University · Moderate

Chapter 30
[Original text]

The Master said: "Shun's great filial piety is also the same! Virtue is a sage, respected as the son of heaven, rich in the world ①, ancestral temples ②, descendants protect ③. Therefore, a great virtue must have his position, his salary, and his name. It must have its longevity. Therefore, the creatures of the sky ④, must be determined ⑤ because of their materials, so those who plant them cultivate ⑥, and those who overturn them overthrow them.

"The "Poetry" says ⑦: 'Gentlemen in Jiale⑧, constitutional and constitutional virtues⑨. It is suitable for the people and people⑩, and receives the salary from the sky. Bless the fate, and grant it from the sky.' Therefore, the great virtue must be ordered."

【Note】

① Wealth within the four seas: all within the four seas is his wealth.The four seas generally refer to the whole country. "The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan": "Within the four seas, all are brothers."

②The ancestral temple: It refers to being sacrificed in the ancestral temple.Ancestral temple, the place where the ancient emperors and princes worshiped their ancestors and ancestors.Zheng Xuan's note: "The words and appearance of the temple are also, and the spirit of the deceased cannot be seen, but the residence in life, the appearance of the palace is the ear." There are virtues in the ancestors, so they are collectively called ancestral temples. In the Zhou Dynasty, there are seven temples for the son of heaven, five princes, three officials, and one scholar." "Book of Rites · Kingship" says: "From the beginning of the official to the family temple, there is no temple name to call it." ”饭 (xiǎng), sacrifice.

③ Bao: Keep.

④ Things: Refers to everything.

⑤ material: essence, nature.Benedict (dǔ): heavy.

[-] Cultivation: Cultivation.Overthrow: overthrow, destroy.

⑦ "Poetry" says: This is Chapter 1 in "The Book of Songs Daya Fake Music". "False Music" is a poem eulogizing King Cheng of Zhou.

[-] Jia: The original poem is the word "false". The word "Jia" is also cited in "Zuo Zhuan·Wen Gong Three Years".Jiale: Like it, happy.Gentleman: Originally refers to Zhou Chengwang.

⑨Xianxian: In the original "Book of Songs", it is "Xianxian", which has the same meaning, that is, it shows the appearance of prosperity.Order: goodness, beauty. "Book of Zhou·Xiao □ Biography": "You have a good reputation when you are young."

[-] Yimin Yiren: People, generally refers to civilians.People refer to people above the scholar-official level.That is, the person in power.This sentence means that King Cheng of Zhou can get along well with the people under him and with the people in power.

【Translation】

Confucius said: "Emperor Shun can be regarded as the most filial person! He has the lofty character of a sage, the noble status of a son of heaven, and the wealth of the world. He enjoys the sacrifices in the ancestral temple, and his descendants will continue forever. A person with great benevolence and virtue like Shun will surely obtain the supreme position, a generous salary, a good reputation, good health and a long life. Therefore, nature produces all things according to the biological To judge whether to give careful care by the essential attributes, cultivate what can be cultivated, and let it fall if it is tilted and withered.

"The "Book of Songs" says: "'Elegant and happy Zhou Chengwang, his virtues are shining brightly.Be good among the common people and hundreds of officials, and get a lot of money from heaven.God blesses King Cheng of Zhou and teaches him that blessings can be enjoyed for a long time. ’ Therefore, a person with high moral character will inevitably accept the order of heaven and become the king of the world. "

[Zhu Xi Tips]

Right No.17 chapter.

【Translation】

Zhu Xi said that the above paragraph is Chapter No.17.

(End of this chapter)