Ancient Chinese magic tricks

Chapter 3 Process Manufacturing Department
Reflecting stars in the basin (secret technique of opening a well to obtain sweet spring)

The most important thing in drilling a well is to choose a suitable location.The ancients said that before digging a well, prepare several large basins of clear water and place them in various places. On a night when the air is fresh and the moon is bright, observe the stars reflected in the basins. Which basin has the largest and brightest stars? If you choose to open a well in this basin, you will surely be able to produce sweet springs.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Collection of Neifu (woodcut map)
I was ordered to inspect the border areas and make wooden topographic maps to show the conditions of mountains, rivers and roads.At first, the mountains and rivers on all sides were generally looked at, and then their shapes were molded on boards with batter and sawdust.Not long after, the weather was cold and the sawdust could no longer be used, so it was made with melted wax, all in order to make the map model light and portable.After returning to the official office, they were copied into woodcut model maps and presented to the emperor.The emperor invited his assistant ministers to watch it together, so he ordered all the border states to make wooden maps, and after they were made, they would be collected by the inner government.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Put it on your nails (with a compass trick)

After the Fang family ground the needle on a magnet, the tip of the needle could guide the needle.However, there is often a slight easterly phenomenon, rather than the true south.If you put a magnetic needle on water, most of them will wobble.You can also put the needle on the fingernail or the edge of the bowl, which is especially sensitive to turn, but because these things are hard and smooth, they are easy to fall off, not as good as hanging with silk.The method is: use a newly produced single silk, stick the silk and the needle to the waist of the needle with wax the size of a mustard seed, and then hang the needle in a place where there is no wind, so that the magnetized needle will often guide. Some of them point to the north.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Compared with white jade (shell carving)
Among the seafood, there is a kind of "chequ", which belongs to shellfish, and the big ones are like dustpans, with raised grooves on the back of the shell, like clam shells.If this shell is used to carve utensils, its delicacy can be compared with that of white jade.Che Qu was born in the South China Sea, and there is a documented record: "When King Wen of Zhou was imprisoned in Tangyin, Minister San Yisheng, in order to save King Wen, took the big shellfish he got, like Che Qu, and dedicated it to King Yin Zhou." Zheng Kangcheng's commentary Said: "The canal is the outer ring of the wheel." Probably Zheng Kangcheng didn't know Che Qu, so he gave a wrong explanation.

"Shang Shu Da Biography"

Bent into the box (making soft swordsmanship)

There is a man named Wen Renshao in Qiantang who always regards a sword as a treasure.He ordered ten large nails to be nailed to the wooden post, and he slashed them off with a sword. All ten nails were broken, but the remaining nails on the post were as flat as scale stars, and there was no trace of the sword blade.When the sword is bent like a hook with force, there will be a clang, and it will immediately return to its original straightness.Guanzhong Zhonger also has a sword hidden in it, which can be bent and placed in a box, and it can be restored to its original straightness after being taken out.Zhang Jingyang said in "Seven Lives" about swords: "If you want to be like Lingbao, then there is no limit to straightening and bending." There have been such swords since ancient times, and they cannot be made of ordinary iron.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Cannot Pierce (Forged Iron Armor)
Qingtang Qiang people are very good at forging iron armor.The iron armor they made was blue, and its surface was so shiny that it could almost shine on a human hair.Each piece of armor is strung together with musk leather straps, making the whole armor look both thin and tough.Zhen Rongjun has an iron armor, which is treasured in a cabinet and passed down as a treasure.When Han Weigong was leading troops in Jingyuan, he took it out for an experiment: he made people stand fifty paces away and shot it with a crossbow, but they couldn't get in.Once an arrow pierced it.If you take a closer look, you can see that it is stuck in the hole of the rope, and the place where the arrow shaft scrapes the iron has been rolled back, which shows how strong it is.Generally, forging armor is very thick at first, and it is forged by cold forging without heating. When it is forged to only one-third of the original thickness, it will become.At the end, there is a chopstick-head-sized spot left unwrought, which looks like a wart.This is left behind to observe the thickness when it is not forged, just like the ground piles that are deliberately left when digging a canal to measure the height of the original ground.This kind of armor is called "wart armor".People nowadays have "warts" on the back when forging, but this is no longer forged from cold-forged steel, but after fire-forging, which is useless and only for decoration.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Almost drowned (cliff cutting method)

Zhuchi in the east of Guangdong Province, the minister Li Feng, who was ordered to fetch bird eggs on the cliffs by the sea, tried my technique and arrived at Xiayan. He was wearing a leather bag and waited day and night. It took a long time to find out. The color of the color contains strange qualities, and the outer layer can be cut to get the inkstone.This kind of inkstone has never been seen before, and it is extremely precious. Only then did I realize that what the ancients called Zishi was not Zishi.There were hundreds of them, and in an instant, the tide rose, and the egg man almost drowned. He swam out of the water, and the lower rock was again sealed by water.Master Han got dozens of coins, and when he came back, he gave them to the minister he wanted.Today, Xiayan is seen again in the southeast, and the old view of the Xuanhe period has been restored again, which is all due to the strength of the simple teacher.Note: Han Shan was exiled to central Guangdong because he competed with Geng Yi, a Taoist sect, for Laoshan Haiyin Temple.

"Wild Harvest"

Iron Gallbladder and Iron Kidney (Secret Casting of Male and Female Swords)

According to legend, there is a beast in Kunwu Mountain, a bit like a rabbit, which eats copper and iron exclusively.All the weapons in Wu’s arsenal were missing, and suddenly they found a pair of rabbits. After killing them, they found iron gallbladder and iron kidneys. Only then did they know that the weapons were eaten by rabbits, so they cast the iron galls into a pair of male and female swords. The male sword is Ganjiang, and the female sword is Moxie.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Fragrant clothes and skirts (secretly made from fragrant jade)
Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty bestowed on Li Fuguo two pieces of jade to ward off evil spirits, each one foot and five inches long.The fragrance of its jade can be smelled, hundreds of steps away, even though it is locked in a stone cabinet, it can't cover up its fragrance.Sometimes, if the dress is brushed against the jade by mistake, the fragrance will overflow and last for years.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Treasure of the Dragon and Tiger (Excellent Jade Cut)
During Tang Shunzong's reign, two pieces of beautiful jade were imported from the Western Regions, one round and one square, each five inches in diameter.At that time, Yi Qixuan Jiefang sat in front of the emperor, presented two jades to the emperor to watch carefully, and said: "This is a dragon jade and a tiger jade. The round one is a dragon, born in water, and it is treasured by the dragon. If you cast it Water, there must be a rainbow; the side is a tiger, born in a rocky valley, and it is treasured by the tiger. If you brush it with tiger hair, it will immediately emit purple light, and the beasts will be subdued by the purple light, and they will not dare to move rashly." Letter from the emperor Its words.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Thirteen subjects (mounting art)
There are thirteen subjects in the method of mounting calligraphy and painting: one is weaving silk brocade and silk; one is dyeing and training the upper piece; Ban Hantie; a shaft head; a paste brush; a twist; a sash; a warp belt; a cutter.If the paste brush is brown and soft, it is called "equally divided", and if the brown is hard, it is called "paste". ", the second class is called "three fingers", the second class is called "two fingers", and the narrowest is called "single fingers".

"Records of Quit Farming"

Lettering as a record (the secret method of stacking wood)
There is a Shenmu factory in the capital, where many large timbers are piled up, most of which are old things left over from the Yongle era of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty.Each wood has its own name, and the inscription is the record. The largest one is called Zhangbiantou, also known as Zhangtou, with a circumference of more than two feet.There are also names such as the narrow river and mixed river dragon that Wang's second sister dislikes.

"Talk with a Guest After Tea"

The best in the world (bamboo making technique)
To use Qi bamboo to make utensils, first the Qi bamboo is cut into silk, and the weaved utensils are the best in the world.Those with bright colors can be used as bamboo mats, those with sparse joints can be used as flutes, and those with beards can be used as walking sticks.

"Book of Chu"

Hair as Thin as Silk (Silk Pattern Treasure Sword)
Si De used the consignor, there is a grate knife, the iron has a fine pattern, it is cut with a silver sheet, and it is cut with an iron sheet as thin as silk hair, the two are put together and hammered thousands of times, so it becomes a natural flower .The water tank on the back of the knife is made of jingsha.Its handle is like golden ebony, which is the chicken tongue fragrant wood from the Western Regions.This knife was made by the water master in the Dajin period. There is gold infiltration on it, and the word "water made" is engraved on it.One knife is worth ten ingots, and there is no such fine craftsmanship.

"Miscellaneous Banknotes of Zhiyatang"

Borrowing mud to dig mud (embankment stunt)

The distance between Suzhou and Kunshan County is [-] li, and there is shallow water in the middle. There is no land route, and the common people have to wade through the water, which is very troublesome.For a long time, people wanted to build a long embankment, but Suzhou was surrounded by water and there was no place to borrow soil.

During the Jiayou period, someone offered a plan: plant two rows of straw mats made of bamboo or reeds in the water to make a cofferdam, with a distance of three feet in the middle, and plant two rows of grass mats six feet away from the cofferdam. Make a similar cofferdam.Fill the filtered silt into the cofferdams, and when it dries up, drain the accumulated water between the two cofferdams with a water truck. In this way, the soil is exposed in the six-foot-wide space between the cofferdams.Next, half of the six-foot-wide area was left as the foot of the embankment, and the other half was dug into a canal, and the soil was built on the foot of the embankment to make a dam.Build a bridge every three or four miles, so that the fine water from the north and the south can flow through each other.Soon the embankment was built, and it is still functioning today.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Boulder (moving stunt)

There was a flood in Shaanxi one year, and a huge rock was washed down from the mountain to block the mountain stream, so the stream overflowed and caused disasters.The stone is as big as a house, and it is impossible to move it by manpower. People in the county are very worried about it.

When Lei Jianfu was the county magistrate of this place, he ordered people to dig a cave under the boulder, which was as big as the boulder, and then pulled up the stone with all his strength and pushed it into the cave, so the flood subsided.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Knife engraving and melting (a letterpress printing stunt)

Printing books with stereotypes was not widely used by people in the Tang Dynasty. Since Feng Dao printed the Five Classics in the Five Dynasties, all classic books since then have been printed with stereotypes.During the Qingli period, a commoner, Bi Sheng, invented letterpress printing.The method is to engrave characters with clay, which is as thick as the edge of a copper coin, and make a seal for each character, and then burn it hard with fire, then take an iron plate, spread medicine made of rosin and paper ash, etc., to print When writing, an iron frame is placed on the iron plate, and the words are densely arranged in the iron plate.After the line is full, the iron plate is taken to the fire and baked. After the medicine is gradually melted, a flat wooden board is pressed on the surface. At this time, the characters on the iron plate are as smooth as a whetstone.If you only print three or two copies, it is not easy, but if you want to print tens of hundreds of thousands of copies, it is extremely fast.Generally, two iron plates are made, one for printing and the other for writing.This side has been printed, and the cloth characters have also been laid out.Interactive use can be completed in a blink of an eye.Each character has several seals, such as "zhi" and "also", each character has more than 20 seals, in case there are repetitions in one board.When not in use, it is written on paper as a label, each rhyme is a sticker, and stored in wooden grids.If there are uncommon characters that are not prepared at ordinary times, immediately carve one with clay and burn it with plant ash.The reason why wood is not used for word printing is that wood has a dense texture, and unevenness will appear when it is wet.In addition, the wooden board cannot be removed after being glued to the medicine. It is better to burn the earthen characters. After use, the medicine will be roasted with fire, and the characters will fall off with a flick of your hand, and will not be stained at all.After Bi Sheng's death, my nephews got the seal he made, and it is still treasured up to now.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

The center is the most uneven (playing chess stunt)

"Xijing Miscellaneous Notes" records: "The Han and Yuan Dynasties were very fond of playing football, because playing football made the body tired, so they looked for games that were similar to playing football without tiring the body, so they switched to playing chess." I investigated. Playing chess is by no means a game similar to kicking a ball, but rather like "strike a game". It is suspected that it is due to an error in the biography.Xue Gao in the Tang Dynasty liked to play football. Liu Gang advised him: "There are many games that make people happy. Why do you take the risk to seek a moment of joy?" "Cuju".People today rarely play chess. There is a volume of chess records, which was probably made by people in the Tang Dynasty. There is a stone chessboard on the Buddha Hall of the temple, which was made in the Tang Dynasty.Li Shangyin said in a poem: "Jade is used to play chess, and the center is the most uneven." It is said that the center of the chessboard is high.Bai Juyi also said in a poem: "The best way to play a chess game is to play long and oblique."This method is still used in chess records today.When Liu Zihou talked about chess, he said that the use of 24 chess refers to this kind of game. "Hanshu Note" records: "Two people play a game, each with six white and black pieces." It is slightly different from what Zihou said. For chess, the ancient game uses seventeen pieces, which make up 280 nine pieces, and black and white pieces each have 150 pieces. It is different from the method of dismounting later.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Quiver as a pillow (listening skills)

In ancient times, cowhide was used as a quiver, and when going to sleep, it was taken off to make a pillow.Its intention is that because the quiver is empty in the middle, if it is placed on the ground and pillowed, the sound of people and horses walking several miles away can be heard, because empty objects are easy to accept external sounds.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Sending the Nobile in Darkness

When Qian was ruling the two Zhejiang provinces, he built a wooden pagoda at the Fantian Temple in Hangzhou. When it reached the second and third floors, Qian climbed up the pagoda, but felt that the wooden pagoda was shaking. That's it." So tiles were laid on it, and the tower swayed as before.In desperation, the craftsman secretly asked his wife to see Yu Hao's wife, gave her a golden hairpin, and asked why the tower was shaking.Yu Hao smiled and replied: "That's too simple, as long as each floor has been fitted with planks, nail them with nails, and the tower will not shake naturally." The craftsmen nailed the planks according to the law, and the tower became stable. The top and bottom of the board are tightly bound, and the six sides are connected as tightly as a box.When people walked on the tower, tried up, down, left, and right, of course the tower would not shake, and people all praised Hao Gaoming.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Add Stirrups and Strong Crossbows (Liang Crossbow Records)
During the reign of Xining, Li Ding donated a partial crossbow.It is similar in shape to a bow, but with a crossbow like a stirrup on it.When shooting, step on the stirrup with your feet to open the crossbow, and you can shoot three hundred steps away, piercing two layers of armor.People call this the "God's Arm Bow", and it is a rather sharp weapon.Li Dingyuan was the leader of the party Xiang Qiang. He voluntarily surrendered to the imperial court.And his sons are all brave and good at fighting in the western frontier.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Concave-convex human face (made by ancient mirrors)
When the ancients made mirrors, if the mirror surface was large, they made the mirror surface flat; if the mirror surface was small, they made the mirror slightly convex.A concave mirror reflects a larger human face, while a convex mirror reflects a smaller human face.A small mirror cannot see the whole face, so it is made to protrude a little, so that the face is reflected in a smaller size, and the whole face can be seen in the mirror even though it is small.When casting a mirror, the degree of convexity or concavity of the mirror must be determined according to the size of the mirror. To make the shape of the face in the mirror match the size of the mirror is the skill and wisdom of the craftsman, and later generations cannot reach this level.Recently, when people got a mirror, they immediately ground it into a flat surface. That's why Shi Kuang felt sad that he didn't have a bosom friend.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Drizzle hot oil (painting urn Juejutsu)
For all urns, the blanks made in July are best fired, followed by August, and the rest of the months are the best.All urns, no matter how big or small, are first painted.Anything made from a leaky urn is not good and cannot be successful, so special care must be taken when making it.Fresh from the kiln and urns that have been greased with hot grease are especially good.If the urn is newly bought from the market, it must be painted and repaired first, and it cannot be used to hold water immediately.

How to paint: Dig a small round pit on the ground (with two openings on the side to ventilate the fire), set up a charcoal fire in the pit, place the urn upside down on the pit and smoke with fire (be sure to adjust the fire properly, If the urn is too hot, it is easy to break, and if it is too weak, it is not easy to heat the urn), feel it with your hands at any time, and remove the urn if it is too hot.Pour the hot oil into the urn and turn the urn so that the oil flows slowly all over the urn.Be thoughtful and careful.until the oil no longer oozes out. (The best is beef and mutton oil, lard is also acceptable. Many people use sesame oil, which is misleading. If the oil cannot flow slowly, but only wipe around once, the urn will inevitably leak. Ordinary people steam the urn on the cauldron, which will only get more water vapor, and the effect is not good.) Then pour a few buckets of hot water into the urn, shake it for washing, pour it out, and then fill it with cold water.It will be ready to use in a few days.

"The Art of Qimin"

Rubbing flowers (the secret technique of making rouge)

Prepare in advance the remaining soda ash after Kochia, wormwood, etc. (if not available, you can use ordinary grass ash), pour the soda ash with hot water, and get the ash-cleaning juice (the ash juice obtained for the first time, if the alkali is too thick, it will Damage the active ingredients of safflower, this juice can only be used to wash clothes. Only when the third time, the ash juice obtained can be used to knead the flowers. At this time, the ash juice is weaker in alkalinity, and kneading the flowers can get a lot of Good color), used to knead flowers, you need to knead more than ten times until the color of the flower is completely lost.Then, use a cloth bag to squeeze out the kneaded thick juice and put it in a porcelain bowl.In addition, take two or three sour pomegranates, break open the skin, take out the seeds inside, mash them, add a small amount of extremely sour corn and rice water to mix, put it in a cloth bag, squeeze the sour juice into the flower juice Mix the two in a porcelain bowl (if you don’t have sour pomegranate, good vinegar and rice paste can also be used, if you don’t even have vinegar, you can also use very sour rice paste).Put white rice noodles as big as jujube into a bowl (if there is too much powder, the color will be too light), use a pair of clean and non-greasy bamboo chopsticks, stir vigorously for a long time, and then cover the bowl.At night, when the liquid has been clarified, the clear juice on top is poured off, and then the thick juice left in the bowl is poured into a bag made of raw silk or hot silk, and the bag is hung high.The next day, when it is half dry and half wet, twist it into small pieces, the size of half a hemp seed, and after drying in the shade, the rouge is made.

"The Art of Qimin"

Fire bursting from the stone (fortress building stunt)

The old Linban county town of Yanzhou City was built by Helianbo back then, and it is still called Heliancheng.The city is as solid as a stone, and sparks will come out when cut with a knife.The city wall is not thick, but the horse face used as defense is extremely long and dense.I have had someone measure it myself, and the horse faces are all four feet long, and the distance between them is six or seven feet. Because the horse faces are arranged closely, the city wall does not need to be too thick, and it is difficult for manpower to attack.

I have seen the siege with my own eyes. If the horse's face is long, it can shoot the enemy attacking under the city in reverse. In addition, if the horse's face is arranged densely with bows and arrows, stones will fall on them.It is a good way to prevent the enemy from approaching the city wall.Although the frontier defense walls are very thick, the horse faces are extremely short and sparse.If the enemy can attack the city, no matter how thick the wall is, it will eventually be dangerous.Among them, many of the corners of the city walls are cut into rounds, which are called regiment enemies, which is even more useless.The defenders all rely on the corners of the buildings on both sides of the horse to shoot arrows and throw stones to protect the footings of the city wall. As long as there are many places where the enemy feels defensive, the enemy will naturally not be able to hide and stand. Like the city wall of Helian City, it is worth imitating .

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Sprinkling water at the wellhead (salt mining stunt)

The salt well in Lingzhou is more than 500 feet deep. The walls of the well are made of rock. The mouth and bottom of the well are relatively wide, and the middle of the well is slightly narrower. Therefore, people call it "Zhangguyao".In the past, cypress wood was used to line the walls from the bottom to the mouth of the well, embedded around the walls of the well, and a rope was lowered along the lining to draw brine.There is also a large winch specially used for twisting rope beside the well.

Over time, the lining wood will gradually rot and often need to be replaced with new ones. However, the yin in the well is overwhelming, and people will be poisoned and die as soon as they enter the well, making construction impossible at all.Only when it rains, the cloudy air in the well soaks into the ground with the rain, can we do a little work, but as soon as the sky clears, we have to stop working.Later, someone designed a wooden plate filled with water, and there were some small holes in the bottom of the plate, allowing the water to sprinkle down like raindrops from the holes.Put a wooden plate on the top of the well, called a rain plate, and let it sprinkle water into the well all day long.After a few months in this way, the wall lining will be completely new, and the mausoleum can be reused.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Cool first and then cool (stunt for making light-transmitting mirrors)

There is a mirror that can transmit light in the world, and an inscription is engraved on the back of the mirror, with more than 20 characters.Its handwriting is so ancient and clumsy that no one can read it.Put the mirror under the sunlight, and the patterns and more than 20 characters on the bottom of the mirror can be seen clearly on the wall.Some people say that this is because the place where the copper is thinned is cold first during casting.The pattern on the back of the mirror is thicker, and the thicker part is colder, and the copper shrinks more.The words on the back will also appear faintly on the mirror.I took a serious look in the mirror and thought what he said was very reasonable.However, I also have three mirrors in my house, and I have seen mirrors collected by other people. They all have the same characters. There is no slight difference in the characters and patterns. The styles are very old. Only one mirror can transmit light. Yes, no light can pass through.From this, it is inferred that the ancients may have used other methods when making this mirror.

"Mengxi Pen Talk"

Little Plum Petals (Excellent Art of Fan Making)
Yao Yi, courtesy name Boyou, is good at painting plum blossoms and has an extremely romantic personality.The fans he made cannot be imitated by others, and are called unique.Every time a fan is made, Zhongshan plum petals must be glued on the fan surface, so that the plum blossoms on the fan will be dotted with plum blossoms, and the plum fragrance will float darkly.At that time, people called it "Yao Mei", and there were many imitations of his plum blossom fans, but they didn't have the charm.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Nine Monkeys Get Nine Sons

According to "Xu Yi Jian Zhi" records: Linzi has a farmer Zheng Mou, when he was plowing the field, he got a square inch copper seal button, engraved with nine apes, each as small as a bean, careful observation, the monkeys from shape to subtlety Everything is detailed.Zheng had no sons at first, but after getting this seal, he gave birth to nine sons successively.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Duck swimming plate (cast copper stunt)

There is a family named Zhu in Kunling, who collected a large antique plate with a duck shape emerging from the concave part of the plate, and the casting technique is extremely exquisite.Later, when another fisherman was fishing on the lake, he salvaged a copper duck. Mrs. Zhu bought it at a low price at home, and fitted the copper duck to the concave duck shape on the plate.When water is poured into the plate, the copper duck will float and swim in the plate like a bath.Only then did Zhu know that he had obtained a treasure, and he was greatly impressed by such superb and psychic copper casting skills.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Boiling water into the well (Midsummer ice making method)

During the dog days, when you want to get ice, you can fill a kettle with well water, plug the lid tightly, put it into the pot to boil, then take out the kettle and hang it into the well, the water in the pot will turn into ice. Simple and feasible solution.

"Compendium of Materia Medica"

Immortals enter the mirror (bronze mirror drawing shadow stunt)

If you want to show a human figure on the bronze mirror, you can use bamboo sweat (burn the green bamboo with charcoal fire, the water droplets that emerge from the bamboo will be), hair gray (the hair must be burned after washing off the grease), turtle excrement (put the turtle In the glass bottle, use a mirror to reflect the sunlight, and the turtle feces will flow out), toad oil and other four raw materials, and then dip a pen into the above formula to draw a portrait in the mirror, and then put it in the sun to dry , and then use talcum powder to remove the portrait, then rub it with vinegar, and finally wash it with mercury, the bronze mirror will become extremely bright, and the painted portrait will remain at the bottom of the mirror, making people think it is a fairy in the mirror, lifelike.

"The Chronicle of the Eunuch"

Dog gallbladder plus fish gallbladder (paper boat automatic technique)
The paper fish and paper boats usually made by hand are placed on the water and can only float when the wind blows.There is an existing method to make paper fish and paper boats move without wind: take a male dog gall and a fish gall, mix the two galls, apply the gall to the bottom of the paper fish and paper boat, and then put them in the water In the basin, paper fish and paper boats will float in a blink of an eye, just like real fish and boats.

"The Chronicle of the Eunuch"

Tea oil coating on the blade (sword anti-rust technique)

After sharpening the sword, smear it with camellia oil and store it in the sheath for observation once a month.If the oil and gas are still wet, but the light on the sword becomes dark, you can wipe the sharpening stone powder several times, then remove the stone powder, apply some tea oil and store it, so as to prevent the sword from rusting again.

"Cooking Collection"

Radish rub (old sheepskin turned into new technique)
Use a fresh big radish, remove the skin of the radish, dip it in pine water or talcum powder, and wipe it vigorously frequently, then the black stains on the sheepskin can be completely removed, and the sheepskin clothes are like new, and then put the sheepskin clothes on Dry it in the sun for half a day to prevent the sheepskin from becoming damp and yellow with radish juice.

"Secret Garden of Ancient and Modern"

Pounded elm bark juice

The broken stones in the garden are very ugly. In fact, there is a way to cure them: when the rockery is broken, you can mash some elm bark to get juice to join it to make the broken stone extremely strong and no longer broken, or you can put a single garlic root It can also be seamless if smashed and put into the broken place to join.

"Secret Garden of Ancient and Modern"

First wax and then vinegar (the secret method of eggshell carving)
Take some yellow wax and melt it, add a little green vitriol powder, use a new brush to dip in the juice, paint landscapes, figures, flowers, birds, fish and insects, Zhengcao Lizhuan and other calligraphy on the egg shells as you like, and then dry it.Then soak the eggshell in acid vinegar for a day, and then take it out. At this time, the eggshell is like a kind of exquisite sculpture.

"Secret Garden of Ancient and Modern"

Dot medicine at will

Take the bittern five qian and grind it into a very fine powder, then use the green alum [-] qian, gall alum three qian, and lime five qian to grind it into a very fine powder, put it into the thick grass ash juice and mix thoroughly, then take the ordinary bamboo and scrape off the bamboo green , Feel free to point the concoction to form spots, which is no different from ordinary mottled bamboo.If you want to paint on bamboo, this concoction can also be used. If you just use bittern lime and fill it with rice vinegar, mix it thoroughly and then paint on bamboo, but the effect will be less.If you dissolve a small amount of green vitriol in water, use a new brush to draw calligraphy and paintings on bamboo products, and then bake them on the fire for a while, the calligraphy and paintings will become black and never fall off.But if the green vitriol is too heavy, the color of calligraphy and painting will become tea-brown.

"Study of the Study Room"

Buried in rice piles

If you want to uncover the mounted calligraphy and painting, you usually soak the painting paper with water and then take it off. This method is easy to cause damage to the calligraphy and painting.Today there is a very good method: bury the calligraphy and painting in a slightly damp pile of rice. After one night, if you see that the calligraphy and painting are slightly damp, you can easily remove the mounted calligraphy and painting, and there is absolutely no trace of the painting and calligraphy. damaged.

"Study of the Study Room"

Water chestnuts boiled together (the secret method of softening copper and jadeware)

Bronze ware and jade ware are very hard things, and it is very difficult to engrave characters or carve portraits on them.If you put the bronze and jade wares in water, add water chestnuts and cook for a while, the bronze and jade wares will naturally soften, and you can carve calligraphy and paintings at will, and then naturally restore their hardness without softening.

"Study of the Study Room"

Boil Polygonum cuspidatum (bamboo softening technique)
When using bamboo to weave handicrafts, it is often difficult to make it soft. There is a way to make bamboo soft: cook with knotweed and bamboo for two hours, and you can weave bamboo as you like without breaking.Fresh scutellaria baicalensis leaves can also be used to cook bamboo, and the effect is the same.

"Cooking Collection"

Incense table for wood supply (house construction start method)

Generally, there is a set of rules for breaking ground and building houses. First, select an auspicious day based on the Yellow Scriptures, and place incense and candle offerings to worship the gods of heaven and earth. , After worship, take a piece of red paper and write the words "Start work", and stick it on this piece of wood.Take another piece of yellow paper and use a pen with the four characters "starting to work", write "Jiang Taigong is here" on the yellow paper, and paste this post on the place where the craftsman built the house, and there will be no taboos.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Stir thousands of times (the secret method of soaking lime)

There is a good way to soak lime. Put the lumps into a pre-dug pit, inject clean water, and stir it thousands of times with a tool such as a stick hook. The lime will naturally stick. piece.The stirred lime should be soaked with clean water.It can be used after ten days and a half months. The longer it is stored, the better, but it should not be allowed to dry up.If the lime is not stirred, the sand will be difficult to use; if the soaking time is short, the small stones in it will not be soaked for a while, and nails will appear when plastering the wall, and the wall will not be firm.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Not upside down (dry wood method)
The wood for building a house must be stacked in advance in a ventilated, dry and sunny room. After one to two months, the wood will be completely dry and the moisture will be removed before it can be used.When placing the wood, you must also pay attention: the upper beam should be placed with the root facing left and the tip facing right. The owner should pay attention to this point.

"Fu Shou Zhen Jing"

Grace Longluan (Harem Lady Red Art)

During the Three Kingdoms period, Xue Lingyun, the beauty whom Emperor Wei Wen loved, was from Changshan.His father's famous business was the head of the pavilion in Zan Township.His mother, Mrs. Chen, lived beside the pavilion with her job, and her life was very poor, so she had to gather women from the neighbors to make linen and weave cloth to make ends meet.Lingyun is seventeen years old, and her appearance is peerless.The teenagers among the local residents often come to peek at Lingyun's beauty at night, but they never see anyone.Later, Gu Xi, the governor of Changshan County, heard that the head of the pavilion's daughter was a peerless beauty, but her family was very poor.Whenever Emperor Wen chooses a beauty to enter the palace, Gu Xi hires her to be the emperor with a thousand pieces of gold.When Lingyun heard about this, she cried goodbye to her parents. The whole family was full of grief and anger, and tears stained their clothes.When it was time to board the car and set off on the road, Lingyun put tears in a jade spit pot, and the pot turned red.Starting from Changshan, when we arrived at the capital, the tears in the pot had already condensed like blood.

The emperor greeted him with ten Wen chariots.The wheels are covered with gold, the bent wood around the cow's neck is painted with Dan paintings, and the front of the bent wood is made of dragons and phoenixes made of miscellaneous treasures. Both the cart and the cow are equipped with Baizi bells.When the car is driving, ding dong bang, ringing in the forest.All the oxen that drive are green with parallel hoofs. This ox is a gift from the Situ Kingdom. It is as footed as a horseshoe and can travel three hundred miles a day.The incense of burning stone leaves on both sides of the road, the stones are stacked layer by layer, shaped like mica, and the light and energy emitted when burning can avoid severe diseases.When Lingyun's car was tens of miles away from the capital, she could only see the light of candles in front of her, which continued and never went out.The convoy suddenly filled the road and sat up to cover the stars and the moon. People called it "dust thunder" at that time.They also built a platform of earth, thirty feet high, and lit candle dust under the platform, called "candlestick", which looks like rows of stars falling to the ground from a distance.On the side of the avenue, a copper watch is placed every mile, five feet high, to indicate the mileage.Pedestrians on the road sang: "The road between green pagoda trees is dusty, and the Phoenix Palace in the Dragon Tower looks at Cui Wei. The breeze drizzles and miscellaneous fragrances come, and golden fire shines on the ground." This is a demon speech.Putting a copper watch on the side of the road is the meaning of gold coming out of the soil; placing candles under the table is the meaning of fire on the soil.King Huode of the Han Dynasty and King Tude of the Wei Dynasty mean that the fire falls and the earth prospers.To produce gold from the soil is the meaning of Wei's destruction of Jin and prosperity.

Before Lingyun arrived ten miles away from the capital, the emperor took a special car made of carved jade and pulled by people, and sat in the car to observe the grand occasion of the motorcade and pedestrians on the road.The emperor sighed and said: "In the past, it was said that 'the morning is the cloud, and the evening is the rain'. Today it is neither cloud nor rain, neither morning nor evening." Therefore, the name of Lingyun was changed to "Ye Lai", and she was loved by the palace.Later, foreign countries will offer the hairpin of fire pearl and dragon luan.The emperor said: "The emerald pearl and emerald feather are still invincible, but it is as heavy as the dragon and luan!" So he asked the country to stop offering this object.

In the palace, Ye Lai was very good at needlework. Even though he was surrounded by heavy curtains, he could still make clothes without the light of lamps and candles.Therefore, Di refused to wear clothes that were not sewn by Ye Lai.The palace called her "Shenzhen".

"Jade Well for Essays"

Suspected to be a True Dragon (Mirror Casting Mystery)
In the third year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, on May 20th, Yangzhou presented a court water heart mirror.This mirror is nine inches in length and breadth, green and dazzling.On the back there is a Panlong three feet four inches five minutes long, and its shape is extremely vivid.Xuanzong liked it very much after reading it, and was also very surprised.Li Shoutai, the officer who entered the mirror in Yangzhou and joined the army, said: "When the mirror was cast, there was an old man who called himself Long Minghu. The old man had white beard and hair, eyebrows like silk, hanging down to his shoulders, and dressed in white clothes. He was accompanied by a little boy, ten years old, Dressed in black, Long Hu called him Xuan Ming. The young and old came to Yangzhou Mirror Casting Factory suddenly in early May. When they came, they looked very strange and no one knew them. The old man told the mirror maker Lu Hui that he lived nearby The young man wanted to learn how to cast a mirror, that is, let the young man see how to cast it. The old man also said that he knew the secret of making a real dragon mirror, and wanted to make one for the young man. In order for them to make a precious mirror and present it to the emperor, he The two of them were allowed to enter the furnace, but the old man asked all the doors to be closed and no one else was allowed to enter. After three days and three nights, the left door suddenly opened, and [-] people including Lu Hui entered the courtyard to search, but Long Hu and Xuan Ming were nowhere to be found. I searched all over and found nothing. Suddenly found a piece of plain script in front of the mirror stove, and wrote in small official script: Mirror Dragon is three feet, four inches and five minutes long, has three talents, resembles four qi, and is endowed with five elements. It is nine inches in length and width, similar to Kyushu. Divide the field. The nose of the mirror is like a bright moon bead. The Emperor Kaiyuan is holy and divine, and I am blessed. The mirror can ward off evil spirits and appreciate all things. The mirror of Qin Shihuang is beyond comparison. The song says, Panlong Panlong, hidden in the mirror; There are images in the field, and the changes are endless; the clouds and fog are blown, and the rain produces the wind; the fairies of the Qing Dynasty come to present the holy Cong. After Lu Hui and others read the plain books, they moved the mirror casting furnace into the boat, and at noon on May [-]th , was cast on the Yangtze River. Before it was cast, the sky was clear and the world was quiet. When it was built, the water on the left and right suddenly became more than [-] feet high, like snow-capped mountains and floating rivers. I heard the sound of dragons singing, like the sound of reeds, reaching in Tens of miles away, I asked all the old masters and looked up the ancient records: 'Since the mirror can be cast, there has been no such difference'." After hearing this, Xuanzong ordered a special person to take charge of the mirror.In the seventh year of Tianbao, there was a severe drought in Qinzhong, with no rain from March to June.Emperor himself came to Longtang to pray for rain, but no.Then Ye Fashan, a Taoist priest of Wu Tianguan, asked: "I have always respected the gods to comfort the people. Now the sun is scorching like fire, and there is no rain for a long time. I am very worried about it. Why is there no rain when I come to pray in person? Have you ever seen a real dragon? Fashan said to him: "I have seen real dragons before. I heard that the joints of the dragon's limbs and joints are painted like real dragons, and there is a feeling. If you use them to pray, the rain will fall immediately. If you don't draw them like real dragons, you won't It will come true.” The emperor, Sun Zhigu, the envoy of the imperial edict, led a good Taoist priest to the Neiku to see what looked like a real dragon.Fashan looked all over the inner treasury, and suddenly saw the water heart mirror in Yangzhou, so he hurried back and said: "The dragon on the back of this mirror is a real dragon." The emperor came to Ningyin Hall in person and called Fashan to pray to the mirror dragon.In an instant, I saw two streams of white air on the temple building, approaching the dragon mirror downwards, and the dragon on the dragon mirror also had white air, approaching the Liang Dong upwards, and after a while, the white air filled the hall and courtyard, scattered throughout the city, and rained heavily , until seven days.Qin Zhong rejoiced in a bumper harvest.Later, the emperor drew a mirror dragon and bestowed Fashan on it.

"Strange Records"

Butterflies making trouble in the palace (making gold and jade wares)
In the Tang Dynasty, there was a craftsman named Han Zhihe who was good at carving.Birds such as luan, crane, crow and magpie can be carved out of wood, drinking water, pecking food, and singing are no different from real birds.Put the machine in the abdomen, the machine can fly in the air, the height can be a hundred feet, and it can be as far as one or two hundred steps away before it comes down. It can also restrain wooden cats and catch mice.The Flying Dragon Envoy of the dynasty valued Han Zhihe very much, liked him for his cleverness, dexterity and intelligence, and reported him and his works to the emperor.The emperor was very happy after seeing it, and ordered to reward Han Zhihe.Zhihe also carved a stepping bed, several feet high, painted with colored paintings, inlaid with gold and silver, carved with dragons and embroidered with phoenixes, which is called the dragon bed. The dragon's scales, beard, claws and horns all come out.Dedicate this bed to the emperor for trial use. If the emperor steps on it, the carved dragon will come alive with its teeth and claws.The emperor was terrified when he saw it, so he ordered them to withdraw.Zhihe immediately prostrated himself on the ground to plead guilty, claiming that the minister was ignorant, frightened the emperor, and deserved to die.The emperor smiled and said, what else do you have to try for me.Zhihe took out a square box made of paulownia wood from his bosom, several inches in square, and there were many gnats in it.There are more than a hundred of them, all of which are red, and it is said that they eat cinnabar.Zhihe divided them into five teams and ordered them to dance in Liangzhou.The emperor was amused when he saw it, and called the palace band to accompany him. The sound of silk and bamboo made the tigers circling more and more, and they were all in harmony with the rhythm of the music.Whenever there is a speech in the middle of the music, there is a faint sound like a fly, and at the end of the song, there are only one after another, and there seems to be a distinction between superiority and inferiority.Zhihe stretched out his hand to lead the tiger to his palm, the tiger can hunt flies within a few steps, just like an eagle and a vulture catch a sparrow, it is rare that it fails to catch.The emperor praised him for his impressive skills, so he bestowed silverware of various colors on it, and Zhihe handed over all of them to others after he left the palace.Later, he made a treasure kitchen for the emperor.In less than a year, Zhihe disappeared.Later, the emperor planted Qianye red peonies in front of the palace, and the flowers bloomed with a fragrance that was unprecedented in the world.From then on, tens of thousands of yellow and white butterflies gathered among the flowers in the palace every night, shining brightly until dawn.The palace people rushed at them with scarves, and the emperor ordered a net to be set up in the palace to catch them, and hundreds of them were caught, and the palace ladies chased them for entertainment.At dawn, all the caught butterflies turned into gold and jade, and their exquisite workmanship was incomparable.The court lady bound his feet with silk thread, used them as jewelry, and put them in a powder box, which emits light at night.One night, he opened the treasure kitchen and saw that there were many gold scraps and jade scraps hidden in it, some of which were about to turn into butterflies. Fang felt in the palace that it was the skill of Zhihe.

"Du Yang"

People and horses in the mirror (making the abbot mirror)

Tang Zhongzong ordered the manufacture of Abbot mirrors in Yangzhou.It is made of copper in the shape of an osmanthus tree, with golden flowers and silver leaves. The emperor often takes pictures of himself on horseback, and both people and horses are in the mirror.The skill of this mirror is like a miracle. No one knows that it was made by a craftsman in Yangzhou.

"The Ruling and the Wild"

The emperor was taken aback (building Huaqing Pool)

Tang Xuanzong built Huaqing Pool in Tsinghua Palace, which is large in scale and extremely luxurious.Anlu Mountain acquired a large amount of white marble from Fanyang, and carved it into fish, dragon, phoenix, geese, stone beams and stone lotus flowers, etc., and presented them to the emperor.These stone carvings are so exquisitely carved that it is hard to believe that they are made by human beings.The emperor was overjoyed, and ordered stone beams to be placed across the pond, and stone lotus flowers to emerge from the water.After the completion of the work, the emperor came to the Tsinghua Palace, came to the Tangchi, undressed and took a shower. When he was about to enter the pond, the fish, dragons, phoenixes and geese seemed to be raising their wings like a Linlin, as if they were about to fly.The emperor was terrified, and immediately ordered the removal of the fish, dragon, phoenix and geese, but the stone lotus and stone beams remained.Later, dozens of long soup pools were built in the palace, the houses were surrounded by nine curves, and stones were built on the walls; silver lacquer boats and sandalwood perfume boats were built in the pools, and the oars on the boats were all decorated with pearls and jade; In the Tangchi, jade and sandalwood are used to build a rockery, which looks like a continent. The essence of the creation is unprecedented, and there will be no one in the future.

"Tan Bin Lu"

Horse head man (birthday car)

In the Ruyi year of the Tang Dynasty, when Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor, Haizhou offered a craftsman to make a twelfth birthday car.Whenever the revolving side of the chariot is facing south, the Meridian Gate will open, and the horse-headed people will turn around in all directions.He also built a wooden fire channel, and used an iron cup to hold the fire, which can be tossed without turning over.I don't know who this craftsman's name is, and to whom is his skill passed down?

"The Ruling and the Wild"

Fairy Picks Up (Zao Guan Wen Dian)

Yang Guang, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, ordered the construction of a unique Guanwen Hall (equivalent to today's National Library).There are twelve exquisite bookcases in each of the two compartments in front of Guanwen Hall. In front of the bookcases, there is a heavy bed made of spiced wood, all of which are carved with jade railings and decorated with flowers, birds and animals.In spring and summer, the bed is covered with a mat made of thin ivory strips with nine-curved patterns, in autumn it is covered with a phoenix silk flower mattress, and in winter it is covered with cotton quilts and felts.Emperor Yangdi often drove to the library to read.In these twelve study halls, there are lightning windows in the north and south, facing each other exquisitely. The carving work is extremely wonderful and brilliant.There is a door for every three rooms, and a splendid emerald curtain hangs on the door.There are two flying fairy beauties on the door, and a mechanism is hidden in front of the door. When Emperor Yangdi is about to arrive in a car, there are palace people stepping on the mechanism, and the machine is launched, and the immortals fly down, standing on both sides of the hall, holding the curtain and rising .The two doors opened automatically, and the door of the bookcase opened slowly.All of this is very natural and realistic, all relying on the power of the inner machine.If Emperor Yangdi drove out, the bookcases, doors, and curtains would be closed one after another, returning to their original state.Moreover, entering and exiting each school hall is the same as opening and closing freely.The books in the book hall are all famous works from ancient to modern times. The terms and conditions are in order, the grammar is smooth, and the transcription is correct. There are no mistakes between the words. In ancient times, it is a famous treasure in the world.From the Han Dynasty to the period of Emperor Liang in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, all the writings of scholars in the world are incomparable.Most of the titles of the new books in the collection were formulated by Emperor Sui Yang himself.Every time the subjects contribute a book, they will be rewarded by the emperor.

"The Relics"

Rise from nothing (Zao Meridian Platform)

Qin Shihuang wanted to build Yunming Terrace, so he recruited precious wood, unique bricks, tiles and sand from all over the world, and recruited skilled craftsmen from all over the world.Soon, he got Yanqiu green trees, Lishui burning sand, Bendu vermilion, clouds and bamboos from the south; Haifujin, Langyuan Yubi, Tiaozhang Xiasang, Shen Tang Yuanchou; from the north to get Mingfu lacquer, Yinban Wenzi, Qiliu Lipo, Yinhai Xiangqiong, rare is a collection.There are two skillful craftsmen who built this Yunming Terrace. They can lift up the rafters and operate the saw ax in the sky.Therefore, the Qin people called Yunming Terrace Ziwu Terrace.

"The Relics"

Dragon's Mouth Spits Beads (Seismograph)
Zhang Heng, courtesy name Ziping, was born in the later Han Dynasty.He invented and built the famous Houfeng Seismograph.This seismograph is made of fine copper, with a diameter of eight feet and a raised cover, shaped like a wine bottle.The appearance is cast with seal script and the shape of mountain turtles, birds and beasts.There are capital pillars in the middle, and eight roads along the side. There are organs in the middle, and there are eight dragons outside, with their heads facing down, and each holds a copper ball.There are eight toads below, with their mouths facing upwards, aiming at the dragon's head, as if receiving copper balls.The structure of this seismograph is extremely precise, and the inner and middle tooth mechanism is very delicate, all of which are hidden in the bottle, covering it tightly and seamlessly.If an earthquake occurs in a certain place, the dragon's head will spit out a pill, and the toad will hold it in its mouth, and the vibration will be excited, so that the on-duty watchman on the side will find that an earthquake has occurred in a certain place.The ingenuity of this seismograph also lies in the direction in which the earthquake occurred. Only one dragon in that direction spit out beads, while the other seven dragons remained motionless.Therefore, following the direction of a dragon spit out beads, we can know where the earthquake is.The Houfeng Seismograph is well-made and fits like a god. In the records of the books before the Later Han Dynasty, such an exquisite instrument has never been found.Once, a dragon spit out beads but the ground did not move. Some people in the capital blamed the instrument for not working. A few days later, a postman sent a message that there was an earthquake, so everyone admired the instrument's incomparable magic.

"Later Han"

Three years of severe drought (wooden kite making)

Lu Ban, born in Dunhuang, whose age is unknown.He is a skilled craftsman, very good at making good fortune.He once built Buddhist buildings in Liangzhou.He can make a wooden kite, and when he is done, he rides on it and hits the wooden wedge three times to take off. He often flies home with the wooden kite.Not long after, his wife became pregnant. His parents questioned why his wife was pregnant, and the wife explained the reason in detail.His father waited for this every day, and finally got the wooden kite, hit the wedge more than ten times, and flew to Wu Guoji with the wooden kite. The Wu people thought he was a human demon, so they killed him.Lu Ban made another wooden kite and flew to Wuhui to collect his father's body.Lu Ban resented the Wu people for killing his father, so he made a wooden fairy in the south of Suzhou City, and made him raise his hand to point to the southeast. As a result, Wu land suffered a severe drought for three years.The Wu people were very confused, so they asked the warlocks to divination, and they knew that it was Lu Ban's work.Therefore, thousands of precious treasures were collected, and they were given to Lu Pan as a token of apology, and Lu Pan broke the immortal hand of the tree.That month, it finally rained heavily in Wudi.Later, it was fashionable for the local people to pray to Lu-like wooden immortals.During the period of the Six Kingdoms, Gongshuban also made wooden kites to spy on the city of Song.

"Youyang Miscellaneous"

Get the Way (Wooden Sheep)

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, there was a Qiang from the Shu Kingdom whose surname was Ge and whose name was You. He could carve wood into sheep and sell them in the market.One day, Ge You rode a wooden sheep into the city of Shu, and all the rich and powerful people in the city followed him to Suishan, a high mountain in the west of Mount Emei.It is said that those who went up the mountain with him practiced Taoism and never returned.According to folklore, "if you get a peach in Suishan, you can't become a fairy, but you can be proud of it." Therefore, there are many temples at the foot of the mountain.

"Dharma Garden Pearl Forest"

All the rage (cabinet making)
Ming Dynasty folk daily furniture, initially only used ginkgo wood gold lacquer square table and ordinary stools and chairs.After Mo Tinghan and Gu Song bought fine wooden desks and Zen chairs from Wumen, fine wood furniture began to become fashionable.Since Longqing and Wanli, even the homes of slaves and servants have used fine wood furniture.Those carpenters who make furniture compete with each other.Display the fine dowry, miscellaneous utensils and other wooden furniture made by yourself in the market for people to choose and buy.But the rich and luxurious families feel that the furniture made of ordinary Lingshou wood is not noble enough. All the beds and tables are made of rosewood, cherry wood, bird wood, acacia wood and boxwood. Money, all the rage.What's even more strange is that a small servant like Zao Kuai occasionally gets a house, that is, decorates and renovates the room with wooden boards, raises pets, displays pots of fish and flowers, and places fine tables and dust whisks in the room, which is called a "study room".I really don't know what book to read soon.However, the methods of making these fine wood furniture are occasionally handed down.

"Daily Records"

Build a Tower Overnight (Construction Technique)

During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the emperor visited Yangzhou in the south.At that time, the head of the salt merchant gang in Yangzhou was a man named Jiang, and all the supplies of the emperor in Yangzhou were undertaken by Jiang.One day, the emperor came to the Dahong Garden for a tour, and when he came to one place, he said to the left and right: "This place is very similar to Chunyin, Qiongdao in the South China Sea, but it is a pity that there is no Lama Pagoda." The left and right attendants asked them to draw the blueprint of the Lama Pagoda, and hurriedly summoned skilled craftsmen to raise materials for the tower overnight, and the tower was built overnight.The next day, the emperor came to visit the garden again and saw the pagoda standing tall. He was very strange and thought it was a fake pagoda. When he got closer, he found that it was actually made of bricks, stones and earthworks.Inquiring around, and knowing the reason, he sighed: "The financial power of the salt merchants is really great!" In later generations, the garden was destroyed by bandits and turned into rubble.

"Four Dynasties"

Cotton quilt incense (making incense burner)

There is a skilled craftsman in Chang'an, surnamed Ding and surnamed Xu, who has made many rare treasures, especially the following ones are the most famous: one is always full of lamps, surrounded by seven dragons and five phoenixes, and hibiscus and lotus roots are also set off.When this lamp is lit, the hall will be full of brilliance, which is extremely beautiful.The second is the mattress censer, also known as the quilt censer. The method of making this censer was originally from Fangfeng, but it was lost later. It was redesigned and manufactured by Ding Huan. , can be placed in the bedding, hence the name.The third is the nine-story Boshan incense burner, on which many strange birds, monsters, flowers, birds, fish and insects are engraved, and these spirits can move naturally.He also made a fan, called the Seven Wheel Fan, which is equipped with seven large gears with a diameter of more than ten meters, connected with each other, and operated by one person.

"Miscellaneous Notes of Xijing"

Golden Light in Palm (Fan Making)

There was a capable man named Shi Jilong who was good at crafting.He once made a fine fan called "Mica Wuming Jin Thin Mo Nan Fan".Using precious materials such as pure gold and mica, the pure gold is made as thin as a cicada's wing, and immortals, strange birds, and strange animals are painted on both sides with colored paint. The size is embedded with mica, and then sutured with very fine thread.Even if the fan is fully folded and folded, it can still emit a clear golden light, which looks like gold and is desirable, hence the name Mo Nan.When Ji Long went out, he would often take this fan on a sedan chair and go in and out of social places. Everyone was amazed when they saw it.It is a pity that no one has passed on the skill of making this fan.

"Ye Zhong Ji"

Folding Wings into Fans (Fan Making Technique)

Jingjiang people are good at catching birds and can fold their wings to make fans.Lupines are used in summer, and the breeze is gentle, which is extremely cool.The feathers used to make lupines must first be rinsed, straightened out, tied with threads, hung indoors, and dried until the tendons are set before they can be used.Eagles, that is, big eagles, use their feathers to make fans. The feathers are several feet long, black and windy, and they are used by warriors, which is quite spectacular. The fine wind is mostly used by scholars, and it is quite elegant to paint its muscles and bones with red glue paint; the Jiaozhi people also use crane feathers to make fans, and attach a fan handle to carry them with them, so that snakes dare not approach them.It is said that there are many snakes in Jiaozhi, and cranes can eat snakes. When snakes hear the spirit of cranes, they will run away from them.

"Answers Outside the Ridge"

Fan Yao (making fan bones)

Wuzhong folding fans, those made of red sandalwood, ivory and ebony as their bones are nothing more than vulgar objects, but those made of palm bamboo and moso bamboo can be called elegant objects.The fan surface is expensive, but it is not expensive, only the fan bone is the most valuable.In the past, Ma Xun, Ma Fu, Liu Yonghui and others were famous fans who made fan bones, and the fans they made were worth several baht.In recent years, there are Shen Shaolou and Liu Yutai, and the price has risen to one gold per handle.The fan bones made by Jiang Sutai are especially known as unique skills, and each handle is worth three or four gold. The whole market rushes to buy them. They are like big antiques, and they are called "fan demons".

"Wild Harvest"

Wang Wuchi (Cast Buddha Statue)
Wang Wuchi, born in the late Ming Dynasty.When the Ming Dynasty died, it saved tens of thousands of guan coins.After the Qing soldiers entered the customs, Wang Wuchi knew that the copper coins were useless, so he melted all the coins and cast them into Buddha statues.The cast Buddhas are all huge, and have the inscription "Five Idiots".Pei Maolan, a dutiful son of Zhou, wrote that Wang Wuchi accumulated money to make offerings to Huqiu Temple for the five bodies of Buddha statues.The Buddha statues cast by the five idiots are fat and plump, which is rare among many bronze Buddhas. The secrets of their techniques are not passed on to the outside world, so there are very few Buddhas with a wide heart and a fat body in temples.

"Chronicle of Baosu Tang's Gold Surface Painting and Calligraphy"

Mixed crab roe (using lacquer secret technique)

Qi is most afraid of crabs. (According to "Zhou Jing Materia Medica": Crab roe can turn paint into water, and use it for confused paint sores.) Su Dongpo once invited a painter to come to his home for lacquerware, and the painter grabbed steamed cakes with his hands and ate them. The crab roe was fed, and the painter slowly woke up.Ink is mixed into paint, most of which is top-grade paint.However, it must be mixed with a little crab roe before it can be used, otherwise, the paint will be stubborn and it will not be smooth to brush.This is a skill not handed down by painters.

"Qiu Chi's Notes"

Take turpentine (beauty secret)

The rosin produced in Zhending is better. (According to "Compendium of Materia Medica", turpentine is also known as rosin and pine gum. The smell is bitter, sweet and warm, and non-toxic. It is mainly used for pain, jaundice, and malignant sores, head ulcers, white baldness, and scabies. It calms the five internal organs and removes heat.) Put it in a fine cloth bag Pick up, soak in water, boil the soup and cook.The turpentine that can be seen floating on the water surface is taken out with a strainer and thrown into new water again; if it cannot be boiled for a long time, it is discarded and not used.Put in the end of white Fu stems, and pestle as the end.Take three coins a day, put it in the mouth of the dagger, rinse your mouth with a little boiled water, wipe your teeth as usual, then sip a little boiled water, swallow it, and rinse your teeth again.This technique can strengthen the teeth, keep the face and black beard.

"Qiu Chi's Notes"

Shaped like an incense burner (ancient chess game)
The game of chess played by the ancients has been lost.Li Qi's "Playing Chess" records: "The beautiful jade in Lantian is as clear as a stone, and there are twelve pieces of white and black. It is the jade that is used for chess, and the number is twelve." .There is a poem in Yishan: "Jade is used as a chess game, and the center is not even." Wang Jian's "Gong Ci" says: "Playing chess jade refers to two unevenness, and the back game is facing danger. Half of it hangs down." Huayin Yang Lao chanted playing chess at the age of six, and his poem said: "The zenith is convex below the Kui shape, and the moon is in the middle of the 24-inch window." I don't know how to make it.

"Archaeological Map"

Eighty-four hands and eyes (Buddha statue)
Yang Huizhi from the Tang Dynasty shocked the world with his statues.When Yang Chu was learning painting, he imitated Wu Daozi, and his painting skills were very high. Later, he changed to study sculpture, and gradually became famous in the court and the public.The Tripitaka of Dayi Jing made by him says that in Mount Langka, all the beasts and birds in the mountain are afraid of seeing it, and dare not go to the mountain.The statue of Avalokitesvara he molded has [-] hands and eyes, which can be called unparalleled.All Buddha statues molded by him are warned that future generations should not paint them indiscriminately.It is a pity that there are still laymen repairing his portrait, which has lost Yang Huizhi's original intention.His unrivaled skills have also been annihilated since then, and there is no one to succeed him.

"Taiping Qinghua"

Jade fingers dipped in incense (carved plum core)

In Yongjia, there was a lady who could carve green plum cores with flowers and birds, which was very slender and lovely.When the core is held in the hand, it is as exquisite as a small box; when the two pieces are joined together, it is as round as a plum.Carving cores and carving stones is the skill of a craftsman, but this plum basket is made by a boudoir beauty, which is even more amazing.Moreover, the jade fingers are fragrant, and although the carved plum basket has no living branches, the fragrance of the plums can be smelled. It is no wonder that Li Taibai wrote a poem: "The precious plate recommends carved plums."

"Langya Manchao"

Boudoir Pets (Water Mill Bamboo Ware)
Pu Zhongqian, a native of Suzhou, possesses unique skills and specializes in grinding bamboo with water.Such as fan bones, wine glasses, pen holders, arm rests, etc., are wonderful for a while.Rosewood ebony and ivory are also ground, but they are rare.He once made two pairs of bow soles for Mrs. Liu. They are slender and cute, and the smooth wooden clogs smell like makeup and powder. They can be called boudoir pets.

"Five-Colored Gourd"

Straight to the Qin and Han Dynasties (Mirror Casting Mystery)

Casting mirrors is the most difficult process of smelting copper. First, burn the copper red, break it into crumbs, pound water chestnuts with salt and vinegar, mix them with copper, and bury them in the ground. After seventeen days, take them out, put them in the furnace to melt them, and throw in a magnet for every two; The next time, fire nitrate for a qian; then throw sheep bone marrow for a qian, and pour the copper on the sand of Taihu Lake. Other kinds of sand cannot be used.When the copper is very clear, add a bowl of tin. For every catty of red copper, add five taels of tin, and for every catty of white copper, add six taels of five qian. The best water to use is plum water (snow water) and Yangtze River water.White copper is smelted, only six taels per catty, red copper is ten taels, and white copper is fine. After casting, the mirror is opened, and good tin is six cents a penny, and good mercury is one penny. Alum costs six cents a penny, and it is finely researched for later use.If you want to make "mercury ancient", divide it into a new pot with bile alum and mercury, burn it like bean curd residue, apply a little on the mirror, and then burn it with fire.If you want to make "black lacquer ancient", put mercury on it after opening the face, soak it in soap alum water for one day and pick it up.Other colors must be manufactured in Huangmeitian.After coloring, it is placed in the wetland for a month before it can be moved, so the colors and Qin and Han things can't be left behind.

"Quick Snow Hall"

Hand-held seven-level pagoda (bronze ware)
Liu Zhenfu of Dangshan was known as the "holy hand" because of his exquisite craftsmanship in making bronze wares.He once built a statue of Zhunti for Wannian Shao, which was about two inches high, and it took three years to complete it.The statue has eighteen arms, each holding an object, and one hand holding a seven-level pagoda. Each level has a Buddha on each side. The statue is solemn, so-called magical craftsmanship.Liu Zhenfu once carved two seals for Song Luo, one is a turtle button, and the other is a chicken button, both of which are exquisite and playable.Liu's skills have no successors.

"Yun Gallery Puppet Pen"

Pill test technique (mounting the inner wall of the gourd)

The imperial court needed artisans for mounting paintings, and Wu Jun specially sent four of them to Beijing.When he first arrived in the palace, he was given a gourd with a thin waist and ordered to paste a piece of paper on the inner wall of the gourd.This is undoubtedly difficult for the strong, and it cannot be done without the merits of the gods.The craftsmen didn't say a word for a long time, looking at the gourd and thinking hard.Suddenly one person thought for a long time, and suddenly said: "There is a way!" So he immediately cut off the stalk of the gourd, poured the bowl of porcelain that had been smashed into fine chips, and let the three of them shake it alternately.Not long after, the inner wall of the gourd was polished very smooth, and then the bowl crumbs were poured out, and the white cotton paper was soaked overnight to make a slurry, which was then poured into the gourd, shaken and then poured out until the slurry was dry. , pour again and again, so several times, and then enter the palace.The gourd was sent to Danqi, and the emperor ordered people to break the gourd.I saw that the inner wall of the gourd was covered with white paper, and there was no trace of patching at all.The emperor appreciated it greatly, and kept the four Wujun craftsmen in the court to specialize in mounting work.

"Story of the Capital"

Back fiber over mountain (car cable)
All hoisting of sails and cables is a matter of sailing in water.However, officials who are officials in Yun and Gui must also use trackers when they go up the mountain in sedan chairs.The fiber is made of dyed long cloth; when accepting the boss, it is made of silk fiber.The mountain is high and the road is steep, and when you go up by sedan chair, you have to use the strength of the rope to walk.In Shandong, people pushing small carts can be seen on the road, and when the wind is down, they spread sails on the carts to help the carts.Someone once made a pair with this: "Smile and see that the southern sedan pulls the cable, so that the northern car can hang the sail." In Ningxia, Gansu, there are many sandy mountains, and the local people also use the unique skill of pulling the sedan chair with a cable.

"Exposure Miscellaneous Notes"

Die without regret (statue)
Zheng Bifeng, a native of Xin'an, is famous for his statues.His unique skill is to imitate real people to create Buddha statues, all of which are lifelike and vivid.Looking at the statues of the gods in the Southern Dynasties, the statue of Jin Yi is the most unique, followed by the statue of Zhou Taiwei.According to the tradition of statues, the ears, eyes, mouth, and nose of all gods are uniform in size and height, but the Jinyi Chief Guan is different from the statue of the Taiwei. It looks like a living person, just like a real person.The famous Taoist society Zuoji Tanyangzi became immortal for several years, and countless people came to Zheng Bifeng, begging him to make a statue for the Taoist priest.However, just as Zheng Bifeng promised, he died suddenly, and it was difficult to rest in peace when he died.His art of statues has also been passed down.

"Plum Blossom Hall Grass Collection"

Leaving no trace (replenishing bronze ware)
Someone took a piece of ancient bronze vessel, which can be divided into several vessels, each of which has a true green color, which is difficult to identify even an expert.A certain Jinshi got a Song Dynasty porcelain bowl, played with it by chance, and found a slightly soft place, so he asked the craftsman.The craftsman told him that this place has been repaired and should not be touched again, otherwise it will fall off.The Jinshi looked at the Song porcelain bowl again, and saw that its glaze was green and smooth, and there was no trace of repair.So he thought: the ingenuity of the craftsman has reached such a level, let alone a bowl, the bronze ware that is already glowing green is easier to repair.If you want to record it, it should be Xu Shousu, Jiang Che, and Li Xin. Repairing ancient bronzes is like a god, and no one can match it.

"Jinling Trivia"

Wooden barking thief (wooden products)

There is a man named Huang Luzhuang, who is young and extremely intelligent, especially likes to be ingenious and good at various skills.When he was in private school at the age of seven or eight, Huang Luzhuang stole a carpenter's knife with his husband on his back, and used it to chisel a wooden figure. The carved figure was about an inch long and placed on the table. As people walked, the onlookers were all amazed and called Huang a child prodigy.When he was ten years old, Huang Luzhuang made small objects for self-appreciation, and everyone who saw them bought them with a lot of money.Huang Luzhuang was weak and sickly, could not stand the toss, and soon gave up, so there are not many works handed down from generation to generation.

Dai Wenzhao once saw Huanglu Zhuang make a two-wheeled cart, which was more than three feet long, and could seat about one person. He could move on his own without pushing it. Eighty miles per day.The wooden dog he made is placed by the door, curled up like a live dog, and when someone enters the house, the mechanism will bark continuously; the barking sound is no different from that of a real dog, no matter how cunning people are, they will not be able to distinguish the authenticity from the fake .The wooden bird he made, placed in a bamboo cage, can dance and fly by itself, and its song is like a thrush, which is very beautiful.To make a water vessel, put water in the vessel, and the water will fly from bottom to top like a line, up to five or six feet high, continuously for a long time.The coincidence of the strange things made by Huangluzhuang was lost after his death.

"Returning to the Field"

Smoke Floats Xingyuan (Hair Silk Curtain)
Mrs. Zhao, Sun Quan's beloved wife, is the younger sister of Prime Minister Zhao Da, and she is born with excellent looks.Mrs. Zhao is especially good at painting, and her handicraft is famous all over the world.She can use slender jade fingers to weave multicolored silk brocades, on which the clouds are surging, dragons and snakes soar into the sky, and it looks like a fairyland.The brocades she weaves are surprisingly small, the large ones are one foot square, and the small ones are only one inch square.The concubines in the palace all admired her and called her "unique".

Before Mrs. Zhao entered the palace, Sun Quan often lamented that he had not conquered Wei and Shu. Draw it out.Prime Minister Zhao Da learned of Sun Quan's intentions and recommended his sister to him.Sun Quan then asked Mrs. Zhao to draw a huge map, showing the topography of the five mountains in Kyushu.After hearing this, Mrs. Zhao smiled and said: "Painting is inseparable from Danqing, but Danqing is easy to fade and cannot be preserved for a long time. I have a little skill in embroidery, and I can embroider the situation of various countries, mountains, and rivers on one piece of silk. I wonder if your majesty will allow me to embroider images of the sea, the city, and the city?" Sun Quan was very happy to hear what his wife said, and asked her to embroider it quickly.Not long after, Mrs. Zhao really lived up to her expectations, and presented the embroidered silk map to Sun Quan.This exquisite silk picture is embroidered for thousands of miles, and it can be said that every strand is cool and lifelike.People in the palace called it "needling".

Mrs. Zhao also has a unique skill, which is the most famous "Silk Jue" in the world.When Sun Quan lived in Zhaoyang Palace, he always felt tired during the intense heat of summer, and could not sleep peacefully at night. He often lifted the purple silk curtains to let in a cool breeze.Mrs. Zhao saw that her husband was having a tough summer, so she thought about it and vowed to weave a silk curtain that was more breathable than a purple silk curtain and give it to her husband.So, one day she said to Sun Quan: "This purple silk curtain is not very good. I am thinking hard. If there is a silk curtain, it is as clear as clear water when viewed from the inside, but it can block mosquitoes and flies." This is the most suitable silk tent for you." Sun Quan was amazed at his wife's idea, praised her very much, and hoped that her wish would come true soon.Not long after, Mrs. Zhao really came up with a brilliant solution.She tore off a lock of her own black hair, cut each strand into several strands, and then glued them together with glue.The glue she used was produced in Yuyi Kingdom, and it was specially used to glue the broken strings of bows and crossbows.Mrs. Zhao weaved the hair silk gauze made of this kind of glue, which was extremely miraculous. After a few months, it was woven into a large size, and then cut into a curtain.When the light black curtain was hung up, it immediately felt like a light smoke was flowing all over the hall, slowly and flickering, as if there were gusts of cool wind blowing, making one instantly feel cool and extremely comfortable.Sun Quan couldn't help being overjoyed, and never left the curtain again.When marching and fighting ambushes, he always took it with him as a Xingyuan tent.The curtain is gently unfolded, and it is about a foot wide; when rolled up, it is only about the size of a powder fist.People who have seen this account all call Mrs. Zhao "sijue".

Since Mrs. Zhao's "Three Wonders" came out in the state of Wu, among the wonders of the world, there is nothing more exquisite than them.Later, those who were greedy for favor and flattery slandered Sun Quan, saying that Mrs. Zhao used demon skills to confuse the monarch, so Mrs. Zhao was deposed from the cold palace.Needless to say, her unrivaled skills were also lost.After the demise of Wu State, the "Three Uniques" only left their names but not their objects.

"Prince Year Supplements"

Twelfth lunar month snow (paste not moth method)
The paste made from the flour eaten in cold winter and the twelfth lunar month snow will not be bitten by silverfish.In addition, Song Wang Wenxian put the end of the research of acacia at home and put it in the book, which can ward off silverfish.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Substitute charcoal with jade (heating method in the palace)

In the Huichang period of Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty, the Fuyu Kingdom paid tribute to three buckets of fire jade, red in color, half an inch long, pointed at the top and rounded at the bottom, and illuminated for dozens of steps. The accumulation can be used to burn a tripod, and it is not necessary to add charcoal to the furnace when it is placed indoors.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Silver dragon spitting water (timing technique)
Li Lan's leak engraving method is: use a container to store water, make a thirsty bird out of copper, shaped like a hook, slowly guide the water in the container into the silver dragon's mouth, and spit it into the time-calculating device. Weighing one catty, it takes a moment.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Gold-wrapped brocade inlay (seat making technique)

Shi Jilong is good at weaving seats.The mat he made is wrapped with five spices in gold, mixed with multicolored threads, woven into catkins, and brocade around the edges.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Half Moon Grass (Woven Grass Cloth)
The grass is five feet high, the leaves are red, the stems are like gold, and the shape is like a half moon.Therefore, it is also called half-moon grass. It does not bloom or bear fruit, and has a soft texture. It can be used for weaving and making mats.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Grinding stone as a mirror (moon mirror ancient system)
During the period of King Mu of Zhou, there was a kind of mirror made of stone. The stone was as white as the moon and its face was like snow, so it was called the moon mirror.

"The Relics"

See the eyebrows clearly (ancient mirror made)
Huainanzi said: In the beginning of the mirror in ancient times, the surface of the mirror was hazy and people could not be seen clearly.Later, when powdered with black tin and ground with white powder, the beard, eyebrows and temple hair of a person can be seen clearly.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

The rainstorm can't be extinguished (the imperial lamp can't be extinguished method)
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty lit fangyi lanterns on the pavilion, and the light was purple. There were white phoenixes, black crowns, black dragons and horses playing in the pavilion.It is also said that the green tin is ground into crumbs with Danbao marrow and white phoenix ointment, then mixed with Chunsu oil, and shines on the divine sandalwood. When it rains heavily at night, the light will not go out, and when it is brushed with lin whiskers, Shuang'e will go to the lamp.and so on.

"Valley of Splendid Flowers"

Wheat head shaved (straw hat technique)

The ancients said: "Mao Pu is worn first", and some people call it "Qing Ruo Li", which are used to shade the sun and rain.Southerners often use bamboo hats.Northerners weave it out of barley, which is called a straw hat.Whenever the wheat is harvested in the farm, the relatives of the wheat harvesting family go to the farmer's house to collect the wheat scorpion, cut off its roots as firewood, and pull off the rough skin and unusable yellow calligraphy, which can be used for making mud.After combing and picking, the most white ones are pinched into braids, and then sewn into thin straw hats along the edges with silk thread.Straw hats come in various shapes. Those with round houses and wide eaves are called Ma Lianbo; those with tall houses and narrow eaves are called Xianghegao.Straw hats have many advantages, especially the fact that the brim does not sag when worn for a long time.The top grade is generally worth about 60 catties of Doujiu, and the second is decreasing. This is the value of [-] years ago. Nowadays, there are no workers who make straw hats, so straw hats are rarely seen.The rough ones are commonly used in households, and some people make them into roofless hat rings, which can be worn by both men and women.Someone wrote a ballad for straw hats: "Maizi shaved his head and cast the poles together. Braided into braids to make hats, the cheap ones sold for hundreds of dollars, and the noble ones sold for a few pennies. The rough ones don't sell for money. Made it up Straw hat woven hat rings, men wear straw hats to plow the ridge, women wear hat rings to deliver meals, young children wear them to herd cattle, and old men bring them on fishing boats. After returning to have dinner at dusk, count whether the hat rings are enough."

"Country Talk"

The groove is deep and the groove is shallow (money making board)
Use two rectangular wooden boards, cut into two grooves, like a split bamboo shape, the standard is to hold the standard money of one hundred Wen, a total of ten lines, this is called money board, also called money ratio.It is very convenient for the bank to string up the money boards with wire ties.Someone once wrote a ballad of praise for this: "The ditch is deep and the ditch is shallow, but there are only a hundred old officials. To find change and repair the foundation, it is better to ask Qian Bizi." We want to save money.Why bother to hang up the master's jade bureau, and make it a golden ditch.It is necessary to shrink the rope when it is built into Adu, and it is not enough to recognize the character of Masha.One hundred bronze palms are stretched out, and they are just picked up in the middle.

"Country Talk"

Cattle bones into the pond (the method of never drying up the pond)

During the Chongning period of the Northern Song Dynasty, the pool in the Imperial Garden of the Western Capital was prone to dry up. Some people said that if you put ox bones in the pool, the water in the pool would not dry up.At that time, Fan Shilao and Dong Yan saw it with their own eyes.

"Shaw Records"

Sailing a boat on a wooden beam (dragon boat building stunt)

Song Lu, the two Zhejiang provinces offered dragon boats, more than twenty feet long.There are several floors of palaces built on the ship, and imperial couches are set up indoors for the emperor's travel.Over the years, the inside and outside of the cabin are dilapidated and damaged, and repairs are needed, but construction cannot be done in water.In Xiningzhong, Huang Huaixin, the courtier, proposed to dig a large trough to accommodate dragon boats in the north of Jinming Pool.Several pairs of large piles are driven in the trough, and large wooden beams are placed horizontally on the piles, then the water is driven into the trough, the boat is rowed into the trough, placed on top of the wooden beams, and the water in the trough is turned dry.The boat sits in the air on the beam.After the repair is completed, the water pontoon will be reused, the beams and columns will be removed, and then a large house will be built on the tank to moor the boat and avoid the sun and rain.

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Zhong Kui Catch the Mouse (Wood Machine Stunt)

In Song Qingli, there was a sorcerer surnamed Li, what an ingenuity.There was once a wood carving of Zhong Kui, two or three feet high.Hold the iron slips in your right hand, put the fragrant bait in your left hand, and let the rat eat with your hands, then hold the rat with your left hand, transport the slips with your right hand, and kill the rat.Li dedicated the statue to King Jing, who let Li live under his door.One day, the ambassador of the Hui said: "A lunar eclipse will occur tonight." Li said: "I have a way to worship the sky and pray to the moon to make the lunar eclipse disappear."After Li practiced the method, it was night, and the moon and fruit did not eclipse.Wang Daqi regarded Li as a god-man.

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Drain a well with water (salt well digging)

There is a salt well in Lingzhou, which is more than five hundred feet deep. The walls of the well are made of stone.When the well is drilled, cypress wood is used as a rod from the bottom of the well to connect to the wellhead.The water can only be reached by hanging the rope from the wooden pole. After the water is drawn, it is winched with a large winch installed next to the wellhead.Because of the age, the shafts are destroyed, and people want to replace the shafts with new ones, but the dark air in the well is overwhelming, and those who go down the well always die, so there is nothing they can do.Only when it rains can people go down, so that construction can be done a little bit.Return to the sky and stop.Later, someone thought of a way to make a wooden plate at the head of the well, and punch some small holes in the bottom of the plate, and fill the plate with water, so that the water would leak into the well through the small holes, like raindrops.This plate is set on the well, which is called the rain plate.Add water to the plate continuously, so that the water goes down into the well and lasts all day long.After several months of construction in this way, the well rod is one of the new ones, so that the salt well can continue to produce and return to profitability.

"Song Barnyard Banknotes"

Feather of a hundred birds (weaving feather skirt)
Feather yarn and satin come from the overseas countries of Holland and Siam. At the beginning of Kangxi, only one or two tributes were paid each time. Now Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi have grown more, and they are woven from the feathers of hundreds of birds.According to "Yi Wu Hui Yuan", the princess of An Le Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty sent Shang Fang to weave a skirt with the feathers of a hundred birds.Moreover, the shapes of all kinds of birds can be seen, which shows that this kind of fabric has already existed in ancient times.According to the "Southern History" records, Prince Qi Wenhui wove peacock feathers as fur, which is extremely luxurious; it is said that Empress Wu collected emerald green fur as a gift to lucky ministers, which belong to this kind of fabric.In addition, there is a kind of lock burden, also known as Suofu, which is woven from the fine feathers of birds. Its patterns are very fine, as beautiful as silk fabrics.At present, there are the most in central Fujian, and the price is not very high, which cannot be compared with feather yarn and satin.

"Xiangzu Notes"

Climbing turtle in a bottle (various records of glass products)

If Xu Taiweiyan once went to Guangnan, when he was about to board a boat to cross the small sea, he picked up a glass bottle in the shallows. There was a small turtle in the bottle, about an inch long, spinning back and forth in the bottle, without stopping for a moment.A Hu man knew the turtle and said, "This is the treasure of the turtle."

"Idle Notes in the Void Valley"

Light as a flying swallow (speed car stunt)

During the Zhizheng period of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a painter Wang in Pingjiang who was good at ingenuity and was able to make strange utensils. He once made a boat out of cowhide. paint.When collecting, the boat can be folded and placed in a box, which is called a kayak.He also built a flying car with wings on both sides and a wheel inside. Turning the wheel can move up and down freely.The bag is placed on the top, so that the wind will flow from the back to the front, and the wings are like sails, crossing mountains and ridges, light as a flying swallow, and can travel [-] miles at a time. The higher the flight, the faster the speed.It was once said that the king of Yue had a bronze boat, Weiqiu had a bamboo boat, and the boats were made of white swan stones. However, they are not as good as leather boats. The leather is soft and practical.As for the manufacture of the flying car, it is said that it came from the Qigong family, and some people say that it came from Zhou Raoguo.

"Ink Yulu"

The rounder the better (fire in the air)

A piece of wood, cut into a very round shape, hold the wood up to the sun, hold a stick of dry wormwood in the other hand, and put it in the shadow behind the log, then the wormwood can be ignited.

"Natural History"

Roof tile mud leakage (sugar making)
Before Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, there was no white sugar in the world, and all Fujianese boiled was brown sugar.In the mid-Jiajing period, there was a sugar workshop. Accidentally, the soil from the cracks in the roof tiles fell into the sugar funnel. As a result, the sugar on the top of the sugar vat was as white as frost and snow, and its taste was different from usual. The middle was brown sugar, and the bottom The other is brown sugar.The sugar maker felt very strange, and took mud and pressed it on the sugar. After many experiments, it was the same, so white sugar began to come out from then on.

"Miscellaneous Notes of Guangyang"

Gun tuna silver (painted wood carving)

There is a man named Yang Huipan in Jiahe Xietang, who possesses the skills of gun gold and gun silver. His method is to use black lacquer as the base to carve out landscapes, trees and rocks, flowers and bamboos, feathers, pavilions, houses, etc. with needles. Figures, etc., and then use orpiment lead powder, apply gold foil and silver foil on it, and process it.

"Records of Quit Farming"

Capture the craftsman and return (carving lacquer technique)

Carved lacquer only began to exist in the Qingli period of the Song Dynasty. At that time, carved lacquer was called Xipi, Xipi and Xipi, and it was divided into gold and red.Knocking gold is to use a fine needle to knock out landscapes, figures, pavilions, flowers, trees, birds and animals, and use a drill to drill the empty spaces, which is called Zanxi.Those whose ground is as slippery as tiles, whose luster is thin, and whose color is like jujubes are called jujube rhinoceros.Its color is yellow and slippery, the round flowers are cloudy and thin, it is called Fuxi, and it is produced in Fuzhou.During the Yuan Dynasty, the one made by Peng Junbao in Xitang was very famous.The one made by another person named Yang Hui, although the pick is deep and steep, and has many layers, but the paste is not strong, and the yellow ground is the easiest to float and fall off.The Song Dynasty pick red wares, red thick color fresh, ruddy firm and heavy, gold and silver elements, pick sword ring vanilla is the best.If it is picking landscapes, figures, flowers and trees, birds, and animals on the yellow ground, although they are delicate, they are easy to float and fall off.During the Yuan Dynasty, most of the products made by Zhang Cheng and Yang Mao were thin and weak.There is a kind of counterfeit picking red, which is to use ash to form a sword ring and vanilla shape, and paint it with red lacquer. It is called pile red, also known as cover red.During the Ming Dynasty, the people of Dali, Yunnan Province were very good at making this kind of fake tick red.Li Junshi's "Zi Tao Xuan Miscellaneous Decoration" records: Among the lacquered silver and copper utensils, the ones in southern Yunnan are the best.Because Geluofeng invaded Shu (now Sichuan) during the Tang Dynasty and captured the skilled craftsmen of Shu and returned, it is still good at making.That is to say, it is often said that Dian craftsmen originated from the ingenuity of Shu craftsmen. However, it is a pity that it is also lost today.

"Antique Trivia"

Jiang Niangzi cast copper (bronze casting technique)

The post-lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty set up an official court in Jurong County, Shengzhou, and cast bronze wares with small cloud and thunder patterns on them.In the Yuan Dynasty, Jiang Niangzi of Hangzhou and Wang Ji of Pingjiang Road imitated the bronzes cast by Jurong. They were all famous, but the patterns were thicker.

"Antique Trivia"

The wall is as strong as iron (the method of long-term preservation of murals)

"Yunyu Yangqiu" says: When Wenkanggong was alive, Zhicheng often went to Ruzhou with Wenkanggong. He once went to Yunxing Temple and watched the two murals painted by Wu Daozi.One mural depicts Vimalakirti's death, Manjusri came to ask, and the goddess scattered flowers; the other mural depicts the prince traveling through the four gates, and Sakyamuni conquered the devil and became enlightened. The brushwork is very unique.The wall is made of yellow sand, which is as hard as iron.Zhicheng doubts why the painted wall can last for a long time. After reading this article, I just realized that since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the trend of painting the wall has stopped because the painter did not know this method, and the painter is only used to painting on the surface of the surplus ruler. , and do not understand the magic of wall painting.

"Antique Trivia"

Want to sit and want to lie down (Gateway is unique)
The gate tower of Xiangguo Temple in the eastern capital was built by the people of Tang Dynasty.Yu Hao, a carpenter at the beginning of the country, said: "It is said that it was built by the people of Tang Dynasty. Other aspects are possible. The only thing that is incomprehensible is the rolling eaves of this building." I just want to sit, and after sitting for a long time, I want to lie down, but I can't find a reason; the construction method of the two well pavilions inside the gate is beyond the understanding of modern carpenters.There are ten wonders in the temple, and this is only two of them.See Chen Shidao's "Houshan Cong Tan" above.Sincere note: According to Ouyang Xiu's "Return to Field Records", Yu Hao made Yu Hao. It is said that the Kaibao Temple Pagoda is the tallest among all the pagodas in the capital, and the system is very sophisticated. It was built by Yu Hao, a master craftsman.When the pagoda was first completed, it was not right when viewed, but it was tilted to the northwest, and some people wondered about it.Yu Hao said: "The capital is flat and there are no mountains, but it is mostly blown by the northwest wind. It will be corrected in less than a hundred years."The exquisiteness of his intentions is the only one among carpenters since the Kingdom of China.Today's carpenters follow the method of predicting.Yu Hao wrote three volumes of "The Wooden Classic", which has been handed down to the world.

"Antique Trivia"

Wooden Hall Area [-] (Construction Technique)

To rebuild the Hall of Supreme Harmony, engineers and workers began intensive construction on June 25, Yihai Year.Li Shaosi Kongzhen Meng Yuanzhen said that there was an old engineer surnamed Liang Mingjiu, who was over [-] years old, and Dong Jiangzuo was in charge of this project.From the previous generation to the early years of this dynasty, Liang Jiudong was responsible for all the projects built in Da Nei Xing.One day, Liang personally made the first area of ​​the wooden hall, measuring the size by inch, and the size by size, which was more than a few feet.In the early Ming Dynasty, there was an engineer named Feng Qiao who built palaces. From the Wanli period to the end of the Chongzhen period, he finally became old.Liang Jiu worked under Feng's family for several years, but he never received Feng's technical instruction. Instead, he served him all day long, never slack off, and became more and more respectful.One day, Liang Jiu served Feng Qiao alone, and Feng Qiao said to Liang Jiu, "You are indeed very good, you are a talent." So he spread the secret of his skills.After Qiao's death, Jiu Sui became a member of Dongguan and took charge of construction on his behalf.

"Ju Yi Lu"

A broken key (inscribe)

Wang Xuzhou, who lives in Huaiyin, will return at the end of the year, crosses the river to Songshizhai, bids farewell to his uncle Mr. Xugu, waits for the boatman to arrive, sees a broken key on the table, takes out the stone in the box, uses the broken key instead of a knife, and engraves The word "Xugu" has a vivid and elegant font.After engraving and printing, it seems to be written with a bald pen.It is said that the seals of Bian Shoumin and Cheng Shuinan were all written by him.

"Talk with a Guest After Tea"

Moment of instruction (pot leak structure)
The ancients used a pot with a floating leak for timekeeping, which is called "pot leak".In April of the Bingyin Year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the pot leak was remade.There are seeking pots and waste pots for floating leaks.The complex pot is used to spread water, the built pot is used to receive water, the jade hammer is used to filter water, and the bronze history is used to command time.Later, the so-called Tianhu was the relic of the old seeking pot, the making Tianhu was the relic of the past re-pot, the flat kettle was the relic of the past waste pot, and the divider pot was the relic of the past Jianhu.As for the Longkou jade drop, the bronze man holds the arrow, which is the legacy of the past jade hammer and bronze history.Since the Song Dynasty, the pot leaks have been roughly the same, except that the old system used to be divided into 96 quarters at [-] o'clock every day; today it is divided into [-] quarters, the difference lies in this.

The structure of a pot leak includes: there are three watering pots on the upper floor, which are square in shape and are called day pots, night pots and flat pots.On the lower floor, there is a water pot with a square shape, and a water pot with a round shape.The three watering pots on the top leak water to the receiving pot in turn. On the receiving pot is a bronze man holding arrows through the leak, and an arrow boat is installed below.

"Qing barnyard banknotes"

Pig tooth deer ear (bronze drum pattern)
Bronze drums are often found buried underground in Guangxi, and those who open up wasteland and cultivate land can often get them.The drum is perfectly round, with a flat surface and a curved waist, resembling a baking basket and a seat made of jade.There are several toads living on it separately, and the toads seem to be squatting, one big and one small looking at each other.The patterns on the top, the round ones are ancient coins, the square ones are like weaving patterns on bamboo mats, or they are herringbone, or round with holes in the middle, or they are like pagodas, like Yulin, or like pig teeth, like deer ears. , forming a well-organized texture.Looking at all the patterns together, it is very similar to the shape of a fine painting array. The production is exquisite and precise, and it is very beautiful and fun.The big bronze drums are seven feet wide, and the small ones are three feet wide, which are generally found in local shrines and Buddhist temples.States and counties are used to beat drums to announce the hour, or to report the hour at night.People in the Wuling area often bought them privately and buried them in the mountains again, for some unknown reason.According to "Guangzhou Ji": "The slender scorpion casts bronze drums, but the tall ones are the most valuable, and the face is more than ten feet wide. I don't know when the results are cast." .It can be confirmed that the bronze drum was cast before Xijing.Although the bronze drum is not the bronze ware of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties, it already had casting technology in the three dynasties.There is also a very small bronze drum, only two feet or so, which is extremely cute and fun, and is rarely seen nowadays. Perhaps it is searched for by scholar-bureaucrats who like to collect antiques!

"Answers Outside the Ridge"

Steaming books (secret technique of saving flooded books)

If the book is soaked in water, it can be steamed in a large steamer first, and then taken out and exposed to the sun. When it is still [-]% or [-]% wet, press it on a flat place with a heavy object, and wait until it is completely dry. Medium to slight stains, but no damage.

"Zhou Zai"

Available for seven years (made of paper mattress)

Tengyue Prefecture in Yunnan is good at producing paper mattresses. A paper mattress can be used for six to seven years. It is firm, smooth and soft, and nothing can compare with it.Qinghua Shanren in Shixing, Guangdong can also make paper mattresses, but they are not as soft and durable as Yunnan paper mattresses.Guizhou once produced paper inkstones, which have not broken after many years of use, and can be washed in water, which is considered a miracle among paper.

"Stowe"

Advice in Prison (Building Fly Bridge Skill)

There are mountains in the southwest of Qingzhou City, and a wave of water runs across the city, dividing Qingzhou into two cities.At first, bridges were built by planting pillars in the water, but in June and July every year, mountain torrents broke out, the water level rose sharply, and the water washed over the bridge pillars, often destroying the bridge, which has become a major disaster in Qingzhou.In the Song and Ming Dynasties, Xia Yinggong guarded Qingzhou and wanted to relieve this worry. He found out that among the criminals in the prison, there are wise men who can build bridges.So he was asked to be released from prison and tried every means to rebuild the bridge.The unique technique used is: stacking boulders to reinforce the two banks, taking dozens of large trees to connect them, and erecting them as a flying bridge without bridge pillars.The bridge has survived wind and rain without breaking.During the Qing Dynasty of the Song Dynasty, Chen Xiliang stayed overnight, because the Bian Bridge was often destroyed, damaging the official boats, and harming people and animals, so he ordered to follow the example of the Qingzhou-built fly bridge.Along the back of the Bian River are flying bridges, commonly known as Hongqiao, which bring great convenience to cross-strait exchanges.

"Mian Shui Yan Tan Record"

Entering the Kiln to Transform Jade (Potter's Unique Technique)
During the Song Dynasty, Jiangxi kiln wares came from Yonghe City in Luling.There was an old man named Shu who was good at making all kinds of toy kiln wares.This is especially true for Shu Weng's daughter, who is known as "Shu Jiao", and her furnaces are almost equivalent to those of Ge Kiln.I once got a plate and an ounce, which were pale and shiny, poured into water, and remained unchanged for a long time, so you can tell they are antiques at a glance.It is said that the pottery made by the potters was turned into jade in the kiln. The potters were afraid that the story would be reported to the emperor, so they sealed their caves and fled to Raozhou to make a living.Therefore, many of the potters in Jingdezhen today are from Yonghe.

"Wu Bing's Travel Notes"

Hundreds of rubbish pieces (celadon secret firing)

The celadon produced in Longquan Kiln in Longquan County is quite famous. The ones with even green color, faint cracks and cinnabar bottom are the best.Later, Longquan was brought into Qingyuan County, and the kiln land belonged to Qingyuan, which is [-] miles away from Longquan. Nowadays, whenever people encounter a new celadon kiln, they still call it Longquan Kiln.In fact, the site of the celadon kiln is in the Liutian area. According to the old records of Longquan, the owner of the Liutian kiln was named Zhang Shenger.All porcelain from the second kiln must be as green as jade, which is rare now, so it is expensive.A bottle and a plate cost tens of gold at every turn.The utensils produced by his brother Zhang Shengyi's kiln are light green with broken patterns, and are known as a hundred pieces of rubbish, which is especially rare.The world calls his brother's wares Ge Kiln, and his younger brother's wares Di Yao, or Zhang Sheng Er.

"Wandering Continuation"

Soul of Fire (Kiln Transformation)
Among porcelains, there is a strange thing that the same quality becomes different; the same color becomes different colors.This is all due to the combination of water and soil, and it is definitely not something that can be done by artificial coincidence. It is called kiln transformation.In dozens of kilns, there are as many as tens of millions of porcelain products, but the products of kiln transformation are really rare. It is written in "Museum Overview": Guange's second kiln changes from time to time, like butterflies, birds, leopards, and the outer glaze of the original color turns reddish purple.There is also a saying that this kind of strange change is caused by the soul of fire in the kiln.

"Compilation of barnyard history"

(End of this chapter)