TCM Acupuncture and Massage

Chapter 7 Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (6)
([-]) Official orifices

Organs refer to organs with specific functions in the body, such as ears, nose, eyes, mouth, throat, etc.; orifices, which mean hole orifices, are the windows through which internal organs communicate with the outside world. "Lingshu Pulse Degree" said: "The five internal organs are often read in the upper seven orifices, so the lung qi flows through the nose. If the lungs are in harmony, the nose can know the smell and smell; the heart qi flows through the tongue. If the heart is in harmony, the tongue can know the five flavors; When the liver is in harmony, the eyes can distinguish the five colors; the spleen is in harmony with the mouth, the spleen is in harmony, the mouth can know the five grains; the kidney qi is in the ears, and the kidneys are in harmony, the ears can hear the five tones. If the five internal organs are not in harmony, the seven orifices are blocked." The organ orifices are also the portals for material exchange between the body and nature. For example, the air, water, and food needed by the body are taken into the body through the mouth and nose; It is excreted from the body through the front and rear two yin.

Cause
Etiology, the cause of a disease.There are two aspects of exogenous etiology and internal injury etiology.

One, six evils

The six evils refer to the six exogenous diseases of wind, cold, heat, dampness, dryness, and fire.There are the above-mentioned six qi in nature, and only when the six qi are too much, or when there are other qi at the wrong time, the body cannot adapt to it will lead to disease.The six evils cause diseases, which are exogenous, seasonal, regional, and invading the human body are compatible and transformative.

([-]) wind evil

Wind is the main Qi in spring, but it occurs in all four seasons. Therefore, although spring is the most common disease caused by wind evil, it is not limited to spring, and it can also occur in other seasons.The nature and pathogenic characteristics of wind evil:
1. The wind is light and open.Fengxie, which is prone to attack the yang position, has the characteristics of lightly rising, rising and dispersing, upward and outward, so wind evil often invades the upper part of the human body, muscle surface, waist and back and other yang positions.Such as exogenous nasal congestion, itchy throat, cough, head and neck pain, etc. 2. The nature of wind is good and the number of good deeds refers to the characteristics of wind evil that is good at moving but not dwelling, easy to do but has no fixed place.Wind evil causes disease, the position of the disease wanders, and there is no fixed place for action.

For example, "Xingbi" in Arthralgia Syndrome is migratory pain in the joints; number change refers to the characteristics of acute onset and rapid transmission of pathogenic wind pathogens.Rash such as urticaria, itching of the skin without a fixed place, one after another.

3. Wind-type active wind evil has the characteristic of shaking objects, so its pathogenicity has symptoms similar to shaking.Generally, the dizziness and convulsions seen clinically can be attributed to the wind-induced active category.

4. Wind is the root of all diseases. Wind evil is extremely common and is the main pathogenic factor.Common clinical diseases dependent on wind include exogenous wind-cold, wind-heat, rheumatism, etc. Therefore, wind evil is often the precursor of exogenous pathogenic factors.

([-]) cold evil

cold, cold also.Cold is the main Qi in winter, so in winter when the temperature is low, the human body is prone to cold evil if it does not pay attention to keeping warm.In addition, wading in the rain, sweating against the wind, sleeping in the open in the cold, or eating cold things are all ways to feel the cold evil.The nature and pathogenic characteristics of cold evil are:

1. Cold is a yin evil, and it is easy to injure yang. If the yin and cold qi are too strong, the yang qi of the human body will not only be unable to dispel the cold evil, but will be injured by the yin and cold evil. Qinggu, listlessness, thready pulse, etc.

2. The cold stagnation stagnation, coagulation, stagnation impediment meaning.The movement of qi and blood depends on the warmth and promotion of yang qi.Therefore, when cold evil invades the human body, it will often cause the qi and blood in the meridians to coagulate and block, resulting in various pain symptoms.Such as "pain numbness" in arthralgia syndrome, also known as cold numbness.

3. The meaning of contraction and traction is coldness.The cold nature has the characteristics of contraction and traction, so when cold evil invades the human body, it can manifest as the pathogenic characteristics of astringent qi, occlusion of interstitial tissues, contraction of meridians and tendons and acute contracture.

Cold evil injures yang, stagnates, and retracts are interrelated and affect each other in the pathogenesis process.

([-]) damp evil

In nature, the exogenous evils with the characteristics of heavy turbidity, stickiness, and downward tendency are called dampness evils.Humidity is the main Qi of Changxia, which is the turn of summer and autumn. At this time, the heat of the sun drops, the water vapor rises, and the air is fumigated and filled with moisture. It is the most humid season of the year, so there are many damp diseases in Changxia.In addition, living in a humid place, taking water as a matter of fact, and wading in the rain can all become the way of dampness pathogenicity.The nature and pathogenic characteristics of damp evil are:

1. Dampness is Yin evil.It is easy to block the movement of qi, damage the yang qi and dampness is the offender, and stay in the viscera and meridians. Dampness is a tangible evil, and it is the easiest to block the movement of qi.For example, dampness obstructs the chest and diaphragm, and poor qi movement leads to chest tightness; dampness traps the spleen and stomach, unfavorable ascending and descending, and qi stagnation leads to distension and distension of the abdomen and abdominal pain, and poor stool;Dampness often traps the spleen, causing the spleen yang to be weak, the movement and transformation are ineffective, water and dampness stop gathering, and diarrhea occurs, short urine, edema, etc.

2. The clinical manifestations of heavy turbidity caused by dampness are heavy and serious.For example, in the "big numbness" where dampness is prevalent, severe joint pain can be seen.Turbidity has the meaning of turbidity and filth.Refers to the evil of dampness, the feces and secretions have the characteristics of filth and turbidity, such as excessive eye glands, cloudy urine, loose stools, and diarrhea with pus and blood.

3. Damp evil is viscous and sticky, that is, sticky; stagnant, that is, stagnant.Dampness pathogenicity has the characteristics of stickiness and stagnation: one refers to the stickiness of symptoms, which are mostly sticky and uncomfortable symptoms; the other refers to the lingering nature of the course of the disease.

4. Dampness tends to descend, and it is easy to attack the yin position. Dampness causes diseases and easily injures the lower part of the human body, such as lower limb edema, stranguria, leukorrhea and lower limb ulcers in women.

([-]) Dryness evil

Dryness is the main air in autumn. The climate in autumn is dry and there is a lack of moisture in the air. The natural world presents a chilling scene.In general, exogenous evils with the characteristics of dryness, astringency and purging in nature are called dryness evils.In early autumn, there is residual qi of summer heat, and the disease is mostly warm and dry; in late autumn, when winter is approaching, the disease is mostly cool and dry.Dryness can be divided into external dryness and internal dryness.External dryness can be divided into warm dryness and cool dryness; internal dryness is mostly caused by excessive heat that injures body fluid or overuse of warm dryness, excessive blood loss, chronic illness, serious illness, and internal seizure of essence and blood.The nature and pathogenic characteristics of dryness evil are:

1. Dry nature is dry and astringent, easy to damage body fluid. Dryness evil is transformed by the qi of the autumn order, so its dryness and dryness are the offenders. It is the most likely to hurt human body fluid, and various dry and astringent stagnant symptoms appear, such as Dry mouth and lips, dry nasopharynx, dry skin, dry hair, short urination, dry stool, etc.Dryness can damage body fluid and damage Yin fluid.

2. Dryness can easily hurt the lungs. The lungs are delicate organs. They like moistening and hate dryness. They are intolerant to both dampness and dryness.When dryness invades the human body, it is most likely to enter through the mouth and nose and damage the lungs, resulting in dry cough with little phlegm, sticky phlegm that is hard to cough, or bloody phlegm.It can also affect the large intestine from the lungs due to the relationship between the outside and the inside, resulting in symptoms such as dry stools.

([-]) heat (fire) evil
Warmth, heat, and fire are all produced by the excess of yang, but the degree is different. If the temperature is too high, it is heat, and if it is too hot, it is fire.

Heat (fire) evils flourish in summer, and heat evils are mostly caused by exogenous factors, such as wind heat, summer heat, damp heat, etc., or they can be endogenous, such as inflammation of the heart fire, excessive liver fire and other symptoms.Although the original meanings of external heat disease caused by heat evil and internal heat deficiency caused by yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity are different, they influence each other.The nature and pathogenic characteristics of heat (fire) evil:
1. Heat (fire) is a yang evil, and its sexual inflammatory heat evil invades the human body, and its symptoms are mainly headache, tinnitus, sore throat, etc.; when Yangming heat is strong, teeth bleeding, lip erosion, etc. can be seen.

2. Heat is a yang evil, and it is easy to injure body fluid and consume qi. Heat evil hurts people. The clinical manifestations are high fever, aversion to heat, flushed face, and rapid pulse.The heat evil is inside, one forces the body fluid to leak out, and the other one burns and burns the yin fluid, causing the body's yin fluid to be consumed and injured.Therefore, in addition to the heat phenomenon in the clinical syndrome, it is often accompanied by symptoms of thirst, dry throat, short urination, constipation and other symptoms of body fluid loss.At the same time as the body fluid leaks out, the qi often leaks out with the body fluid, and symptoms of qi deficiency such as fatigue and lack of energy are seen.

3. Heat evil is easy to generate wind and blood. Fire and heat evil can easily cause internal liver wind and blood disorder.Also known as "hot extreme wind".The clinical manifestations are high fever, coma and delirium, convulsions of limbs, binocular upward vision, stiff neck, opisthotonus, etc.The evil of fire can also expand the blood vessels, speed up the blood flow, or even burn the veins, forcing the blood to flow indiscriminately, causing various bleeding symptoms, such as vomiting blood, epistaxis, blood in the stool, hematuria, skin spots, women's menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, etc. .

4. Heat evil is easy to disturb the mind and heart. The five elements belong to fire, and fire corresponds to the heart. Therefore, the evil of fire and heat can easily affect the mind. In mild cases, the mind is restless. See upset and insomnia; embolism.

5. Heat evil can easily cause swollen sores. The hot evil invades the blood of the human body, can gather in the local area, corrode the flesh and cause sores and carbuncles.Therefore, "Lingshu · Carbuncle" says, "The heat will not stop, and the meat will rot if the heat is excessive. The meat will turn into pus...so it will be a carbuncle." "All pain, itching and sores belong to the heart."

([-]) Heat evil

Summer is the fiery evil of summer.Generally, after the summer solstice and before the beginning of autumn, the fiery external evils in nature are called summer heat evils.There is an obvious seasonality in the pathogenicity caused by summer heat. "Su Wen · Heat Theory" says: "The ones that come before the summer solstice are the ones with febrile disease, and the ones that come after the summer solstice are the ones with summer heat."Summer sickness is only caused by exogenous pathogenesis, not endogenous.The nature and pathogenic characteristics of heat evil are as follows:

1. Heat is yang evil.Its nature is hot and hot, and the heat evil occurs in summer, so the hot fire evil is more prevalent than other seasons, so its symptoms often manifest as high fever, flushed face, sweating, upset, and a loud pulse.

2. The nature of summer heat rises and dissipates, which injures body fluid and consumes qi. Heat is yang evil, which is the main cause of ascending and dissipating. Invasion can cause interstitial striae to vent and sweat profusely. Excessive sweating will consume qi and impair body fluid. In addition to thirst, people like to drink and have red urine. In addition to shortness of breath, shortness of breath and fatigue can also be seen, and even sudden fainting and unconsciousness.

3. Too much heat and dampness The summer season is not only hot, but also rainy and humid. The heat is steaming and humid, and the heat and humidity permeate the space. Therefore, summer evil often invades the human body with dampness. Therefore, in addition to heat symptoms such as fever and polydipsia, it also occurs Drowsiness in limbs, chest tightness and vomiting, loose stools and discomfort embolism.

(End of this chapter)