politics

Chapter 84 Appendix II

About the title of the book

After Aristotle's death, Alexander's hegemony was changing, and the Lyceum Academy in Athens was not quiet. After Aristotle's death, Antipater also died shortly thereafter; Under the Macedonian Governor, Dimitri the Phalero.Dimitri was on good terms with Severusto; there were many students at the Lyceum Academy.In 317 BC, Demetrius I, son of Antigonus, drove out Demetrius Phalereus of Phalerus.Athens formulated a new law, stipulating that scholars are not allowed to teach and teach apprentices without the permission of the citizens' assembly, so Seshi was expelled.In 307 BC, the Athenian tradition of academic freedom was restored, the Prohibition was abolished, and Seshi was recalled.However, Lyceum College no longer taught social and political science (practical studies) but focused on the study of natural philosophy (theoretical studies). .

His successor Seustorus gave Aristotle and his own manuscript to Neleus, his disciple, to bring back to Scepsis in Asia Minor; this part of the manuscript was thus buried in For more than 608 years in the cellar, Aristotle's works have been buried and passed away, see Strabo: "Geography" (Strabo, Geography) pp. 609-214; (Athenaius, Deipn) 26D; Plutarch: "Sulla" (Plutarch, "Sulla") [-]. .The two volumes that were popular at that time were mostly purchased by the libraries of Pergamon in Asia Minor and Alexandria in Africa.The manuscripts of Cerbyxes returned to Athens in the first century BC and were brought to Rome shortly thereafter.

Andronicus Rhod, the No. 11 successor of the Lyceum College, sorted out the works of Aristotle and Selustos in Rome, and ordered a catalog of their complete works.This catalog is no longer available today.In the middle of the third century BC, Callimachus, the curator of the Alexandria City Library, compiled 120 volumes of "General Catalog of Documents" (πναξ πανοδαπν σνγγραμμων), which listed the lives of various Greek writers and their remaining manuscripts.Then bibliography became extremely prosperous.His disciple Hermippus Smyrnaeus once wrote "Scholar "(βοι) Biographies", describing the lives of various writers, which has increased compared with the old works compiled by his teacher, and each one is still attached. Catalog of works.The books of the two masters and apprentices have also been lost.Diogenes Laertius's "Biography of Scholars", which survived in the third century, is probably compiled based on Hermipa's old work. Usener, Analecta Theophrastea) pp. 13 ff. .

Diogenes: No. 75 of the "Catalogue of Aristotle's Works" attached to the "Biography of Aristotle" contains "eight volumes of the precise course "Politics" in the college, edited like Sewu Lasto's [" politics"]".French classicist Menage (Menage, 1613-1692) commented on Diogenes’ Biographies (Volume 50:70) and added the obtained “Aristotle’s Bibliography” edited by “Anonymous” as a supplement, of which No. 17 It is "Politics" (πολιικ κροσεω), the "precise course in the college". The Bibliography of Gini, whose content should be derived from the same earlier ancestors, such as the Bibliography of Hermippa.See Zeller: "Greek Philosophy" (Zeller, Die Philosophie der Griechen) Volume 54 p. 32. .In addition, there is "Aristotle's Bibliography" compiled by Ptolemaeus Philosophus, a philosopher of the Walking School in BC, and now only the Arabic translation exists, of which No. [-] is "Constitutional Outline and Listing Various Political Forms" The above three The bibliography is preserved in the Berlin Institute: "The Collected Works of Aristotle", Volume [-].

The Arabic Bibliography of Ptolemy has been translated into Latin by Steinschneider, and its number 32 is entitled liber de regimine civitatum et nominatur politikun. .The so-called "intensive courses in the academy" indicate that this work was read to his disciples, but it was a lecture that was not publicly explained.Volume 1289, Chapter 26, 1293a29 and Chapter 1274, 32b[-], Aristotle called this work a "Special Dissertation on the Study of Regime".According to Volume [-], Chapter [-] [-]b[-], it can be titled in more detail "Various Political Systems, Their Meanings and Attributes" (ν μθοδον περ πολιεα).

When this work appeared in "Ethics", it was called "Volumes of Politics" (πολιικ), the Aristocrat interpreter at the beginning of the third century, Alexander (Alex Aphrod of the Arborians), cited οπολιικο and this The titles match.Michael Ephesius, the Ephesian interpreter of Aristotle at the end of the eleventh century in the Middle Ages, and Eustathius, the interpreter of Homer’s epic in the twelfth century, both called it "Studies on Regime" (α πολιεα), which is also consistent with the title of the book as claimed by the author.Now we follow the "Ethics" and the commentator Alexander, and name the Chinese translation of the book "Politics". If someone is willing to use a title like "Regime Research", it is also appropriate.

In the bibliography of Diogenes' Biographies, the so-called "["Politics"" like Θεοφρσου)" is an ambiguous statement, and it may have been a marginal note on the bibliography. It may mean that the category and color of the book are similar to the works of Uflastus, or it may mean that its content or style is similar. There are also six volumes of "Politics" in the attached catalog of works, but this book is not seen today. Some people suspect that when the Chen editors who were buried in the cellar reappeared in the world, the writings of the two families were confused. But with Andronicus The contemporary Cicero (Cicero) has already said that the "optimo statu reipublica" (de optimo statu reipublica) proposed by the two countries is different, and the works of the two countries probably existed side by side at that time. We now deal with in this "Politics" The thoughts of ethics and biology are consistent with the works of Avprelastus on ethics and biology, but not with the existing works of Seusplastus. German Politics" xxxiii-xxxv.. The birth of Seuglastor was twelve or 15 years later than that of Aurastor, and his death was 34 years later than that of Aurastor. The historical facts cited in this book are all It is in line with the life of Avpresto, but not in his later years. The style of the whole book is also obviously written by Avpresto alone. This marginal note is not taken seriously.

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