plain book

Chapter 15 Interpretation of Plain Books (13)
There is a story of "Five Hundred Heroes" in the Han Dynasty. It is said that in the last years of the Qin Dynasty, the Tian family of the Qi State nobles rebelled. This rebel army was first led by Tian Rong, but this man had no virtue to the people and used severe punishments to lead the people. As a result, a rebellion was caused, and the tribes mobilized and killed them.After Tian Rong's death, his younger brother Tian Heng continued to lead the army.This Tian Heng is different from his elder brother, he takes the lead in everything, treats his tribe leniently, and wins the hearts of the people.When Han Gaozu Liu Bang unified the world, Tian Heng did not want to surrender to the Han Dynasty, so he led 500 people to flee to Tianheng Island in Jimo City, Qingdao today.But Liu Bang respected Tian Heng very much and insisted on him becoming an official, Tian Heng had no choice but to commit suicide.When the 500 people who stayed on the island heard that Tian Heng was dead, they committed suicide together and died for each other.

The same group of people, two different leadership thinking, the result is a world of difference, one was massacred and killed, another 500 people voluntarily died, the difference between virtue and punishment is so great.

【Original】If small merits are not rewarded, great merits will not be accomplished; if small grievances are not forgiven, great grievances will arise.

The note said: "If the people's hearts are not convinced, they will rebel."

Wang said: "The amount of merit is great, and the rewards are serious. If things are clear and orderly, everyone will be subdued. Merit and virtue are the good and evil of people and ministers; rewards and punishments are the discipline of the country. If small merits are not rewarded, no one will make great ones." .

High ambition, broad mindedness, forgiving others with courtesy; respecting virtue and benevolence, showing kindness to everyone with righteousness.I can't bear small grievances, and I want to avenge my grudges, and return to invite their misfortunes.For example, Zhang Fei is impatient, if someone has a small fault, he will be punished heavily, and then he will be stabbed by the tent, it is a small resentment, and a big resentment will inevitably arise. "

【Interpretation】There are no small things in management, and many grievances in the unit often arise from small things in life.Once resentment arises, most people will instinctively magnify the resentment, and unconsciously find more reasons to accumulate resentment.That's why Zhuge Liang warned people, "Don't do nothing because of a small kindness", "reward small merits" and "forgive small mistakes" are all small acts of kindness.

Many people who have achieved careers in history started from small achievements.For example, there was a famous general in the Tang Dynasty, Xue Rengui, who was born in a poor family. When he was fighting against Goryeo with Emperor Taizong, he rushed into the enemy line alone in a white robe and held a Fangtian painted halberd. He was appreciated by Emperor Taizong and achieved success On the road, he became one of the most valiant warriors in the Tang Dynasty.On the other hand, among the unsuccessful people, how many were lost because of the leader's "small merits not rewarded"?
Good leadership creates talent, bad leadership kills talent.If a unit has no available talents for a long time, it is not because the people in the unit are not good, but the leaders of the unit are not good.

Although the things of "rewarding minor merits" and "pardoning minor faults" are small, only people with a big heart can do them.Cao Cao was accused of being a traitor, but this man's heart is indeed extraordinary.He once attacked Zhang Xiu in Nanyang, and Zhang Xiu was forced to surrender to Cao Cao.However, Cao Cao was indeed not a gentleman. After Zhang Xiu surrendered to Cao Cao, he even had an affair with Zhang Xiu’s aunt. Zhang Xiu was so angry that he swung a knife and chopped it off. As a result, Cao Cao ran away, but his eldest son Ang and nephew Anmin were killed, and Zhang Xiu defected to Yuan Shao. At this point, this grievance will end up growing.Later, when Cao Cao attacked Yuan Shao, Zhang Xiu had nowhere to stand, so he had to surrender to Cao Cao again.But Cao Cao's generosity surprised future generations, and he did not embarrass Zhang Xiu, but entrusted him with a heavy responsibility.

[Original] Rewards are disobedient, punish those who are unwilling to rebel; reward those who have no merit, and punish those who are innocent.

The note said: "It is cool to add something that is not appropriate."

Wang said: "Low rewards lead to hatred, but heavy punishments do not share. Those who have meritorious service will not be promoted high, and the rewards will be slight, and people will inevitably resent. People who have committed minor crimes will be severely punished, and people will not accept it. Unclear rewards and punishments are a serious disease of the country; When people leave, they will rebel, and then they will perish. Give kindness to encourage good people, and set up punishment to prohibit evil parties. Private rewards have no merit, and many people are not angry; punishment is innocent, and the people are renounced. This is not a grievance."

【Interpretation】Reward and punishment are the two treasures in the hands of leaders, but they are also the two deadliest suicide weapons.In history, some people used it well and got twice the result with half the effort, and it was not difficult to even create hegemony; but there were also many people who used it poorly, and the result was the ruin of the country and family.

At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Zixu, a famous statesman and strategist, came out of the state of Wu. He was originally a powerful family in the state of Chu.In 522 BC, King Ping of Chu listened to the slander and killed Wu Zixu's family innocently, but Wu Zixu fled to Wu State.He vowed to overthrow the state of Chu in order to avenge the murder of his relatives.

After entering Wu, he assisted King Helu of Wu to improve the legal system, appointed talents, rewarded farmers and merchants, and real warehouses. He also recommended Sun Wu, who was well versed in the art of war, as a general. a strong country.In 517 AD, Wu Zixu led the Wu army to invade the state of Chu, dragged out the body of King Ping of Chu, and beat him 300 times to vent his anger.

Although Wu Zixu's actions have made future generations sick, what prompted Wu Zixu to betray the motherland is precisely: punishing those who are unwilling to rebel!Injustice calls out, injustice leads to opposition, this is the law of history.

[Original Code] Hearing slander is beautiful, hearing remonstrance and making enemies die.

Wang said: "A gentleman is loyal but not a sycophant, a villain is a sycophant but not loyal. Listening to slander is like delicacy, anger and loyalty are like hatred, and those who do not subjugate the country are rare!"

【Interpretation】For leaders, it is difficult for a gentleman, but easy for a villain.why?Because "gentlemen are united but different", they will work hard for a common goal, but will not lose their self-judgment, often put forward different views on the leadership's decision-making, and sometimes even criticize it fiercely.Therefore, leaders sometimes feel very unable to step down.Tang Taizong once said to his queen angrily: I must kill Wei Zheng, a country bumpkin. He always gives me advice, which makes me very difficult to step down in the court.The queen said: I should congratulate you!I heard that when the master is bright, the ministers will speak directly. It seems that you are the master.After saying this, Tang Taizong calmed down.It can be seen that a gentleman is really difficult to get along with.But a gentleman is like a bitter medicine, he will help your career to glory.

On the other hand, villains are "same but not in harmony". This kind of person will maintain a high degree of consistency with the leader and revolve around the leader all day long, but they will not fight for the common goal.So the leader will feel that this kind of person is easy to associate with, and is comfortable being flattered every day.He Shen, a corrupt official in the Qing Dynasty, has been favored by Emperor Qianlong for more than 20 years. Apart from the fact that He Shen has some skills, I am afraid it has a lot to do with his good flattery.He Shen's motto is "take the emperor's heart as his heart", and he is very good at trying to figure out Qianlong's thoughts and intentions. Leaders don't like it?However, it is precisely this kind of person, like opium, who will be killed by him sooner or later.

[Original Code] Those who can have it will be safe, and those who are greedy will be disabled.

The note said: "If there is what I have, the mind will be at ease and the body will be at ease."

Wang said: "If you can keep it carefully, you will not suffer from negligence; if you plan wisely, you will be ruined. For example, the wise uncle is unkind, and he has the desire to greedy and seize land. He raped and insulted the kings of Han and Wei, but was killed Han Wei and Zhao Xiangzi colluded secretly, went back to attack and kill Zhi Bo, and each divided his land. This is the result of greed, and the disaster of going back is defeat."

【Interpretation】If you can cherish the fruits of your labor, you will live with peace of mind and peace of mind day and night.If you covet what others have, even if you get it, you will feel restless.

There is an old saying in China, "If a thousand people criticize you, you will die without a disease", which means: If a person is pointed at the spine and scolded every day, this person will definitely not live long.There was a survey in Western psychology, and the life expectancy of all corrupt officials is statistically not too long.Because these people did something wrong, they were psychologically suppressed for a long time, and they all died short-lived in the end.It seems that no matter whether people live rich or poor, the most important thing is to live with peace of mind.If it is ill-gotten wealth, even if the family has a lot of money, there is no peace all day long, and if you are trapped in the prison of your heart, what is the taste of living?
In the Ming Dynasty, there was a wealthy businessman in the south of the Yangtze River with a wealth of wealth, but he could not be quiet every day. He was afraid of stealing, robbing, and murdering his fortune... In short, it was almost to the point where the food was tasteless and the night was sleepless, which made the family panic all day long.Finally one day, the wife of the rich businessman said: "Oh! What's the point of this kind of life? Look at the young couple selling tofu next door. They live a carefree life every day, happily, singing and laughing. If we can live a day What a wonderful life!" The rich businessman said bitterly: "It's easy to make them unhappy." So at night, he secretly put a huge sum of money at the door of the young couple.

Since getting this money from an unknown source, I can no longer hear the happy songs and laughter of the young couple, and I am listless when I make tofu every day, and it is terribly quiet at night.The rich businessman proudly said to his wife: "Listen, they don't sing any more." Not long after, they heard a low-pitched quarrel next door at night, which developed into a fight, and finally the young couple broke up.

The "greedy man" was not only restless during his lifetime, but also restless after his death.How many dignitaries in history have their tombs stolen after their death, their bones scattered all over the place, and all the treasures are gone.It is because they were too greedy in life, and there are too many precious things in the tomb, and the evils of the previous life will be rewarded after death.In history, there is only one emperor whose tomb is safe, and that is the tomb of Emperor Wen Liu Heng of the Han Dynasty.Despite the military turmoil, most of the emperor's tombs of the Han Dynasty were robbed and excavated, but the tomb of Emperor Wen was safe.

An Lizhang

The note said: "It's a courtesy to walk in peace."

Wang said: "Security is stability. Propriety is the general nature of human beings. In this chapter, the principle of succession is clearly shown in order to show the principles of superiority and inferiority."

【Interpretation】Rite is reason, which is the law of all things in the world and in the world.Anyone who lives and lives must abide by these rules and conform to the principles of the world.Therefore, when your career is hindered and your life is not satisfactory, don't complain, but review your behavior. Maybe we have violated a certain law and broken some laws. The article "Anli" is just to teach people to follow the rules, follow the rules, and those who are content with the etiquette will succeed in their careers.

【Original】Resentment lies in reluctance to let go of small faults, and trouble lies in not planning ahead;
Wang said: "Don't think about old evils. People have small grievances, and they can't forget them. They always hold grudges. Life is full of doubts and fears, how can you have the heart to repay them? If you are not lenient in things, you will inevitably invite blame and resentment.

People without foresight must have immediate worries.In everything, you must first calculate and plan to win, and then you can do it.If you don't expect the amount, if you are temporarily unprepared, it will be difficult to succeed.If you don't see the benefits and harms, if you don't plan first, you will attract disasters. "

【Interpretation】Enmity is not because others have offended us, but because we cannot tolerate others.There is a Fanyin Temple in Yangzhou. There is a couplet next to the Maitreya Buddha statue in the temple. The first couplet is: "Open your mouth and often laugh at the ridiculous people in the world." The second couplet is: "A big belly can tolerate things that are difficult to tolerate in the world." Buddha's, but also the motto of many people's life.When Zhuge Liang was just a fledgling, Guan Gong and Zhang Fei were not very polite to him, and they couldn't see the great role of this scholar.But Zhuge Liang tolerated the small faults of Guan and Zhang with a broad mind, and together opened up the situation of the Three Kingdoms.

Misunderstandings and offenses are common in life. If you care about it, it will eventually develop into hatred.But if we have a tolerant heart, other people's mistakes will only make our life more beautiful.

Misfortunes happen every day, but if you don't suffer from them, it depends on everyone's cultivation.Experts plan before disasters, common people plan after disasters.If you seek the former, you can eliminate disasters and avoid disasters; if you seek the latter, it is at best a remedy.There is a similar thought in traditional Chinese medicine, which is called "preventive treatment of disease", that is, before the disease is formed, we should step up nursing care before the disease occurs, so that people will not get sick.Once a serious illness appears, treatment can only be half dead, half alive, that is to say, the chance of cure is only half.

Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the Han Dynasty, and his family of three brothers are all great doctors, but why is Hua Tuo the only one who is famous all over the world?Hua Tuo once said: My elder brother can see the signs of diseases before people get sick, and treat them before they get sick, so the name is not obvious; my second brother can eliminate serious diseases by curing minor diseases before they appear , is also not famous; as for me, I can only see it after a person has a serious illness, and I can often bring the dead back to life, so I am famous.

【Original】Blessings are accumulating goodness, and disasters are accumulating evil.

The note said: "Good accumulation will lead to blessings, and evil accumulation will lead to disasters; if there is no good and evil, there will be no disasters and no blessings."

Wang said: "People who conduct good governance will increase their merits; if they do evil things, they will inevitably invite disasters."

【Interpretation】"Good will be rewarded with good, and evil will be rewarded with evil", although there is no more scientific evidence, it is a law of folk belief, and this law is believed by almost all human beings. We can also use this It is regarded as a certain moral bottom line of human beings.

The idea of ​​"retribution" originated from the ancient thoughts of various ethnic groups, the most representative one is the law of Capricorn in India, which is the later thought of reincarnation.Buddhism believes that a person's life is determined by the cause and effect of the previous life.If you did good deeds in the previous life, you will be rewarded in this life, and everything you do will be smooth; if you did a lot of evil in the previous life, you will suffer bad rewards in this life, either you will not achieve anything, or you will suffer from various diseases.So Confucius once said: A person who is kind to others, his blessings can be passed on through three generations.

From a practical point of view, if you are sincere and kind to others, others will treat you with the same attitude; if you often use harsh words, deceit and contempt towards others, others will treat you in the same way.This in itself is a kind of "good and evil will be rewarded".Therefore, no matter how you behave or do things, always have a kind heart, and the harvest must be the fruit of kindness.

Phoenix TV's Qiang Qiang three-person program once told such a story: In a certain place, there was a female driver driving a long-distance bus full of passengers on the winding mountain road.Three gunmen actually set their sights on the beautiful female driver and forced the minibus to stop, intending to take the female driver out of the car to "play".The female driver stood up and called for help, but most of the passengers in the car were silent.Only one middle-aged thin man stood up to resist, but was knocked to the ground.The female driver was dragged to the forest and grass.

After a while, the disheveled female driver and three gangsters came back.At this moment, the female driver insisted on letting the beaten man get out of the car, but the man refused, and the two sides argued.The female driver said stubbornly: "If you don't get out of the car, I won't drive." All the passengers in the car urged the man to get out of the car.As a result, the man who taught others was forcibly kicked out of the car...

The next day, the local newspaper reported that a tragic accident occurred in Fuhu Mountain yesterday, and a minibus fell off a cliff.None of the driver and thirteen passengers on board survived.

We don't have to care whether the idea of ​​"good and evil will be rewarded" is scientific or not, and belief in itself is a kind of strength.Human beings need this power to balance the relationship between people.

【Original】Hunger lies in poor peasants, cold lies in lazy weaving;

The note said: "Tang Yao's frugality, Li Kui's advantage of location, Yue Wang Goujian's ten-year gathering, and Han's equalization are all the techniques of ushering in."

Wang said: "A family who is lazy in farming will suffer from hunger; a person who does not work hard to weave will suffer from cold. Farming and silkworm rearing all depend on spring; if you don't plant in spring, you will have nothing to harvest in autumn, and you will suffer from hunger and cold." Suffering."

【Interpretation】If farmers are cheap, rice will be expensive, and if rice is expensive, there will be no food.In the same way, if there is no security for sang farmers, people's clothing will become a big problem. "Nongmulberry" is more important than Mount Tai. It is the foundation of a society. Once something goes wrong, there will be great social turmoil.

China is in a subtropical monsoon climate, and natural disasters occur from time to time. Residents' lives are already very difficult. If the three rural issues are not resolved properly, famine years will easily occur.For this reason, China has always had a tradition of "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business". All those in power regard agriculture as the top priority.To this day, when encountering economic turmoil and inflation, the first thing to consider is to curb price rises, because social chaos caused by agricultural and mulberry problems is not uncommon in history, and the lessons are extremely profound.

Any unit has the foundation of life and death.As a leader, the primary task is to ensure that the foundation of the unit is not shaken, to grasp the correct development direction, to do business properly, not to be greedy for more, let alone chase after the end, otherwise the building will collapse suddenly.

【Original】The safety lies in winning people, but the danger lies in losing soldiers;

Wang said: "If the country has good people, it will be safe; if the court loses virtuous men, it will be in danger. Han Xin, Ying Bu, and Peng Yue are all wise and resourceful. If the overlord does not use them, they all belong to the King of Han; worship Han Xin as a general, and Ying Bu and Peng Yue as kings; Use wisdom to plan, destroy and strengthen Qin, and punish Chu; conquer rebels and surrender, so as to secure the world. Han wins people and achieves great success; Chu loses talents and loses the country."

(End of this chapter)