How does the Chinese Communist Party govern the country?

Chapter 41

China has always been known as a country of etiquette and continuous culture.Since modern times, Western powers have continuously invaded China with the help of the achievements of industrial civilization, and China, which has inherited agricultural civilization, has retreated steadily and continued to sink. At the beginning of the 20th century, the collective reflection of advanced Chinese intellectuals set off a climax of seeing the world with their eyes open and learning Western culture.The Chinese Communists have combined Marxism originated in Europe with China's realities, and built a national, scientific, and popular culture, which has greatly transformed and enhanced Chinese culture.Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the Communist Party of China has worked hard to build and develop advanced culture with a high degree of cultural awareness and self-confidence, and has made remarkable progress in many aspects, blazing a path of cultural development with Chinese characteristics.

In 1921, the Communist Party of China was established in a small room on Xingye Road in Shanghai. At that time, compared with the various political forces on the Chinese political stage, it looked so thin and lonely. There are only more than 50 members, but in its hands, it holds the most powerful spiritual weapon; in its heart, there is a firm belief in Marxism.Some Communists faced the enemy's butcher's knife calmly, and wrote a heroic poem "It doesn't matter if the head is beheaded, as long as the doctrine is true"; .The reason why the Chinese Communist Party has been able to grow from small to large, from weak to strong, from partial to national governance, is inseparable from its fearless revolutionary spirit and lofty beliefs.

After the founding of New China, the Communist Party of China continued the revolutionary tradition and attached great importance to ideological and moral construction.The corrupt elements in the cadres were punished through the "three evils", the industrialists and businessmen were educated through the "five evils", and the social atmosphere was purified by cleaning up "pornography, gambling, and drugs". In 1956, Mao Zedong proposed that "people should have a little spirit" and intensified efforts in ideological and moral construction.Moreover, “after 1949, the common belief in Marxism in ideology, the broad and unanimous ambition to realize industrialization, and the ambition to complete socialist transformation are also conducive to the further strengthening of the unity of the central government.”

In that era of passion, the Chinese people were self-reliant and worked hard. Wang Jinxi, the "iron man", Jiao Yulu, a good cadre of the party, and Lei Feng, a good soldier of the People's Liberation Army, emerged as role models for people to learn from.Lei Feng is one of the outstanding representatives.He was born in a poor peasant family in Wangcheng County, Hunan Province in 1940, and became an orphan when he was less than 7 years old.With the help of the government, Lei Feng went to school and worked as a worker in Anshan Iron and Steel Chemical Plant after graduation. Joined the army in 1960 and became a soldier of a transport company. On August 1962, 8, he unfortunately died while performing a mission in Fushun, Liaoning, at the age of 15.Lei Feng did a good job in every job in his ordinary job. In less than three years after joining the army, he made many meritorious deeds and was rated as an advanced worker and a model Communist Party member. In March 22, "People's Daily" and "Liberation Army Daily" published an inscription calling for learning from Lei Feng by Mao Zedong and other leaders. Afterwards, extensive activities to learn from Lei Feng were carried out across the country, which strongly promoted the formation of a healthy and progressive society.

In the 21st century, Lei Feng is still a role model and a spiritual benchmark for people to learn from.According to incomplete statistics from the Volunteer Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League in 2005, there are 260 million Lei Feng learning groups in China, and more than 3000 million Lei Feng volunteers.In 2012, the fiftieth anniversary of Lei Feng's death, there was another upsurge of learning Lei Feng's spirit.

In 1978, China implemented reform and opening up, opening its doors to the world.With the influx of various trends of thought from abroad, coupled with the fact that the negative influence of the "Cultural Revolution" is still in effect, moral decline and ideals and beliefs have been shaken in society, the task of doing a good job in ideological and moral construction is very urgent.Deng Xiaoping emphasized on improving the social atmosphere.He pointed out at the theoretical work retreat held in March 1979: "Some young men and women blindly envy capitalist countries, and some people even disregard their own national dignity and personality when interacting with foreigners.

This situation must be brought to our serious attention.We must educate our next generation well, and we must take effective measures from all aspects to improve our social atmosphere and crack down on those bad behaviors that seriously corrupt the social atmosphere. "Subsequently, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to build a socialist spiritual civilization. Deng Xiaoping believed that the so-called spiritual civilization not only refers to education, science, and culture, but also refers to communist ideology, ideals, beliefs, morality, discipline, revolutionary positions and principles, and human Comrade relationship with people, etc. In February 1981, the relevant departments jointly issued an initiative to carry out the promotion of civilized, polite, hygienic, orderly, moral and spiritual beauty, language beauty, behavior beauty, The "Five Stresses and Four Beauties" civilized and polite activities with environmental beauty as the main content. In 2, it was proposed that the "Five Stresses and Four Beauties"

During the activity, the educational activities of "love the motherland, love socialism, and love the people" were carried out, so this activity was collectively referred to as the "five stresses, four beauties and three loves" activities.Thousands of young people and army soldiers took to the streets and entered households to carry out activities of learning from Lei Feng, doing good deeds, and sending warmth.The habit of helping others regardless of remuneration advocated by these activities has impacted the bad habit of "all looking at money".At the same time, the evaluation activities of five good families and civilized villages and towns were also carried out, and the activities of learning from advanced models were also established. Youth service teams, Lei Feng learning groups, and farming assistance groups were established.Universities, middle schools and primary schools have formulated codes of conduct for students, industrial and mining enterprises have formulated codes of conduct for employees, and rural areas have also formulated township rules and regulations.

Zhang Haidi, the current chairman of the China Disabled Persons' Federation, is a role model for Chinese people to learn from.She was born in September 1955 in an intellectual family in Wendeng County, Shandong Province. Lingling was her nickname.

Before the age of 5, Zhang Haidi was happy and lively, jumping around all day long. On a bright morning in 1960, just after a "class" in the toy room, she and her friends ran out the door laughing and laughing. She suddenly fell down and lost feeling in her legs.She suffered from spinal cord hemangioma, which recurred and was very difficult to treat. In 5 years, she underwent 3 major surgeries, and 6 pieces of her spinal lamina were removed, resulting in high paraplegia.It turned out that the innocent and lively Zhang Haidi could only lie on the bed all day, and never went to school again.She began to learn knowledge by herself with tenacious perseverance, and successively taught herself professional courses in elementary school, middle school and university, and became an excellent writer.She loves life, advocates the spirit and pursuit of progress, and has a positive character and realm, providing everyone with the nutrition to pursue a better life. On March 1983, 3, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League held a naming and commendation meeting, awarded Zhang Haidi the honorary title of "Excellent Communist Youth League Member", and made a decision to learn from her.Zhang Haidi's spiritual character has become a banner to inspire Chinese young people to forge ahead actively.

In September 1986, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China passed the "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Guidelines for the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization", emphasizing that the fundamental task of socialist spiritual civilization is to cultivate students with ideals, morality, culture and discipline. Socialist newcomers, improve the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the entire Chinese nation.Deng Xiaoping also emphasized the need to grasp with both hands, the construction of material civilization with one hand, and the construction of spiritual civilization with the other. Both hands must be strong.He said that if the construction of spiritual civilization is not strengthened, the construction of material civilization will also be damaged and take a detour.It is impossible for our revolution and construction to be successful relying on material conditions alone. After the political turmoil in 9, Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "The biggest mistake of the decade is education. Here I mainly talk about ideological and political education, not just for schools and young students, but for the people in general. For hard work, for China What kind of country it is, and what kind of country it will become, this kind of education is rare, which is our big mistake.” “In the future, we must pay close attention to hard and simple education, and we must continue to pay attention to it for 1989 to 70 years.

In June 1989, the Communist Party of China held the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee and elected Jiang Zemin as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.This meeting regards earnestly strengthening ideological and political work, striving to carry out education in patriotism, socialism, independence, and hard work, and earnestly opposing bourgeois liberalization as one of the four major issues that must be paid special attention to. In December 6, when the CCP proposed to formulate a ten-year plan for national economic and social development, it proposed that spiritual civilization should be included in the plan and gradually increase investment.At the 1990th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Jiang Zemin reaffirmed the idea that both material civilization and spiritual civilization should be pursued together, and he proposed that the construction of spiritual civilization should be the most important thing. In January 12, Jiang Zemin pointed out in his speech at the National Propaganda and Ideological Work Conference: "Arm people with scientific theories, guide people with correct public opinion, shape people with noble spirits, inspire people with excellent works, and constantly cultivate and cultivate people. Create generation after generation of socialist newcomers with ideals, morality, culture, and discipline, and play a strong ideological guarantee and public opinion support role in the great cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.” This actually points out the spiritual civilization construction pursuit of value. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Fourteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in October 1994 made the "Resolution on Several Important Issues Concerning Strengthening the Construction of Socialist Spiritual Civilization."At the same time, the central government decided to set up a central spiritual civilization construction steering committee, and each province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the central government also established corresponding institutions to strengthen the leadership of spiritual civilization construction.The "Outline for the Implementation of Patriotism Education" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in August 1 and the "Outline for the Implementation of Citizen Moral Construction" issued in September 1996 provide guidance for the construction of socialist morality.In China, a mass spiritual civilization creation activity was carried out with the main content of "emphasizing civilization and establishing a new style" and focusing on creating civilized cities, civilized villages and towns, and civilized industries. "Patriotism and law-abiding, honesty and integrity, solidarity and friendship, diligence and self-improvement, dedication and dedication" has gradually become popular in the hearts of the people, influencing and promoting the development of spiritual civilization creation activities, and has a positive impact on people's mental outlook.

Entering the new century, various ideological and cultural exchanges and exchanges have become more frequent, some fields have lost moral standards and integrity, and some members of society have distorted outlooks on life and values. The task of strengthening ideological and moral construction is even more arduous.Hu Jintao, the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, proposed to build a socialist core value system, promote the Sinicization, modernization, and popularization of Marxism, and promote the masses to establish a socialist concept of honor and disgrace. In February 2004, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Moral Construction of Minors"; in August, the "Opinions on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Education of College Students" was issued.After the two opinions were issued, all localities and departments have formulated corresponding measures to implement them.At the same time, for party members and cadres, ideological and moral construction has also been strengthened, and educational activities to maintain advanced nature and to strive for excellence have been carried out.The achievements of ideological and moral construction during this period were not only demonstrated through ordinary trivial matters, but also through the successful hosting of the Olympic Games and World Expo, and through the fight against SARS and the response to major natural disasters such as the Wenchuan Earthquake.

In major public events, millions of volunteers participated in them, and their smiles and dedication became a beautiful landscape.For example, there are more than 8 volunteers in the Shanghai World Expo Park, and nearly 200 million urban volunteers in Shanghai have participated in the services of the World Expo.Most of the volunteers in the park are young people born in the 80s and 90s. Because they wear white and green overalls, they are called "little cabbage".These lovely "little cabbages" have contributed to the success of the World Expo, showing the moral outlook of Chinese youth to the world.At present, China has established 43 volunteer organizations, with more than 6000 million volunteers carrying out activities all year round, and more than 2000 million registered volunteers.Volunteers are like a mirror, reflecting the sense of responsibility and sincerity of most people in Chinese society, and reflecting the achievements of Chinese social morality.

The Olympic spirit and the spirit of earthquake relief have continuously enriched the Chinese spirit, and the education of ideals and beliefs and party spirit have also been strengthened. In 2011, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held, and cultural construction including ideological and moral construction was deployed. China's ideological and moral construction started again at a new historical starting point.

(End of this chapter)