warring states careerist

Chapter 799
Having said that, I have already said it wrongly, and I am about to quarrel again.

On the issue of who should own the land, the attitudes of the Mohists and the peasants are basically the same. From the deduction of Tianzhi and Fanatural, it can be concluded that there was no emperor in ancient times, and there was no cultivation before Shennong was born. At that time, the land did not belong to anyone. People, from this, continue to draw the conclusion that it is pure nonsense that the world is not the king.

The difference between the Mohist family and the peasant family lies in what to do after the land is taken back from the nobles?
Is it an equal share of small farmers?Or do you want to find a way to let the land be merged and operated?Is it annexation?Still not suppressing mergers?Or is it possible for the world to directly learn from Sishang's model, from the aristocratic land closure and the village communal public land system, skip the merger stage, and directly enter the cooperative village system?
What lies in front of the farm family and the Mo family now is a deep pit.The Mohists believed that although this deep pit was dark, it was still better than the old system of princes and nobles. To go to the other side, one had to walk into this deep pit and climb out again.

Farmers believe that there is a rainbow in the sky, which is the remnant image of the spring and autumn village communes and public fields. Although this rainbow is virtual, we can build a bridge directly along the rainbow to cross it. , Divide the world into small farmers on this side of the pit to live a happy life, don't want to go to the other side, can't you?
The Mohists think that it is impossible not to go to the other side, and the other side is the real paradise, so in order to go to the other side, one has to jump off the deep pit in front of one's eyes, not only to jump, but also to pull and push the people in the world to jump together.

The land system of the Song Dynasty must be changed, but what kind of moral basis should be changed is a big problem.

The land grant system of the Qin State is a system of farming and warfare. Land cannot be bought or sold but can only be granted. Without a strong ruling group and the ability to fully develop industry and commerce and recruit people to enter industry and commerce without a strong ruling group and material and technological foundation, it will hinder the future. developed.

What the farmers want to do is also the utopia of small farmers who are not allowed to buy and sell land, everyone is a small farmer, emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business, and utopian equal labor exchange. This is absolutely unacceptable to the Mohists.

However, the land system of the Song Dynasty must be changed, and the nobles' fields must be divided up. This is inevitable, because the nobles' enfeoffment system has seriously affected the development of productivity.

At least in terms of Sishang's interests, the Song Kingdom does not divide land, and only one-tenth of the people can be regarded as human beings. How can one-tenth of the people compare to the cloth and ironware bought by all the people? Industrial and commercial products?
But at the same time, if everyone is a small farmer, where can the industrial and commercial development of Sishang get enough cheap people?Where can I get enough raw materials and food supplies?Sishang's population is already stretched, and it is doomed that Sishang cannot allow land mergers to cause turmoil and lose the support of farmers, the largest soldier, if it is necessary to ensure the number of soldiers and at the same time develop industry and commerce.

Then we can only find a way to get people from other places. The more people the better, relying on survival is too slow.

If this balance is not properly grasped, it will affect future development.

The result of the unbalanced development between the east and the west of the Song Dynasty and the different development levels of the budding commodity economy made the Mohists very much hope that the peasants would go to the west to clean up the remnants of the old era, but the east must ensure the budding development, which is destined to make the situation of the Song Dynasty appear. A scene of "connected cities with autonomy and each county with its own legal system".

It is appropriate to hope that Taoists, especially the variants of Taoism such as Yang Zhu Guanzi and other schools, will take charge of the situation in the eastern part of the Song Dynasty.

Governing by doing nothing in itself is a very profound knowledge. If industry and commerce are developed, governance by doing nothing is spontaneous expansion; but conversely, if industry and commerce are extremely poor in the status of a semi-colonial raw material provider, then governance by doing nothing In itself, it is a policy that pushes the country into a pit of fire.

In the original history, one of the Huang-Lao Schools had been reconciling the conflict between Confucianism and Mohism. This time, it was inconvenient for the Mohist School to come forward to sing an opposite show with the farmers, so they hoped that people from other families would come forward and talk about this matter.

Shi was silent, and the rest of the Mo family didn't speak. Xu Xi's words made sense, which made the scene a little awkward.

At the moment when he was embarrassed, Tian Wushang from the Guanzi School stood up and said, "Xu Zi, don't worry."

"Don't you hear that the sky doesn't fall, the earth doesn't sink, and if it's upright, it's still there! What's more about people? Humans have it, and it's like thunder and drums. If you can't shake yourself, you can shake it." What. Husband or what? If so, you don’t see it when you see it, and you don’t hear it when you hear it. It sprinkles all over the world, and you don’t see its obstruction. This position is the Tao.”

"The Daoists, see but don't see, hear but don't hear, like air, sprinkled in the world. Everything has a way, even the world's economy has its own way."

"This way is like a hand, controlling Shijia, but you can't see it."

"If cotton is expensive, there will be more cotton growers next year; if grain is expensive, there will be more grain growers next year. If your farmer wants the price to be the same, it is against the law and will not last long."

"That's why Zhongni said: Those who govern by doing nothing will be like Shun? What is the purpose of the husband? Just respect yourself because you are facing the south."

"Shun's government was achieved by doing nothing."

Xu Xi glanced at Shi, and said in a deep voice: "Zhongni said that Shun was the one who governed by doing nothing, but the Mohists said that Shun's government can be called good from the present and the past. If Shun governs the world today, it cannot be called it. For goodness."

Shi originally didn't want to come forward, but hoped that people from the Taoist school would explain this issue. Now that Xu Xi touched on what Mozi talked about back then, Shi also had to say it.

From this he smiled and said, "I got it. Zimozi's words, Zhongni's words, there may also be those who call them good."

"Like Surabaya, if viewed from Huling, it faces south; when viewed from Pengcheng, it faces east. Shun's government was like a boat without sails, which flowed along the water. In the time of Shun, if the boat was in Huling, it flowed toward the east. South; at this time, if the boat is in Pengcheng, head east."

"Zimozi's talk about Shun's government does not mean inaction, but the specificity of following the way of heaven. It is all about letting the water flow on its own, in the south of Huling, and in the east of Pengcheng. If it is in Pengcheng, it must be If you follow Emperor Shun's example and steer the boat south, you will hit the shore and be unable to move forward."

This is equivalent to not saying anything, just making peace, Xu Xi asked back: "As you said, now the princes and nobles in the world have fiefdoms, and the common people are poor and have no shelter. Is this considered to be governing by doing nothing?"

Shi shook his head and said: "Is it wrong for the king to be in the world? Just like a boat sailing in the water, it must go against the current. Now that the boatman and the sail are gone, you still think that the boat should continue to sail against the current." , isn't this ridiculous?"

Xu Xi said: "Then what else can I say? I just want to ask, does the Mo family support the common people of the Song Dynasty to distribute the land, break the wells and open the fields?"

When Shizheng was about to answer, Shi Jiao said: "I have a disciple who has a lot of ideas about it. Let him talk about it. Since it is a big matter to discuss together, anyone who can be called a sage can talk about it. Although my disciple is not yet crown, but it can also be called a sage.”

Everyone understood that Shi Jiao was taking this opportunity to praise his disciple, and many people thought, even if this young man is talented, he is only fifteen or sixteen years old, so what insight can he have?

But then I thought about it again, when I became famous in Shangqiu, I was only fifteen or sixteen years old, which is hard to say.

Everyone didn't say much, behind Shi Jiao stood a disciple who was not as strong as the weak crown, he looked about fifteen or sixteen years old, tall, but his shoulders were probably a little slender because he was still underage, and he had a sense of aristocratic children. After bowing to the crowd, he said, "Martingale has a word."

"In the past, when Ximen Bao ruled Ye and dug water canals, the people complained a lot. Ximen Bao said that the people can succeed without worrying about the beginning. After a hundred years, the villagers and elders will think about my words."

"Now it's less than a hundred years old. In just twenty years, the Zhangshui River has been regulated, the people can be irrigated, and the wealth of Ye is the first in Wei."

"Those who complained about Ximen Leopard digging canals in the past are now ashamed of their original remarks."

The young man glanced at Xu Xi generously, and said again: "Xu Zi just said that the Song Dynasty should truly be governed by all people. The Advisory Council is elected by all people, and all government orders are based on public opinion. I just ask, If Ximen Bao ruled Ye, would the people agree to dig a canal? Is digging a canal beneficial or detrimental to the people?"

I didn't read the list this time. I only knew that the leaders of various schools brought their favorite disciples. I didn't know that the person who spoke at this time was the famous martingale of the Duke of Wei, let alone the articulate man in front of him. The young man who was originally famous in history had influenced Zhu Xia for more than a thousand years.

In Shi's opinion, this young man's remarks are interesting. He avoided the "righteousness" that he had been talking about just now, but talked about the most basic interests, and brought the question back to democracy, populism, or the Mohist form of democracy. centralized political system.

Xu Xi’s previous idea of ​​the people’s direct participation in politics and the formulation of national policies, no matter how fancy it is, is still a fantasy at this time, a complete fantasy, a fantasy without material foundation and material conditions.

Just one sentence, Xu Xi who asked the question was speechless for a long time.

The story about Ximen Bao’s rule of Ye is widely spread in the world. The Mohist’s theory is that Ximen Bao read two lines of poems and felt that he would do things for the interests of the people even if they were not understood by the people; and the real version circulated in the state of Wei is Ximen Leopard said that the ignorant people can only enjoy the results and don't think too far.

At this time, Shi Jiao's young disciple was using the version circulated by Wei Guo, and Xu Xi was unable to answer this question.

The young man took advantage of the moment when Xu Xi was in a daze, and immediately took advantage of the victory to pursue him: "Xu Zi thinks again: If the Song Dynasty is governed, the east of the Song Dynasty suffers from famine, and the west of the Song Dynasty has a good harvest, if you ask the people in the west of the Song Dynasty, would they be willing to collect grain and send it to the east of the Song Dynasty? Would you like to?"

"Xu Zi thought again: If the people in the east of the Song Dynasty are unwilling and the people in the east of the Song Dynasty are willing, half of them each. If the grain is requisitioned and adjusted, it will obey the people's opinion in the east of the Song Dynasty and go against the people's opinion in the west of the Song Dynasty. So is this in line with the people's will or against the people's will?"

"Third again, if the Mengzhu Lake of Danshui is reclaimed, hundreds of thousands of acres of land can be obtained, and there will be no floods and droughts in the downstream. The people in the Danshui River Basin must be willing to manage Mengzhu Lake. However, Suishui, People in Sishui, Shashui and other places may not be willing. In terms of public opinion, there are many people in Suishui, Surabaya, Shashui and Danshui, and they will not agree to govern Mengzhuze, so is this matter to be obeyed by public opinion?"

"If these four things cannot be resolved, then what Xu Zi said is not just fantasy? Let's not mention the matter of opening rice fields and destroying well fields, but only talking about state affairs. Xu Zi's government is suitable for small countries with few people, but not for thousands of people. Besides, even if the country is small and the people are few...the concubines of Jianghan are innocent and Chu perish, how can there be any real people in the world with few people and small countries who don't know each other?"

(End of this chapter)