Zi Zhi Tong Jian

Chapter 28 Jin Ji: Tears at the Monument (1)
[Original text]

Jin Shizu Wu Emperor Taishi five years
Husui Huai is far and near, and has won the hearts of Jiang and Han. He made a big letter with the Wu people, and those who surrendered wanted to go, and they all listened to them.From the beginning to the end, the army has no food for a hundred days, and its seasons have an accumulation of ten years.When Hu is in the army, he is often accompanied by light fur and is not covered by armor. Under the bell pavilion, there are no more than a dozen guards.

In the eighth year of Emperor Taishi, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, Yanghu returned from Jiangling to cultivate virtue and trust the people of Wu.Every time there is a war of troops, the Japanese side will fight every time, not as a cover-up attack.Generals who want to make tricks often drink alcohol to make them speechless.Hu went out of the army to travel to the Wu territory, and cut the grain for food. They all planned to invade and sent silk to pay for it.Every congregation went hunting in Jiang and Mian, and often stopped in the land of Jin. If the animals were first injured by Wu people and then captured by Jin soldiers, they would all be returned.So all the people in Wubian were pleased.Hu and Lu Kang confront each other, and their missions often pass.When fighting against Yihu wine, Hu will drink it without doubt; when fighting against disease, ask for medicine from Hu, and Hu will give it with a patented medicine, and take it when you resist.Many people remonstrated and resisted, and said: "There is no such thing as a poisonous man, Uncle Yang!" He told the border guards, saying: "He is only for virtue, and I am for violence. It is to submit without fighting. It is just for each to protect the boundaries, and there is no need. It is small and profitable." Lord Wu heard that the two realms were at peace, so he protested, saying: "One city and one township cannot be devoid of faith, let alone a big country! If this is not the case, it is just to show his virtue, and Yuhu will not be hurt."

Yang Hu did not attach himself to the dignitaries of China and North Korea, and Xun Xu and Feng's disciples all hated him.From his nephew Wang Yan's taste of Hu Chen's affairs, his words are very clear;Hu Gu said to the guests: "Wang Yifu should be famous for his high position, but if he loses the customs and hurts people, he must be this person." When attacking Jiangling, Hu used military law to kill Wang Rong.Yan and Rong are his younger brothers, so they both regretted it, and their speeches often destroyed Hu. People at the time said: "Two kings rule the country, and Yang Gong has no virtue."

【Translation】

The fifth year of Taishi, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty (269 A.D.)
Yang Hu often comforted and cared for the people near and far, so he was very popular in the Jiang and Han areas.He is also open and honest with the Wu people, and he is very trustworthy. If the Wu people who surrendered wanted to leave, he would obey their wishes.Yang Hu reduced the border guards and patrolling soldiers and asked them to reclaim more than 800 hectares of farmland.When he and his subordinates first arrived there, the food in the army could not even handle a hundred days.But later, there was enough grain to last ten years.When Yang Hu was in the army, he often wore light and warm fur clothes without armor.Where he lived, there were only a dozen guards.

The eighth year of Taishi (272 AD).After Yang Hu came back from Jiangling, he devoted himself to repairing morality and faith in order to subdue the Wu people.Whenever there is a war with Wu, it is necessary to make an appointment before starting the war, and never use the strategy of surprise and sudden attack.If there was someone among the generals who tried to make a trick, Yang Hu gave him strong wine, and made him speechless after drunk.Yang Hu's army marched in the territory of Wu, cut off the grain for rations, recorded all the amount taken, and then sent silk as compensation.Every time I went hunting with my tribe along the Yangtze River and Mianshui, it was often limited to the territory of the Jin State. If the animals were killed by the Wu people first and then obtained by the Jin soldiers, they must be returned to the Wu people.As a result, the people on the border of Wu State were all convinced by the Yanghu tribe.Yang Hu and Lu Kang confronted each other at the border, and the envoys of the two sides were often ordered to communicate with each other: Yang Hu never doubted the wine Lu Kang gave Yang Hu.Lu Kang fell ill and asked Yang Hu to give him some medicine, Yang Hu gave him the patented medicine, and Lu Kang took it immediately.Many people advised Lu Kang that he had to be cautious. Lu Kang said, "Could there be Yanghu who killed people with poisoned wine?" This is equivalent to submitting without fighting. Now both sides can keep their borders, and we don’t want to take advantage of it.” Lord Wu heard that the border exchanges between the two sides are harmonious, so he blamed Lu Kang. Lu Kang said: “One city, one city The township has to be loyal, let alone a big country! If I don't do this, it will just show Yanghu's benevolence, and it will not hurt Yanghu at all!"

Yang Hu has never clinged to curry favor with the powerful in the court, so Xun Xu and Feng's disciples all hated him.Wang Yan, Yang Hu's nephew, once went to Yang Hu to state his affairs, and his words were very clear and discerning, but Yang Hu didn't appreciate him, and Wang Yan walked away in anger.Yang Hu turned his head and said to the guests: "Wang Yan could have reached a high position by virtue of his reputation, but he will definitely corrupt customs and damage education."Wang Yan is Wang Rong's cousin, so both of them hate Yang Hu very much, and they often slander Yang Hu in their conversations.There was a well-known proverb at that time, that is, "When two kings are in power, the sheep is not benevolent."

[Original text]

In the third year of Xianning, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, he moved to Juping Marquis Yanghu as Marquis of Nancheng County, but Hu refused to accept it.Every time Hu pays homage to officials and lords, he often avoids them more and is sincere and sincere, so he especially sees that Shen Yu is not listed.The second generation of Hu's history, the key points of the official code, whoever made a plan for profit and loss, burned his grass, and the world never heard of it, and those who made it did not know the reason.Often said: "I would not dare to pay homage to the official court and thank you for your kindness."

In the fourth year of Xianning, the ancestor Wu Emperor of Jin Dynasty, Yang Hu begged to enter the court due to illness. When he arrived, the emperor ordered him to enter the palace on a chariot and sit without worshiping.Humian Chen defeated Wu's plan, and the emperor was good at it.It is not appropriate to count the diseases of Hu, so Zhang Hua was sent to ask for advice.Hu said: "Sun Hao's tyranny has become very violent, and he can overcome it without fighting today. If Hao dies unfortunately, the Wu people will set up a commander. Although there are millions of people, the Yangtze River can't be seen, and it will be trouble for the future!" Hua Hua Deeply.Hu said: "The one who achieves my will is the son." The emperor wanted to make Hu lie down to protect the generals. Hu said: "It is not necessary for the ministers to take Wu, but after peace, I should be a saint. When I am famous, my ministers dare not Habitat; if something has happened, it should be given, and I am willing to judge and choose the person."

Yang Hu was ill, and Du Yu was appointed to his own generation.Xinmao took Yu as the general of Zhennan and the governor of Jingzhou's military forces.When Hu died, the emperor cried very sadly.It's a day of great cold, and tears and beards are covered with ice.Hu Yi ordered not to enter the coffin with the seal of the Marquis of Nancheng.The emperor said: "Hugu has been rented for many years, but he has not given up his body. Now I listen to the duplicate seal to show his beauty." When the people of Nanzhou heard that Hu died, they stopped the market for him, crying in the alleys.Wu Shoubian soldiers also wept for it.Hu likes to visit Xianshan Mountain. The people of Xiangyang built monuments and erected temples on the site, and sacrificed at the ages. All those who looked at the monument shed tears, because it is called the Monument of Falling Tears.

【Translation】

In the third year of Xianning (277 A.D.), Juping Hou Yanghu was relocated to be the Marquis of Nancheng County, but he refused to accept it.Every time Yang Hu was awarded an official position or title, he would mostly avoid it. His sincerity has always been well known, so he was authorized not to accept his official title.Yang Hu has experienced two generations of emperors in his life, and has been in charge of the imperial court.Whatever he participated in planning and discussing, whether it was simplification or setting, he would burn the draft afterwards, so that the world could not know.Those who were recommended by Yang Hu to be officials did not even know who recommended them.Yang Hu often said: "I would not dare to grant an official position in the public court, but let others repay it as your personal favor."

In the fourth year of Xianning (AD 278), Yang Hu asked to see Emperor Wu of Jin due to illness.When he arrived at the court, Emperor Wu of Jin asked him to go to the palace in a car, and let him sit down before he could pray.Yang Hu presented to Emperor Wu of Jin his plan to crusade against Wu, and Emperor Wu of Jin agreed very much.Because Yang Hu was ill, it was inconvenient to meet with Emperor Wu of Jin frequently, so Emperor Wu of Jin sent Zhang Hua to Yang Hu to inquire about the strategy of defeating Wu.Yang Hu said: "Sun Hao has become tyrannical to the extreme. If we take the opportunity to act now, we can win without fighting. Once Sun Hao dies unfortunately, and the Wu people establish another wise monarch, then even if we have millions of troops, the Yangtze River It is not something we can spy on, and this will cause future troubles!" Zhang Hua agreed with his words very much.Yang Hu said: "You are the only one who can realize my ambition." Emperor Wu of Jin planned to let Yang Hu lie ill in the car and lead the generals to attack Wu. , but after the state of Wu is conquered, you should exhaust your sage's thinking. I dare not easily place between merit and reputation. If after conquering the state of Wu, you should send officials to guard the southeast region, I hope you can choose carefully. The right person."

Yang Hu's condition worsened day by day, so he recommended Du Yu to replace him. On the 26th, Emperor Wu of Jin appointed Du Yu as the general of Zhennan and the governor of Jingzhou's military forces.After Yang Hu passed away, Emperor Wu of Jin cried very sadly.It was very cold that day, and the tears of Emperor Wu of Jin's beard and hair on the temples immediately froze.Yang Hu left his last words and refused to let Hou Yin of Nancheng be put in his coffin.Emperor Wu of Jin said: "Yang Hu has insisted on humility for so many years. Although he is dead now, the virtue of humility is still there. Now do as he wants and restore his original title to demonstrate his noble virtues." After the people heard the news of Yang Hu's death, they went on strike for him, and gathered in the alleys to cry, crying one after another.Even the border guards of Wu State wept bitterly for Yang Hu's death.Yang Hu always liked to visit Xianshan Mountain, so the people in Xiangyang built a temple and erected a monument for him on Xianshan Mountain, and they never forgot to go to worship him all the year round. Known as the Monument of Tears.

[Comment and Analysis]

Yang Hu was an important minister in the period of Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, and played an important role in the founding of the Jin Dynasty.He is courageous and upright, and is deeply appreciated by Sima Yan.When he guarded Xiangyang and was in charge of various military affairs in Jingzhou, Yang Hu widely practiced benevolent government and was loved by the people in the Jianghan area.After Yang Hu's death, Sima Yan cried very sadly, and the people of Jingzhou also gathered in the alleys to cry, even the soldiers guarding the border of Wu State also shed tears.

Xie An out of the mountain
[Original text]

Emperor Xiaozong Mu of Jin ascended to peace for four years
Xie An seldom has the same name. He lived in Kuaiji and entertained himself with landscapes and books.Although it is commoner clothes, people at that time regarded it as a public assistant, and the scholar-officials said to each other: "An Shi does not come out, so it should be like the common people!" Every time An visits Dongshan, he often goes with prostitutes.When Situ Yu heard about it, he said: "Since Anshi enjoys the joy with others, he must share the sorrows with others, and he will come when he is called." An's wife, the younger sister of Liu Tun, also retired quietly when she saw that her family was rich and prosperous, and said: " Isn’t your husband like this?” An covered her nose and said, “I’m afraid I can’t help hearing.” When his younger brother Wan was deposed, An began to have the ambition to become an official, and he was over forty years old.Huan Wen, the general of Zhengxi, invited him to be Sima, and An Nai went to summon him. Wen was very happy and respectful.

【Translation】

Emperor Mu of the Jin Dynasty ascended to peace for four years (360 A.D.)
Xie An has been well-known since he was a child, and was recruited by the imperial court many times, but he never took up the post.He lives in Kuaiji on weekdays, looking for happiness from landscapes, literature and classics.Although he was a commoner, people at that time had high hopes for Sangong and Xiangsu.The literati gathered together and discussed: "If Xie An doesn't come out to be an official, what will the people in the world do?" Every time Xie An visited Dongshan, he always accompanied a group of singing and dancing prostitutes.When Situ Sima Yu heard about this situation, he said: "Since Xie An can share happiness with others, he will certainly not stop worrying with others. As long as he is recruited, he will definitely take office." Xie An's wife is Liu Tin's younger sister. .She saw that Xie An's family was dignified and prosperous, but Xie An was willing to be lonely, retreating and unwilling to make progress, so she said to Xie An: "Shouldn't a man be like this?" I can’t escape.” After his younger brother Xie Wan was deposed, Xie An had the ambition to enter an official career, and he was already in his 40s by then.Huan Wen, the general who conquered the west, asked the imperial court to let Xie An serve as Sima, and Xie An accepted the post.Huan Wen was overjoyed and treated him with courtesy and respected him very much.

[Comment and Analysis]

Someone once gave Xie An a small grass. Xie An asked: "What is the name of this grass?" The man replied: "It is called Polygala when it is in the mountain, and Xiaocao when it is out of the mountain." This is a metaphor for Xie An's official career.But judging from the situation at the time, Xie An really had to go out, otherwise what would the Eastern Jin Dynasty do?There are dudes who only know how to talk about the mystery and are not practical. Who else can curb Huan Wen's ambition?Who else can resist Fu Jian's million-strong army?

Fu Jian refused
[Original text]

Jin Liezong Xiaowu Emperor Taiyuan Seventh Year

In winter, in October, Qin Wangjian gathered his ministers in the Taiji Hall, and discussed: "I have inherited my career for 97 years, and the four directions have been determined. Only the southeast corner has not been touched by the king. Now, if I count my soldiers, I can get [-] Wan, I want to fight for it myself, how about it?" Secretary Supervisor Zhu Xun said: "Your Majesty respectfully enforces the punishment of heaven, there must be conquest but no battle, and the Lord of Jin will die in the river if he does not lead the army. Your Majesty will return to China. Restoring his ancestral home, and then returning to the east to make an inspection tour and tell Daizong, this is a once-in-a-thousand-year time!" Jianxi said: "It is my ambition." The left servant of Shangshu shot Quan Yi and said: "In the past, Zhou was innocent, and the three benevolents were in the court. The King of Wu is still his teacher. Although the Jin Dynasty is weak, there is no great evil; Xie An and Huan Chong are both great men of Jiangbiao. Said: "Every gentleman speaks his own ambition."

Prince Zuowei led Shi Yue and said: "This year guarding Dou, the fortune is in Wu. If you cut it, there will be disasters. Moreover, according to the danger of the Yangtze River, the people will use it for it, and it is almost impossible to cut it!" Jian said: "In the past King Wu defeated Zhou and violated the year. The way of heaven is far away, and it is not easy to know. Fu Chai and Sun Hao both defended the rivers and lakes, and they will inevitably perish. Now, with my people, throwing whips on the river to stop its flow, how dangerous is it? Rely on it!" Confrontation: "The kings of the Three Kingdoms are all promiscuous and immoral, so it is easy for the enemy to take them. Although the Jin Dynasty has no virtue and no serious crimes, I hope that your majesty will take the case and accumulate troops to wait for their aggression." So the group The ministers talked about their own interests, and they could not decide for a long time.Jian said: "This so-called building a house along the road can never be done. I should break it in my heart and ears!"

【Translation】

Jinwu Emperor Taiyuan Seventh Year (382 A.D.)
In winter, in October, Fu Jian, the former King of Qin, met with his officials in the Hall of Taiji and discussed with them: "It has been 30 years since I inherited the great cause. The land in the four directions has generally been pacified, except for the southeast corner. I was educated by the king. Now I count a little of my soldiers, there are about 97, and I plan to lead them to crusade against the Jin Dynasty, how about it?" Secretary Supervisor Zhu Xi said: "Your Majesty must follow the punishment of heaven. Only going on a long journey without fighting, the king of the Jin Dynasty either held jade in front of the barracks to show his surrender, or fled in a hurry and was buried in the river and sea. His Majesty allowed the scholars and people of the Central Plains to return to their homeland and restore their dignity This is really a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity." Fu Jian said happily: "This is exactly my ambition." Shang Shu Zuo Pu shot Quan Yi and said: "In ancient times King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty was tyrannical and innocent, but there were three benevolent men, Weizi, Jizi, and Bigan, so King Wu of Zhou sent his troops back and gave up the crusade. Although the Jin Dynasty is weak and weak, it has no major crimes. , Xie An and Huan Chong are both talented people in the Yangtze River area. Their monarchs and ministers are harmonious, and they are of the same mind inside and outside. In my opinion, they can't make plans!" Fu Jian was silent for a long time, and then said: "Everyone, everyone, publish your own papers. Give me your opinion."

Prince Zuowei led Shi Yue and said: "Now Jupiter and Saturn are guarding Dousu, and all the fortunes are in Wu. If you want to send troops to attack them, you will definitely suffer natural disasters. What's more, they rely on the natural danger of the Yangtze River, and the people are all loyal to them. You can attack them!" Fu Jian said: "In the past, King Wu of Zhou's crusade against Shang Zhou was going against the direction of Tai Sui's movement, which also violated the results of divination. The way of heaven is far away, and it is not easy to see through it easily. They all relied on the natural dangers of the rivers and lakes, but they could not escape the catastrophe of extinction. With the strength of our army now, even if they threw all of them into the Yangtze River with whips, it would be enough to block the flow of water. In this way, what natural dangers do they have to rely on? Shi Yue replied: "Shang Zhou, Fu Chai, and Sun Hao are all tyrants, so it is as easy for a hostile country to conquer them as bending down to pick up something that has fallen on the ground. Although the Jin Dynasty is lacking in morality, it has not committed any major crimes. I hope that your majesty can temporarily garrison and stockpile food in order to wait for their disaster." So the ministers expressed their interests and discussed for a long time, but nothing came of it. result.Fu Jian said: "This is the so-called building a house next to the road. I don't know when it will be completed. Now I have to make my own decision!"

(End of this chapter)