Whole brain super learning ability

Chapter 8 Magical Learning Magic (2)
The so-called "pyramid" learning method is to use a series of cyclic knowledge units to replace the straightforward knowledge accumulation and elaboration.This is somewhat similar to the Ebbinghaus learning method, but the difference is that each cycle of the "pyramid" learning method is higher than the previous cycle and goes further.Compared with the "spiral" type of learning method, it can understand and acquire knowledge more quickly.It provides a broader picture of what is being learned than a "straight-forward" approach to learning.This "pyramid" learning method can be said to have the characteristics of "gestalt". "Gestalt" refers to a system that synthesizes many phenomena into functional units.In layman's terms, it is a cycle in which the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.The latter cycle needs the previous cycle as the basis, but it is deeper and higher than the previous cycle.Moreover, the study in the latter cycle enriches and supplements the previous cycle.

The "pyramid" learning method aims at the content that the learner is interested in and researched.The starting point can be a basic concept, a formula, an experimental phenomenon, a difficult problem, or even some idea of ​​your own.Starting from this starting point, around the central content, learn and master the basic knowledge directly related to the central content.At the same time, learn about relevant knowledge that is related to the central content, but does not directly affect it.After a period of study, basic concepts are mastered, formulas are understood and applied, experimental phenomena are analyzed, difficult problems are explained, and ideas are enriched and perfected.At the same time, I also learned about the knowledge field related to the content I have learned, and I have a general overview of the knowledge I have learned.In this cycle of learning, you will encounter new concepts and new problems.Then take this as a new starting point, further cycle, further study, and further broaden your horizons.At the same time, in order to solve the problems raised by the starting point, we need to study, understand, and master carefully. We need to search for books, seek answers, and explain materials. This is not only a process of mastering knowledge, but also a process of cultivating a solid research style. It is also a process of training the ability to quickly consult books and periodicals and effectively use information.It can be said that the "pyramid" learning method is "kill three birds with one stone".

"Spiral ascending" learning is undoubtedly beneficial to those who have systematic learning conditions and sufficient learning time; "straight-line advancement" learning is also feasible for those who are smart and understanding.Then, for those ordinary students who have neither good learning conditions nor superior intelligence, with diligence and perseverance, with the help of books and materials in the library, and with the "pyramid" method of learning, in today's fierce competition, they can be in the classroom. Gain more knowledge in a shorter period of time.

The "pyramid" learning method has been favored by more and more students. It can help us save more study time and get the greatest return with the least effort.

Rosenblütt method of learning
Professor Werner Rosenblüth and some medical and bioengineering experts held a scientific method seminar every month, because this kind of seminar played an important role in Professor Rosenblütte's creation of cybernetics.We call this learning method the Rosenblütt learning method, also known as the "group outward learning method".Today, when knowledge forms a three-dimensional network, this method can be used not only for inventions and creations, but also for learning basic cultural knowledge.

The uniqueness of the Rosenblütt learning method lies in the fact that the members of the group have different knowledge structures and different levels of knowledge, so there are a series of advantages:

First of all, due to similar interests, the learning group is formed voluntarily, and each member has no sense of compulsion, so they have high enthusiasm and enthusiasm.

Secondly, to carry out a research at present, it is often necessary to master the knowledge of multiple disciplines, and several people with different knowledge structures study and research together, and they can understand a discipline in a relatively short period of time.Everyone has such an experience. The knowledge that has been explained by others and discussed through Q & A is more impressive. This is because the strengthened information and knowledge are helpful for memory and digestion, and are easier to use.

Thirdly, sometimes, the associative inhibition of new knowledge is caused by the associative advantage of old knowledge, and people's previous experience will have a negative impact on learning new knowledge and new technology. This is the phenomenon called "negative transfer" in psychology.Rosenblütt's learning method uses everyone's ability to identify and different opinions, and stimulates each other. It is easy to keep the individual's thinking in a proactive state, and it is easy to eliminate the negative influence of personal thinking patterns, so as to ensure that each member adjusts their thinking, less Take a detour.

Finally, the inferiority complex in learning is often caused by insufficient knowledge and low skills.Low self-esteem often makes people blame themselves too much mentally and guides self-burying.Nowadays, there are generally more people who blame "social burying", but less people who pay attention to self-burying.In the learning group, people who are exposed to a variety of knowledge structures and a variety of learning methods can broaden and deepen their knowledge.At the same time, the members of the group are freely combined due to their interests, so that each member has the opportunity to enjoy the joy of explaining knowledge to others, which helps to build self-confidence.

In addition, groups are often held in free time, which can not only make full use of time, but also make life more regular.Although the current pace of life has accelerated, a lot of time is still passing away unknowingly in meaningless chats.Studies have shown that a regular life and a moderate sense of urgency and restraint in life can make people optimistic and invigorated, which is beneficial to physical and mental health and delays brain aging.

The composition of learning groups can be based on the principle of voluntariness, that is, free combination and voluntary advance and retreat.Voluntary advance and retreat will not make it difficult to form and exist in the group, on the contrary, it will increase the activity of the group and benefit the enthusiastic participants more.In the early stage of forming a learning group, it is appropriate to have 3 to 7 people, preferably no more than 10 people, because there is not much experience in participating in group free-style discussions in the early stage, and most people will make the discussion digress.Furthermore, there should be 3 to 5 backbone members with broad knowledge and organizational skills to hold the general direction, create a free and happy atmosphere, synthesize the opinions of all members, and set the topics for study and discussion.

The specific form of discussion can be: each member introduces the knowledge he has learned recently, points out the mature and immature ideas on how to apply this knowledge, etc., and others supplement, comment and summarize on these issues.MIT MBA study group, which belongs to 5 graduate students of different majors.They automatically form a learning group, and discuss similar subjects twice a day, half an hour each time; each time, one person proposes 2 questions and answers them to the other 1 people, and then the person who made the question is the main one for everyone to comment on.Although they rely on self-study for at least two courses every day (due to different majors), their knowledge when they graduate is obviously wider than that of MBAs from other institutions, which is also an important reason why MIT graduates are popular.

self-directed rapid learning
The update of knowledge is getting faster and faster, and the information is constantly pouring in like a flood. The traditional rote learning method cannot cope with the torrent of new knowledge at all.Dr. Gott Moss of the University of Chicago Institute of Education invented a new learning method - "autonomous rapid learning method", which enables people to master new knowledge flexibly and quickly at a speed five times higher than the normal method.

The independent rapid learning method includes exploration and research learning and problem-solving learning. The former focuses on independent thinking and is mostly used for knowledge development and sublimation, while the latter focuses on technical activities and is mostly used for technological invention and creation.

The first problem to be solved by the independent and rapid learning method is how to cultivate the ability of independent learning?

The most important point: learning should be planned.According to the needs of the society and their own level and ability, formulate clear learning objectives and scientific learning plans.

The second is to learn to make full use of crutches.Learn to use reference books, reference books, use tools and instruments for observation, experimentation, and calculation, and develop habits and methods that are good at seeking, questioning, explaining, and solving doubts.

Again, learning requires regular feedback.Proceed from reality, formulate a set of assessment or inspection plans to test your own learning results, summarize your own learning experience, lessons, continue to learn scientific methods, learn from each other's strengths, and improve your own learning methods.

Finally, learning requires more effort from psychological factors.You should fully mobilize your enthusiasm and initiative in learning, and focus on cultivating your self-confidence, observation, endurance, memory, understanding and creativity.

Self-confidence means that you have the confidence to achieve and complete your learning goals and plans.Strong confidence comes from sufficient motivation, high consciousness, and full of ambition.

Observation refers to perception activities under the guidance of your thinking.This kind of activity is perception, thinking, language, the intellectual activity of the trinity, and it is the ability of people to absorb and store external information.To develop the power of observation, it is necessary to promote seeing, hearing, hands, mouth, and heart, the most important of which is heart.Think more when observing, you have to repeatedly search for the characteristics of the observed object, be good at discovering problems, brainstorm, and discover the characteristics of things from different angles, breadth, and depth.

Endurance refers to your ability to stick to what you should do and restrain what you should not do in learning.Being good at distinguishing the standards of persistence and restraint depends on the spiritual strength of correct morality and belief, and learns to despise difficulties strategically, and pay attention to and overcome difficulties tactically.

Memory refers to your ability to consolidate knowledge and overcome forgetting in learning.Memory includes five indicators: the speed of memory, the length of memory time, the size of memory storage, the accuracy of memory and the ability to select the information that must be remembered.

Comprehension refers to your ability to recognize the inner connection of knowledge in learning, and to rise from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge.Knowing what it is, you must also know why it is. Only when you understand it correctly can you use it flexibly.

Creativity is your ability to use the materials you have learned, through the processing of thinking and imagination, to carry out new designs and explorations, so as to generate new ideas or create new products.Learning must be inherited, but it cannot be regarded as natural and reasonable. It must explore the value of knowledge from different aspects, think bravely, be imaginative, and be willing to innovate.

People have this experience: if you tell others about a difficult thing to remember or a difficult math problem several times consciously, your impression will be greatly deepened, and it will be easier to remember or make sense of it.This is because when you tell, your mind is working hard to explain them, and many concepts are strengthened and become their own when you "express" them.Many chaotic "factors" were sorted out when they "expressed" them, making them organized and clear.

The "autonomous and rapid learning method" is based on this principle to start learning.When learning in this way, you don’t seek a complete understanding first, and you don’t listen to other people’s narrations. Instead, after you get the textbook, you can mobilize all your potential knowledge (that is, the relevant knowledge you have learned before) directly according to the table of contents in front of the book. knowledge, concepts, etc.) for a "self-teaching".Open the book after the lecture and read through it for the first time.Don't take notes when reading through, let alone ask people, just mark the places that you don't understand.After reading through this time, the deficiencies and fallacies of the first "self-teaching" will "jump up on the paper", which will make you understand deeply and benefit a lot.Then you can compile a concise and applicable "list of contents" in your own language, and conduct the second self-teaching against it.This time the lecture is more complete and richer than the first time, and many ambiguities will gradually become clear, and the impression will be greatly deepened.Then, you can read through the textbook for the second time, and the feelings, experiences and experiences gained from this reading will be forever remembered in your heart like shining bright spots.
When you give self-teaching for the third time, it will be smoother and you will develop more openly... In this way, after four to five rounds of self-teaching, thorough reading, and intensive reading, you will be able to master this new knowledge with ease up.

The following is an explanatory chart of the "self-directed and rapid learning method":

learning sequence learning content
1 The first self-teaching catalog + use the common sense and potential knowledge you have mastered to explain and describe the catalog as much as possible.

2 The first time to read through the textbook and the table of contents. Read the textbook with concentrated attention, sharp analysis, and a clear awareness of the subject.

3 List of self-teaching catalogs for the second time + use the new knowledge absorbed in the first time to fully "express" one by one and step by step.

4. The second time to read through the textbook. Since the second self-teaching has gained a lot of clear preliminary knowledge, it is possible to read more deeply than the first time through.

5 The third self-teaching catalog list + a considerable amount of new knowledge, new feelings, and new experiences that can be absorbed by the second read-through can be reproduced more broadly and clearly."

6 The third time to read the textbook through the third self-teaching, I have quite substantial and rich preview knowledge and experience, and can carry out handy intensive reading, and many ambiguities have been clarified.

For ambiguities or uncertainties found in self-teaching, review them at the end of each self-teaching.If the textbook is too thick, it can also be divided into several parts for self-teaching.But in the final stage, these parts must be connected together and self-teaching should be carried out several times in order to ensure the continuity of learning.It is best to memorize the table of contents.Regarding the role of the catalog list, it can be explained with an analogy: the human brain is like a warehouse, and the absorbed knowledge is like the stored parts.The conventional learning method is to shovel parts into the warehouse.Once you want to use this part, you will be in a hurry and have no way to find it.This leads to students not performing well in the on-the-spot exam.And learning against the "catalogue list" is like arranging parts against the "code list" in the warehouse. "Knowledge" is neatly and regularly arranged on the shelves. Once you need to use a certain part, you can find them immediately, so that your on-the-spot test can be performed quickly and accurately, and the knowledge can be learned and used. .

SQ3R learning method

SQ3R learning method is an extremely efficient learning method, which can effectively help us learn new knowledge. The SQ3R learning method is more valued in the teaching of the world, and some European countries or regions include this method in the teaching content of psychology.It is a modern thing to propose this method, which was first obtained by the University of Iowa in the United States, and this super learning method is also popular in other universities of the federal government. "Washington Post", "Time", "Harvard University Journal" and other newspapers introduced this learning method to a wide range of readers and attracted widespread attention.

The magical SQ3R method of learning consists of the first letters of the five dimensions needed to learn any written material, whether it be a book as a whole, a chapter of a book, an article or whatever.They are:

·Browse (Survey)

·Question

· Read

(End of this chapter)