said: "Ji Kang once wanted to help Qiu Jian, besides Lu An and Ji Kang are famous all over the world, but their speech is uninhibited, poisoning the customs and disrupting political education, we should take this opportunity to get rid of them. So Sima Zhao killed Lu An and Ji Kang.Ji Kang once visited Sun Deng, a hermit from Jijun, and Sun Deng said: "You have so much talent but little knowledge, I'm afraid you will inevitably be killed in today's world!"

[Comment and Analysis]

The ruler of the Cao Wei regime was so fatuous that the cunning Sima Yi soon took the throne and established the Western Jin Dynasty.After Sima seized power, he engaged in high-handed politics, and those who did not cooperate with them would be persecuted.At that time, some literati were unwilling to take refuge in the Sima Clan, but they did not dare to fight against them. They were very frightened and depressed, so they had no choice but to adopt the method of passive resistance.They often gather in a few people to express their love for the mountains and rivers, drink wine and compose poems, deliberately informal, with disheveled hair and disheveled clothes.A typical representative of these people is the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove".Later, under the threats and lures of the Sima Group, the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove" also gradually split up. Shan Tao became a senior official of the Sima Group and wrote to Ji Kang, inviting Ji Kang to come out to be an official as well.Ji Kang not only refused, but also wrote a "Letter of Breaking Friendship with Shan Juyuan".This is not only a letter of severance, but also a call to the Sima Group, expressing his disgust and uncooperative attitude towards Sima Group.In the end, he violated Sima's authority and was killed for a reason.Soon, Ruan Ji also died of depression.The other four also became officials of the Sima family successively, but their hearts were even more depressed.

(End of this chapter)