Ancient Chinese magic tricks

Chapter 4 Music, Chess, Calligraphy and Painting Department

One Hundred Fireflies (Luminous Painting Secret Art)

Take a hundred fireflies and two coins of mica stone, grind them together into powder, add a little water to mix it, then take a new pen to draw on paper, and then apply the reconciled powder on the painting. Twelve times later, the screen shone like stars.

"Secret Garden of Ancient and Modern"

Turtle Urine Piercing Wood (word through wood stunt)

When the ancients set up boundary labels or other marks, they used turtle urine to write on wood because they were worried that others would use sharp tools to cut or change the handwriting of wooden marks. This handwriting can penetrate the wood core and is not easy to be changed.

"Secret Garden of Ancient and Modern"

See the big in the small (Shadow copying technique)

Big characters are the most difficult to write. Here is a wonderful way to write big characters well: take a piece of paper to write small characters, hang them with a long needle, and nail them to the big paper that has been pasted on the wall.After hanging, turn on a lamp and use the shadow of the lamp to enlarge the small characters onto the big paper. You can freely move the paper with the small characters on the long needle until you are satisfied, and then use charcoal to draw the characters on the big paper. The enlarged characters are traced, and the big characters are written.If you want to enlarge the figures and landscape portraits, you can use this method.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Just wipe it off (removing words)

If you want to remove the handwriting on the paper, you can use calamus root and millet stone to grind into powder, mix it with clean water, and then wipe it on the handwriting. After it dries, wipe it off, and the handwriting will disappear.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Where to escape (Photograph of Stranger)

A native of Fujian, Zeng Bochen, is good at painting portraits. The portraits he paints are famous for their vividness, such as people in the mirror.Before this person, only Dai Wenjin was good at portraiture, which can also be called a wonderful art.According to legend, during the Yongle period, when Wen Jin first arrived in Nanjing and was about to enter Shuiximen, the porter who carried his luggage fled away with his luggage, and he didn't know where he was going.Wen Jin then borrowed paper and pen from the restaurant, traced and painted his portrait, gathered all the porters to recognize him, and said, "This is so-and-so." He went to his house together and got his luggage.It is also said that there is another person who is good at painting portraits named Wu Xiaoxian, who visited Xinghua Village with several kings and grandsons in spring. After drinking, he was thirsty and asked for tea from an old woman in the bamboo forest.In the second year, when she returned to her place, the woman had passed away. Xiaoxian thought to herself, so she drew her portrait with a brush, which was the same as when she was alive.

"Wandering Conversations"

Wu Daozi painting Buddha with backlight

"Famous Paintings" said: "Wu Daozi once painted Buddha statues, leaving the circular aperture unpainted. At a big gathering, he raised his hand in front of everyone and waved, and the circle moved along his hand. And when the painting is finished, everyone who looks at it will be amazed." Naturally, the painter has a way to draw such a thing, as long as he leans his shoulder against the wall and waves his hand at the length of his arm, a circle will naturally be drawn .The thickness of the strokes is based on a finger separated by the wall, and the strokes are naturally uniform, which is not surprising.The beauty of Wu Daozi's paintings is not here, but to surprise the eyes of ordinary people.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

The monk's magic calculation (the secret calculation of the number of the game of Go)
The novel records: The monks and his party in the Tang Dynasty once counted the total number of Go games, and he counted how many games there are.I have also thought about it carefully. Of course it is not difficult, but the number is too large to be expressed by all the numbers in the world.Now let me briefly talk about it. Generally speaking, in the second way of seeing squares, you can conjure 680 kinds of games with four chess pieces.In the three ways of Jianfang, if nine chess pieces are used for the layout, there will be 720 rounds.In the four ways of Jianfang, use 25 chess pieces to lay out, and it can be changed to 470 rounds.In Jianfang Wulu, with 880 chess pieces, three games of 440 can be created. (According to the ancient law: one hundred thousand is a billion, one billion is a trillion, and ten thousand trillion is a zigzag. However, mathematicians always use tens of millions to be a hundred million, trillions to be a trillion, and tens of thousands of trillions to be a dime. Now we only use the calculation Home's counting method counts.) In the square six roads, with 36 pieces layout, can change 94 trillion 350 six innings.For layouts with more than seven routes, the number of rounds changed cannot be counted.If you want to memorize all the changes in the chessboard 920 all the way, you need to write about 360 ten thousand words in succession to get the approximate number of the game. (52 million, the lowest is the ten thousand bureau, the second should be the ten million bureau, the third should be the trillion bureau, the fourth should be the one trillion bureau, the fifth should be the ten thousand trillion bureau, and the sixth should be the ten thousand ten thousand trillion bureau , Wanzi is known as one 第, the seventh is the bureau, the eighth is the 52 -year -old bureau, the ninth is a trillion -dollar bureau, and it cannot be counted. However, after 52 times, The product of the total number is the large number of the total number, and fractions are not included.) The method of playing chess is to change three games along the way. In the future, no matter whether the layout is horizontal or straight, as long as one piece is added, it will be multiplied by three until it increases by 360. At the time of the child, it is still multiplied by three, which is the total number of rounds.There is also an algorithm: first calculate the number of layouts on the sidelines, and use this as the standard (there are 220 routes, so there are 460 innings), and each additional line is based on this standard. Multiply, there are nineteen lines in total, even after multiplication, the total number of chess games can be obtained.There is another algorithm: first multiply the number by itself (it can be obtained that 130 four rounds, which is the total number of rounds with 850 changes in two rows) , the lower digit is placed on the side, the lower digit is multiplied by the upper digit, and the lower digit is multiplied by the lower digit, and it is used as the upper digit, which is placed next to it.There are various calculation methods, but only this one is the most convenient and fast (only five calculations are needed to get the total number of 170 chess games). Even if there are tens of millions of changes, it will not exceed this number, and the number of Go games will be complete.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Yu Qing Horse Fighting (Chess Tactics)
Four people play Go on two sides, there is a way to make our side win.That is, let our weaker chess player be asked to attack quickly and only attack the place where the opponent must save before the enemy is good at it, so that the stronger enemy will be restrained and unable to take care of the overall situation. People with better skills on one side fight people with lesser skills on the other side.This is Yu Qing's method of fighting horses.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Paper ironing (secret method for removing grease from calligraphy and painting)

If the calligraphy and painting are stained with oil, you can use sea octopus and talc for two cents each, keel bone for one cent and five cents, and Angelica dahurica for one cent, and grind them together to make a fine powder, then spread the fine powder on the oily place of the calligraphy and painting, and iron it with paper. Of.If the oil is dirty for a long time, you can soak it with clean water first, and then use this method to remove the oil.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Cool down and collect again (Secret method of posting books)

In the dog days of summer, as soon as the sun rises in the morning, turn the book upside down and place it in a place where the sun can shine. Turn the book over in the afternoon before drying it. Put the book away in the evening and wait until the books are completely cold before stacking them. cabinet.If the book is still warm, it should not be stored, and it must be cooled thoroughly.All calligraphy and paintings, clothes, shoes and hats can be dried by this method before being stored.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Rue Gone House (Secret Art of Collecting Books to Avoid Moths)

There are many ways to prevent moths: camphor, sagebrush, tobacco, and pepper, but they are not as effective as rue.The method of using rue to prevent beetles is to pile up the books in the cabinet and open the door of the cabinet after drying the books in the hot summer, put a stove in the empty space, light a furnace of charcoal, and burn rue. A good cupboard door, these books, bypassed by the rue, are free from moths.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Boil snow water to paste

Store the snow water in the twelfth lunar month, and when mounting paintings and calligraphy, use snow water to boil batter. All calligraphy and paintings made from this snow water paste will never be eaten.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Add yellow wax (insects and mice do not invade calligraphy and painting method)

When mounting calligraphy and painting, put raw alum powder, prickly ash powder, and yellow wax into the paste together, and the calligraphy and painting mounted with this paste will not be invaded by insects and mice.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Pound [-] times (common ink secret method)
Ink-combining method: use good mellow smoke to pound vigorously, after pounding, use a fine silk sieve, put it into the cylinder to sieve grass clippings and dust.The smoke under the sieve is as fine as fine sand, but the smoke is very light, it is not suitable for sifting outside, it is easy to scatter, so you must be careful.Every catty of ink smoke is soaked in ash bark juice with five taels of good glue. The ash bark is the bark of Fanji wood in the south of the Yangtze River. Then put five egg whites (not yellow) into it, use one tael of real cinnabar, one tael of musk, clean it up, sieve it finely, then mix it evenly, add it to the iron mortar, it is better to dry it hard, Also not too wet.About [-] strokes, the more the better.The ink mixing time should not exceed February and September. When it is warm, the ink is easily broken, and the weight of each ingot should not exceed three or two ounces. This is the general principle.Ink ingots are better to be small than to be too big.

"The Art of Qimin"

Better to be small than big (the secret art of pen making)
Brush making method: Wei Zhongjiang's "Bi Fang" said: "First use an iron comb to comb the rabbit hair and sheep green hair to remove the dirty and miscellaneous hairs so that they are not bent and messy." Separate them and pat them with the back of the comb to make them tidy. The tips and the top of the hair must be flattened evenly, flat and easy to use.Use sheep's green wool for clothing, shrink the sheep's green wool to a place two cents below the rabbit's head, then flatten it, and then roll it to a very round shape.Once rolled, tie it as tight as you can.

Put the finished wool in the center, or the center of the clothes - called "pen column", some call it "ink pool" or "cheng ink".Then use the millet ball on the outside of the sheep's green wool, and make the center neat and even and flat in the same way as the column.Bundle it hard and put it into the tube. It is better to let the hair grow longer than to make the pen darker, rather small than big. This is the key to making a pen.

"The Art of Qimin"

Orderly Layers (Speech of Tang Opera)
There is such a poem in "Lianchang Palace Ci" by Yuan Zhen, a poet of the Tang Dynasty: "Xun Xun Da Bian Liangzhou Che". , Po, Xing, Zhongqiang, Tage and other performance levels of Daqu.Each level contains dozens of sections, and each section has to be sung many times.If it is just a selection, it is called "excerpt".The Daqu that people play today are all excerpts, not the original "Dabian".

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Charming Wu Niang's smile is salt

The stick drum in the Tang Dynasty was originally called "two stick drums" because both ends of it were struck with drum sticks when it was played.Today's stick drums are knocked on one end and clapped on the other. This is actually the "Second Drum of Han Zhendi" in the Tang Dynasty.Tang Xuanzong and Song Dynasty were very good at playing this kind of drum music.Its music is mostly solo, such as "Drum and Flute Music" and so on.Today's stick drums are often only used to beat the rhythm, which is far less beautiful than a highly skilled solo.The ancient repertoire of the past has long been lost.A few years ago, when Wang Shi went south, he got a piece of music called "Yellow Emperor Yan" in Jiaozhi, which was the old stick drum song.There are also "Turkic Salt" and "A Que Salt" among the stick drum songs of the Tang Dynasty.Shi Jianwu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once wrote in his poem: "Crazy Chu Ke's song becomes a dream, and charming Wu Niang's smile is salt." This is the true portrayal of the performance at that time.There is also this drum song in the current stick drum score.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

The Wood of the Four Virtues (Secret Art of Selecting Piano Materials)
Although the qin is made of paulownia wood, the paulownia wood must be stored for many years. After the water in the wood is completely evaporated, the sound of the qin will be exciting and beautiful.I once saw a Lushiqin made in the early Tang Dynasty. The wood was so rotten that it could hardly withstand the caress of fingers, but its sound quality was very crisp.I was also fortunate to see a Yueqin preserved by Tao Zhendao, a native of Yue.Legend has it that it was made of dilapidated fir coffins in ancient tombs, and the sound of the piano is very strong and straight.There is a monk named Zhihe in Wudi who owns a qin, the color of the qin is as green as jade, the shaft is made of textured gemstones, and its craftsmanship and timbre have reached a very perfect state.On the belly of the piano are dozens of seal characters inscribed by Li Yangbing, a famous calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty. Quaint.Generally speaking, the materials used to make qin should have the four characteristics of lightness, looseness, brittleness and slipperiness, which are called "four virtues".But the wood is as hard as a stone, and it can also be used as a piano, which I don't understand. "Wild Records" said: "There are more card Tuo trees in the Qiongguan area of ​​Hainan Island, all of which are very rare wood." I suspect that "Jia Tuo Luo" is the card Tuo tree.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

The most wonderful reasoning
When people in the world copy a copybook, most of them will be restrained by the trend of their pens and lose their original flavor.It should be copied indiscriminately, completely ignoring the stippling, but just using the brush according to the old traces, and only then can it make the most of its magic.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Four boxes of broken drumsticks (Tang Jie Drum Records)

When talking about the sound of Jiegu in the preface of "Jiegulu", he described it like this: "The sound of the drum is tight and spreads far away, which is very different from the sound of other musical instruments." The Jiegu music in the Tang Dynasty is only remembered today by an old man in Zhengzhou. can play.The repertoires he played include "Da He Cicada" and "Fountain of Drops".When I was in Fuyan, I once heard him play.Yang Yuansun, who was in charge of Jingyuan's official business, reported the matter to the court, and Emperor Xuan ordered the old man to enter the palace.When Yang Yuansun led the decree to Fuzhou, the old man had already passed away.Since then, the Jiegu music handed down from the Tang Dynasty has been lost.Although there is still the name of the Jiegu song in the music club, it is already in name only.The rapid and lofty drumbeat was never heard again.Tang Xuanzong once talked about Jiegu with Li Guinian and said: "There are four boxes of broken drumsticks." With such a strong force, one can imagine the skill when playing Jiegu.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Fire color is precious (burning chess pieces)
Among the sons of Guangzhi Go in southern Yunnan, Yongchang is the first because of the difference in water and soil.The method of firing chess pieces is unique: with 36 jin of black lead, [-] jin of violet stone, and [-] jin of saltpeter, [-] pairs of chess pieces can be made, and the cost of the work is as much as [-] taels.When the chess pieces come out of the oven, the color is as white as egg green and as black as crow green.If the chess pieces are light-yellow-yellow-green and transparent at home and abroad, no one will want them even if they are given away for free.The chess burner Li Dezhang, the student of Jun Xiang, is the number one. He has been passed down from generation to generation, and his unique skills are never taught to others.

"South China Miscellaneous Notes"

Garlic juice coloring (mystery of porcelain painting coloring)
The world-renowned Jinhua Dingwan is made of paintings, the colors are extremely gorgeous, and the paintings depicted will never come off no matter how worn they are.He has always guarded his skills closely, not to mention that it is difficult for colleagues to acquire skills, and it is rare for non-son-in-law to pass them on.However, it was difficult for the art world to make up for the gaps, and the secret technique was eventually spread. It turned out that the golden flower bowl was painted with garlic juice, and then fired in a kiln, and the color would never fall off.

"Miscellaneous Banknotes of Zhiyatang"

Zhihe "Xiangquan" (Biography of Famous Qin)

There is a monk in Xiangfu Academy in Xiuzhou, whose Buddha name is Zhihe, who keeps a guqin, which is slightly blue in color and has very fine lines, and the shaft for adjusting the strings is made of stone.This piano is exquisitely made, and the phonology is clear and clear.The middle part of the Qin was engraved with 39 characters in seal script by Li Yangbing, the general idea of ​​which is: "The wood produced in Yidao, Nanming, is named Jiatop. "Bi Tan" and "Qin History" written by Zhu Changwen all mentioned this Qin, which is the "Xiangquan" made by Li Mian, Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty. The name "Xiangquan" can be found in "Li Mian Biography".At the end of Song Yuanyou, the monk Zhihe passed away. The state officials reported his affairs to the court, and gave his piano case to the Minister of the Ministry of Gifts, which was registered and kept by Fu Taichang. Some people who love the piano often go to play.

"Mian Shui Yan Tan Record"

Blue Silk Embroidery (Hair Embroidery Stranger)
There was a woman in Gaoyou, whose surname was Wang and whose name was Yuan. She was the wife of Li Bingdan, a Jinshi.I used to embroider the statue of Yingluo with silk hair on silk for relatives.She divided a piece of hair into four, and embroidered the picture with the hair silk, which was so delicate that there were no traces of needlework.Just like a painting, the viewers are all amazed by the unique skill.

Later, when she was very old, someone once sang her praises: "My father's family is Wang Xiangguo, and my husband's family is Li Xiangguo. High mountains and deep forests must store extraordinary treasures. Calligraphy is Mrs. Wei, and painting is Mrs. Guan. If you are leisurely, you should be listed. The old age." It was said to be a grand event for a while.

"The Unofficial History of the Qing Dynasty"

Seeing the Fire Protruding (Gray Painting Notes)
In the Tang Dynasty, there was a skilled craftsman named Zhang Chong who was able to paint gray paintings. He carried painting tools and materials on his waist and could make dragons, fish, birds and beasts. It can't be wiped off, like pottery or porcelain.This skill died with the death of Zhang Chongzhi, and there is no successor.

"The Ruling and the Wild"

Moth Eyebrows Competing for Favor (Moth Green Snail)
During the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the maids in the palace were so attractive that they all competed to draw long eyebrows. For this reason, the officials in the palace gave Luozi Dai Wuhu every day, named "Moth Lvzi".Li He wrote: "Moth green saves Xiaomen." That's it.It is also recorded that Wu Jiangxian, the imperial daughter of the Fengge Palace in the Sui Palace, was good at painting long moths. The palace fought for long moths to follow suit.There is no test for the skill of making moth and green snails in the palace.

"Southern Fireworks Record"

Zhou Big Beard (Strange Man Carved with Bamboo)
Zhou Hao, whose name is Zhiyan, was born in Jiading. He should not take the imperial examination, and he is especially a painter.Jiading first had Zhu Songbang and his son, who carved bamboo with painting techniques, and then Shen Jian and Wu Zhifan, who were also famous for bamboo carving.After Zhou Hao learned the skill of bamboo carving, Xian Jing's skill has repeatedly created new ideas.The mountains, waters, trees, stones, and clumps of bamboo he made were made with a knife like a brush, and the texture was thick and light, concave and convex, vivid and profound, and was said to be a masterpiece at that time.Zhou Hao gave birth to a full beard, was extremely addicted to alcohol, and had a strange temperament. He died at the age of eight or nine.

"Chuyue Building Hearing and Seeing Record"

Kneading Iron Like Mud (Iron Painted Aliens)
Tang Peng, an iron worker in Wuhu, can knead iron to paint, flowers, bamboos, insects and birds, the music is full of brilliance, and he can also make landscape barriers.Those who love Tang Peng's craftsmanship frame the iron painting screen with a wooden frame and hang it on the wall of the hall.What's more ingenious is that the four-sided picture screen is combined into one lamp, which is an unprecedented ingenuity of hammering.After Tang Peng died, his unique skills were lost.Renzhi Zhu Wenzao has a poem of praise: "At first glance, it looks like ink is splashed on silk, and the landscape and figures are all embedded in the air. The wind is beautiful and the colors move the orchids and bamboos, and the snow supports the old stems and pines. Clothes are most suitable for the dawn of spring night, with thousands of branches and ten thousand pistils growing on emerald rocks. The old traces of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties can be seen together, and the feeling becomes bleak and the spirit decreases."

"Miscellaneous knowledge of cold house"

Who falls into a dream with a pillow of wine (Longxi Jade Carving Records)

In Longxi there is a statue carved from jade, about three inches long, lying on a pillow.The quality of the jade is exceptionally clear, red as a gemstone, and it was bought for thousands of gold.There is also an agate cup, with a red sun faintly appearing beside the cup. When the wine is poured into the cup, the red sun will sink to the west, and a piece of melting light will appear, like a red sun bathing in the sea.This cup is called "Sea and Sky Luozhao".There is also a statue of Emperor Yuguan, with a red face and a white body, which is said to belong to the Chai family. In Wang Shiyuan's home, there are twelve zodiac signs all carved from Liangyu.Among them is a horse, which is colorful and carved according to its shape and color. It is a real rare treasure.In the Longxi area, it is not easy to produce many treasures, but it is even more difficult to pass on the jade carving skills to the world.There are endless wars and vicissitudes, even if there is a world-class stunt, it is in vain. Therefore, a beautiful man and a good horse are more and more precious.

"Returning to the Field"

The Swan Flies Alone (Song Taizong Chess Notes)
Song Taizong took care of all kinds of situations, and in his spare time, he liked playing chess very much. He carefully figured out the chess formations and created three formations by himself: one is "the situation of thousands of miles away from the opposite side";To the close ministers at that time, all the three moves were awarded.Therefore, Wang Yuanyou wrote in a poem: "Taizong is multi-talented and multi-skilled, and he can turn chess in his spare time. The opposite is the first, and the swan flying alone is the second. The third is to take the pearl from the bottom of the sea, and the three formations are all imperial. Send Xuan Lai to serve your close ministers, and the secrets of heaven and secrets will force ghosts and gods." Therefore, I especially remember the incident.

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Jade Toad Smoking (Jade Carving Records)
In the city of Gusu, there was a scholar who had a jade toad at home, with its mouth open and its stomach empty.When burning incense, put the jade toad next to the incense burner.The smoke was exhausted into the stomach, and after a long time, the smoke slowly spewed out from the mouth of the toad.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Bamboo Zhi (Hou Zhi Ji)
"Qun Sui Lu" said: The cloth cover that wraps the book is called Zhi, and the ancients must wrap it outside the scroll, just like the current bundle.Song Zhenzong took the "Bai Juyi Collection" from Donglin Temple in Lushan, ordered Chongwen Academy to write the school, and sent it to the temple in a package of mottled bamboo.I once saw a scroll of Wang Youcheng's paintings at Xiang's home in Xiushui.Wrapped in mottled bamboo paper, it is said to be from the Song Dynasty.The inside of it is followed by thin silk to prevent the book from being worn out in the Zhi, so the character Zhi belongs to the side of the scarf.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Inside and outside the bullpen (different notes on two-color paintings)

"Yesterday's Dream Records" records that Empress Li of the Southern Tang Dynasty had a "Cow Herding Picture" dedicated to Song Taizong. In the picture, a cow is seen eating grass outside the pen during the day, while a cow is seen sleeping inside the pen at night.Emperor Taizong asked his ministers why none of them knew why this was the case. The only monk Zan Ning said: "This is because it is painted with Hainan pearl resin blended with pigments, so it can only be seen at night; if it is painted with Wojiao Mountain stone, it can be seen." It can only be seen during the daytime. This painting is made by painting a cow in each of two colors." As far as I know, Zhuzhi has no other experience, and Wojiao Mountain is not a place that can be reached by human beings. I am afraid this is a sudden inspiration , temporarily adopt the theory of discrimination, in order to answer it.Qiu Zhigang's "Jun Lin Confidential" thinks that taking the tear-like liquid from a large mussel that has not yet formed beads, and immediately mixing it with ink, so that those who want to see it in the daytime can draw it under the sun, and those who want to see it at night can draw it under the moon. painting.This statement seems reasonable, but tears may be hard to come by.After all, this matter has not been personally tested, so I dare not blindly judge its right from wrong.

"Wandering Conversations"

The Emperor's Lantern Tour
During the Southern Song Dynasty, after viewing the chrysanthemum lanterns in September, the Forbidden City often held a preview of the lantern show.Entering the first lunar month of the new year, the lights at night are becoming more and more prosperous. Every year, the Lantern Festival has new ideas.All kinds of lamps are often hung in Gufu, Yingfu, Qingyan, Minghua and other halls, as well as in Xuandemen, Meitang, and Sanxiantai.There are many varieties of lanterns. Every year, "Su lanterns" are the most beautiful. The largest ones are three or four feet in diameter. They are all made of five-color colored glass.Later, the lamps brought into Fuzhou were all made of pure white jade, dazzling and dazzling, like ice-clear jade pots, refreshing the mind.In recent years, the lamps imported by Xin'an have become more and more rare. Although there are ring-bone lamp stands, they are all made of colored glaze, known as "boneless lamps".The imperial court once ordered him to make a glazed lantern mountain, which was five feet high, and used organs to make the characters on it move freely.Build a good lamp mountain, and build a big colorful building to store it.On the wall between the beams and windows of the hall, lamps showing various stories were made.Like a dragon and a phoenix spraying water, winding like life, it becomes the crown of all lights.There are jade grid curtains at the front and back of the hall, and the precious light and flower shadows cannot be looked at squarely.There is a band in it, silk, bamboo and zither, playing new songs repeatedly, which are well-known in the world.There are five-color glazed pavilions on the hall, all of which are playing dragons and phoenixes among the flowers.A small crystal curtain hangs between the small windows, and tassels and precious belts reflect the brilliance.There is a royal seat in the middle, as if you are in Guanghan Qingxu Mansion in the Moon Palace.At the time of the second drum, the emperor took a small chariot to Xuandemen to watch Aoshan.People who push and pull the small chariot walk backwards in order to watch the lamp mountain.I saw the golden furnace brain musk deer like auspicious clouds, with five colors shining brightly, shining on the world. There are thousands of kinds of Aoshan lamps, which are extremely novel, strange and omnipresent. "Four large characters.There are many actors, officials and musicians playing music, reciting slogans and giving speeches.A huge open-air stage is built under it, and a group of artists compete to perform strange skills.More than a hundred wives dressed in all kinds of costumes, disguised as puppets of Qingle in the neighborhood, sang and danced, lingering under the moonlight. The purpose is to call for the city dance team and the city food plate rack car to enter.Therefore, the singers who were waiting outside first sang and shouted in unison, and the market dance team and the Jinxian market food tray truck rushed in after hearing the sound.First of all, it is presented to the emperor, and concubines and concubines compete to buy it with gold, silver and jewels. The seller often gets the value several times, and some become rich overnight.In this way, it was not until late at night that more than a hundred fireworks were announced.Then the music played everywhere, and the shadows of the candles criss-crossed. Only then did the emperor get up and drive back to the palace.

"Old Stories of Wulin"

Moving Water and Lights (Southern Song Dynasty Lantern Art Records)

In the Southern Song Dynasty, during the Lantern Festival on the Lantern Festival, there were many lamp products, and those from Suzhou and Fuzhou were the most.Although Xin'an came out late, it is also exquisite.The so-called "boneless lamp" is made by storing millet in a silk sac as a tire, burning it, and removing the millet, it looks like a glass ball, and the scenery is ingenious and unparalleled.Another large screen was made, watering and turning, and all things moving.When Zhao Zhonghui was the prefect of Wu, he once asked people to build the five rooms of Chunyu Hall. On the left is the Bianjing Imperial Building, and on the right is the Wulin Lantern Market.In addition, there are carp lamps, which are decorated with golden amber tortoiseshell; bead lamps, which use five-color beads as drooping tassels, or stories about dragon boats, phoenix chariots, and towers; Such as the method of shadow play; there are many Luobo lanterns and the like, either with a hundred flowers, or with thin eyes, with red and white in between, and those called "Wanyan Luo" are the most ingenious.In addition, there are five-color stencils, bodhi leaves, and figures riding on horses and lanterns in Ruosha, spinning like flying.There is also a boudoir Qiaowa, which is made of paper-cut, especially exquisite.He also used silk lanterns to cut out poems, sometimes to imply ridicule, and to draw characters, hide his head and hide his words, and old Beijing jokes to tease pedestrians.A noble mansion came up with a new idea, weaving thin bamboo threads into lamps, and decorating the outside, it is bright and lovely.Mu Ling liked it so much that he ordered him to make a hundred lamps and finish them within a time limit.However, the deadline was approaching, and it was difficult to finish, so I cut and dyed it with yellow grass cloth, and it was no different from bamboo. It took only two days, and a hundred lamps were made into the palace.

"Old Stories of Wulin"

Fine Needle Arch Painting (Craft Painting Qilin)

Niu Yuqiao, courtesy name Xiu.He said that there was a man named Qiushan who was very good at painting, especially good at arch painting. All figures, towers, landscapes, flowers and trees could be arched on paper with nails and fine needles. The depth is comparable to that of famous ancient paintings.Note: I have seen a kind of weaving painting in central Fujian recently.It is woven with torn paper of various colors, and the landscape, figures, flowers and birds are arranged and colored. All aspects are perfect and wonderful. It is no different from embroidery. It is hard to see that it is woven with torn paper. This is also a miraculous skill. .

"Xiangzu Notes"

One lamp per year (Umbrella lamp technique)

At the annual Lantern Festival in Shanghai, umbrella lights are the most chic.This kind of lamp is made into an umbrella shape, some are round, some are hexagonal, and they are often decorated with brocade paper as thin as a cicada's wing.It takes a year to make an umbrella lamp, even if it costs hundreds of dollars.But in the Lantern Festival, the umbrella lanterns appear the latest, and each time they wait until the other kinds of lanterns are in full bloom, around the birthday of Baihua, the umbrella lanterns start to flourish, forming the climax of the lantern festival.There are as many as two or three hundred lamps, interspersed with multicolored Wu Ling and folded branch lanterns. Occasionally, birds, fish, cicadas, and butterflies are dotted among them, flying and dancing among the umbrella lanterns.At the Lantern Festival, there are also colorful pavilions, which are three or four feet high. They are called lift pavilions, decorated with dragons and phoenixes, and made of marble. Beautiful children performed dramas, such as "The Palace of Eternal Life: Yuhuan Worshiping the Moon".In the beast stove, a wisp of cigarette smoke rises slowly, and the moon palace appears in the smoke. Chang'e stands on the left side of the hall, with maids on the left and right, each holding a palace fan, and on the fan are two stars of Cowherd and Weaver Girl.Looking at it, it seems that you are in the sky, floating in the sky.The group of lights stretched for several miles, shining as bright as day, and the sound of shengxiao, drums and music continued all night long.However, since the opening of Shanghai, there is no longer such a grand scene.Zhang Qiupu's "Song of the Years" once wrote: "On a moonlit night, the flute walks on the green wall, and the bead curtain hangs on the small building. Wu Ling loses the paper of public opinion, and Miao is good at counting umbrella lights in Jiangxiang." According to another record, For the making of umbrella lamps, the paper is more expensive than silk.The so-called "Tanjian" is the local product of the city.

"Qingbo Xiaozhi"

Li Zhaogu (an alien fan maker)
According to the records of Gu Dongjiang Ji, during the Chenghua and Hongzhi periods of the Ming Dynasty, the fan bones made by Li Zhao in Liudu were of the best quality.Once, when the author went to Xu Jian'an to serve as the palace, Xu gave the author a Jinling Yangshi fan. The author wrote a poem to express his gratitude.The next day, Xu and the author met in Chaoban. Xu asked the author where Li Zhaozhi came from, and the author only answered according to the records in Dongjiang Collection.Later, when I read "Jinling Trivia", I realized that Li Zhao, Li Zan, and Jiang Cheng made the most exquisite fan bones, and Xu Shousu, Jiang Che, and Li Xin repaired ancient bronze wares like gods.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Indistinguishable between the authentic and the fake (different engraved scripts)
According to legend, the Wujiang Zhenze Wang family of the Ming Dynasty copied the engraved version of "Historical Records" from the Song Dynasty, which was engraved by Shangbao Shaoqing Wang Tingzhe during the Hongzhi period.It is said that there was a bookseller who asked for a copy of the Song Dynasty for [-] gold. Tingzhe copied the original copy and finished it in one month without the slightest difference. .

"Antique Trivia"

Sucking powder and grinding Zhu (stacking paper to draw strangers)

Wang Qiushan is good at making arch paintings. All figures, towers, landscapes, flowers and trees can be arched on the paper with fingernails and fine needles. The height is only about one point above the paper. , The depth of the layout, all of them imitate the famous ancient paintings, and their skills are so superb that no one can pass them on.

"The Leftovers"

Xiaowan Sticker Fan (Biography of Velvet Painting)

"Suiyuan Poetry Talk" says: Rugao woman Shi's school of immortals is the daughter of Shi Gong Rusong, a Jinshi in the Wuchen year. She is married to Sha Youwen.Rugao's traditional ribbon-cutting and velvet flowers and birds started from learning immortals.Wang Lansun of Huating, courtesy name Huizhu, married Zhusheng Chengban, and was also good at pasting velvet flowers, which was praised by the world. I don't know which of the two daughters came first.Shangshu Pan Zengying wrote "Dong Xiaowan's Song of Sticking Plum Fans", saying that the craft of cutting scarves and velvet has a long history, and it was not Shi's original creation.

"Antique Trivia"

Drunken and dexterous
During the Ming Dynasty, Li Wenfu of Jinling was good at engraving ivory seals.Fang Zhongfang, a She native, was good at engraving boxwood chapters.Lin Jinzi from Putian is good at engraving crystal medals. He often engraves them after he is drunk, and he does whatever he wants. He doesn't even feel that he is engraving on crystals.According to him, if he doesn't drink alcohol, his wrists and fingers will be weak, and only when he is drunk can he be dexterous and carve a good seal.There was Zhou Ersen in Wuzhong, his son Zhou Yixian, father and son were good at engraving jade seals, but they used the sand grinding method.Only the jade chapters made by Jiang Haochen, a Sheren, are always carved with knives. They are skilled and as easy as sand.He said: Hard people are easy to gain power, and jade is hard. After cutting jade, it always feels like rotten stone.The guest died in the country of Huangxiang in Wenling, and kept a seal book, which was treasured by his concubine.According to Cao Qiuyue: Since the death of Jiang Haochen, there is no longer anyone who can carve jade in the world.

"Antique Trivia"

Birds, beasts, turtles and dragons (button making aliens)

Zhang Rizhong, courtesy name Heqian, was a child of Piling's old family, and he worshiped Jiang Lieqing as his teacher.Most of the Han people in the north made buttons out of ivory and wood, which could create new ideas.There are birds, beasts, turtles and dragons, which are winding and lively.After a while, Yang Ji, a rising star, was on par with Zhang Rizhong, but neither Tao Bi nor Zhou Bin could compare with him, and Zhang was also good at making molds.

"Antique Trivia"

Wang Pan's ingenious thinking (a stranger among craftsmen)

Wang Pan, a native of Wu, whose name is Hezhou, is exquisitely decorated and unrivaled in the world.In the early years, from Yanshenggong to the gate of Chengdaming and Liangzhending, two prime ministers, I saw a lot of antiques, and I also got their narratives, so I was good at identifying them.In addition to decorating calligraphy and painting, Wang Pan is especially good at making various utensils, such as pen holders, incense boxes, incense plates, stove mats, chess doves, stamp boxes, etc., with novel styles and elegant craftsmanship.In his later years, he lived abroad in Baimen, and he no longer made it himself. Most of his works came from the hands of his descendants and women. Although the method of making was taught by Pan himself, it is rare to get the samadhi.Ten years ago, he interviewed Wu Xing, who has passed away.

"Retreat Valley Series"

Broad bamboo bone fan (fan bone record)

Diary of June 38th, [-]th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty: Sheng Deqian gave the author a broad bamboo bone fan made by Liu Yonghui, a Wu man in the Zhengde period, and said: Although the fan work is trivial, it is so solid and delicate, and its production method , is really a stunt.

"Wei Shui Xuan Diary"

Die from God Consumption (Song Taizong Golden Belt History)

It is said that Song Taizong got a craftsman, and Emperor Taizong personally supervised him to make a total of 28 gold belts under Ziyun Tower. This craftsman died of exhaustion.Emperor Taizong gave one to Cao Bin and one to himself for imperial use, and told him to follow him into Xiling after his death. The remaining [-] lives were stored in the warehouse, known as the "Town Warehouse Belt".He also said that the thirteen priests of Zhongxing came from overseas and suddenly took out a purple cloud belt. He only showed it to the author with a four-inch wide belt. Everyone in Zui Fulin is smiling, less than an inch long, but their eyebrows are lifelike and vivid, even Wu Daozi's paintings cannot compare with it.There are also seven levels of clouds on the pattern, which can be seen layer by layer. The essence of seal script, and its subtle images, are almost indescribable by ghosts and gods.Moreover, in the past, all kinds of gold belts were not big, but this belt was only as big as twelve sash, and it was the treasure of the imperial court in the past.

"Talks on the Iron Wai Mountains"

Green water point is lush (material filament lamp record)

Filament lamps come from southern Yunnan, and the golden-toothed ones are the best. They are made of agate, purple quartz and other medicines, and then boiled and rotten like powder. Then it is reeled into silk, and then woven into extremely thin silk, on which figures, landscapes, etc. are painted, which are extremely crystal clear and lovely, and the price is also precious.Because it is made into silk by cooking materials, it is called material silk.A lamp made of filament is called a filament lamp. (Note: Xue Hui in the Ming Dynasty, courtesy name Junlai, has "Song of Silk Lamps" which says: Huainan jade is used as a bowl, and Xijing gold is used as branches. The smoke does not hinder the view, and the fog does not hold it. The rosy clouds are colorless, and the clouds are thick and shallow. Burning orchids emit fragrance, and reflect redness on bamboo. The bright moon must be extravagant, and the night light can be scoffed. ——Excerpt from "Poetry Collection of Lie Dynasty")
"Antique Trivia"

Brush painting (blind craftsman skill)

Jiasou in Pingyang, blind in both eyes, could carve statues of gods.There is a Buddha statue carved by him in the Zhongsi Temple of Jiaocheng County, with strict appearance.The monks in the temple said that Jia Suo set up the wooden embryo before carving, and rubbed the embryo with his hands, so that he could understand the meaning and move like the wind.From this, I remembered that there was an eyeless monk in Zhaozhou, who could spray ink and color on the canvas to paint. Mao Tiju had a painting in his house, which showed a tiger squatting under a big tree, and a green tiger lying next to it, the tiger's eyes shone like gold. , looks hairy.

"Continuing Yi's Will"

Bing Zhou Yiye (Carved Nucleus Alien)

Wang Shuyuan of Yushan Mountain has unique skills, and can carve all kinds of miniature carvings on walnuts, which are lifelike and as thin as a hair, and everything is clear.One day, together with Chen Liangqing and Tu Yongming, they came to the author's house in Chunbo Xindi, and gave the author a nuclear boat, only eight minutes long, with a canopy in the middle, and four portholes on both sides, each with a window pivot. It can be opened and closed, and there is a rail inside when it is opened.There is an old man at the bow of the boat, sitting on the back of his belly. There are tables on the left and right. There is a scroll on the left table and a stove on the right table. The old man holds a book in his hand.At the stern of the boat, there was a person sitting sideways, and a scull was placed on the canopy.There is a tea stove on the side, with a hole under the tea stove, and a teapot on the tea stove, with a mouth and a handle.The eyebrows and clothes of the carved figures are very clearly visible.There are two characters on each of the four portholes, which say in total: "The sky is high and the moon is small, and the truth comes out." There are three characters "Wang Shuyuan" on the bottom of the boat, and there is a small seal below it, such as Bansu, which says: "Wang Yiyin".

"Liuyanzhai Notes"

Dongpo Pleasure Boat
In the city of Gusu there lived an old man surnamed Jin. He was very simple in appearance, but he had the skill of carving thorns and dust.Among his miniature sculptures, one is the most bizarre, which is to use a walnut to carve a boat on Dongpo.In the shape of the boat, the upper dome and the lower are calm and relaxed.In the middle is a square warehouse, with patterns on the left and right sides, and two short windows that can be opened and closed.Open the window and look out, there are a few or three chairs in the warehouse, with towels and robes and many beards, those who sit and lean against the window and look out are Dongpo.The person who wears Zen clothes and crowns on the opposite side of Dongpo, and bows to them is Master Foyin.There are 32 cards vertically and horizontally on the table, as if they are about to erase the cards.A young man sits in the corner of the cabin, and the person who plays the flute across the hole is a follower.At the head of the boat is a boy with a tea pan next to him, with a flat head and short jacket, holding a fan in his right hand, bent over to fan the fire.At the stern of the boat is an old man, wearing straw sandals in a bun, standing on a slant and swaying an oar, all the equipment for poles and cables outside the cabin, and the shape of the dizzying sill and eaves and curtains are all complete.Carefully measure its body, the size is no more than two fingernails.In the spring of the 37th year of Kangxi, Song Gongluo, governor of the south of the Yangtze River, had a vessel in his possession. The porthole on the left side was damaged and no one could repair it. Hearing the name of Jinlao, he gave ten silver cakes to Jinlao to repair.Jin Lao said: "This is also made by my own hands. There are people in the world who have the same eyesight and thoughts as me. However, there is no one who is coincidentally the same as me. I have Four sons, only the third son taught me a little bit of the Dharma, but did not get the essence, let alone others?"

Also, when Zhu Renzhan of Wuhu was the magistrate of Gaoling County, he carried a white jade cage with a family possession. , there is an ape in a cage, sitting and looking up, the mood is extremely vivid, and its exquisite carving is suspected to be the work of ghosts and gods.

"The Leftovers"

Rubbing in the dark (miniature aliens)
Yu Xiaoxuan, Jiangdu, is good at miniature carvings. He can carve a thousand characters on an inch-square object, and the asking price is one or two hundred gold.Orientals and Westerners are competing for it, but it is difficult to obtain it.Xiaoxuan used to be an official to the county magistrate. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, he abandoned his official position and made a living as a performer. He did not teach his engraving method, but he did it at will.Ordinary people can only recognize it with the best of their eyesight, and they are orderly, without any failure, which is really a unique skill.

"Antique Trivia"

Mosquito eyebrows (Zhu's microcarving)
Jiading Lianchuan Zhu's ancestors were originally from Xin'an, and moved to Songjiang County in the Song Dynasty.His family lived separately in the countryside since the man named Crane.Crane, with the word Songlin, is proficient in ancient seal script, is good at engraving seals, and is also a micro-carver. He can carve landscapes, figures, pavilions, birds and beasts on objects less than one inch in size. Unexpected.Some experts and good workers saw his works, and they all said that their skills were almost inferior to his.Crane's temperament is lonely and clean, and he is out of harmony with the vulgar.His works were not easy to obtain at that time, but the treasures handed down in the world today, such as the Pine Neighbor Hairpin, were made by Crane himself and are still treasured by collectors who love antiques.Crane's son, named Ying, styled Qingfu, was able to inherit his father's career, was influenced by his father, was deeply ingenious, and strived for perfection in every work, so his skills became more and more perfect, and people called him Xiaosong.He once imitated the paintings of Tang Wu Daozi, engraved the statue of Arhat, and made a string of rosary beads. His blades were as thin as the eyebrows of mosquitoes, all of which were ready to move, and each had a modality; .Ying has been well-behaved since he was a teenager, and his words and actions are polite.When he was weak, his friends took advantage of his drunkenness to invite prostitutes to live with him and locked the door behind him. Ying remained unmoved, so people respected him very much.However, his nature is only addicted to drinking, and after middle age, he often falls into drunkenness.Whenever I finish a work, I always get drunk.His son's name is Zhizheng, his style name is Sansong, and he is also skilled in his skills.However, it is not easy to make, and it takes about a year to make each one. Sometimes his family members urged him to hurry up, and he said: "Am I a profit-seeking person? How can I live up to the reputation passed down by my ancestors? What about it?” People say that Xiaosong’s fame hides his neighbors, and Sansong’s fame hides Xiaosong.In fact, the name of Pine Neighborhood began to become popular in his later years, and it flourished in Xiaosong, and Sansong followed the rest.Today Jiading bamboo carving has a unique name, which is said to be derived from Zhu's technique.

"Ink Yulu"

A sesame seed (miniature alien)

Deng Zhangfu, also known as Deng Yao, was born in Jiangyin, and his ancestors were from Annan.He is good at fine writing. The "Luo Shen Fu" written by him is only an inch in length and width, but the strands are analyzed, and the handle is fine and vigorous. The eight methods are vigorous and orderly.He can also write a quatrain on a grain of rice.It is said that Shi Shengyu, who was praised by Wang Menglou, was also good at fine writing.Among the ancients, it seems that there was a teacher in the later Han Dynasty who could write a thousand words in a square inch. Liang Hu accepted his method, and he was more important than Wei Wu.Zhangfu may also be able to master this unique skill and write "Min Xiaoji" in a small space.Fuqing Guo once visited him, and saw all Tao's poems written on a single page, with imitation strokes and meticulous attention to detail.In addition, a certain secretary, Weng Qinxi, wrote the four characters "Longevity without borders" on a sesame seed every New Year's Day. His eyesight gradually declined in his later years, and he was able to write the four characters "Emperor Wannian".

"Chibei Occasional Talk"

Clay Pot Throwing Lice (Dao Hua Yiren)

There is an old man Tian in Xijing, nicknamed Wapenzi, who is over 70 years old.His "Yao Min Tu" is a painting made of rice birch bark with green silk as the base of the picture.When this person paints, he often takes a small hole in the dark room for lighting, and talks and laughs with the host and guest while painting. He once pretended to take out several lice from his sleeve and throw them on the clothes of the guests. Look for catches on clothes.His skills are so strong, his personality is resolute, and he is self-confident in his art. He does not give away paintings easily. When he does not want to paint, even if he is given a thousand dollars, he will not paint.Rice paintings have never been seen in books, so this person should be the first.

"Continuing Yi's Will"

Pan Chibi on Dongpo (Different micro-carvings)

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a miniature carver named Wang Shuyuan, who once gave a friend a nuclear boat, engraved with the great poet Su Dongpo rafting on Chibi.The head and tail of the nuclear boat are a little over eight fen long, and the height is only like two grains of grain.The middle cabin is open and covered with a canopy.There are four small windows on the left and right, totaling eight.When you open the window, you can see the railings at a glance.When you close it up, you can see that "the mountain is high and the moon is small, but the rocks come out" is engraved on the right, and "the breeze is coming, the waves are calm" is engraved on the left.It was glued on with azurite.There are three people sitting on the bow, Su Dongpo is in the middle with a towering crown and many beards, Foyin (Monk Liaoyuan) is on the right, and Luzhi (Huang Tingjian) is on the left.Su and Huang read a scroll together. Dongpo held the end of the scroll with his right hand and stroked Lu Zhi's back with his left hand; Lu Zhi held the end of the scroll with his left hand and pointed to the scroll with his right hand, as if talking.Dongpo shows his right leg, Lu Zhi shows his left, each slightly sideways, with their knees facing each other and hidden in the folds of their robes.Foyin is very similar to Maitreya Buddha, with his breasts exposed and his head raised, his expression seems to be unrelated to Su and Huang.Bow your right knee, bend your right arm to support the boat, and stand up on your left knee, leaning on it with rosary beads on your left arm, and the rosary beads are countless.A paddle is placed across the stern of the boat, and there is a boatman on each side of the paddle.The person on the right is looking up with a bun, leaning on a balance beam with his left hand, and clasping his right toe with his right hand, as if whistling; the person on the left is looking straight at the eyes, with a calm face, holding a palm fan with his right hand, and stroking the stove with his left hand. There is a pot on the stove, as if listening to the sound of tea shape.The back of the boat is slightly flat, and the name is inscribed on the back of the boat. The text says: "Apocalypse Renxu Autumn Day, Yushan Wang Yishu Yuan just carved it." The characters are black in color, as thin as a mosquito's foot, but clearly outlined.It also uses a seal seal, and the text says: "Pingshan people at the beginning." It is printed with color pills.There are five people in one boat, eight windows, one awning, one oar, one stove, one pot, one hand scroll, one rosary, and a total of 34 characters in couplets, inscriptions and seal characters.The total length is less than an inch, and it is made of peach core pruning and carefully carved.

"Yu Chu Xin Zhi"

Orpiment (yellow paper making)
The ancients used yellow paper to write books, so they are called yellow scrolls.Yan Zhitui said: "If you haven't read all the books in the world, you should not use orpiment." The color of orpiment is similar to that of paper, so the word "opiment" is used to refer to scrolls, which means that the yellow paper used for writing books is different from the yellow paper commonly used. , to avoid misunderstandings.Today people have written books with blank paper, but some good people still use the word orpiment to refer to books, which is really neither fish nor fowl.However, Taoists and Buddhists still use yellow paper to write books. "Qi Min Yao Shu" records the method of making orpiment. Some people may ask: Why did the ancients use yellow paper?As everyone knows, there is a certain reason for it, because using the juice of tiller wood as yellow dye to dye paper can prevent insects from eating paper.Nowadays, imperial edicts and notices of imperial courts and officials mostly use yellow, so private individuals avoid using it.

"Song Jingwen Gong Notes"

Children's Surprised Tower (Different Micro-Carvings)
Wang Shuming can finely carve palaces, utensils, and figures with wood inches in diameter, without any dissimilarity.He also carved a Tianfeng Pagoda out of wood.The tower is about three inches high, a little over eight minutes in circumference, hexagonal, and has seven levels.The outside of the pagoda is carved with Tang bricks and Song stones, the color is gray, as if it was hundreds of years ago.The top of the tower is covered with an iron urn, which is rust-colored.There are wild flowers and autumn trees next to it. The trees are in a winding shape, and the flowers are like fragrance.The erosion pattern of iron, the peeling pattern of stone, the decay pattern of brick, the splendor of flower, and the falling leaf of wood all seem to be true and not false.The pavilion inside the tower is open, with a total of [-] floors, separated by wooden boards, and there are spiral ladders winding up from each floor.Inside the door sits a Tutuo, with a table next to it, leaning on the table with his left elbow, holding a fan in his right hand, bare chested and bearded, as if afraid of the lingering summer heat.Landscape figures are painted on the wall beside the table.There are three people on the top floor of the tower, each leaning on a window, an old man bowed his head and climbed the railing; If it looks like whistling, the clothes hang on the left arm, and the clothes are swaying, like the wind blowing, the clothes are erratic.This kind of micro-carving kung fu is a must.

"The Unofficial History of the Qing Dynasty"

Don't choose paper in a hurry (raw paper and cooked paper)
The paper produced by the Tang people can be divided into raw paper and cooked paper.Cooked paper is researched into a wonderful glow, and raw paper is not used unless there is a funeral.Tuizhi and Chen Sushu said: It is not disrespectful to write the Preface to Mengjiao on raw paper, but it is really urgent, and I can't choose paper to write.The method of making cooked paper and raw paper has no successors today.

"Shaw Records"

"Entering the Penglai Palace" (Shuanglong Mo Ingredients)
The materials used in Shuanglong ink have always been the secret of the imperial court, and it is rare to see some leaks in the poems.Su Dongpo wrote in his poem: "Isinglass is cooked with ten thousand pestles, and rhino horn is used to hold double dragons. Mo Cheng dared not use it, so he entered Penglai Palace." It can be seen that fish glue and rhino horn are the two materials for making ink.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Dilophosaurus (Ink technique by Lee Jung-gyu)

Li Chao, Yishui Renshi.At the end of Tang Dynasty, Li Chao and his son Li Tinggui lived in exile in Shezhou.The boundary of Shezhou is full of thousand-year-old pines, so Li's father and son stayed here and became famous all over the world for making ink.The ink ingots made by Li's father and son have Jianchun round cake noodles, and the ink is covered with dragon patterns, which is a unique skill.In Jiayouzhong, Emperor Renzong had a banquet with his close ministers in Qunyu Hall, and bestowed gifts on them with Li Shimo, saying: "This is Xin'an fragrant ink, which is as precious as pearls and jade, and all ministers should cherish it." Most of them are Baomo made by Li's father and son, among which Li Tinggui's "Dinolophosaurus" is a masterpiece.

"Mian Shui Swallow Talk"

Boundless children and grandchildren (Jiuzimo)

Lu Shilong said in a letter to his brothers: There is a custom in the folks, those who get married send Jiu Zimo to congratulate them, in order to get more children.And wrote in the congratulatory speech: The ink of the nine sons is hidden in the pine smoke, and the nature is long-lived, and the descendants are boundless.

"The Four Treasures of the Study"

Gold Tube and Silver Tube (Sanpin Pen)

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Emperor Liang Yuan recorded the beauty of articles written by loyal ministers and literati for Wang Tang in eastern Hunan, with three grades of pens.People who are loyal and filial use a golden tube pen; those who are virtuous and virtuous use a silver tube pen;

In addition to bamboo tube pens, gold tube pens and silver tube pens are rarely seen among the people.There is no record of the technology of making gold and silver pen tubes.

"Tree Xuanlu"

Dead wood is pipe (made by Meng Tian)
In the counties of Panyu, most of them use green wool as their brushes, or use the hairs of mountain pheasants, foxes, rats, deer, and raccoons.Dong Zhongshu answered Niu Hengzhi's question and said: "Meng Tian used dead wood as a pipe, deer hair as a pillar, and wool as a quilt to make a brush."

"Tree Xuanlu"

Why Gold and Jade (Commentary by Wang Xizhi)

Wang Xizhi's "The Book of Pencils" said: "Some people have seen the legacy of green sinking lacquer bamboo pipes and hollowed pipes, so they can also be played with. They must be golden and jade?" Green sinking lacquer bamboo pipes and hollow pipes are rare in later generations, and their skills have long been lost.

"Beginners"

Lying alone in an ancient cabinet

Han Fengzi, a native of Qiantang, also known as Yunshan, possesses the unique skill of mending and smashing.All stone inkstones, even though they are hundreds of fragments, as long as the fragments are not lost, they still seem to be undamaged after mending.Fengzi can also repair ancient bronzes, but repairing inkstone is the best.Living in Puqiao, surrounded by earth walls, the door is like a dog's hole, overnight without a bed, lying alone in an ancient cabinet, talking to people without distinction, going to the restaurant as soon as they get money, and doing everything in one fell swoop. people.His skill of mending inkstone is also practiced alone in the ancient cabinet, and no one can see it, so it is difficult to pass on to the world, and it must be absolutely.

"Research North Magazine"

Three liang of pearls (precious ink making technique)
Baomo is rare, and Li Tinggui is the most. However, his method of making ink is like a cloud locking a mountain gate, which is difficult to see.

Baomo originated from the official curtain.In the Houliang, Southern Tang, and Ershu, all of them were masters of writing, and there were officials in charge of pen, ink and paper in various places. There was Zhang Yu in Liang, Li Zhongxuan in Shu, and Li Tinggui and his son in Southern Tang.Tingguimo has different shapes and forms. There are round cakes with a dragon plate and a sword spine; there are four thick and long sword spines with two pointed ends;The original ink is made of three taels of pearls and one tael of jade chips, pounded with a pestle.Therefore, the precious ink made is strong enough to cut wood, and it will not be broken after a month if it is dropped in water.Soak the grinding place with water before use, otherwise it will damage the inkstone surface.

"Seven revisions"

Wang Mo Cai Mo (ink making technique)

Wang Jinqing used gold and cinnabar to make ink.Mocheng, the price is equal to gold.Cai Yan, a member of the Sanya family who made ink in the family, had a unique skill in making ink. Except for bituminous coal, he didn't use anything, but he learned the method when making ink.Cai Yan's ink is black and shiny, and the price is not lower than that of Wang Jinqing.The Hu people said that the rhinoceros is dark and the elephant is white and dark. This saying can be named after ink or tea.

"Qiu Chi's Notes"

Children's eyes (good ink formula)

When discussing ink in the present world, we only choose its light and not its blackness, which is to discard ink. Black is not bright, it is dull and useless, and it is better to throw it away.To make the ink ingot clear but not floating, and clear like a child's eyes, this is the best ink.

"Qiu Chi's Notes"

Used to write scriptures (sheep brain paper)

The sheep brain paper is made of Xuande porcelain blue paper.It has been stored in sheep's brain and top smoke ink for many years, then taken out and coated with paper, and calendered into paper, black as lacquer and bright as a mirror.Since the Xuande Dynasty of the Ming Dynasty, this paper has been used exclusively for writing scriptures, and it will not be damaged for a long time, and insects cannot eat it.After that, it is still unknown whether it will be passed on or not?
"Xiqing Notes"

Coptis soup to wash pens (secret method of raising pens)

After the brush is used, wash its ink, and then wash it with sulfur water to relax its hair.Su Dongpo dipped the nib of the pen with Huanglian decoction and light powder, and waited for it to dry before storing it.In the valley, Sichuan pepper and amurberry decoction are used to grind pine smoke and store them with dyed pens, which is especially good.Also, Dongpo used Korean coal and Khitan gum for ink.

"Treasures of the Study"

Fetal hair and human beard (pen history quiz)
The common people say that Meng Tian started to make pens, but this is not the case. "Shang Shu Hou" said that "the negative picture of the tortoise was written by the Duke of Zhou with a pen", and "The Deed of Helping the Gods" said that "Confucius wrote the scriptures of filial piety with a hairpin pen".It can be seen that there were already brushes in the Zhou and Confucius periods.Cheng Gongsui wrote in "Abandoned Old Pen Fu": "There is a strange life of Cangjie, four eyes are listed and it is clear. It is concerned about the book contract, and the top of the autumn hair is picked. Add glue and lacquer for preparation, and tie three bundles And Wuzhong. The round tube used to build the rhinoceros horn belongs to the elephant tooth and slender front." This shows that the technology of making pens was already very complete by the time of Cangjie.There is also "Huainanzi·Ben Jing Xun" which writes: "Cangjie writes books, and ghosts cry at night." Gao You later noted: "Ghosts may be rabbits, and rabbits may take their hairs for pens and harm their bodies. That’s why I cry at night.” Usually, rabbit hair, sheep hair, chicken feathers, mouse whiskers, wolf hair, and mink hair are used to make brushes.In addition, "Chinese Ancient and Modern Notes" said that there are deer hairs, "Chao Ye Qi Zai" and "Shu Xuan Lu" said that there were deer hairs and raccoon hairs, and Huangshan Valley's "Bi Shuo" mentioned that there were pig hairs and otter hairs. It is mentioned in Xiangshan poems that there are goose feathers, in Wang Jinggong’s poems there are orangutan hairs, in "Natural History" it is recorded that there are pheasant feathers, in Wang Zuo's "Study on the Study Room" it is mentioned that there are pig hairs, and in Tang Qiji's poems it is said that there are useful hairs. Fetal hair, "Southern Objects" records those who have human hair.Both Ai Ru's pen work poems in "Li Yi Series" and Mei Gesheng's Ru pen poems in "Lin Tong Ji" refer to "Ru pen", and Ru pen is the making of pens, because the pen skills are unstoppable all day long. .Nowadays, writers still abide by this method, but few people know the saying of using the mouth to make it round, and using the brush.

"Wandering Conversations"

Paper Color Like Egg Membrane (Treasure Paper Notes)
Nalan Chengde's "Green Water Pavilion Miscellaneous Knowledge" said: "Wen Hengshan once saw a kind of paper with a width of two feet. Zhao Wenmin didn't dare to write. It was just an inscription. I don't know what tools the paper workers used to make this paper. Paper." Wang Dongxu's "Liu Nan Xubi" said: "Wang Wensu of Taicang has a Song Jian at home, and it is ten feet long. Mi Yuanzhang inscribed the head of it in fine regular script, saying that this paper is rare in the world, and I will leave it to someone who is good at Calligraphers should use it. Later, Mi Gong asked Dong Siweng to write, and Siweng readily obeyed and said, "Who else is good at calligraphy as Mi Lao said?" So he wrote the entire page on this paper." As far as the author knows In the Southern Tang Dynasty, there was a kind of paper called Chengxintang paper.Chen Houshan said that the color of this kind of paper is like an egg membrane, and it is as firm and clean as jade. This must be said after Chen saw it with his own eyes. However, this kind of paper was already rare in the Song Dynasty, so Liu Gongfu wrote in a poem: "At that time One piece is sold for a hundred gold, and there are tens of thousands of scrolls in the Chengxin Hall. Later generations will get it again after hearing this and that, and even if they get it, they will not know it." This is the kind of paper we are talking about.In my family's collection of books, there is Li Longmian's "Patterns of Arhats", for which Wen Ershui wrote a postscript. He believes that the paper of this book is Chengxintang paper, and its firmness and whiteness are different from other papers.There is also Li Houzhu's running script book, the paper is thicker and the color is slightly yellow. It may be that the imperial court at that time did not have to have the same color of paper. Therefore, it is unfounded to say that Chengxintang paper is white.

"Wandering Conversations"

Paper gift from Huo Xiaoyu (black silk column paper)

Among the papers used in the Song Dynasty, there is a kind of paper that can be called a masterpiece.When making, the paper is embedded with black silk silk to form a line of boundaries. This kind of paper is called Wusilan.According to the legend in "The Collection of Strange News Huo Xiaoyu", Huo Xiaoyu took the spider silk and sewed it in the bag, and when she came out, she became a concubine.Li Sheng was awarded the three-foot section of Wusi Lan Su Duan. Li Sheng was very talented, able to compose pens and export poems.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Orangutan hair (pen hair quiz)
The brushes used in Xie Zaihang's "Wenhai Pisha" are different.Zhong Yao, Zhang Zhi, and Wang Youjun all used mouse beards for their pens, Ouyang Lantai used raccoon hair as a heart, Xiao Jijiu used lanugo hair for pillars, Zhang Maoxian used deer hair, and Tao Hermit used sheep whiskers.Zheng Qian said that a brush made of musk hair can write [-] sheets of paper, and a raccoon brush can write [-] sheets.There are also Fenghu, Xiangling, Longjin, Hupu, orangutan hair, and Langhao pens. Although they are rare products, they are not as good as Zhongshan rabbit hair in terms of mellowness and properness.If duck feathers or pheasant feathers are used as the source, they are just colorful and look good.Nowadays, the rabbit hair brushes in Wuxing, Zhejiang Province are worth a hundred dollars, while the sheep hair brushes are only one-twentieth of them. Poor people often use them, but they are soft and have no edge, and the writing is smooth.Zang Maoxun wanted to use mink hair and supplement it with rabbit brushes. He said that the rat whiskers used by Zhong and Wang must be made of mink hair.The above is recorded by Xie Zaihang.As far as the author knows, recently Huzhou specially made wool pens, which are particularly soft and boneless.Mink is very precious, and it is specially used for noble people's fur, so where should brushworkers buy it?

"Xiangzu Notes"

Weasel hair (made by Yubi)
In the Yuan Dynasty, there was an old man named Zhang in the capital, named Jinzhong, with the character Zizheng, who was good at making brushes.The writing brushes he made are made of solid bamboo and weasel. They are excellent and suitable for writing, which are very distinctive.Weasel is also known as weasel, commonly known as weasel.Wu Xing, Zhao Ziang, Qishang Wang Zhongmou, and Shangdang Song Qiyan are all very friendly with the elderly Jinzhong.The emperor often needs to use a pen, unless it is made by the old man in Jinzhong.Whenever he personally presented the pen to the court, he would be given wine every time.Today, there is no one in the capital who is famous for making pens.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Old Stories of the Eastern Palace (Paper and Inkstone)

There is a person surnamed Cheng in Beisi Lane, Haining, who can make paper inkstones with sand and lacquer. The color is the same as Duanxi and Longwei, and it lasts for a long time.In the old event of Jindong Palace, the crown prince first paid homage and gave a lacquer inkstone, which is the handed down product of this paper inkstone.

"Antique Trivia"

Silk capsule sinking into the river (secret system of Chengni inkstone)

Chengni inkstones in the Tang Dynasty came from Guozhou, and ten inkstones were paid as tribute every year.The method of making clear mud inkstone: first sew a pouch with silk and place it in Fenshui, take it out after a year, the pouch is filled with fine sand and clay, use this fine sand clay pottery to make inkstone, and the ink will not dry up .

"Antique Trivia"

Ink Soldier and Ink Demon (Ink Making Notes)
Cheng Junfang and Fang Yulu were both from She County, and they were good at making ink.Yu Lu wrote six volumes of "Mopu", divided into six categories: national treasure, Guohua, Bogu, magic treasure, and Hongbao. Exquisite, and with the inscription praise.Junfang also wrote twelve volumes of "Moyuan", which are divided into six categories: Yuangong, Yudi, Renguan, Wuhua, Confucianism and Zhenhuang, and Zihuang, which are used to compete for fame. The painting of Zhongshan Wolf in "Mo Yuan" is to slander Fang Yulu.Later, Cheng's Mo intervened in the temple of the inner king Dangzhi, and Fang hated Cheng very much. When Cheng was imprisoned for murder, Fang squeezed him hard, and Cheng suddenly died without food.Shen Defu once sighed that Cheng and Fang were ink soldiers and ink monsters.Fang Yu Luneng wrote poems, sang with Wang Daokun for remuneration, joined Fenggan Society and wrote "Jia Ri Lou Ji".The word Cheng is Youbo, and the word is about, and the word is Jianyuan.In addition, as famous as Cheng and Fang, there is Li Chen, who created Yanxia Lumo. Chen is the owner of the Da Niantang Pharmacy.Ye Xuanqing and Wu Quchen are also very famous.In the early Qing Dynasty, there was a year-old tribute student named Cao Sugong among the She people. , Penhua, Daiyun, Liaotianyi, Weilu, Huanxiangyu, Wujue, Wenlu, Ziying, Shujin, Daguoxiang, and Yanlan were popular in the world, and later ink makers followed suit The method of Su Gong is the same.Su Gong once collected poems and essays donated by people in ordinary times, and published the second volume of "Mo Lin".

"Antique Trivia"

Silver is better (cartridge)
In the past, lacquer boxes were the most expensive inkstone boxes. People in the Ming Dynasty used sandalwood inkstone boxes, but the permeation was not conducive to research.According to the "Inkstone Record" written by Yanyou in the Tang Dynasty, the red silk inkstone in Qingzhou must be made of silver, and tin is also used, which is said to be able to be polished.The sand grinder made by Lu Caisheng is very light and convenient, but the production is vulgar, and generally elegant people don't use it.Recently, the Japanese attach great importance to sand research, and the price is very high.There should be a difference between Lu Yan and the lacquer box.

"Antique Trivia"

Slender jade fingers resistant to spring coolness (Gu Yan)

Excerpts from five legends about Gu Erniang making inkstone:

"Suiyuan Poetry Talk" says: He Chunchao got a Duan inkstone in Jinling, and on the back there is a quatrain from Liu Ci: "One inch will cut the purple mud, and it will be dedicated to the sun and the sun. How to roll the machine hand, cut all the ends. Shili River in Zhouzhou." The postscript said: "I made Si inkstone for Gu Erniang of Wumen, and gave it as a gift. Gu's family lived in Zhuanzhujiuli. In the autumn of Kangxi and [-], Chunchao sent a cut plum cloud cloud." Note: In fact, this poem is in the department Made by Huang Xintian, engraved on the second volume of "Xiang Cao Zhai Poetry", and note: I have had an inkstone in and out of my sleeve for nearly ten years.I like the essence of his art, but feel the sincerity of his meaning. I wrote a poem as a gift, and engraved it on the back of the inkstone, so that those who pass on the inkstone in the future can have a textual research.The inscription said: "Out of the box, the sword light shoots at the blue and white inkstone, and the article is full of spirit. Friendship with the king is like drinking alcohol. Ji Junshou is like a thousand springs." Therefore, either Liu Ci stole Huang Xintian's poems, or the counterfeiters entrusted his name. Undoubted.Wei Zicai is not far from Xintian, so why didn't he take a detailed examination in time?The similarities between Chunchao, Liu Lang, and He Lang are even more vague, and it is difficult to determine which is right and which is wrong.

There are miscellaneous poems in Huang Xintian's "Inscriptions on Pottery, Boats and Inkstones", which say: "Ancient inscriptions are left with concave ink fragrance, and slender female hands carry generals."Who pours a few drops of pear blossom rain, and sprinkles Gu Erniang on the spring platform.Note: Yu Tiansheng's Jiaobai inkstone, Chen Dequan's Jingtian inkstone, Shi Yanweng's blue and white inkstone, and Chen Dequan's Jingtian inkstone are all made by Gu Erniang of the Wu family.At that time, Gu had passed away, and the rhyme of Chen Jushan's servant and Xin Tian's poems also wrote a poem: "Pale pear blossoms, dark fragrance, who is named to send Le Cichang."The seven-character Duanxi official of the Pearl, Gu Erniang of the Yuefu Qianqiu.

Zhang Xianghe's "Occasional Memories" says: I have a Song Dynasty Keng'e Pond inkstone, which was made by Gu Erniang of the Wu family.Ming said: Who is the carver?Gu Erniang.Who is the treasurer?Dong Fuyang.Zhou Dai Sui Zhijun's computer room, Jiaxu winter presented Huating Zhang, and returned to the side of the inscription ink pool.

Shu Zhongshan's "Suiyuan Poetry Talk" reads: In the Bingwu year of Qianlong, Fuzhou painter Yao Genyun presented Qian Fang with an inkstone, engraved with a scripture saying: Embroidered with Duanzhou stone, slender jade fingers can withstand the cool spring.Caress the delicate and exquisite place, thank you Wumen Gu Erniang.

Ruan Wushan's "Chayu Kehua" says: Gu Erniang of the Wu family and Wang Youjun Zhiyan are famous in the court and the public, and there is no doubt that the letter will be passed down.Before the Ming Dynasty, inkstones were easy to obtain, and most of their styles were upright, and those with inscriptions were rare.It was only later that flakes of stone were used to make inkstones. According to the size and shape of flakes, there are various styles.Carve landscapes, fish, insects, and flowers on the pond.Since Gu Erniang is famous for making inkstones, there is no inscription on the inkstones and it is difficult to distinguish them.Therefore, the six characters "Wumen Gu Erniang System" in the eight-point section of the detailed script are probably fake.Qianlong tribute inkstones are especially finely carved, and are highly valued by Orientals today, but Gu inkstones are not very praised by people anymore.

"Antique Trivia"

Zou's Talk about Inkstone (Secrets of Inkstone Carving)

In the early Qing Dynasty, Gu Delin of Wu County, known as Gu Daoren, did not become a master in reading, but he was good at carving stone inkstones. Anyone who came from him, whether it was a finely chiseled Duanxi dragon tail, or a casually carved Longcun stone, was a master. It is very natural, quaint and elegant, and its name is famous all over the world.After Delin's death, the art was passed on to his son, who did not live long, and his daughter-in-law, Zou, inherited his career. People called her Gu Qiniang.She once told people the secret of carving inkstone. She said: "The inkstone is a stone. When it is cut, it must be round, lively and plump, so that you can see the beauty of carving. If it is dull and thin, it is the original face of the stone. When it is cut, it will be smooth. What's the use?" She actually meant to imitate the idea of ​​casting incense burners in Xuande.The inkstones she carved were both elegant and gorgeous, and her reputation was even more prestigious. At that time, no one could catch up with her.The Zou family has no parents, but has two adopted sons, both of whom have received his true biography, but it is a pity that one adopted son died early.Later, after Zou's death, only one adopted son survived, named Gu Gongwang, nicknamed Zhonglu, who was actually Zou Duo's nephew, and Gongwang had no son.

"Wearing and Seeing Occasionally"

Fan Gongshi (Short Notes on Inkstone)

There is Zitong Mountain in Zichuan County, Zizhou. There is a Shimen stream on the mountain. A stone called lapis lazuli comes out of the Shimen stream. The color of the stone is mixed with green and black, and its pattern is like copper shavings.Perhaps it is natural copper, finely grained.Fan Wenzheng lived in Changbai Mountain in his early years, and he saw his stone when he traveled here.At the end of the Huangyou period of the Northern Song Dynasty, when the public learned of bluestone, they sent stone workers to take lapis lazuli to make inkstones. It was very ink-making, very similar to Sheshi, and is often used by Easterners today.Or called Fan Gongshi, but it is not durable, and it will inevitably break after a long time.

"Mian Shui Yan Tan Record"

A little like lacquer (Gumoji)

The inscriptions, methods, and people of the ancient ink makers are recorded in detail as follows:
Inscription making: In the second year of Yonghui, Zhenkuhei said "Made by Wailang Li, a member of the Tang Water Department", is the ancestor of all Li; Sacrificial to Dongyao"; Dongpo's ink is called "Xuetang Yimo", also known as "Hainan Songmei" and "Dongpo Famo"; Zhili layman Su Jiehaoran's ink.During the Daguan period, Liu Wuyou took the inscriptions he made and ordered Shen Gui to make hundreds of pills.Chao Jiyi's ink is said to be "made by Jijixuan"; Dashi Changhe's ink is said to be "made by Zixiao Peak"; Donglu Chen Xiang's ink is made into a square shape, and the inscription is "Zhusi's treasure"; Jiahe Shen Gui's ink is inscribed "Shen Gui ".Ten years of glue is like a stone, and a little bit is like paint.

Glue method: Xiluo Wangdi uses Yuanyan deer glue, which is extremely light and has dragon musk.Zhending Chen Zhan encountered a different person who taught him the glue method. He used glue for coal from ancient pine trees in the mountains, kept it moist and did not steam it, and sold it for only half a thousand per catty.By the time of Xuanhe, it was worth [-] yuan per catty.This method was passed on to his son-in-law Dong Zhongyuan and Zhang Shun.Jiahe Shen Gui used lacquer smoke to get smoke from ancient pine, coal miscellaneous grease, and lacquer. According to Wei Zhong's method, only five liang of glue was used.When the Li family crossed the river, they first used rubber, but kept it secret.One day, Zhang Chuhou and Ju Yanshi's family made ink, but because the ash pool was not released early, the ink broke.Yanshi felt that the ink used was very fine and could not bear to throw it away, so he steamed and soaked to extract the old glue, and then mixed it with new glue.Jiuhua Zhu Qin made good use of glue as a softener for Izumi ink, and Li Chengyan also made a softener.Huangshan Zhang Chuhou and Gao Jingxiu started a stove to make coal, and used Yuanyan fish glue to make ink.Chang He and Wang Tongda bought cigarettes and asked them to use glue, but they only used their stamp numbers.Pu Dashao's ink uses soot like spot paint.Panheng uses Hainan pine coal, Sanqu Caiyao, mixed with birch smoke, which is the lowest grade alone.

Inkworkers: Since the Chongning period in the Northern Song Dynasty, inkworkers such as Zhang Zi, Chen Yu, Guan Gui, Guan Zhen, and Guo Yuming were all good at making samples.The names of ink craftsmen are repeated in many ways, for example: after Shen Gui, Guan Gui, after Zhang Yu, there are Chang Yu and Pan Yu, after Zhang Gu, there are Pan Gu and Ye Gu, after Chen Zhan, there are Mei Zhan and his son, the method of making ink is passed down from generation to generation There are: Yan, the son of Shen Gui, Yu, the son of Chang He, and Yu, the son of Pangu.

"Chunzhu Jiwen"

Qiao Xuan Bao Broom (Bao Notes)

Wang Congqian of Yichun, who likes calligraphy, learned Jinyi's regular script. He used a Xuancheng Zhuge brush, which was worth ten gold. It was the best in writing at that time.Cong Qian called the pen "Qiaoxuan treasure broom".For the above, see Zheng Wenbao's "Jiang Biao Zhi".There are modern brushworkers, such as the Zhuge family in Xuanzhou and the Xu family in Changzhou.Anlu Cheng Anyou, a follower of Yiyang Li Zhan, was well-known at the time.For the above, see Zhu Yu's "Pingzhou Ketan". (Sincere note: Zhuge's pen has declined since the year of Xuanhe. See Cai Tao's "Tieweishan Cong Tan" above.)
"Antique Trivia"

Unless it is not used (note-making is different)
During the Yuan Dynasty, there was a man named Zhang Jianzhong, who was good at making pens. He was good at making pens.Zhao Ziang from Wuxing, Wang Zhongmou from Qishang, and Song Qiyan from Shangdang are all close friends with Zhang.The emperor and the inner government often need to use a brush, but those who are not made by Zhang Jianzhong do not need it.Every time Zhang enters the palace with a pen, he will be given wine.Today, there is no one in the capital who is famous for making brushes.

"Ju Yi Lu"

Stealing for 400 Years (Song Paper Extinction)

Diary on the twelfth day of the first lunar month in the 42nd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, in the Dabei Pavilion of Haimen Temple, there are more than 500 volumes of the Western Letters of the "Tibetan Sutra" in the old storage.The width of the paper is large and small, and the red seal is Japanese gold Sushan scripture paper, and there is a Yuanfeng year number of the Northern Song Dynasty in it, which proves that this paper was made [-] years ago.The inside and outside of the paper are waxy and have no texture. It is similar to Japanese paper. The method of making it is not passed down today.At that time, the Ganpu Tongpan was probably imported from Japan and added wax.Later, these "Tibetan scriptures" were gradually stolen.Jinsu Mountain is located [-] miles south of Ganpu City. There is Jinsu Temple on the mountain, and the Buddhist scriptures and papers of Jinsu Mountain are made on this mountain.

"Wei Shui Xuan Diary"

Gum decoction in October (Yanmo secret technique)

Among the inks of the Song Dynasty, Yan Mo is the most famous. "Silkworm Tail Collection Book Yanmo" says: Yanmo was the most expensive in Song Dynasty.Wang's "Talk Records" says: When he was in Pengmen, he often sent people to fetch the best coal from Yanzhou, and blended it into various shapes with his own hands. The light and color were comparable to "Tinggui".Chao's "Mo Jing" says: Yanzhou Chen Lang, his younger brother Chen Yuan, his sons Wei Jin and Wei Nai, are called together with the Yi Shui Xi family.Su Dongpo once said: The ink made by Yanren Dong Yehui must cost ten thousand per piece, which is indeed beyond comparison with ordinary ink.The characteristic of its preparation method is that glue is decocted in October and ink is made in November, and it is most expensive not to use medicine.Laiguimengyu in the Taishan Formation, Jiuxian Mountain in Mizhou, and Laoshan Mountain in Dengzhou are all rich in pine, and they are collectively called Dongshan.Dongshan pine is fat and greasy in color, heavy in quality, and its quality is only top-notch.The method of making Yanmo has been lost, even if you ask those famous literati, you can't understand it.

"Antique Trivia"

300-year-old pine (Zhu's ink making)
According to Sheng'an's "Danyin Zonglu": Zhu Wanchu in the Yuan Dynasty was good at making ink, and he made it simply with pine smoke, and the materials were mostly 300-year-old tree remnants, and the elite of the tree was still alive and easy to use. In other words, it is by no means an ordinary Changsong.Yu Wenjing gave a poem saying: "Frost and snow destroy ravines and ravines, and their roots are deep. A thousand-year-old ax is violated. An inch of heart will not be chased by flying smoke, and it will become a mysterious cloud around Ziwei." It also says: The ink of Wanchu is calm without leaving a trace, light and clear And there is Yu Run, whose product is between Guo Yu and his son.It is also followed by a postscript saying: In modern times, some people made ink ginseng oil fume instead of pine smoke, which is charming but not deep.Wan Chu was not only famous for his ink making, but also determined Liu Fa's ink making method in stone carvings. He believed that Liu's fine art was deeply rooted in this, and it must be correct for later generations.The author once said that oily ink is charming but not deep. If you want to burn pine branches to get the smoke to make ink, you have both.Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty used Suhe oil to search for smoke to make ink. After the Song Dynasty was destroyed, he was bought by Jin Zhangzong. One or two inks were worth a catty of gold. No one could imitate them.

"Antique Trivia"

From the Wind and Waves (Excellent selection of inkstone materials)
The stone inkstones produced in Tuoji Island near the Penglai Sea are black in color, very ink-like, and do not damage the brush, but they are not as moist as Duan inkstones. Some of them are very uniquely made and can be displayed in several desks.Mu Zhai's "Chu Xue Ji Tuoji Ink Inscription" records: Yao Kuan Xixi Cong said: The stones on Tuoji Island in Dengzhou can be polished into inkstones.This island is a place where shipping routes must pass. Wang Jimu of Xincheng left Tuoji Inkstone with the inscription: "There are stones on the island, and they are used to cut inkstones. Wade through the waves and waves, and put them on the book case. There is no Huai'an in the world, and there is no sea transportation. Rubbing the eye window made me sigh three times."

"Antique Trivia"

Hanxi retting paper (refrigerated gold paper)
Wen Gong has "Sending Cold Gold Paper and Xingzong Poems" which says: Shushan thin jasper, Shu soil pastes gold.During the wash in the cold stream, the ripples are clear and deep.The workers cut juvenile hemp and pounded it on a white stone anvil.As for the brook retting as paper, the beauty is like cutting Miao Lin.The wind is always green and peaceful, and the small dust-free residue is clear.From time to time, Jiazhou came, and Bajiang searched for thousands of miles.

"Antique Trivia"

Cyan lotus (flower secret technique)

When Du Mu was the governor of Huzhou, he learned that there were blue lotus flowers growing in the pond of a dyer's house, so he ordered to collect lotus seeds and send them to the capital to plant in the pond.Unexpectedly, the green lotus turned into a red lotus when she arrived in the capital, which greatly disappointed the emperor.For this reason, Du Mu found the dyer in Huzhou again and asked him what happened.The dyer said: "In my family, there is an indigo urn for the third generation. First, lotus seeds are soaked in the bottom of the urn for about a year, and then planted, and blue lotus flowers will bloom. If you use the seeds of green lotus flowers to plant again, of course it will return to its original color. , still red flowers." The soaked lotus seeds were given to Du Mu, sent to Jing and planted in the pool, and blue lotus flowers bloomed as expected, which was a miracle for a while.

"The Northern Dream"

boudoir pet (flower cutting art)

There are artisans who cut flowers of various colors on Jiudu Street, and their craftsmanship is extremely exquisite. They can cut out all kinds of human figures and animals as they like, and they are all cool;There is another person who is even more amazing. He is a handsome young man who can cut characters in his sleeves. It is often seen that he hides scissors in his sleeves and prunes them with his hands. Paper scraps fall one after another. He immediately takes out the cut characters from his sleeves and hands them to everyone.In addition to cutting characters, the flowers cut by this young man are extremely exquisite, and they are deeply loved by the boudoir. His reputation is unique and unrivaled.

"Miscellaneous Banknotes of Zhiyatang"

Fresh as promised (Flower cultivation method)

Orchid, spring does not come out, summer does not get sun, autumn does not dry, winter does not get wet.This flower likes fishy water the most.Don't water too frequently, otherwise the roots will rot.The water just passes under the roots.Ants like to eat the roots of orchids most, which can be lured away with oily bones, or inserted in the soil with the horseshoe crab fish tail (also known as horseshoe crab sail) in central Fujian, and the ants can also be removed.The bottom of the soil should not be too tight, otherwise it will not be smooth, and it will not be easy to cross the water.

Peony likes fat the most. When planting, it is advisable to use pig and sheep intestines and stomach as bedding under the roots, and the flowers will be fresh and luxuriant.Roots are always suitable for warming.The peony is also known as "Shu Gu". Dead rats are often buried under the roots, and when they bloom, they will prosper.

Plum blossoms must produce leaves after they bloom, and the leaves are new branches, so the old branches that have bloomed must be cut off.When the new branch grows to six or seven inches, the tip is cut off again, and there will be flowers only in winter, and the leaves will fall in summer.If the hair is allowed to grow long, the leaves will not fall in summer, or they will wither and die.Flowers are always born on the roots of leaves, and one leaf in summer means one flower in winter.The sun is exposed in the fifth and sixth months of summer, and it is better to avoid it in the morning rather than in the middle of the night.

Betau, betau in a pot, cut off its residual branches after flowering, leaving new buds, transplanted to the ground in Qingming, put it in the pot before frost, and then enter the house a few days later.The new strips must also be pinched before they can have flowers.

Lotus and lotus root will not bloom.It is necessary to choose a flower root that is as thin as a finger and longer, so that there will be flowers when planted.What is planted is the root of the flower, and it can still bloom without river water or river mud.What is sold in the shops is lotus root, which is not a flowering thing, but can only be used as a vegetable.

"Miscellaneous Notes on Bamboo Leaf Pavilion"

Shiyinhua (potted lotus)
Zhang Xiaoshan, courtesy name Zigang, Zhonghan, is good at raising potted lotus. He bought an old tile pot and planted it. It blooms at the right time. Compared with the lotus in the pond, the ground is closer and the shadow is truer.However, no one in the neighborhood has ever seen it.One day, Zhang came to my house and asked me to write a poem, so I wrote a quatrain for him: "Mr. Yanling (that is, Wu Hongsheng Zhonghan) invites me to drink wine, and the clothes bloom like incense. How did I get this Liulang appearance?" , the way is that the original surname of the lotus is Zhang. I live in Wangheng with Ziye, but I have not seen the beautiful flowers and heard the fragrance. The lotus society stipulates that drinking is allowed, and Hu Wei does not invite Tao Yuanming." The next day, Zhang invited me to the flower feast and gave me a gift I have a pot of lotus.As the saying goes: Please ask for the spirit of the talisman, and the spirit of the talisman will come quickly.Just ask readers, do you believe it?This is exactly: a piece of paper is written in a hurry, and it really invites me to drink lotus cup.When Yuanming entered the society, he was drunk first, and the flowers planted in the wild flowers were also fragrant.The best seeds are found like jade, and the celestial flowers bloom in Bai Yushuang (inner white lotus is the best).He Yuanli (He Luanjin's in-laws) was recognized carefully in front of the respect, and the old rain looked at his temples with gray hair.

"Country Talk"

Cow Urine Urges Flowers to Bloom (Flower Protection Method)
In the Song Dynasty, the method of storing flowers in Macheng, Wulin was very unique: paste a secret room with paper, dig the ground to make a ridge, cover it with bamboo, put the flowers on it, use dung, cow urine, sulfur, and then put boiling soup in the ridge, wait for the soup If the air is fumigated, the fan will pass overnight, and the flowers will bloom.Now, the gardeners of the capital also adopt this method.I have used this method to hide potted flowers for winter.If you want to make the flowers and trees unbeaten next year, you will be rewarded. Only sweet-scented osmanthus will not be the same.According to "West Lake Chronicles", the sweet-scented osmanthus must be cooled before being released. The method is to put the sweet-scented osmanthus between the protruding rocks in the cave, where the heat does not reach, the cool wind blows in, and the sweet-scented osmanthus blooms.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Iron filing mulch (the secret method of iron tree blooming)
"Linghai Jianwen" records: Iron trees are born on rocks on the seabed, and their trunks are similar to corals, and there are mussels guarding them next to them. Therefore, if you get iron trees on the seabed, you can get pearls at the same time.In fact, cycads and corals are of the same kind, both born on the seabed.However, the large corals are five or six feet, and the small ones are no more than a few feet. They can be fished with iron nets. Corals are soft in water, but hard when exposed to wind. At first they are white, then gradually yellow, and after exposure to sunlight, they turn dark red like cinnabar. .According to Wang Jiyuzhou's records, Yunguan Hengzhou saw iron trees in the garden of a conductor's home, and described in detail how it bloomed once every 60 years.

I have also seen iron trees in the Yangcheng Education Office. They are taller than ordinary trees, and they are woody, not jade. As long as the roots are cultivated with iron filings, they will grow luxuriantly. Here it is.This is different from what I said before. Are they two kinds of trees with the same name but different ones?
"Lingnan Sea Experience"

Qinchuan true species (exotic orchid)
Shanghai holds a flower show every year, and its grand occasion is nothing more than orchid.Horticulturists who love orchids spend a lot of money to buy famous species.Flower guests from all over the world come here in bundles, so they get rich alone.Whenever the spring is warm and the flowers are blooming, all kinds of orchids bloom in competition and gather in Yu Garden.The precious varieties such as Yipin, Wudou, Cuichan, Yudie, etc. are all exotic products among narcissus and plum petals.There is also the wonder of Jinxue and Zhu Mo, and the difference of Qiaodie and Chonglan.There are hundreds of flower names, and it is a good thing for a room to compete for beauty.In recent years, the Golden Autumn Chrysanthemum Festival has been unprecedentedly grand. In spring, there are many varieties of chrysanthemums in various forms.The traditional famous species and the new species of Shiya are almost exhausted.There was a rich merchant who spent twenty gold to find a true species of Qinchuan, and kept it as a treasure.When the chrysanthemum blooms again in the second year, the color is no more than deep purple, like ink staining, and those who know it are full of praise.

"Ink Yulu"

An Shifang Zhongge
"Beijing West Miscellaneous Notes" records: Mrs. Qi is good at drumming and building, and can sing "Out of the Fortress", "Into the Fortress" and "Looking Back".These tunes existed long before "Nineteen Poems", Su and Li.At the same time, these Le Ci and "An Shi Fang Zhong Ge" can be regarded as the oldest in Chinese poetry.There is no basis for saying that "Jin Le Zhi" was written by Li Yannian.Now, in "Yuefu Poems" written by Guo Maoqian, who played the flute in Yuefu, it is said that Yueci originated from Liu Xiaobiao, Wang Bao and others in the Six Dynasties, and it is a pity that ancient Yueci has not been handed down to this day.

"Jingxi Miscellaneous Notes"

Color like topaz (paper flute)
In front of the Minkai Temple, there was a man who could roll a flute out of paper. Zhou Lianggong got one, the color was like topaz, and the clasp was resonant.Or the title says: don't be lustrous on the outside, don't dry out in the middle, and receive qi alone.Its sound is neither suffocating nor floating, and its quality is higher than that of flute made of good bamboo.He presented the paper flute to Liu Gong, who also wrote a paper flute poem to praise the paper flute.

"Antique Trivia"

There are males and females in the sound (made of Dongxiao cotton)

The Zheng family in Qianpingxi used bamboo to make the flute, and its proportions and measures all conformed to the ancient system.The ancestral skills have been handed down for hundreds of years and must be made at night when everything is quiet.Excerpted from Song Yuting's "Ping Xiao Qu Zhu".Note: Pingxi is today's Si County, and the most valuable one today is the Yuping Xiao, which is made of purple bamboo and carved on the outside.

"Antique Trivia"

Octave Consonance (Instrument Box)

Dai Wenkui is a clever man in the world. He put all kinds of musical instruments into a cabinet.This person looks very ugly, it is said that all the nobles especially love him.The bow operas he made are also extremely vivid. Those who are popular these days are all capable and versatile performers, and excellent opera actors are even more loved by people.

"Story of the Capital"

Playing music all over the body (playing stunts)

During the Qianlong period, there was a man who was good at acrobatics known as the king of jars. In order to cultivate experienced acrobatics, his three sons passed down his skills from generation to generation.Zhu Jinshan, a native of Wucheng, can play 24 kinds of musical instruments in front of him, operate them with his mouth and limbs, and play correct syllables and melodies.He can also play all kinds of tunes, including thumb wars, etc., and is very perfect. He once worked in Heshen's mansion, but was about to lose, and resigned from his post one year ago.In the Yihai year of Jiaqing, Zhao Yisun met him at the seat of Wu Xing, and he was still working on his old job to make ends meet.Yisun wrote a long song for him.

"Antique Trivia"

Jade Finger Drumming (Accompaniment)

In ancient Yue, there is a custom among the people. When holding a banquet, drinking and having fun, there are people who are good at singing and dancing, playing drums and dancing to help the music.The disc looks like a drum, hence the name Drum Pan, with a diameter of about one foot and six inches. The artist holds the disc with his left hand, leans on his clothes, and plays rhythmic drumbeats alternately with the five fingers of his right hand. Those who respond to the beat dance lightly.

"Mo'e Manlu"

Jade Nu's delicate voice (pipa dial)

Yang Guifei is good at pipa, using sandalwood as the groove and dragon incense board as the dial.Therefore, Zheng Yujin wrote a poem: "Yu Nu's pipa is dialed by the dragon, and Yi's song promotes the wine and makes the sound sad." The dragon incense board is used for the pipa, and it is not clear why.

"Poe Note"

Swallow in Yaochi (Guqin Music)
Su Dongpo said: There is a song in the Guqin called "Yaochi Swallow". Find a new rhyme, take advantage of the jade fiber, the south wind has not relieved the lingering. Low clouds on the temples, eyebrows peaked and dizzy, charming and hateful."

"Po Ji Nai Liao Minglue Poems"

Lei Shiqin (Guqin Grade)

The Lei family in the middle of Shu is the best violin maker, and everyone in the world knows it.Of the qins made by Lei's family, the top one is called "Yu Hui", the second is called "Pipa Hui", the third is called "Golden Hui", and the second is called "Snail Hui".Lei's piano-making skills are not passed down to him, so they will not last forever.

"National History Supplement"

Xiangquan Yunqing (made of Bainaqin)
Liu Yuxi said that Li Mian is good at Yaqin, and the Qins he made are unique: those made of tung silk are miscellaneous, and they are called "Bainaqin", especially the unique ones are called "Xiangquan Yunqing".

Notes on Poems

Crab Walk Luanming (Secrets of Playing the Piano)

One must know the secret of playing the piano, the secret is: when playing the piano with round fingers, it is called "crab walking", and when the fingers are turned sideways, it is called "luanming".If all fingernails are used, the sound will be dry and thoughtful; if all finger flesh is used, the sound will be heavy and uneven.

"Qin Shu Jue"

Not Clouds Not Smoke (Guqin tune)
There are ten minor tunes handed down from generation to generation, all composed by He Ruobi in the Sui Dynasty.One is "No Bo Jin", the second is "No Exchange for Jade", the third is "Gap Chanting", the fourth is "Crossing the Stream", the fifth is "Crossing the River", the sixth is "Lonely Ape Chanting", and the seventh is "Singing Songs". Qing Ye Yin", the eighth is "Whispering the Cicada under the Leaf", the ninth is "San Qing", and the tenth tune is no longer known.The pianist stole the name He Ruo.

Taizong especially loved playing the piano, so he changed "Bubojin" to "Chuze Hanqiu", changed "Buchangyu" to "Snow at Saimen", and ordered his ministers to explore the title and make lyrics.At that time, Su Yitong discovered "Crossing the River", the words were: "Neither clouds nor smoke, Yaochi Banquet, slices of green peaches, leaving the Golden Palace in the cold. Shrimp whiskers half-rolled, heavenly fragrance scattered, spring clouds and lonely bamboos, pure and graceful into Xiaohan .Beautiful face and emerald state. Brilliant gold and jade turn, neon lights and shadows are chaotic, and the sound of flute is far away."

"Lengzhai Night Talk"

Play music every night

There is an old monk in Xuzhou. Since he was 40 years old, whenever he fell asleep at night, he would make a strange sound from his throat, like the music of drum reeds.In order to get his voice, the local players hid secretly beside his couch, and when he fell asleep, they composed his voice.His voice is used to arrange silk and bamboo, all of which are consistent with ancient music.The monk slept and woke up every night, but he didn't know it. For more than [-] years, his throat voice was secretly recorded almost every night, and the music was passed down to the world.

"Youyang Miscellaneous"

Sounds into the Underworld (playing the pipa)

When Ougong was relegated to Shuyang as a deputy, there was Du Bin who was good at playing the pipa.One day, the father-in-law invited Bin to have a drink. During the dinner, he asked Bin to play a song. Bin thanked him solemnly and said, "I can't."Later, Bin put the wine on the table, and suddenly got up to return it. After a while, he heard a slight sound of silk strings, intermittently, from far to near.Later, Ou Gong said in a poem: "Who is the most virtuous among the drunk guests? Du Bin's pipa skin is the string."Since Bin's death was not passed on, the sound of jade chains has entered the underworld.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Chicken tendons making strings (playing the pipa)

In the Tang Dynasty, He Huaizhi was good at playing the pipa. He used chicken tendons as strings and plucked it with small iron pieces.There is a poem by Dongpo that says: There is nothing in the world with wire and iron.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Overnight at Huayang Pavilion

Ji Kang liked to roam around. Once when he visited Luoxi, he stayed in Huayang Pavilion at sunset and played on his qin at sunset.After nightfall, a guest suddenly appeared in Huayang Pavilion, claiming to be an ancient man.The two chatted and talked about the rhythm, the words were clear and clear, and the person was quite accomplished in music.In the middle of the night, he played a piece of "Guangling San" to Kang Suoqin, and the tune was superb, so he taught Kang to learn this tune, and asked Kang not to pass it on to others. Kang asked the guests to tell their names, but the guests left without saying a word.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Murderous (playing the violin)
Cai Yong went to a neighbor's house to have a banquet and drink. When he got there, he saw a guest playing the qin. He heard the murderous look in the sound of the qin, and hurried back in fright. The master hurried out and asked Yong why he left. There is a murderous aura in the piano player's sound, which is very strange. Maybe I saw the mantis catching cicadas. Is this murderous aura expressed in the sound of killing?
"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Playing with the Monk (Lost Drama)

During the Lantern Festival in the Southern Song Dynasty, there were song and dance teams that could perform various plays. Their jewelry and clothing were quite extravagant.The repertoire performed by the dance team includes:
"Old Stories of Wulin"

Flying Bees and Butterflies in the Palace (Ancient Magic)

In the mid-Song Qingli period, Zhang Jiuge lived in the capital. Even in the cold winter months, he always only wore single clothes.King Yan thought it was strange, so he often summoned him and gave him wine to drink.A year later, Zhang came to see the king of Yan and said to him, "I'm going on a long journey, so I'm here to say goodbye. I'm going to offer you a little skill to make the king happy." He took a section of Jinmiao, cut it into small pieces, and stacked them up. Then cut it into many bee and butterfly shapes, and fly away with the cut, I don't know the number.After a while, following Zhang's call, the bees and butterflies flew back, still turning into Jin Miao.Wang was very happy to see it.Asked Zhang: "Can you calculate how long my life is?" Zhang said: "The life span of the prince can be as strong as that of the Buddha of Kaibao Temple."

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Drum Loop Drop (Ancient Instrument Stunt)

Yanlong Tusu, with ingenuity, was the official of Yongxing at the beginning.Kou Laigong, the prefect, liked to dance with Zhezhi, and cherished a drum to accompany the dance and play music.Once, the drum ring suddenly fell off. Laigong was very disappointed and asked all the craftsmen, but they didn't know how to repair it.Yan took the drum to have a look, put the ring foot on, inserted it with a lock spring, and it wouldn't fall off.Lai Gong is overjoyed.The biggest characteristic of Yanzhi is that he is erudite and versatile.His omission engraving method is the most exquisite, and is well-known far and near, and can be seen in all states and counties nowadays.

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Ant Array (Playing Bird Insect Art)
In martial arts, there are jugglers who can train birds and insects to perform various tricks to entertain the audience.

One is: keeping seven tortoises of different sizes.Put the tortoises on the table, and the players beat the drums to attract them. The first big ones will go to the center of the table and lie down first, and the second big ones will climb on their backs, and so on until the seventh and small ones climb up. The back of the sixth one, along with the beat of the drum, straightened its body and stretched its tail upwards.The seven tortoises overlap, like a small tower, which is called the tortoise stacked tower.

Another kind is: store nine toads, put a small pier in the middle of the mat, the largest one is sitting on the pier, and the eight small ones are arranged side by side.The big one chirped, and the eight young ones chirped once; the big one chirped, and the eight young ones chirped.Then, the little ones nodded their heads one by one to the big ones, and then stepped back as if saluting, and called them toads.

The other is: train two kinds of ants, yellow and black, and the big one will be the general, and the flag will be planted as the number.Players beat drums, one drum confronts each other, and set up a formation; two drums fight, and both sides fight;It's called an ant horn.

There is another kind: the wax-billed bird is used as a puppet, the actor sings opera to guide it, and the bird kneels and stands up, just like a human being.Or let him dance with the flag in his hand, or write a famous gossip post, so that he can hold it in his head, and the vertical and horizontal are not bad.Or throw a projectile in the air, and the bird will fly to pick it up.This is called spirit bird acting.

Although these are just small tricks of the jugglers, they seem to be a kind of magic.

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Green Waist (Tang Dynasty dance name)
There are two lines in the poem written by Zhang Hu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty: "My wife has sung "Chun Ying Zhuan", and the flowers are sighing softly." What is a wife?What is soft dance?As far as I know, it is mentioned in "Jiaofang Ji": Prostitutes who enter Yichun Courtyard are called insiders, also called front-runners.On the day when dance music is performed, the person who masters the performance advances the name of the song, and the person who uses ink dots on the repertoire is the dance, which is called the entry point.People in Jiaofang had to dance "Yizhou", and the rest of the repertoire was performed by my wife, such as "Changshouluo", "Huibole", "Lanling King", "Spring Yingzhuan", "Wu Yecry" and so on, which are called soft dances. There are also "Green Waist", "Su Hexiang", "Qu Tuo", "Liangzhou", "Ganzhou", "Zhezhi", "Huangyu", "Fulinhu", "Weizhou", "Dharma Branch", etc., which are called Jianwu ; There are also swords, Hu Xuan, Hu Teng and so on.According to the titles listed in the notes, such as "Little Qin Wang" and "Wu Meiniang", they are all related to Li Tang's own dynasty, and can be juxtaposed with "Lu Empress Dowager", so there is no need to avoid suspicion.In addition, the original name of "Zhuzhi" is "Zhuzhizi", which is juxtaposed with "Cailianzi", "Yugezi", "Shanhuazi", "Shuixianzi", "Nanxiangzi", "Red Zaozi" and "Shengchazi". The word "zi" is only called "bamboo branch".And "Willow Branches" is its real name.There are also word dance, flower dance and horse dance.

"Xiangzu Notes"

(End of this chapter)