The top student must be diligent

I can only wait for the day of the report.

…

Time has come to the day before the report.

On this day, two banners were posted at the door of the Institute of High Energy Physics, one in Chinese and one in English.

Both of them mean: [Welcome Professor George Parisi and his team from CERN to visit the Institute of High Energy Physics for exchange and study! ]

At ten o'clock in the morning, a bus stopped at the entrance of the institute. As the door opened, foreign faces kept getting off.

The leader was an old professor who looked very Italian.

This is George Parisi, a giant in the field of theoretical physics and a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Physics. At the same time, he has almost won many other awards in physics. In the first half of this year, he also won the Wolf Prize in Physics, which is second only to the Nobel Prize in gold content.

According to some situations in previous years, the Wolf Prize is a weather vane for the Nobel Prize. Maybe in October this year, he will become the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics.

It can be said that it is a very rare thing to be able to invite him to the Institute of High Energy Physics for exchange and study.

In front of the car door, Tang Yifang had been waiting with all the leaders of the Institute of High Energy Physics. When they saw the big man coming down, they all went to greet him.

"Professor Parisi, welcome!"

Tang Yifang stepped forward and shook hands with George Parisi.

George Parisi nodded: "Hello, Professor Tang, I am very happy to come to the Institute of High Energy Physics of China and communicate with you."

While talking, they introduced each other, and finally, all the people from CERN were welcomed into the institute.

Tang Yifang began to explain the next communication arrangements with George Parisi: ""Today I will mainly introduce you to our Institute of Physics, and then BEPC, and then..."

Before he could say what was next, George Parisi interrupted him and said, "There is no need to say too much about this. The collision energy of your BEPC is too low, and you can't do any high-energy experiments."

"I am more interested in the report you told me about tomorrow."

George Parisi asked, "The math genius Xiao Yi, tomorrow's report may involve a very important discovery?"

Tang Yifang was stunned, thinking that this matter really concerned him the most.

Then he smiled and nodded and said, "Yes, Professor Parisi, you should also know that Xiao Yi is a mathematical genius, so he provided a new error analysis and processing method for the experimental errors of our particle collisions."

"According to his new method, after processing a type of data, he found something that is inconsistent with the current theoretical data."

George Parisi was immediately surprised: "Inconsistent with the current theoretical data? Is this certain?"

Tang Yifang nodded and said, "According to Xiao Yi's calculation results, this is the case."

George Parisi couldn't help but think about it.

If this is true, it can be regarded as a very significant discovery.

After a moment, he asked, "When will the report be held tomorrow?"

When he heard him ask this, Tang Yifang laughed. Obviously, the other party was interested.

"Ten o'clock tomorrow morning."

"Okay! Then I look forward to tomorrow's report." Parisi said: "But which theoretical data do you say is inconsistent?"

Tang Yifang smiled apologetically: "This... Let me keep it a secret for now, you will know when I report tomorrow."

"Oh?" George Parisi raised his eyebrows, then smiled and said: "Okay."

...

The arrival of George Parisi and his team immediately made the Institute of High Energy Physics lively, but it didn't have much impact on Xiao Yi.

There was less than a day left before the start of the report, and during these days, in addition to completing the further optimization of error analysis and processing methods, he also used the optimized method to process more experimental data.

Almost two thousand data have been processed.

And all of these data show that the W boson is indeed very likely to be overweight. In terms of the difference in standard deviation, it basically reaches at least 5σ, or even more than 5σ, and quite a few exceed 6 to 7σ, or even more.

Of course, the amount of data in 2000 is still relatively small, but it is enough to make the physics community begin to doubt the mass of the W boson in the standard model.

"Just wait for tomorrow's report."

According to the data calculated on the draft paper, Xiao Yi smiled slightly and put the papers away.

At this time, his peripheral vision caught a glimpse of several other draft papers next to the corner of the table.

He took these draft papers and saw a lot of dazzling physical derivations written on them.

[L_YM=1/4FμνaFaμν……]

[Fμνa=μAνaνAμa+gf^abcAμbAνc……]

These things are all related to the Yang-Mills equation.

These days, he has also begun to study the mass gap problem.

Although the existence of the mass gap has been verified in many experiments, it has not been proven mathematically.

Only by proving it mathematically can we help physicists gain a deeper understanding of the strong interaction and ensure the internal consistency and rigor of non-Abelian gauge theories, which will provide an opportunity for the academic community. A solid theoretical foundation enables the avoidance of internal contradictions and inconsistencies when unifying different interacting forces at a higher level.

In particular, grand unified theories attempt to unify the strong and electroweak forces into a single gauge group at high energy scales.

Therefore, it is obvious that once the mass gap problem is proven, it will indirectly help to unify the three fundamental forces, strong, electroweak and weak.

"Well...how should we prove this?"

Looking at this question, Xiao Yi fell into deep thought.

Facing this kind of physical mathematical proof, he, who had been studying pure mathematical problems before, felt a little uncomfortable.

However, this problem is not big. After all, various mathematical methods still need to be followed.

In this way, time passed slowly, and many thoughts came to Xiao Yi's mind.

However, there is still a long way to go to solve this problem.

Just like that, one day passed again.

…

The next day, 10 am.

The largest lecture hall in the Institute of High Energy Physics was almost full of people.

All the researchers and associate researchers of the Institute of High Energy are already there, and then there are also some assistant researchers and intern researchers who came to participate because of interest. Of course, there are also other postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, etc., totaling almost 150 Multiple people.

In addition to these researchers from the Institute of High Energy, there is also the team of Professor George Parisi from CERN.

At this time, Professor George Parisi and Director Tang Yifang were sitting in the middle of the first row. On the seat next to them, Xiao Yi was communicating with Professor Parisi because the report had not officially started yet. .

"I heard Professor Tang say that your research results can find a result that is inconsistent with the predictions of the standard model, right?"

Parisi asked with a smile.

Xiao Yi nodded: "Yes, according to my calculations..."

But before he could finish speaking, Parisi reached out to stop him: "Okay, let's talk about this later when you report."

He glanced at Tang Yifang next to him with a smile, and said: "After all, yesterday, Professor Tang asked me to know from your speech in today's report, so there is no need to rush to say it now."

"Professor Tang, do you think so?"

Tang Yifang laughed: "Since Professor Parisi thinks so, then naturally we can't disappoint you, Xiao Yi, it will be up to you later."

"No problem at all."

Xiao Yi smiled and nodded.

At this time, the time for the speech had officially arrived. He stopped talking nonsense and walked directly to the stage.

The lecture hall quickly fell silent.

Standing on the podium facing so many physicists present, Xiao Yi bowed briefly, and then said with a smile: "Hello everyone, I am very happy to be able to share my recent results with you here at the Institute of High Energy. "

"First of all, I would like to thank Director Tang for arranging such a report for me. At the same time, I would also like to thank Professor Parisi for being willing to attend my report."

"Honestly, although I have done a lot of reports, this is my first time doing a physics report, so please forgive me if there are any shortcomings later."

"Well, without further ado, let's get to the point."

Xiao Yi clicked on the multimedia, the PPT lighted up, and the theme of the report also appeared on the screen.

[Experimental error analysis and data processing]

"For any experiment, limited by technical means, various errors will inevitably occur when measuring data, and these errors will greatly affect our judgment of the results."

"This is especially true for high-energy physics. After all, what we are observing is particle collisions with speeds reaching 99.99...% of the speed of light, and the events that occur may even disappear in just a few microseconds. So the final data becomes even more inaccurate.”

"In this regard, we have to use more advanced error analysis methods to help us analyze which part of an experimental data is error and which part is real, and then use data processing methods to retain the truth. The data."

Xiao Yi smiled: "It is said that the relationship between mathematics and physics is close, and I think it can be proved from this point."

The people present laughed.

"What I bring to you in this report is a more sophisticated error analysis and processing method, which can help us further extract effective information from the data."

"Next, I will directly use a set of experimental data as an example."

As soon as the PPT moved, a set of data appeared on it.

"This is a set of signal data about the leptonic decay mode of the W boson."

"We all know that the W boson can decay into a lepton and a neutrino, where the lepton can be an electron, a muon, or a tauon."