Poetry is innocent

Chapter 12 The Age of Poetry

To study the era of "Three Hundred Poems", it seems that we should follow the following paths.

[-]. First examine those who can determine the era, and take it as the standard.

[-]. For those whose age cannot be determined, a compromise should be made with those whose age can be determined. The similarities and differences in names, the evolution of grammar, and the differences in composition should be used to determine their relationship to the era of several chapters whose age can be determined.

[-]. All the texts generally related to rites and music can go through a very long period of time in the initial creation and successive changes, so we can only determine the generality, not the exact time.

[-]. In all folk songs, there are entangled relationships.Song B is produced from Song A, and Song B can be transformed into C; a song can go through many changes from the beginning of its lyrics, to its composition in music and writing in bamboo chapters.That is to say, the "Xixi Gufeng" in "Xiaoya" and the "Xixi Gufeng" in "Yufeng" have the same origin, the same things described, and the same meaning, which is obviously a change of the same tune.Awakening can help us seek the source of one tune.In this case, a ballad can have a history of hundreds of years, and it is never appropriate to specify its dynasty.

Therefore, from this point of view, not only are we no longer able to identify the times for each of the "Three Hundred Psalms", but we also cannot do so, because doing so will inevitably lead to scrutiny.Kang Cheng's "Book of Songs" has found an era for each article, which is false and stupid.

Zhou poetry system
"Zhou Song" Dabie in "Zhou Song" can be divided into two categories: first, those without rhyme;Those ages without rhyme are in front, those with rhyme and richness are behind, and those with rhyme and irregular richness are in the middle. This is the natural evolution of the style.Compared with those in the big and small "Ya" that can be designated as Li Xuanshi's poems today, it is difficult to find the last one in "Zhou Song", which is still very different from Li Xuanshi's poems, so "Zhou Song" When it comes to poems from Chengkang to Yixiaojian, those without rhyme come first, and those with rhyme come last.The four chapters of Xia Wu's chapters are obviously about restraining business, and China has already stabilized. The poems of rest, the poems of the three families belong to the time when they became kings, or they are close friends.

The big and small "Ya" The big and small "Ya" have no early years of the Zhou Dynasty, and the chapters on the Southern Expedition and the Northern Expedition should be vigorously announced.It has been said before.If the ancestral virtues in "Daya" are all posthumous memoirs, and the chapters "Yin's teacher has not lost his teacher, he can match the gods" have experienced the death of Yin as a warning, not the words of the early years of Xingguo, and they are all in line with "Yin" "Zhou Song" has a different tone.We can hardly say that the ages of "Song" and "Ya" have changed successively. However, the end of "Song" can be regarded as the early stage of "Ya".

There are quite a lot of poems after the eastward migration in the big and small "Ya", but all of them were at the time of the first migration, and there is no descendant Yu Pingwang.Therefore, just as Mencius said in terms of "Ya", "The King's narration ceased and the "Poetry" died, and the "Poetry" died and then the "Spring and Autumn" was written."

"Zhou Nan", "Zhao Nan" and "Zhao Nan" two "South" can determine the age, "Rufen", "Gan Tang" and "He Biyongyi", which are obviously poems from the time when Zhou Dongqian moved."Jiang Yousi" and "Han Guang" and other chapters are obviously poems during the weekend mourning in the Southern Kingdom.The Southern Kingdom flourished at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, about two "South" is a poem in the second half of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty.You can't go above Gongyi, and you can't go below Pinghuan.

"Bin" The land of Bin is very west, still in the west of Zhou Dynasty, but it is called "Jiedong". It is probably the old music brought by Zhou Xiangdong. . The origins of "July", "Dongshan" and "Broken Axe" must be very ancient, but the later appearance does not have to be very early. However, there are no Eastern Zhou poems in "Bin Feng".

"Wang" and "Wang Feng" are all poems after the eastward migration. The chapter of "Yangzhishui" talks about Shushen, Shufu, and Shuxu. It was also in Chu County.

non-zhou poetry

There are only two poems in "Bei", "Yu" and "Wei" that can determine the age, namely "Zai Chi" and "Ding Zhi Fang Zhong". Big difference, the times are probably not far from each other.

"Zheng", "Qi", "Wei", "Tang", "Qin", "Chen", "Hui", "Cao" In these countries, all the times that can be pointed out are in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and only in "Chen Feng" The next one is Chen Lingzhi (King Zhou Ding, Duke Xuan of Lu).Probably among them, the earliest poems were in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, while those in the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty were the most.

The era of "Lu Song" and "Zhou Song" has come to an end.

Try to make the following table now, it may not be correct, and it will be tested later.

[Note] Folk lyrics, after the writing is completed, come from far away, so they are represented by dotted lines.

(End of this chapter)