hotel management

Chapter 36 Device Management (1)
Hotel equipment management requires the hotel to establish a complete set of equipment management systems and specifications, and requires implementation.Hotel equipment management should realize computer management as soon as possible to improve management efficiency.In the management, special attention should be paid to the economic and environmental benefit analysis of the equipment, and the advanced technology and process should be adopted as much as possible to reduce the operating cost of the equipment, reduce environmental pollution and energy waste.

The first (section) concept of hotel equipment management

[-]. Concept

In foreign countries, "the general term of tangible fixed assets" is the definition of equipment engineering, which includes all labor materials included in fixed assets, such as land, buildings, structures, machinery, vehicles, tools, etc.In our country, equipment is defined as a part of fixed assets, and only material materials that directly or indirectly participate in changing the shape and nature of labor objects are called equipment, that is, long-term use required by people in production and business activities. Machine tools, mechanical devices, instruments and meters, etc., and basically maintain the material data of the original physical form during use.There are three meanings for the device:
(1) Equipment is the general term for material and technical equipment such as machines, equipment, instruments, and meters used by various departments of the hotel;

(2) The equipment has the characteristics of long-term and multiple use, and is not a one-time consumable;

(3) The value form of equipment is listed as fixed assets in the accounting items.

[-]. Purpose

1. Ensure that the hotel gets the best economic benefits
The purpose of strengthening the management of hotel equipment is to carry out scientific management, correct use, reasonable lubrication, careful maintenance, regular maintenance, strengthen planned maintenance, timely update and transformation of equipment, improve the integrity rate and technical performance of equipment, and keep it in a good technical state. Maintain the advanced level and its reasonable composition, exchange the least input for the greatest output, and ensure the hotel to obtain the best economic benefits.

2. Improve service quality
Strengthening equipment management and maintaining its good technical status can ensure the normal production.In modern hotels, the technical status of equipment directly affects whether the production activities of the hotel can be carried out normally.If we do not pay attention to equipment management, what should be repaired is not repaired, what should be remodeled is not remodeled, what should be updated is not updated, the technical state of equipment will deteriorate, normal production order will not be guaranteed, production activities will not be carried out normally, and service quality will be reduced. There is no way to improve.

3. Improve work efficiency
Strengthening equipment management and giving full play to the role of machinery and equipment can greatly improve work efficiency.Modern machinery and equipment generally have the characteristics of large load and high efficiency.However, if it is not well managed and used properly, the role of machinery and equipment cannot be fully utilized, and the workload or work efficiency cannot be fully utilized.On the contrary, strengthening equipment management and using equipment correctly can give full play to the role of equipment under the same conditions, and greatly improve labor productivity.

4. Improve the overall management level of the hotel
Hotel equipment management directly reflects the management level of the hotel.Equipment management is an important management task in a hotel, and it is an all-round management of people, money, and things. It puts forward higher requirements for technical, scientific, institutionalized, and standardized management.Improving the level of hotel equipment management is conducive to improving the overall management level of the hotel.

The second (section) hotel equipment numbering and dynamic management

[-]. Equipment number

([-]) Classification number of hotel equipment

To manage the equipment effectively, each one needs to master the distribution, the basic performance and characteristics of the equipment, the basic parameters of the equipment, working status, lubrication requirements, life cycle, the composition, function, operation and maintenance procedures of each equipment system etc. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in the basic data management of equipment and formulate a dynamic management system for equipment.

1. Hotel equipment category number
Due to the variety and wide distribution of hotel equipment, in order to facilitate management, it is necessary to classify and number all equipment.The equipment can be statistically classified through the number, the attributes of the equipment can be understood from the number, and the foundation for the calculation and management of the equipment can be laid.There are many ways of classifying and numbering equipment, which are classified according to equipment performance and use.According to the performance and use of the equipment, all equipment can be divided into several categories, each category is divided into several categories, and each category is further divided into several groups.Each major category, classification, and each group are represented by a numerical code from 0 to 9, and arranged in sequence.

2. The method of hotel equipment numbering

In addition to indicating the various types of equipment, the number of hotel equipment should also be able to identify the system to which the equipment belongs, the source of the equipment, the installation location, and the sequence number from the number.Therefore, the number can be divided into two parts: the basic number and the additional number.

When the scale of the hotel is large, the equipment is widely distributed, and the system is complex, the basic number of the equipment used cannot meet the requirements, so each hotel can add an additional number according to the specific situation.Additional numbers include the following three types of codes.

(1) Equipment system/subsystem code.Equipment system codes can be represented in uppercase letters, and subsystems within that system can be represented in lowercase letters.

(2) Equipment source code.The source of equipment refers to imported equipment, domestic equipment or equipment produced by joint ventures. The purpose of indicating the source of equipment is to purchase spare parts in a planned way and to serve as a basis for decision-making on the localization of imported equipment this year.The device source code can be represented by the first letter of Pinyin.

(3) The code of the installation site of the equipment.When the hotel scale is large and the equipment is widely distributed, the code of the equipment installation location can be added. Generally, the hotel is divided into major areas, and then divided into sub-districts (or floors) in the major areas. Depending on the size of the hotel and the building function, 2 can be used. ~4 digits to indicate the installation location.

The specific codes of the above-mentioned equipment additional numbers can be determined by the engineering department, but after confirmation, a list of code meanings should be listed for comparison during use.

3. Equipment number
According to the above, the form of the hotel equipment number.

[-]. Dynamic management

The dynamic management of equipment refers to the management of equipment assets that have been put into use due to changes in equipment assets due to idleness, relocation, allocation, borrowing, leasing, and scrapping.It is the key to do a good job in dynamic management of equipment to formulate changing operation procedures and complete procedures.

([-]) Storage and disposal of idle equipment

Idle equipment refers to equipment that has been installed, accepted, and put into operation, but not currently in use.Idle equipment is divided into seasonal (seasonal) idle equipment (such as refrigerators of air-conditioning systems, cooling towers, cooling water pumps, etc.) and discarded idle equipment.Disposable equipment not only fails to create value, but also takes up space and requires maintenance costs, becoming a burden on the hotel.Therefore, such devices must be dealt with in a timely manner.The specific management methods for short-term or seasonal (seasonal) idle equipment are as follows.

1. Equipment storage
If it is idle for more than three months or seasonally (seasonally) idle, the user department shall fill in the "equipment storage (activation) application form".Submit it to the equipment management department for review, and seal it up in situ after approval by the deputy general manager in charge.Depreciation shall be calculated and depreciated by the financial department according to the prescribed credit purchase equipment.

2. Management after storage
After the equipment is approved to be sealed, the dust removal, rust prevention and moisture proof work of the equipment must be done well.When sealing up, the power supply and water source should be cut off, and the cleaning and maintenance work should be done well. The parts and accessories of the sealed equipment should not be used for other purposes to ensure the integrity of the equipment; it is strictly forbidden to store the equipment in the open air.Regularly check the oil seals that seal the equipment and do a good job of maintenance.The management of the equipment after storage is the responsibility of the department that uses the equipment.

3. Unpack the device
When short-term or seasonal (seasonal) idle equipment needs to be operated, the user unit should apply for unsealing with the original seal storage receipt. Before unsealing and use, it must be approved, and necessary maintenance must be carried out. At the same time, a trial run must be carried out to ensure that the equipment is in normal operation. official use.

For equipment that has been idle for more than one year or newly purchased equipment that has not been used for more than two years and is determined to be unnecessary, in addition to completing the sealing procedures, a detailed list of idle equipment should be filled out and reported to the deputy general manager in charge for approval. Or transfer, or allocation, should not be left idle for a long time to cause waste.

([-]) Equipment transfer, transfer and lease
1. Relocation of equipment

The relocation of equipment refers to the transfer of equipment within the hotel or the movement of the installation location. Any equipment that has been installed and listed as fixed shall not be moved or transferred without authorization by the user department.All equipment that needs to be relocated must fill in the "Equipment Relocation and Relocation Application Form" in accordance with the regulations, and must be approved by the deputy general manager in charge before implementation.

2. Allocation of equipment

The transfer of equipment refers to the transfer of equipment between hotels or between foreign companies.Equipment allocation is divided into free allocation and paid allocation.

(1) When the equipment is determined to be transferred without compensation by the superior competent department, the transfer unit shall fill in the original asset value and depreciation of the transferred equipment, and both parties shall assist in the account transfer and card transfer procedures.

Table 12-1 Application form for equipment transfer

year month day number

Equipment number, equipment name, model specification, department of the original installation site, reason for the relocation of the department of the original installation site, and engineering department opinion:

Person in charge: month day Manager in charge Approval opinion:

Signature: month day transfer record

Person in charge: month day (2) When it is determined to be a paid transfer, through negotiation between the two parties, a reasonable price will be negotiated, and the departure procedure will be completed after payment is made according to the agreement between the two parties, and the asset card will be canceled after the sale.

(3) When transferring equipment, all accessories, special tools, atlases and archives should be handed over to the transferring unit.

When equipment is borrowed and leased, the Finance Department should sign the "Equipment Leasing/Lease Contract".The signatures and seals of the handlers and persons in charge of both parties are required, and the contract should be notarized by a notary unit if necessary.

For the borrowed equipment, the lending unit shall pay the depreciation fee as usual, and the borrowing unit shall pay the corresponding depreciation amount to the lending unit on a monthly basis, and shall also be responsible for the daily maintenance of the equipment.

([-]) Scrapping of hotel equipment
If the equipment included in the fixed assets is scrapped, an application must be made, and it can only be disposed of after being appraised and approved by the superior leader.Before the equipment is scrapped without approval, the equipment user department shall not disassemble or misappropriate the parts of the equipment.Equipment scrapping is related to the utilization of fixed assets, and we must do our best to "tap potential, innovate, and transform" as much as possible.If it is really unusable and meets one of the following conditions, you can apply for scrapping:

(1) Equipment that has exceeded the specified service life, has outdated structure, wear and damage of main components, has failed to meet the minimum technical requirements, and cannot be repaired and utilized;
(2) The equipment that must be demolished cannot be relocated due to hotel renovation;
(3) Due to accidents or other disasters, equipment that has suffered serious damage and has no repair value;

(4) The equipment has congenital defects, the main technical performance does not meet the factory requirements or the energy consumption exceeds the national standard and cannot be improved and utilized;

(5) Seriously affect safety, continue to use the equipment that will cause accidents or danger, and cannot be repaired or modified.

To scrap equipment, fill in the equipment scrap application form.The scrap list is in triplicate: one for the user department, one for the engineering department, and one for the financial department.

The engineering department should regularly prepare reports on equipment changes and distribute them to relevant departments as the basis for equipment asset cards, account adjustments or cancellations.

The third (section) use and maintenance of hotel equipment

One, use

The use process refers to the process of operating under the rated load and performing its specified functions.During the operation of the equipment, due to the influence of various forces and environmental conditions, usage methods, work specifications, working hours, etc., its technical status changes and its working capacity is gradually reduced.To delay the decline in the working capacity of equipment, in addition to creating conditions suitable for the working environment of the equipment, there must also be correct use methods, reasonable work specifications, and specific requirements for equipment maintenance, and these measures must be implemented by the equipment operator.The equipment operator uses the equipment to directly contact and feel the changes in the working ability of the equipment.Therefore, in order to control changes in technology status and slow down the decline in work ability, we must first use it correctly.The main measures to ensure the correct use of equipment are to clarify the responsibilities of the user department and personnel, and to strictly regulate the operation process.

([-]) The department achieves "three good"

All departments must achieve "three good" for equipment, namely: manage equipment well, use equipment well, and maintain equipment well.

1. Manage the equipment well
The principle of managing equipment is: Whoever uses it is responsible.Each department has the responsibility to manage the equipment used by the department well, so that the equipment accounts are complete, the equipment account cards are clear, the equipment use procedures and maintenance procedures are complete, and the equipment cannot be used at will and violate the regulations. Each equipment has a dedicated person Responsible.

2. Make good use of equipment
All employees who use the equipment must operate and maintain in strict accordance with the operation and maintenance procedures. The use of equipment should not be overloaded, and uncivilized operations are prohibited.Untrained employees are not allowed to operate the equipment alone.

3. Maintain the equipment

After the equipment is used, it must be maintained.For general equipment, daily maintenance is cleaning, dust removal and decontamination.Equipment maintenance also includes regular maintenance by professionals from the engineering department.All departments should cooperate with the engineering department to implement the regular maintenance plan.

([-]) Employees achieve "four meetings"

For equipment operators, they should meet the requirements of the following "four meetings".

1. Can use

The operator must be familiar with the purpose and basic principles of the equipment, the performance requirements of the equipment, the operating procedures of the equipment, and the correct use of the equipment.

2. Will maintain

Operators are required to master the correct implementation of equipment maintenance and achieve the four requirements of neatness, cleanliness, lubrication, and safety.

3. Will check

The person in charge of equipment management should understand the structure, performance and characteristics of the equipment in charge of management, and be able to check the integrity of the equipment.The operators on duty in each computer room of the hotel must master the parts of the vulnerable parts of the equipment and be familiar with the daily inspection items, standards and methods.

4. Will rule out general faults

The staff of the engineering department and the person in charge of the management of important equipment in other departments must master the characteristics of the equipment used, be able to identify normal and abnormal equipment, understand the methods of disassembly and assembly, and be able to make general adjustments and simple troubleshooting. Problems that cannot be solved Report in time and cooperate with maintenance personnel to carry out maintenance.

([-]) Five Disciplines

(1) Carry out the system of assigning people, assigning machines, and operating with certificates, and strictly abide by the safety technical operating procedures.

(2) Always keep the equipment clean, oil and lubricate according to the regulations, do not start the machine until the lubrication work is completed, and must complete the cleaning get off work before leaving work.

(3) Seriously implement the shift handover system, and make records of shift handover and operation time.

(4) Manage tools and accessories well so that they cannot be lost or damaged.

(5) It is not allowed to leave the post when the equipment is running. If any abnormality or failure is found, it should be stopped for inspection in time. If it cannot be dealt with, the maintenance worker should be notified in time for inspection.

[-]. Maintenance

(End of this chapter)