Planting Tips

Chapter 30 What are the common grafting methods of flowers
There are many methods of grafting, which can be roughly divided into three types: branch grafting, bud grafting and root grafting.

(1) Branch grafting There are many types of branch grafting, including cut grafting, split grafting, abdominal grafting, leaning grafting, flat grafting, tongue grafting, etc.Now introduce several commonly used methods.

① Cutting method: It is mostly used for woody flowers in the open field.It is often carried out in spring when the buds are just about to germinate and the new shoots have not yet sprouted.Because the sap in the branches has begun to flow at this time, the interface is easy to heal, and the survival rate of grafting is high.When cutting, cut off the rootstock 5-10 centimeters from the ground, select the smoother side, and cut it longitudinally with a knife between the xylem and the phloem, about 3 centimeters in length.Then choose a full-year-old branch as a scion, and take the middle section with a length of 6-10 cm and 1-2 buds.One side of the lower end of the scion is cut into a bevel of about 3 cm, and the other side is also beveled at 0.5 to 1 cm at the lower end, and then the long beveled face is inserted into the interface facing the rootstock, and the cambium of the rootstock and the scion are aligned. Tighten with plastic strips.In order to prevent the scion from drying out, it is best to put the scion and the interface together with a plastic bag, and then remove it after the scion sprouts.

② Cleaving method: suitable for thicker rootstocks.When grafting, cut off the rootstock 10 centimeters from the ground, and then split it with a sharp knife. To prevent splitting, wrap it with a rope at a place 6 centimeters below the cut surface before splitting.The scion uses a strong branch with a length of 7 to 10 cm. The lower part is cut into a wedge shape, and the slope is about 3 cm long. Align with each other (only on one side), or insert a scion on both sides of the incision, tie up the plastic strips, cover with plastic bags or seal with soil to keep moisture.

③Joining method: When it is difficult to survive by cutting and splitting, seedlings are often raised by the grafting method, such as white orchid, sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, five-needle pine, etc.Docking should be carried out during the peak growth season, but it is not suitable for docking in rainy and dog days.When grafting, neither the scion nor the rootstock should be cut. Bring the rootstock and the scion close together, then select two branches with similar thickness and thickness, and cut the appropriate parts of the rootstock and the scion into incisions of the same shape and size to expose the cambium and xylem, and then align the two cambiums to make them closely bonded, and tie them tightly with plastic strips.After docking, it can heal after about 3 to 4 months. At this time, the scion below the joint and the rootstock above the joint are cut off.

④ Flat connection method: This method is mostly used for columnar or spherical types of cacti.When grafting, the top of the rootstock is flattened with a sharp knife, and the diameter of the cut surface is generally larger than that of the scion.Then cut the base of the scion crosswise and place it on the rootstock immediately, align the pith, make the flesh close, tie it with thread or plastic tape, and it will become one after healing.Butt joint operation method.

(2) Bud grafting Bud grafting is to cut an ungerminated bud from the scion branch and graft it on the rootstock.Budding saves the scion, has a higher survival rate, and is suitable for use when both the rootstock and the scion are relatively small.However, the flowers and trees used for budding must be easy to peel and get buds. Most of the Rosaceae flowers can be propagated by budding.Such as rose, plum blossom, crabapple, apple, cherry blossom, peach and so on.The budding time varies with different regions and flower types, and it is generally carried out from mid-August to early and mid-September.There are two main methods of budding: for thicker branches, T-shaped budding is often used; for thinner branches, chip budding is mostly used.When T-shaped budding, the rootstock seedlings are 8 to 9 cm away from the ground, choose a relatively smooth leather surface, and cut a T-shaped incision in the phloem; cut off the full axillary buds in the middle of the annual robust branches as scions, so that the grafting The buds become shield-shaped with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The beveled surface should be smooth, and the length and size should be equal to the T-shaped incision. Then insert the bud piece into the T-shaped incision so that the upper incision of the shield-shaped bud piece closely matches the T-shaped upper incision on the rootstock. Finally, tie and fix with plastic strips. When tying, care should be taken to expose the petioles and buds to the outside.After about 10 days, lightly touch the petiole with your hands. If it falls off immediately, it proves that the grafted buds have survived;

(3) When peonies are grafted with peony roots as rootstocks, split grafting is often used.

(End of this chapter)