Rebirth 2004: I can make money by writing

“Lithium batteries, the current development direction is mainly lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries and ternary lithium batteries.

Especially ternary lithium batteries, the energy density announced by the foreign four-star and LG laboratories can currently reach more than 150wh/kg, and may even have exceeded 200wh/kg.

However, there is a technical problem that is difficult to solve, that is, its flammability and explosiveness.

Relatively speaking, lithium iron phosphate is safer, but the energy density is lower… If it is hit, it is also unsafe, it will quickly burn and it is difficult to extinguish.” Professor Zhong said.

[Energy density wh/kg: the amount of energy that can be released per kilogram of battery (such as ternary lithium battery materials: cathode material lithium nickel cobalt manganese + anode graphite + diaphragm + electrolyte + shell, etc.);

1kWh = 1000wh, which is commonly known as the battery capacity of one kilowatt-hour. 】

Hao Qiang listened carefully, he thought of the electric cars of later generations, the battery caught fire quickly after being hit, no matter whether it was water or dry powder fire extinguisher, it was impossible to put out the fire.

If a celebrity drove a tram and crashed, the consequences would be disastrous if the masses did not provide timely assistance. In the end, the vehicle and the passengers were reduced to ashes.

But it must be said that the energy density of lithium batteries is much higher than that of lead-acid batteries, and the development prospects are great.

In later generations, Ningde Times focused on the research and development and production of ternary lithium batteries, while BYD focused on lithium iron phosphate. Both have their own unique advantages and potential problems.

The advantages of lead-acid batteries are stable quality, safety, strong reliability, and recyclability. The price is higher than that of lithium batteries, but it is bulky and has a lifespan of only about two years.

The lifespan of lithium batteries is more than six years, and the specific energy is large. The ternary lithium market application technology in later generations can reach more than 250wh/kg, and lithium iron phosphate can also reach more than 150wh/kg.

If it is laboratory technology, it must be higher.

The specific energy of lead-acid batteries is much lower.

In fact, it can be calculated by calculation.

With the technology of 2020, a 60V 20AH lead-acid battery (capacity (kWh) is equivalent to 60*20=1200Wh=1.2kWh=1.2 kWh), is about 5 batteries (12V per battery pack, connected in series, current remains unchanged, voltage increases), the total weight of the battery pack is about 30 kg, the market price is 750 yuan, and the recycling price is 50%.

According to the specific energy, it is only 40wh/kg!

For a lithium battery with the same capacity, that is, 1.2 kWh, if the technology level can reach 200wh/kg, the weight of the lithium battery pack is equal to =1200/200=6kg.

Only 6 kilograms.

Of course, the market price is more than 1200 yuan per kWh, and a 1.2 kWh lithium battery will cost 1450 yuan, which is twice as expensive, and it cannot be recycled and replaced (the technology is not up to it).

For example, for a ternary lithium battery pack for cars with a capacity of 70 kWh, the market price of the battery alone is 70,000 to 80,000 yuan, which is normal. This is why new energy vehicles are expensive.

And a car engine that costs about 200,000 yuan is not as expensive as a ternary lithium battery pack.

Electric motorcycles use lithium batteries, which are mainly used in high-end cars, and the market price of the whole vehicle is generally more than 3,000 yuan.

These information and data are based on Hao Qiang’s own understanding of his previous life, combined with Professor Zhong’s explanation, and he came to his own conclusion.

Should I enter the lithium battery industry?

Hao Qiang thinks it has great prospects.

If lithium batteries are developed, it is not realistic to apply them to the automotive industry at present. After all, the technical level is low and the energy density is low. If it is a lithium battery with a capacity of 50 or 60 kWh, the cost of the battery alone may be 100,000 yuan, and the battery pack will be very heavy. Who would buy such a car?

But if it is applied to electric motorcycles, it will be different, after all, the battery pack used is not large.

The terminal price of a 1.2 kWh lithium battery is only 700 to 800 yuan more expensive than a lead-acid battery, but the car is much lighter and has a range of more than ten to twenty kilometers.

For example, the weight of lead-acid batteries such as 48V20ah and 48V24ah exceeds 28 kilograms. In the future, the new national standard stipulates that the weight limit of electric bicycles is 55 kilograms, and the weight of the battery alone accounts for more than half. Therefore, this type of lead-acid battery has been eliminated due to overweight.

Maybe there is no weight limit for electric motorcycles, but using lead-acid batteries is equivalent to carrying an extra child, and the range is much shorter than that of lithium battery cars with the same power.

Of course, Hao Qiang is not very optimistic.

The biggest problem with lithium batteries, as Professor Zhong said, is flammability and explosion!

Even in later generations, there are many such problems.

Of course, compared with such a large volume, there are not many accidents.

If you want to make lithiumIn the battery industry, when registering a company, it is best not to register it yourself, but to find someone to replace you.

At the same time, if you have sufficient funds and resources, you can invest in lithium mineral resources to ensure the stability of the supply chain and cost control.

Next, Hao Qiang asked Professor Zhong a lot of questions about electric motorcycles.

The old and the young had a pleasant exchange for a long time, and Professor Zhong also liked students like Hao Qiang who loved to discuss technology.

After chatting for more than an hour, Hao Qiang knew that Professor Zhong was not in good health, so he had to find an excuse to leave.

The teacher’s wife also enthusiastically asked Hao Qiang to stay for dinner, but he was embarrassed and directly declined.

“Professor Zhong, thank you very much for your careful guidance. The students have benefited a lot.” Hao Qiang stood at the door and bowed slightly to Professor Zhong again to thank him.

Professor Zhong looked at Hao Qiang, with a gratified smile on his face: “Little Hao, you are welcome, come often when you are free.”

“I will, professor, take care of yourself.” Hao Qiang smiled and waved goodbye, and took the gift he brought.

He originally wanted to invite Professor Zhong to dinner, but he was in poor health, couldn’t drink, and refused to accept gifts, so how could he agree to dinner together?

It is estimated that only when the relationship between the two sides deepened, Professor Zhong would not care about these details.

After leaving the faculty and staff apartment area, Hao Qiang got in his car and went to the cafeteria to quickly have lunch.

Back to the rented house, he calmed down and thought carefully about which technical industry to choose as his development direction.

After repeated weighing, he basically determined the lithium battery industry.

In the third-level technology store, if he chose the second technical field “battery manufacturing technology and process”, he would not be able to choose other technical fields.

However, in the second-level technology store, he can choose the field of motorcycle parts manufacturing technology and process.

In each level of technology store, he can choose two adjacent technologies.

For the second-level technology store, Hao Qiang plans to choose the frame and charging technology as his research focus.

In the third-level technology store, he plans to focus on ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

The components of electric vehicles include frames, plastic parts, motors, batteries, controllers, wheels, front forks, brakes, lamps and internal wiring, among which battery technology, motor technology, controller technology and charging technology are the core technologies of electric vehicles.

However, there is no motor and controller technology in the secondary technology store.

But it doesn’t matter, both motors and controllers can be bought.

If conditions permit, it is best to develop the controller yourself.

Charging technology and battery technology are matched and complement each other. You cannot only have battery technology but lack charging technology.

Many electric motorcycle companies design and produce their own frames, while other parts are customized and purchased from outside.

If Hao Qiang develops an electric lithium battery, he can also sell it to other electric motorcycle companies.

Through exchanges with Professor Zhong, Hao Qiang has a general understanding of the profit situation of electric motorcycles.

The electric motorcycle currently sold for 3,000 yuan on the market has a cost of about 1,800 yuan for the car company, and the ex-factory price is about 2,500 yuan.

This means that there is a profit margin of about 500 yuan for terminal sales.

Of course, the manufacturing costs of different manufacturers vary, and sellers may raise prices, but the data is generally not much different and will not be too outrageous.

Therefore, selling electric motorcycles is still very profitable these days. It is normal to sell dozens or even hundreds of them a month, with a gross profit of tens of thousands of yuan.

Of course, the investment is not small, and just holding back goods is not something that ordinary businessmen can afford.

With the increasing maturity of the electric motorcycle market, more than ten years later, the increase in the number of stores and the intensification of competition have gradually reduced the profit margin and made it more difficult to make money.