Return to 2000: Captain of the Great Powers
Chapter 275 The God of Humanity!
At Tokyo Haneda Airport, due to the control of the entire Tokyo airspace, all flights at Haneda Airport, including domestic flights and international routes, were delayed without exception.
Among them, a US Airways 747 in a corner of the airport belongs to the affected type.
Originally, they were supposed to launch it 10 minutes ago, but after the trailer was hooked up, they were informed that the Tokyo airspace control canceled the launch. The specific opening time of the airspace has not yet been determined, so they can only wait.
There are two sets of this all-American plane, one of which is still lying in the crew lounge on the second floor, and another in the first-class cabin of the plane, there is a man in casual clothes with gray beard and hair, who looks 50 years old.
Unlike other well-dressed distinguished guests in the first-class cabin, he didn't seem to be that extravagant, and he was also covered with ordinary clothes.
Just now the captain broadcast the delay notice, so that many eager passengers have already started to complain.But this middle-aged man had a calm mind, picked up the magazine on the plane, and flipped through it casually.
Suddenly, a tall flight attendant came over and whispered next to the middle-aged man: "Captain, the cockpit let you go over."
That's right, the flight attendant was calling the middle-aged man the captain.In fact, this person is indeed the captain of US Airways, but he is the captain of the A320 aircraft. This time he came to Japan for vacation, and it happened to join his own company's crew on the return trip, which was very convenient.
The middle-aged man snapped the magazine shut: "Long delay?"
He knew the captain in charge of this flight, and the two had a good relationship.The cockpit invited him in. The only explanation was that the delay was too long. The friend in the cockpit invited him in to chat to pass the time.
"I didn't say it before." The flight attendant didn't know the specific situation either.
The middle-aged man looked at his watch and sighed helplessly: "Block it."
After speaking, he stood up and followed the flight attendant to the front cabin workshop. After the flight attendant closed the curtain, the cockpit door opened, and the middle-aged man stepped in.
This 747 is the oldest 100 model, and there is an engineer on it. There are various instruments and switches densely packed, and non-professional personnel may be dazzled when they see these instrument switches.
Unlike the toilet-style cockpit space of the 737, the cockpit space of the 747 is still slightly larger. The middle-aged man found a seat and sat down naturally after entering: "How long is the delay?"
"I don't know, but it seems that there will be a delay." The captain present pointed to the second VHF on the communication panel: "This is the frequency of the Narita approach, listen."
"Huh?" The middle-aged man raised his eyebrows and listened attentively. Sure enough, the sound of approaching Narita Airport soon came from the frequency: "ANA45, descending altitude 320 feet, heading 1013, corrected sea pressure [-], reported fuel oil. time left."
"The lower altitude is 320 feet, the heading is 1013, the corrected sea pressure is 7, and the remaining fuel is [-] and [-] minutes."
The middle-aged man was stunned for a moment, and pushed the back of the captain's seat: "ANA45? Is there something wrong with this flight? Are you running out of fuel?"
"It seems to be. Now the entire Tokyo airspace is giving way to this plane, and the airspace control is because of this plane." The captain said.
The middle-aged man showed a puzzled expression: "It shouldn't be, one plane controls the entire Tokyo airspace? What is such a serious problem."
"Who knows!" The captain shrugged: "My friend heard some information on the frequency of the Tokyo area control. It seems that this All Nippon Airways plane went to Yokohama for an alternate landing, but for some reason, it was changed to an alternate landing." Landed at Narita Airport."
The middle-aged man rolled his eyes: "Isn't this quite clear, and I haven't figured out the reason yet?"
"Uh..." The captain on the seat was a little embarrassed: "My friend is like us, he can only understand some simple Japanese sentences. It is good enough to hear that this All Nippon Airways plane is diverting to Narita. He still called Me, let me adjust the approach frequency of Narita to monitor. It’s really lively, the entire Tokyo airspace is closed and controlled, so many flights are delayed because of this one plane, what a big face.”
"Something must have happened, otherwise the Tokyo area control would not have agreed to close the entire Tokyo airspace, and the impact would be too great." The middle-aged man thought for a while: "Just now the control was asking about the fuel status, and the crew reported that there were still 7 left. In minutes, the remaining fuel level has already reached the emergency fuel level. Since the emergency fuel level is already reached, why did the crew prefer to divert to Narita Airport instead of continuing to land at Yokohama Airport?"
The so-called emergency fuel quantity, which is a professional term in the aviation industry, means that when the flight lands at the nearest suitable airport, the estimated arrival fuel quantity is less than the fuel quantity required to maintain the flight time of 30 minutes.
The concept of maintaining a flight time of three to 10 minutes is also very strictly defined.The plane should be hovering at an altitude of 450 meters at the airport at the waiting speed, and the weight data used is the maximum zero fuel weight of the plane, and the error of the fuel gauge should also be taken into account.
Typically, this volume is set close to [-] pounds.
That is, if an aircraft, using the FMC fuel forecast, finds that it has less than [-] lbs of fuel remaining after landing, consider declaring a fuel emergency.
This is what ordinary people think as long as there is no shortage of fuel and flameout, it is not a big deal.In fact, this is not the case.Because the concept of margin is pursued in civil aviation.
Not only the pursuit of this concept in aircraft design leads to the backup of various systems, but also in actual operation.It is an extremely dangerous situation for an aircraft to stall due to lack of fuel, so regulations must establish a safety margin for this, which is the so-called emergency fuel.
Even if it landed safely in the end, but the fuel in the fuel tank was less than the emergency fuel level when the car was shut down, that would be an unsafe event.
At this moment, ANA Flight 45 is no longer an issue of emergency fuel. The premise of emergency fuel is that the plane can fly to the destination, and there is still enough fuel left to hover at an altitude of 450 meters at the airport for three to 10 minutes.
Now ANA flight 45 has only 7 minutes of fuel left. The situation is much more serious than the emergency fuel.To be able to fly like this, if it is not in a critical situation, then the flight crew must have a big problem.
To be honest, although the scale of Yokohama Airport is relatively good, the mainstream instrument landing system is available.Although the runway is not as wide as Narita Airport, it is not too narrow, and it is definitely enough.
In such an emergency situation of fuel, the crew abandoned Yokohama Airport and ventured to Narita Airport. What is the consideration?
"Whatever it is, anyway, in ten minutes or so, as soon as the plane lands, Tokyo airspace control will be cancelled, and we can leave." The back of the seat was lowered to the lowest level, and the whole person was lying on the seat: "By the way, it seems that you are going to change your license when you go back this time. When I came over, I saw your name on the license expiration list." gone."
"Huh?" The middle-aged man was a little surprised.
The expiration of the license is not the expiration of the qualification, just like the ID card will also expire, the license actually has a time limit.It's just that this validity period is very long, and many pilots don't even pay much attention to it.
The middle-aged man took out a small bag from the lining of his clothes, which contained his flight license.He definitely doesn’t need to bring this with him on vacation, but he needs to join the crew, and sometimes he will check the certificate, just in case, he brought his own license.
Of course, even if he checks his documents, he usually only checks the boarding pass of the flight attendant. He is a more cautious type.
After flipping through the license for a while, I saw the expiration date on the lower right corner of the second page. The middle-aged man smiled and said, "Really, I didn't even notice it unless you told me."
Next to the license expiration date is a pilot's personal signature, with a series of letters written on it, which is his name-Chesley Sullenberger.
At this moment, on ANA Flight 45, Xu Cang's forehead drooped on the collapsed mode control panel, and he asked weakly: "Narita approach, apply for use of runway 08."
"Number 08?" Sullenberger heard the words on the radio, and couldn't help looking at the front of the cockpit. The localizer and initial heading on the mode control panel are both set to 261, which means that at Haneda Airport In a moment they should be using runway 26 for departure.
Not to mention Sullenberger, the captain present was also a little strange: "Is it wrong? Narita should be the same as Haneda, and runway 26 is used here, so Narita should be the same."
"No. 08?" In the cockpit of ANA 45, the captain next to him was taken aback, and hurriedly said: "Xu Cang, the No. 26 should be used, and the No. 08 has a favorable wind."
Narita Airport is very close to Yokohama Airport, and the two airports are set up very close to each other in the direction of the runways, and the wind in this field is basically the same.Previously, Xu Cang and the others landed on runway 27 at Yokohama Airport, so they should use runway 26 at Narita Airport.
When contacting Yokohama Airport before, the approach frequency was informed of the local wind at Narita Airport.If you choose runway 08 to land, you need to bear a tailwind of about three meters.
Of course, this tailwind is within the standard, but in civil aviation, no, it should be the entire aviation industry. Landing against the wind is relatively simple common sense. How can there be a tailwind landing?
"I know." Xu Cang just replied.
Sure enough, Narita Airport Control also issued the same question: "ANA45, there is a three-meter tailwind for landing on runway 08, and runway 26 is usable."
The approach control at Narita Airport thought that Xu Cang misunderstood that runway 26 was unusable or ignored the influence of local wind.
However, Xu Cang soon explained the reason for choosing runway 08: "Narita approach, the fuel we calculated is only enough for us to approach once. Once we go around, we can't make a second approach. If we go around If it flies, we will not return, but will directly maintain the course and enter Tokyo Bay for ditching."
As soon as this remark came out, everyone in the cockpit of the US Airways plane on the ground was shocked.
"Crash landing in Tokyo Bay?" Sullenberger thought he heard it wrong: "Is that what he said?"
His Japanese level is very average, so he had to verify this shocking news with his friends.
In fact, the Japanese level of the captain present here is not much higher, but he nodded with great determination: "Yes, he meant to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay. No wonder he wants to apply for runway 08, even if he has to endure the influence of the tailwind .If I remember correctly, Narita runway 08 will be right in front of Tokyo Bay once the go-around. Is the fuel supply so urgent? There is not even enough fuel to turn to the third side.”
Tokyo Bay is just northeast of Narita Airport, if you land on the conventional runway 26.If the landing fails and the go-around is not successful, if you want to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, you need to make a 180-degree turn in the air.Normally, turning around may not be a big deal, but when the fuel supply is extremely tight, it is very likely that the plane will stall due to lack of fuel as soon as the go-around. At this time, altitude is everything, and turning is the easiest way to lose altitude. Cang must put an end to this fatal possibility no matter what.
"This guy is too calm. He knows what he wants, what risks he will take, and how to avoid these risks." The captain present praised.
People make mistakes, being prepared and unprepared are two completely different concepts.However, many people don't know how to judge the risks they may encounter in the future, let alone quickly analyze the solutions based on this.
This is the good quality of being calm and calm.
"However, is this the captain of ANA? The ditching is just a joke." The captain present asked curiously: "I really want to know whether it is necessary to bring it up so deliberately? It's not enough to just land, or just say What's wrong with the plane?"
At the end, the captain present suddenly felt something, looked back at Sullenberger, and found that he was looking out of the cockpit, and his brows were tightly frowned.
"What's wrong?" asked the captain present.
Sullenberger frowned more and more: "But Tokyo Bay can't make an emergency landing!"
"What do you mean?"
In the cockpit, even the co-pilot and the engineer couldn't help casting questioning glances at Sullingberg.
Sullenberger raised his hand and pointed to the distance.At the far end of his finger, a long dragon-like bridge spans east and west, and its location is just above Tokyo Bay.
"There is a bridge over Tokyo Bay." Sullenberger frowned: "Can this be forced to land in Tokyo Bay?"
However, in the cockpit of ANA Flight 45, Xu Cang hadn't thought of this yet.After all, he is just an ordinary person, and he will make mistakes, especially at the moment Xu Cang's physical condition is very bad.
On the issue of forced landing in Tokyo Bay, Xu Cang seemed to take it for granted.However, this is obviously not an easy question to think about, at least the captain of ANA Flight 45, who is a native of Tokyo, has no such awareness at all.
When he decided to go to Narita Airport for an alternate landing, Xu Cang revealed to him the decision to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay.Although I felt extremely shocked at the time, but after thinking about it, this is the only chance of survival that can be found.
Therefore, when Xu Cang wanted to approach Narita and mentioned the possibility of an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, the captain's reaction was not very strong.Of course, he still has a bridge across Tokyo Bay, and whether this bridge will cause any harm to the subsequent forced landing.As a native of Tokyo, he has no basic knowledge.
The captain's reaction was also quick: "Are you planning to go straight to Tokyo Bay for an emergency landing if the flight goes around on the 08th?"
The captain thought for a while, and couldn't help but marvel at Xu Cang's thoroughness. It really was all the links.
However, compared to the captain's acceptance ability, the performance of approach control at Narita Airport is obviously not that good.After Xu Cang raised the possibility of making an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, Narita approach control remained silent for a full minute and did not respond.
Xu Cang didn't urge him either, his head just leaned against the edge of the damaged mode control panel, and he didn't want to say a word if it wasn't necessary.
I don't know if it was because of excessive blood loss, but Xu Cang felt dizzy.
"What if they don't agree?" At this juncture, the captain became a little worried.
Xu Cang half-closed his eyes, his voice was weak but he had the firmest determination: "I'm not applying, I'm telling. Whether they agree or not has nothing to do with me. Once the flight goes around, the plane will make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay. That's for sure. .”
Xu Cang felt that he had the highest level of priority when it came to matters related to his own life and death.If the plane is out of fuel, it is impossible for them to turn. Turning is to consume the plane's precious altitude, which is to consume the chance of survival.
Xu Cang pondered for a moment: "Delay the landing gear for a while, and try to manually lower the landing gear again."
Since the release of the landing gear will bring more resistance to the aircraft, the fuel supply is already tight now, and it is obviously unwise to release the landing gear too early to consume more fuel.
When the fuel level was checked after the go-around at Yokohama Airport, it seemed that the aircraft was somewhat likely to be sufficient for a second approach based on rough calculations at the time.As a result, the more the plane flew towards Narita Airport, the more outrageous the FMC fuel forecast was.
Only then did Xu Cang realize that with the landing gear lowered, the FMC's fuel forecast was not accurate.The captain had to ask the captain to look up the performance table of landing gear extended in the performance chapter of QRH.
In this way, where is there any second approach?Since the front landing gear and the right landing gear have not been retracted, flying with the landing gear obviously consumes more fuel than in a clean state, making even a single approach fuel reserve somewhat stretched.
Even if you fly to Narita Airport, there is no [-]% guarantee. Consider the so-called second approach?
There is also a more fatal problem.That is, if a go-around, it is well known that the initial climbing stage of a go-around requires high thrust, even full thrust.
During the approach, during most of the descent, the average thrust can actually be kept at a relatively low level.But once the go-around, the throttle is close to full, and the fuel consumption will increase instantly. Such a large flow is fatal when the fuel is tight.
Therefore, Xu Cang gave up all fantasies about the second approach after asking the captain to check the landing gear lowering part in the performance chapter, and he was already ready for ditching in his heart.
Perhaps the only good thing is that Xu Cang made a ditching in the sea off the coast of Qizhou before, but that time he used an A320, so the situation is naturally slightly different.
Soon, Narita Airport gave a reply: "ANA45, we have contacted the maritime department. If there is any news, we will notify you immediately."
Sure enough, before a certain time when a decision must be made, avoidance is the best choice for the question of whether to agree to an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay.In any case, Tokyo Bay is an extremely busy port, with a large number of ships berthing and cruising in it.How can such waters be suitable for a large passenger plane to be forced to land?
However, under normal circumstances, it is not easy for the official to refuse directly, so it will be delayed.If ANA 45 landed safely at Narita Airport, then this choice would not be necessary.
Naturally, I will not take responsibility for what I said because of this choice.
How could Xu Cang not know what those people were thinking, but he didn't care, he just responded casually.
Afterwards, Xu Cang handed over the plane to the captain of the left seat, and he called the cabin crew in the internal voice, ordering the next matters.
"The plane will land at Narita Airport in about 15 minutes. Now, because of the landing gear, the plane is very likely to make a forced landing on the runway. You listen to our password and pay attention to the anti-collision posture instructions."
Because the chief purser is in poor health, the first-class flight attendant is now responsible for coordinating the cabin command.Compared with the flustered performance before, after emotional precipitation, the situation of the first-class flight attendants is much better now.
"Received." The first-class flight attendant said immediately.
Xu Cang paused: "Evacuate and listen to our password. If something unexpected happens and the cockpit cannot issue the evacuation command, you should call the cockpit as much as possible. If there is no response within 30 seconds, it is up to you to decide whether to evacuate, understand?"
It has to be said that Xu Cang explained quite clearly that he does not have the youthful feeling of being a co-pilot at all, but has the calmness of a captain on the contrary.
The first-class flight attendant silently wrote down: "I see."
"Also." Speaking of this, Xu Cang's tone was a little dignified: "If the plane pulls up at Narita Airport, we will not make a second approach, but will choose to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay."
"East Tokyo Bay?" Like everyone's reaction when they heard this decision for the first time, the first-class flight attendant almost stuttered in shock.Ditching is almost the most difficult form of evacuation, especially during emergency drills.
"I don't have time to explain to you why we made an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, that's how it is. As long as we pull up at Narita Airport, we will definitely make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay. Maybe we can't remind you in time at that time, you can rely on yourselves Somatosensory judgment. As soon as the plane pulls up, it is a signal to change from a land forced landing to a water forced landing." Xu Cang said solemnly.
Forced landing on land and forced landing on water are two completely different concepts. If you are not prepared enough, it is easy to cause major accidents during evacuation.However, it is almost foreseeable that once it is pulled up at Narita Airport, it will basically be at the point of running out of fuel and lights at that time, and the cockpit may not be able to manage the cabin, and there will be no time to issue commands.
Therefore, Xu Cang had to take advantage of this moment to explain everything to the first-class flight attendant.When necessary, everything is judged by the flight attendant himself.
"Taking advantage of the last time, you should check the evacuation procedures of the two forced landings, assign work, and especially determine the position of the life raft. Do you know where the life raft is on the luggage rack?"
The first-class flight attendant was shocked: "I know. What about the life jacket?"
"Put it on now, hurry up!" Xu Cang ordered.
Once pulled from Narita to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, the time interval will be very short, and it is not enough to put on life jackets, so passengers can only wear them in advance.
"Okay, I see." The first-class flight attendant nodded emphatically, acting like an acting flight attendant.
Xu Cang recalled it in his heart, and seemed to have nothing to explain, he just said: "Let my friend answer the phone."
Soon, Xia Shuyue's voice rang from the other side of the phone: "Brother, did you call me?"
"Shuyue, you are not allowed to participate in the evacuation when the plane makes an emergency landing. Listen to me, you are the passenger. Once the flight attendant announces the evacuation, you will evacuate with the passengers. Do you understand?" Xu Cang's voice was raised a few times in a rare way points, even a little harsh.
At this time, Xia Shuyue was sensible and did not add any burden to Xu Cang: "Brother, don't worry, I will take care of myself."
Xu Cang was very pleased, Xia Shuyue sometimes acted like a little girl, but at critical moments, she was not sticky at all, so Xu Cang liked it even more.
After hanging up the internal call, Xu Cang took off the headset and threw it aside, as if he had collapsed.
"A single wheel landing, are you confident?" Xu Cang said indifferently.
When this question was mentioned, the captain was silent for a while, didn't say anything, just shook his head.He could tell that Xu Cang's condition was very poor, but to be honest, he was indeed unsure and seriously lacking in confidence.
Xu Cang clenched his fist with his right hand and then released it, clenched it again, and let it go again, repeating this process.The captain couldn't see what Xu Cang's little action meant, but instinctively felt something was wrong.
"Can you steer it?" the captain asked carefully, knowing that Xu Cang's right hand is the hand holding the steering wheel.
The reason why Xu Cang kept clenching his fists was because he felt that his grip strength was not as good as before. This was not sudden and aimless, but it was caused by excessive blood loss and weakness in his body.
Xu Cang stroked the steering wheel, and in this situation, he could only nod his head: "Let me control it."
"What about the gas pedal?"
Xu Cang's right hand is fine, but his left hand is injured, and the palm is still wrapped with a thick bandage, it seems that it is not convenient to operate the accelerator.The captain thought that if necessary, he could act as Xu Cang's left hand and let him control the throttle of both engines.
However, Xu Cang shook his head: "No need, I will do it myself."
Fortunately, the throttle lever only has two strokes, forward and backward.Although it may be more painful, Xu Cang still feels that it is safer to cooperate with him.
"Xu Cang, I heard that you have completed a ditching in China. Shall we skip the single-wheel landing and do a ditching directly?" the captain asked.
Xu Cang's reputation for completing a ditching off the coast of Qizhou has spread abroad.In any case, ditching is an extremely amazing operation, and it is the same in any country.
It is even said that the flight department of ANA organized a study on Xu Cang's ditching in Qizhou.
There is a set of procedures for ditching.However, there is only a set of procedures, and having procedures does not mean success.The water entry angle and speed of ditching will directly affect the survival rate.
However, water is impermanent, who can guarantee that the angle and speed of entering the water are the most suitable?
Xu Cang is no exception!
"Do you think ditching on water is easier than ditching on the runway?" Xu Cang felt helpless.The captain has never experienced a ditching. Perhaps he also knows that a ditching is difficult, but he has no clear idea of how difficult it is. It is difficult to judge this kind of thing without experiencing it personally.
The captain's thoughts seemed a little simple. He felt that Xu Cang had done a ditching before, and with experience, the success rate should be relatively high.In view of his infinite fear of one-wheel landing, he sincerely hoped to skip the one-wheel landing and progress to Xu Cang's more proficient ditching.
The captain didn't know how to answer Xu Cang's words, and he held back for a while before he said: "I just feel that you have had successful experience."
"Some experiences cannot be used for reference." Xu Cang sighed: "And, there is a more important reason."
Xu Cang said, pointing to the broken windshield: "In this case, do you still think ditching is a good idea?"
The captain took a breath, he completely forgot about the windshield.Indeed, once the windshield is broken, a huge amount of water will pour into the cockpit once the water is forced to land. People in the cockpit will be very, very dangerous, and they will drown if they are not careful.
"Once we choose to ditch, we really risk our lives."
In Xu Cang's view, the forced landing in Tokyo Bay is not a good way out from all angles, it's just a desperate struggle with nowhere to go.
"I see." The captain lowered his head dejectedly, and his mood seemed to drop a bit.
He still thought too simply, and his perception of future dangers was still not accurate enough.The real crisis is much more serious than he expected.
There is also a lifejacket in the cockpit, but the inflated lifejacket will seriously affect the pilot's control, so neither Xu Cang nor the captain intends to wear the lifejacket.
However, with the cooperation of the two, the captain devoted his energy to inflating the two life jackets.Then put the inflated lifejackets on each side of the two people.If you ditch, even if you don't have time to put it on, it's at least a good idea to grab the inflatable life jacket.
Moreover, for Xu Cang who is not good at water, this inflatable life jacket is even more precious.
Prepare everything, the aircraft will be controlled by the captain in advance, and Xu Cang will save his strength, and then hand over the control of the aircraft to Xu Cang after a low altitude.
At this time, the benefits of clearing the airspace are so obvious.From the beginning to the end, the entire Tokyo airspace has only one plane of ANA Flight 45 flying.
In order to save fuel, Narita approach control is naturally guided to the final side by radar.The operation here is not difficult. The captain was not used to watching the ground speed and the cockpit altimeter at the beginning, but after a period of time, he was able to allocate his energy relatively skillfully.
Narita had no problems with glideslope instability, so the approach control directed the aircraft to cut the final at about eight nautical miles.Under Xu Cang's command, the plane started to slow down from the smooth configuration at three nautical miles from the cut-in point.
During the period, Xu Cang held the plate with his right hand: "Let's put the landing gear manually."
At this time, it is a race against time. In order to save fuel as much as possible, the two of them postponed the flaps before, and the length of cutting into the fifth side is not enough. His movements must be faster, otherwise, the speed may not be easy to slow down. up.
When doing the maneuver, the speed has been reduced to 180 knots at flap five, which is naturally in line with the 270 knots gear release speed limit.
After confirming that there was no problem with the speed, the captain immediately unfastened the seat belt, pulled the seat back, and leaned back.Open the manual landing gear cover on the entrance floor, and pull out all the manual landing gear handles of the nose gear and the right landing gear.
After the manual extension handle is pulled out, the lock is released when the handle is pulled to the limit.It stands to reason that at this time, the red indicator lights of the front landing gear and the right landing gear will be on.
But what is more embarrassing is that the red indicator lights of the front landing gear and the right landing gear are already on.
That being the case, the captain didn't care.After the last manual landing gear handle was pulled out, I counted silently for 15 seconds, and then lowered the landing gear handle without hesitation.
As the landing gear handle was lowered, the captain immediately set his eyes on the landing gear indicator, yelling in his heart to put it down quickly.
However, after waiting for a few seconds, the green light of the left landing gear was already on, but the front landing gear and the right landing gear were still the same as before, only the red light was on.
The captain raised his head and looked at the spare landing gear indicator on the rear roof. The green light of the left landing gear was also on, but the other two did not respond at all.
"Damn it!" Even Xu Cang, who was always in a calm state of mind, couldn't stop fluctuating in his heart at this moment.However, he quickly adjusted his mood, and immediately issued a password: "Execute part or all of the landing gear and collect the landing checklist."
"Okay!" Although the captain's expression was not very good-looking, he still carried out Xu Cang's request seriously.
"Set flaps forty reference speed."
After the operation on the CDU, the captain pulled out the audible landing gear warning jumper switch of P6-3:D18 against the airflow. This is to prevent the audible landing gear warning from appearing when the landing gear is retracted and the landing flaps are selected.
Afterwards, pull out the flight control automatic speedbrake trip switch of P6-2:B9, this is to prevent the ground spoiler from being released accidentally after landing.
"Automatic braking without arming, speedbrake not arming." The captain confirmed with Xu Cang: "After landing, use manual brakes, and I will manually control the speedbrake."
At this time, the plane had cut into the final flight path, Xu Cang slowly closed the accelerator and began to decelerate.
Xu Cang tried his best to control the accelerator with his fingers to avoid touching the wound on his palm.However, even with such care, when driving the thrust handle, the wound on the palm can still be affected, which is very uncomfortable.
However, at this point, Xu Cang was on the verge of breaking out, and had no choice but to give up.
As the plane slowed down, the captain kept the flaps at 151: "Add five to the wind correction, three meters with a tailwind, and a reference speed of [-]."
The mode control panel was damaged, and the captain could no longer adjust the reference speed. He could only give Xu Cang a voice prompt, but this was enough for Xu Cang.
At a height of [-] feet, the tower gave the landing permission, and Xu Cang did the last landing procedure preview: "After landing, release the speedbrake and listen to my password. It is expected that the landing gear, nose and engine nacelle will touch the runway. , put out the speedbrakes. Don't use thrust reverser, when the flare starts, you shut yourself off, etc. I was wrong, don't turn off the fuel pump."
Xu Cang shook his head, closed the landing checklist according to the normal part or all of the landing gear, and all the fuel pump switches need to be closed when the landing is leveled.
However, Xu Cang had to consider the go-around.If all the fuel pump switches are turned off, wouldn't the engine be completely turned off?
However, even if the fuel pump switch is not turned off, the engine may not be able to last for too long. The fuel level on both sides has bottomed out. The low fuel level warning has appeared a long time ago.
The captain's heart tightened, Xu Cang's reaction just now was not a good sign, which showed that Xu Cang's physical condition was really bad, and it began to affect his thinking ability.
However, at this moment, the captain couldn't say anything. Most importantly, he didn't have the confidence to take over.
"Approach landing gear inhibit switch, inhibit! The engine bleed air switch is closed." After the captain finished the last bit of work, he directly switched the transmitter of the communication panel to the passenger announcement PA: "The crew are on their positions."
As before, Xu Cang still planned to rely entirely on the blind landing signal from the instrument to let the plane descend to a sufficiently low altitude, such as fifty feet.Xu Cang still has some confidence in his ability to control, he believes that he can rely on the unguided blind landing signal and fall all the way to fifty feet.
In fact, the five-sided airflow at Narita Airport is not strong, and everything seems to be in line with Xu Cang's prediction.His intention was to touch down with a slight left bank, let the left main wheel touch down first, then decelerate softly and consistently as the bank returned.
The reason why speedbrakes and thrust reversers cannot be used in this situation is that once used, the aircraft will not be able to maintain a gentle deceleration state, so that the fuselage part of the aircraft will contact the road surface prematurely. At high speeds, it may cause The fuselage disintegrates or the fuselage ignites the fuel under friction and explodes.
How to touch the ground and what slope to touch the ground has been rehearsed countless times in Xu Cang's mind, and the airflow on the five sides is quite face-saving, and Xu Cang has not given any extra burden.However, in fact, Xu Cang had an uneasy thought in his heart, that is, Narita Airport was too close to Tokyo Bay.
The airflow where the water and land meet is usually not too stable, especially at low altitudes.
However, when it was close to the sky above the runway, Xu Cang immediately looked outside against the air current as the radio altitude of [-] feet was reported.
According to the plan, the moment Xu Cang looks out, he will start to press the plate to the left, but the amount of this pressure plate will be very small, and in order to offset the control input of the left pressure plate, Xu Cang will simultaneously press the rudder to the right.
This amount must not be too much, otherwise once the plane forms an obvious sideslip, it will easily sink uncontrollably.
Twenty feet!
How fine is Xu Cang's maneuvering, after making a slight left bank, the plane is actually firmly maintained on the center line of the runway, unbiased.If this moment is a critical moment of life and death, the captain in the left seat will definitely be addicted to Xu Cang's incomparable exquisite manipulation.
It's simply art.
Ten feet!
As if the heavens were so beautiful, even at such a low altitude, the airflow still didn't show at all.
"Success!"
Even Xu Cang had such an idea at this time.
However, at the moment when Xu Cang had this idea, as if to take care of Xu Cang's slight slack, just before the left landing gear was about to touch down, an unknown airflow rose suddenly.The balance maintained by Xu Cang is so exquisite but extremely fragile, it seems to be the porcelain that will break when touched.
If all these changes happened earlier, it would be enough to attract Xu Cang's attention and correction.
Before that, Xu Cang was worried because of the location of Narita Airport.But until it was below ten feet, the plane was stable and stable, and everything developed according to Xu Cang's control.It is said that the half-ninety to one hundred miles, and Xu Cang fell at the last step before the finish line.
He was too tired, physical fatigue had affected his mental concentration.At the moment before landing, Xu Cang still showed his helplessness as an ordinary person.However, in fact, everything is doomed.Even if Xu Cang didn't have a little distraction, he could still maintain strong concentration for a long time like a normal person, but the timing of this air current was so coincidental that even if Xu Cang discovered it at the first time, there was nothing he could do. .
This airflow is actually not strong. It just blows gently from the left side of the plane to the right side, as if smoothing the wrinkled lake surface. By the time the landing gear touched down, the aircraft had begun to roll to the right.
At this moment, Xu Cang already knew that this landing was a failure, a complete and complete failure, and there was no possibility of turning around.
However, fortunately, Xu Cang was only distracted for a moment, which doesn't mean he didn't know his current situation.Without the slightest hesitation, the matter has come to this point, and the forced landing is basically the only way to destroy the machine and kill people.
As soon as the accelerator was fully charged, amidst the roar of the huge engine, the left landing gear touched the road surface like a superficial touch, and then separated immediately, and the plane immediately rose from the ground.
The moment the plane left the ground, an idea came into Xu Cang's mind uncontrollably, an idea based on the escaping instinct under the most primitive fear.If it is directly transferred in place and lands on another runway at Narita Airport, will there be such a slight possibility of success?
The reason why Xu Cang didn't plan to turn around on the spot before, and then land in the opposite direction on the same runway.One is that the altitude will be lost extremely quickly when turning. If the engine is short of fuel and the engine is turned off on the way, the altitude will not be supported at all, which is extremely dangerous.The second is due to the existence of the turning radius. In fact, if the plane wants to turn back and land in the opposite direction, the actual turning angle must exceed 360 degrees.
However, there is also a parallel runway at Narita Airport. If you turn right after climbing, you can land without considering the turning radius.However, there is a big problem, that is, the parallel runway is under construction, and nearly half of the runway is actually unusable.
Landing on such a short runway is actually very, very difficult.
However, for some reason, Xu Cang followed like a demon, wanting to turn right and cut directly to the fifth side of the parallel runway.
However, the moment Xu Cang had this idea, the No. [-] engine vibrated violently, and turned off at this critical moment.Of course, this is not unexpected. When the plane is leveled, the fuel volume of the two main fuel tanks has actually returned to zero.After the engine consumed the residual fuel in the pipeline, it stalled without accident.
Xu Cang's reaction was quick. The moment the No. [-] engine was turned off, he pressed against the left rudder, and at the same time ordered the captain to retract the flaps. Close it.
"Are we turning right onto runway 25?"
While the captain was busy, Xu Cang suddenly said this.
The captain's expression changed suddenly. They had actually considered this plan.However, Xu Cang himself denied it at the time.The No. 25 engine has already stalled, and the No. [-] engine will also stall in a very short period of time. So the altitude is the most precious at this moment. How could it be possible to cut into runway [-] under a sharp turn?
Moreover, half of runway 25 is under construction, even if the plane has cut through, whether it can land on the runway is still a question mark.
All in all, cutting runway 25 is an almost impossible option to be approved.However, during this time, Xu Cang brought up the old matter again.
The captain just wanted to persuade, but the moment he turned his head, he saw Xu Cang's pale side face.That face, which was still immature, was also full of fear.
"It turns out that he will be afraid too!" The captain thought to himself at the moment.
Yes, how can you not be afraid?The plan of cutting into runway 25 seems to be fatal, so is the method of making an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay really good?Even if they enter the water normally, the subsequent water pouring into the cockpit may drown them. In this plan, the two people in the cockpit are actually close to death.
Even though he has been on the verge of life and death so many times, Xu Cang still couldn't help feeling the fear from the inside out when he touched the moment of death again.
Humans are such emotional creatures.
"Aren't you afraid?" Xu Cang asked suddenly.
The captain who had been acting obedient to Xu Cang before was relieved at this moment, and he smiled: "Xu Cang, don't let fear blind your eyes."
Xu Cang trembled all over, facing the violent air current, Xu Cang opened his eyes slightly: "But when I saw the past clearly, it was a scene that made me feel desperate."
"What?" The captain was startled, half-closed his eyes, and looked outside, right in front of the plane, the huge and vast Tokyo Bay unfolded in front of his eyes.There are many ships in Tokyo Bay, but most of them are parked on the shore, and there is a large open area in the middle.
This should be a water field suitable for forced landing, but a huge bridge connecting the two banks divides the entire Tokyo Bay into two.
"Not enough to make a forced landing?" The captain's face was ashen.
Before, he supported ditching, because it considered the pilot's technology, and technology can be used to reduce the risk.The plan of turning right and cutting into runway 25 is not only extremely dangerous, but also very lucky, and it is impossible for the pilot to decide his own destiny.
But now, the forced landing in Tokyo Bay, which had originally given the captain all hope, presented a scene of despair in his eyes.
The bridge divides the body of water into two, neither part of which can support the forced landing of a large airliner.
"This" the captain never expected that things would turn out like this: "It shouldn't be like this, how could it be like this?"
He even forgot that there was a bridge over Tokyo Bay. As a Tokyo native, he even forgot this just now.
Just when the captain was extremely remorseful, the only remaining No. [-] engine spewed out faint black smoke and began to vibrate slightly.The captain's muscles tensed all of a sudden, which was a very, very bad omen.
The number one engine is also dying.
"Xu Cang!" The captain's heart was pounding, and he seemed to have smelled the breath of death.Perhaps, just now, according to Xu Cang's intention, we should turn right and cut into runway 25, so as to give it a try?
The captain gritted his teeth: "I forgot about this bridge, I should have reminded you."
Xu Cang is not a local, so he didn't expect it to be normal.But he made such a big mistake, directly costing the lives of the entire plane.
Xu Cang's eyes opened slightly, as if the strong airflow could no longer affect his eyes: "Is there a bridge, then let's cross it!"
"What did you say?" The captain was taken aback, obviously he didn't understand what Xu Cang meant.
"Thank you for reminding me just now." Xu Cang straightened his back. At this moment, he was no longer afraid.That's how people are. For a moment, they suddenly feel very scared, but as long as they cross that hurdle, everything will suddenly become clear.
What about Tokyo Bay, which is divided into two, and what about the bridge like a natural moat?
It's time for the Japanese to see what is the peak strength in the world!
Among them, a US Airways 747 in a corner of the airport belongs to the affected type.
Originally, they were supposed to launch it 10 minutes ago, but after the trailer was hooked up, they were informed that the Tokyo airspace control canceled the launch. The specific opening time of the airspace has not yet been determined, so they can only wait.
There are two sets of this all-American plane, one of which is still lying in the crew lounge on the second floor, and another in the first-class cabin of the plane, there is a man in casual clothes with gray beard and hair, who looks 50 years old.
Unlike other well-dressed distinguished guests in the first-class cabin, he didn't seem to be that extravagant, and he was also covered with ordinary clothes.
Just now the captain broadcast the delay notice, so that many eager passengers have already started to complain.But this middle-aged man had a calm mind, picked up the magazine on the plane, and flipped through it casually.
Suddenly, a tall flight attendant came over and whispered next to the middle-aged man: "Captain, the cockpit let you go over."
That's right, the flight attendant was calling the middle-aged man the captain.In fact, this person is indeed the captain of US Airways, but he is the captain of the A320 aircraft. This time he came to Japan for vacation, and it happened to join his own company's crew on the return trip, which was very convenient.
The middle-aged man snapped the magazine shut: "Long delay?"
He knew the captain in charge of this flight, and the two had a good relationship.The cockpit invited him in. The only explanation was that the delay was too long. The friend in the cockpit invited him in to chat to pass the time.
"I didn't say it before." The flight attendant didn't know the specific situation either.
The middle-aged man looked at his watch and sighed helplessly: "Block it."
After speaking, he stood up and followed the flight attendant to the front cabin workshop. After the flight attendant closed the curtain, the cockpit door opened, and the middle-aged man stepped in.
This 747 is the oldest 100 model, and there is an engineer on it. There are various instruments and switches densely packed, and non-professional personnel may be dazzled when they see these instrument switches.
Unlike the toilet-style cockpit space of the 737, the cockpit space of the 747 is still slightly larger. The middle-aged man found a seat and sat down naturally after entering: "How long is the delay?"
"I don't know, but it seems that there will be a delay." The captain present pointed to the second VHF on the communication panel: "This is the frequency of the Narita approach, listen."
"Huh?" The middle-aged man raised his eyebrows and listened attentively. Sure enough, the sound of approaching Narita Airport soon came from the frequency: "ANA45, descending altitude 320 feet, heading 1013, corrected sea pressure [-], reported fuel oil. time left."
"The lower altitude is 320 feet, the heading is 1013, the corrected sea pressure is 7, and the remaining fuel is [-] and [-] minutes."
The middle-aged man was stunned for a moment, and pushed the back of the captain's seat: "ANA45? Is there something wrong with this flight? Are you running out of fuel?"
"It seems to be. Now the entire Tokyo airspace is giving way to this plane, and the airspace control is because of this plane." The captain said.
The middle-aged man showed a puzzled expression: "It shouldn't be, one plane controls the entire Tokyo airspace? What is such a serious problem."
"Who knows!" The captain shrugged: "My friend heard some information on the frequency of the Tokyo area control. It seems that this All Nippon Airways plane went to Yokohama for an alternate landing, but for some reason, it was changed to an alternate landing." Landed at Narita Airport."
The middle-aged man rolled his eyes: "Isn't this quite clear, and I haven't figured out the reason yet?"
"Uh..." The captain on the seat was a little embarrassed: "My friend is like us, he can only understand some simple Japanese sentences. It is good enough to hear that this All Nippon Airways plane is diverting to Narita. He still called Me, let me adjust the approach frequency of Narita to monitor. It’s really lively, the entire Tokyo airspace is closed and controlled, so many flights are delayed because of this one plane, what a big face.”
"Something must have happened, otherwise the Tokyo area control would not have agreed to close the entire Tokyo airspace, and the impact would be too great." The middle-aged man thought for a while: "Just now the control was asking about the fuel status, and the crew reported that there were still 7 left. In minutes, the remaining fuel level has already reached the emergency fuel level. Since the emergency fuel level is already reached, why did the crew prefer to divert to Narita Airport instead of continuing to land at Yokohama Airport?"
The so-called emergency fuel quantity, which is a professional term in the aviation industry, means that when the flight lands at the nearest suitable airport, the estimated arrival fuel quantity is less than the fuel quantity required to maintain the flight time of 30 minutes.
The concept of maintaining a flight time of three to 10 minutes is also very strictly defined.The plane should be hovering at an altitude of 450 meters at the airport at the waiting speed, and the weight data used is the maximum zero fuel weight of the plane, and the error of the fuel gauge should also be taken into account.
Typically, this volume is set close to [-] pounds.
That is, if an aircraft, using the FMC fuel forecast, finds that it has less than [-] lbs of fuel remaining after landing, consider declaring a fuel emergency.
This is what ordinary people think as long as there is no shortage of fuel and flameout, it is not a big deal.In fact, this is not the case.Because the concept of margin is pursued in civil aviation.
Not only the pursuit of this concept in aircraft design leads to the backup of various systems, but also in actual operation.It is an extremely dangerous situation for an aircraft to stall due to lack of fuel, so regulations must establish a safety margin for this, which is the so-called emergency fuel.
Even if it landed safely in the end, but the fuel in the fuel tank was less than the emergency fuel level when the car was shut down, that would be an unsafe event.
At this moment, ANA Flight 45 is no longer an issue of emergency fuel. The premise of emergency fuel is that the plane can fly to the destination, and there is still enough fuel left to hover at an altitude of 450 meters at the airport for three to 10 minutes.
Now ANA flight 45 has only 7 minutes of fuel left. The situation is much more serious than the emergency fuel.To be able to fly like this, if it is not in a critical situation, then the flight crew must have a big problem.
To be honest, although the scale of Yokohama Airport is relatively good, the mainstream instrument landing system is available.Although the runway is not as wide as Narita Airport, it is not too narrow, and it is definitely enough.
In such an emergency situation of fuel, the crew abandoned Yokohama Airport and ventured to Narita Airport. What is the consideration?
"Whatever it is, anyway, in ten minutes or so, as soon as the plane lands, Tokyo airspace control will be cancelled, and we can leave." The back of the seat was lowered to the lowest level, and the whole person was lying on the seat: "By the way, it seems that you are going to change your license when you go back this time. When I came over, I saw your name on the license expiration list." gone."
"Huh?" The middle-aged man was a little surprised.
The expiration of the license is not the expiration of the qualification, just like the ID card will also expire, the license actually has a time limit.It's just that this validity period is very long, and many pilots don't even pay much attention to it.
The middle-aged man took out a small bag from the lining of his clothes, which contained his flight license.He definitely doesn’t need to bring this with him on vacation, but he needs to join the crew, and sometimes he will check the certificate, just in case, he brought his own license.
Of course, even if he checks his documents, he usually only checks the boarding pass of the flight attendant. He is a more cautious type.
After flipping through the license for a while, I saw the expiration date on the lower right corner of the second page. The middle-aged man smiled and said, "Really, I didn't even notice it unless you told me."
Next to the license expiration date is a pilot's personal signature, with a series of letters written on it, which is his name-Chesley Sullenberger.
At this moment, on ANA Flight 45, Xu Cang's forehead drooped on the collapsed mode control panel, and he asked weakly: "Narita approach, apply for use of runway 08."
"Number 08?" Sullenberger heard the words on the radio, and couldn't help looking at the front of the cockpit. The localizer and initial heading on the mode control panel are both set to 261, which means that at Haneda Airport In a moment they should be using runway 26 for departure.
Not to mention Sullenberger, the captain present was also a little strange: "Is it wrong? Narita should be the same as Haneda, and runway 26 is used here, so Narita should be the same."
"No. 08?" In the cockpit of ANA 45, the captain next to him was taken aback, and hurriedly said: "Xu Cang, the No. 26 should be used, and the No. 08 has a favorable wind."
Narita Airport is very close to Yokohama Airport, and the two airports are set up very close to each other in the direction of the runways, and the wind in this field is basically the same.Previously, Xu Cang and the others landed on runway 27 at Yokohama Airport, so they should use runway 26 at Narita Airport.
When contacting Yokohama Airport before, the approach frequency was informed of the local wind at Narita Airport.If you choose runway 08 to land, you need to bear a tailwind of about three meters.
Of course, this tailwind is within the standard, but in civil aviation, no, it should be the entire aviation industry. Landing against the wind is relatively simple common sense. How can there be a tailwind landing?
"I know." Xu Cang just replied.
Sure enough, Narita Airport Control also issued the same question: "ANA45, there is a three-meter tailwind for landing on runway 08, and runway 26 is usable."
The approach control at Narita Airport thought that Xu Cang misunderstood that runway 26 was unusable or ignored the influence of local wind.
However, Xu Cang soon explained the reason for choosing runway 08: "Narita approach, the fuel we calculated is only enough for us to approach once. Once we go around, we can't make a second approach. If we go around If it flies, we will not return, but will directly maintain the course and enter Tokyo Bay for ditching."
As soon as this remark came out, everyone in the cockpit of the US Airways plane on the ground was shocked.
"Crash landing in Tokyo Bay?" Sullenberger thought he heard it wrong: "Is that what he said?"
His Japanese level is very average, so he had to verify this shocking news with his friends.
In fact, the Japanese level of the captain present here is not much higher, but he nodded with great determination: "Yes, he meant to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay. No wonder he wants to apply for runway 08, even if he has to endure the influence of the tailwind .If I remember correctly, Narita runway 08 will be right in front of Tokyo Bay once the go-around. Is the fuel supply so urgent? There is not even enough fuel to turn to the third side.”
Tokyo Bay is just northeast of Narita Airport, if you land on the conventional runway 26.If the landing fails and the go-around is not successful, if you want to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, you need to make a 180-degree turn in the air.Normally, turning around may not be a big deal, but when the fuel supply is extremely tight, it is very likely that the plane will stall due to lack of fuel as soon as the go-around. At this time, altitude is everything, and turning is the easiest way to lose altitude. Cang must put an end to this fatal possibility no matter what.
"This guy is too calm. He knows what he wants, what risks he will take, and how to avoid these risks." The captain present praised.
People make mistakes, being prepared and unprepared are two completely different concepts.However, many people don't know how to judge the risks they may encounter in the future, let alone quickly analyze the solutions based on this.
This is the good quality of being calm and calm.
"However, is this the captain of ANA? The ditching is just a joke." The captain present asked curiously: "I really want to know whether it is necessary to bring it up so deliberately? It's not enough to just land, or just say What's wrong with the plane?"
At the end, the captain present suddenly felt something, looked back at Sullenberger, and found that he was looking out of the cockpit, and his brows were tightly frowned.
"What's wrong?" asked the captain present.
Sullenberger frowned more and more: "But Tokyo Bay can't make an emergency landing!"
"What do you mean?"
In the cockpit, even the co-pilot and the engineer couldn't help casting questioning glances at Sullingberg.
Sullenberger raised his hand and pointed to the distance.At the far end of his finger, a long dragon-like bridge spans east and west, and its location is just above Tokyo Bay.
"There is a bridge over Tokyo Bay." Sullenberger frowned: "Can this be forced to land in Tokyo Bay?"
However, in the cockpit of ANA Flight 45, Xu Cang hadn't thought of this yet.After all, he is just an ordinary person, and he will make mistakes, especially at the moment Xu Cang's physical condition is very bad.
On the issue of forced landing in Tokyo Bay, Xu Cang seemed to take it for granted.However, this is obviously not an easy question to think about, at least the captain of ANA Flight 45, who is a native of Tokyo, has no such awareness at all.
When he decided to go to Narita Airport for an alternate landing, Xu Cang revealed to him the decision to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay.Although I felt extremely shocked at the time, but after thinking about it, this is the only chance of survival that can be found.
Therefore, when Xu Cang wanted to approach Narita and mentioned the possibility of an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, the captain's reaction was not very strong.Of course, he still has a bridge across Tokyo Bay, and whether this bridge will cause any harm to the subsequent forced landing.As a native of Tokyo, he has no basic knowledge.
The captain's reaction was also quick: "Are you planning to go straight to Tokyo Bay for an emergency landing if the flight goes around on the 08th?"
The captain thought for a while, and couldn't help but marvel at Xu Cang's thoroughness. It really was all the links.
However, compared to the captain's acceptance ability, the performance of approach control at Narita Airport is obviously not that good.After Xu Cang raised the possibility of making an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, Narita approach control remained silent for a full minute and did not respond.
Xu Cang didn't urge him either, his head just leaned against the edge of the damaged mode control panel, and he didn't want to say a word if it wasn't necessary.
I don't know if it was because of excessive blood loss, but Xu Cang felt dizzy.
"What if they don't agree?" At this juncture, the captain became a little worried.
Xu Cang half-closed his eyes, his voice was weak but he had the firmest determination: "I'm not applying, I'm telling. Whether they agree or not has nothing to do with me. Once the flight goes around, the plane will make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay. That's for sure. .”
Xu Cang felt that he had the highest level of priority when it came to matters related to his own life and death.If the plane is out of fuel, it is impossible for them to turn. Turning is to consume the plane's precious altitude, which is to consume the chance of survival.
Xu Cang pondered for a moment: "Delay the landing gear for a while, and try to manually lower the landing gear again."
Since the release of the landing gear will bring more resistance to the aircraft, the fuel supply is already tight now, and it is obviously unwise to release the landing gear too early to consume more fuel.
When the fuel level was checked after the go-around at Yokohama Airport, it seemed that the aircraft was somewhat likely to be sufficient for a second approach based on rough calculations at the time.As a result, the more the plane flew towards Narita Airport, the more outrageous the FMC fuel forecast was.
Only then did Xu Cang realize that with the landing gear lowered, the FMC's fuel forecast was not accurate.The captain had to ask the captain to look up the performance table of landing gear extended in the performance chapter of QRH.
In this way, where is there any second approach?Since the front landing gear and the right landing gear have not been retracted, flying with the landing gear obviously consumes more fuel than in a clean state, making even a single approach fuel reserve somewhat stretched.
Even if you fly to Narita Airport, there is no [-]% guarantee. Consider the so-called second approach?
There is also a more fatal problem.That is, if a go-around, it is well known that the initial climbing stage of a go-around requires high thrust, even full thrust.
During the approach, during most of the descent, the average thrust can actually be kept at a relatively low level.But once the go-around, the throttle is close to full, and the fuel consumption will increase instantly. Such a large flow is fatal when the fuel is tight.
Therefore, Xu Cang gave up all fantasies about the second approach after asking the captain to check the landing gear lowering part in the performance chapter, and he was already ready for ditching in his heart.
Perhaps the only good thing is that Xu Cang made a ditching in the sea off the coast of Qizhou before, but that time he used an A320, so the situation is naturally slightly different.
Soon, Narita Airport gave a reply: "ANA45, we have contacted the maritime department. If there is any news, we will notify you immediately."
Sure enough, before a certain time when a decision must be made, avoidance is the best choice for the question of whether to agree to an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay.In any case, Tokyo Bay is an extremely busy port, with a large number of ships berthing and cruising in it.How can such waters be suitable for a large passenger plane to be forced to land?
However, under normal circumstances, it is not easy for the official to refuse directly, so it will be delayed.If ANA 45 landed safely at Narita Airport, then this choice would not be necessary.
Naturally, I will not take responsibility for what I said because of this choice.
How could Xu Cang not know what those people were thinking, but he didn't care, he just responded casually.
Afterwards, Xu Cang handed over the plane to the captain of the left seat, and he called the cabin crew in the internal voice, ordering the next matters.
"The plane will land at Narita Airport in about 15 minutes. Now, because of the landing gear, the plane is very likely to make a forced landing on the runway. You listen to our password and pay attention to the anti-collision posture instructions."
Because the chief purser is in poor health, the first-class flight attendant is now responsible for coordinating the cabin command.Compared with the flustered performance before, after emotional precipitation, the situation of the first-class flight attendants is much better now.
"Received." The first-class flight attendant said immediately.
Xu Cang paused: "Evacuate and listen to our password. If something unexpected happens and the cockpit cannot issue the evacuation command, you should call the cockpit as much as possible. If there is no response within 30 seconds, it is up to you to decide whether to evacuate, understand?"
It has to be said that Xu Cang explained quite clearly that he does not have the youthful feeling of being a co-pilot at all, but has the calmness of a captain on the contrary.
The first-class flight attendant silently wrote down: "I see."
"Also." Speaking of this, Xu Cang's tone was a little dignified: "If the plane pulls up at Narita Airport, we will not make a second approach, but will choose to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay."
"East Tokyo Bay?" Like everyone's reaction when they heard this decision for the first time, the first-class flight attendant almost stuttered in shock.Ditching is almost the most difficult form of evacuation, especially during emergency drills.
"I don't have time to explain to you why we made an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, that's how it is. As long as we pull up at Narita Airport, we will definitely make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay. Maybe we can't remind you in time at that time, you can rely on yourselves Somatosensory judgment. As soon as the plane pulls up, it is a signal to change from a land forced landing to a water forced landing." Xu Cang said solemnly.
Forced landing on land and forced landing on water are two completely different concepts. If you are not prepared enough, it is easy to cause major accidents during evacuation.However, it is almost foreseeable that once it is pulled up at Narita Airport, it will basically be at the point of running out of fuel and lights at that time, and the cockpit may not be able to manage the cabin, and there will be no time to issue commands.
Therefore, Xu Cang had to take advantage of this moment to explain everything to the first-class flight attendant.When necessary, everything is judged by the flight attendant himself.
"Taking advantage of the last time, you should check the evacuation procedures of the two forced landings, assign work, and especially determine the position of the life raft. Do you know where the life raft is on the luggage rack?"
The first-class flight attendant was shocked: "I know. What about the life jacket?"
"Put it on now, hurry up!" Xu Cang ordered.
Once pulled from Narita to make an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay, the time interval will be very short, and it is not enough to put on life jackets, so passengers can only wear them in advance.
"Okay, I see." The first-class flight attendant nodded emphatically, acting like an acting flight attendant.
Xu Cang recalled it in his heart, and seemed to have nothing to explain, he just said: "Let my friend answer the phone."
Soon, Xia Shuyue's voice rang from the other side of the phone: "Brother, did you call me?"
"Shuyue, you are not allowed to participate in the evacuation when the plane makes an emergency landing. Listen to me, you are the passenger. Once the flight attendant announces the evacuation, you will evacuate with the passengers. Do you understand?" Xu Cang's voice was raised a few times in a rare way points, even a little harsh.
At this time, Xia Shuyue was sensible and did not add any burden to Xu Cang: "Brother, don't worry, I will take care of myself."
Xu Cang was very pleased, Xia Shuyue sometimes acted like a little girl, but at critical moments, she was not sticky at all, so Xu Cang liked it even more.
After hanging up the internal call, Xu Cang took off the headset and threw it aside, as if he had collapsed.
"A single wheel landing, are you confident?" Xu Cang said indifferently.
When this question was mentioned, the captain was silent for a while, didn't say anything, just shook his head.He could tell that Xu Cang's condition was very poor, but to be honest, he was indeed unsure and seriously lacking in confidence.
Xu Cang clenched his fist with his right hand and then released it, clenched it again, and let it go again, repeating this process.The captain couldn't see what Xu Cang's little action meant, but instinctively felt something was wrong.
"Can you steer it?" the captain asked carefully, knowing that Xu Cang's right hand is the hand holding the steering wheel.
The reason why Xu Cang kept clenching his fists was because he felt that his grip strength was not as good as before. This was not sudden and aimless, but it was caused by excessive blood loss and weakness in his body.
Xu Cang stroked the steering wheel, and in this situation, he could only nod his head: "Let me control it."
"What about the gas pedal?"
Xu Cang's right hand is fine, but his left hand is injured, and the palm is still wrapped with a thick bandage, it seems that it is not convenient to operate the accelerator.The captain thought that if necessary, he could act as Xu Cang's left hand and let him control the throttle of both engines.
However, Xu Cang shook his head: "No need, I will do it myself."
Fortunately, the throttle lever only has two strokes, forward and backward.Although it may be more painful, Xu Cang still feels that it is safer to cooperate with him.
"Xu Cang, I heard that you have completed a ditching in China. Shall we skip the single-wheel landing and do a ditching directly?" the captain asked.
Xu Cang's reputation for completing a ditching off the coast of Qizhou has spread abroad.In any case, ditching is an extremely amazing operation, and it is the same in any country.
It is even said that the flight department of ANA organized a study on Xu Cang's ditching in Qizhou.
There is a set of procedures for ditching.However, there is only a set of procedures, and having procedures does not mean success.The water entry angle and speed of ditching will directly affect the survival rate.
However, water is impermanent, who can guarantee that the angle and speed of entering the water are the most suitable?
Xu Cang is no exception!
"Do you think ditching on water is easier than ditching on the runway?" Xu Cang felt helpless.The captain has never experienced a ditching. Perhaps he also knows that a ditching is difficult, but he has no clear idea of how difficult it is. It is difficult to judge this kind of thing without experiencing it personally.
The captain's thoughts seemed a little simple. He felt that Xu Cang had done a ditching before, and with experience, the success rate should be relatively high.In view of his infinite fear of one-wheel landing, he sincerely hoped to skip the one-wheel landing and progress to Xu Cang's more proficient ditching.
The captain didn't know how to answer Xu Cang's words, and he held back for a while before he said: "I just feel that you have had successful experience."
"Some experiences cannot be used for reference." Xu Cang sighed: "And, there is a more important reason."
Xu Cang said, pointing to the broken windshield: "In this case, do you still think ditching is a good idea?"
The captain took a breath, he completely forgot about the windshield.Indeed, once the windshield is broken, a huge amount of water will pour into the cockpit once the water is forced to land. People in the cockpit will be very, very dangerous, and they will drown if they are not careful.
"Once we choose to ditch, we really risk our lives."
In Xu Cang's view, the forced landing in Tokyo Bay is not a good way out from all angles, it's just a desperate struggle with nowhere to go.
"I see." The captain lowered his head dejectedly, and his mood seemed to drop a bit.
He still thought too simply, and his perception of future dangers was still not accurate enough.The real crisis is much more serious than he expected.
There is also a lifejacket in the cockpit, but the inflated lifejacket will seriously affect the pilot's control, so neither Xu Cang nor the captain intends to wear the lifejacket.
However, with the cooperation of the two, the captain devoted his energy to inflating the two life jackets.Then put the inflated lifejackets on each side of the two people.If you ditch, even if you don't have time to put it on, it's at least a good idea to grab the inflatable life jacket.
Moreover, for Xu Cang who is not good at water, this inflatable life jacket is even more precious.
Prepare everything, the aircraft will be controlled by the captain in advance, and Xu Cang will save his strength, and then hand over the control of the aircraft to Xu Cang after a low altitude.
At this time, the benefits of clearing the airspace are so obvious.From the beginning to the end, the entire Tokyo airspace has only one plane of ANA Flight 45 flying.
In order to save fuel, Narita approach control is naturally guided to the final side by radar.The operation here is not difficult. The captain was not used to watching the ground speed and the cockpit altimeter at the beginning, but after a period of time, he was able to allocate his energy relatively skillfully.
Narita had no problems with glideslope instability, so the approach control directed the aircraft to cut the final at about eight nautical miles.Under Xu Cang's command, the plane started to slow down from the smooth configuration at three nautical miles from the cut-in point.
During the period, Xu Cang held the plate with his right hand: "Let's put the landing gear manually."
At this time, it is a race against time. In order to save fuel as much as possible, the two of them postponed the flaps before, and the length of cutting into the fifth side is not enough. His movements must be faster, otherwise, the speed may not be easy to slow down. up.
When doing the maneuver, the speed has been reduced to 180 knots at flap five, which is naturally in line with the 270 knots gear release speed limit.
After confirming that there was no problem with the speed, the captain immediately unfastened the seat belt, pulled the seat back, and leaned back.Open the manual landing gear cover on the entrance floor, and pull out all the manual landing gear handles of the nose gear and the right landing gear.
After the manual extension handle is pulled out, the lock is released when the handle is pulled to the limit.It stands to reason that at this time, the red indicator lights of the front landing gear and the right landing gear will be on.
But what is more embarrassing is that the red indicator lights of the front landing gear and the right landing gear are already on.
That being the case, the captain didn't care.After the last manual landing gear handle was pulled out, I counted silently for 15 seconds, and then lowered the landing gear handle without hesitation.
As the landing gear handle was lowered, the captain immediately set his eyes on the landing gear indicator, yelling in his heart to put it down quickly.
However, after waiting for a few seconds, the green light of the left landing gear was already on, but the front landing gear and the right landing gear were still the same as before, only the red light was on.
The captain raised his head and looked at the spare landing gear indicator on the rear roof. The green light of the left landing gear was also on, but the other two did not respond at all.
"Damn it!" Even Xu Cang, who was always in a calm state of mind, couldn't stop fluctuating in his heart at this moment.However, he quickly adjusted his mood, and immediately issued a password: "Execute part or all of the landing gear and collect the landing checklist."
"Okay!" Although the captain's expression was not very good-looking, he still carried out Xu Cang's request seriously.
"Set flaps forty reference speed."
After the operation on the CDU, the captain pulled out the audible landing gear warning jumper switch of P6-3:D18 against the airflow. This is to prevent the audible landing gear warning from appearing when the landing gear is retracted and the landing flaps are selected.
Afterwards, pull out the flight control automatic speedbrake trip switch of P6-2:B9, this is to prevent the ground spoiler from being released accidentally after landing.
"Automatic braking without arming, speedbrake not arming." The captain confirmed with Xu Cang: "After landing, use manual brakes, and I will manually control the speedbrake."
At this time, the plane had cut into the final flight path, Xu Cang slowly closed the accelerator and began to decelerate.
Xu Cang tried his best to control the accelerator with his fingers to avoid touching the wound on his palm.However, even with such care, when driving the thrust handle, the wound on the palm can still be affected, which is very uncomfortable.
However, at this point, Xu Cang was on the verge of breaking out, and had no choice but to give up.
As the plane slowed down, the captain kept the flaps at 151: "Add five to the wind correction, three meters with a tailwind, and a reference speed of [-]."
The mode control panel was damaged, and the captain could no longer adjust the reference speed. He could only give Xu Cang a voice prompt, but this was enough for Xu Cang.
At a height of [-] feet, the tower gave the landing permission, and Xu Cang did the last landing procedure preview: "After landing, release the speedbrake and listen to my password. It is expected that the landing gear, nose and engine nacelle will touch the runway. , put out the speedbrakes. Don't use thrust reverser, when the flare starts, you shut yourself off, etc. I was wrong, don't turn off the fuel pump."
Xu Cang shook his head, closed the landing checklist according to the normal part or all of the landing gear, and all the fuel pump switches need to be closed when the landing is leveled.
However, Xu Cang had to consider the go-around.If all the fuel pump switches are turned off, wouldn't the engine be completely turned off?
However, even if the fuel pump switch is not turned off, the engine may not be able to last for too long. The fuel level on both sides has bottomed out. The low fuel level warning has appeared a long time ago.
The captain's heart tightened, Xu Cang's reaction just now was not a good sign, which showed that Xu Cang's physical condition was really bad, and it began to affect his thinking ability.
However, at this moment, the captain couldn't say anything. Most importantly, he didn't have the confidence to take over.
"Approach landing gear inhibit switch, inhibit! The engine bleed air switch is closed." After the captain finished the last bit of work, he directly switched the transmitter of the communication panel to the passenger announcement PA: "The crew are on their positions."
As before, Xu Cang still planned to rely entirely on the blind landing signal from the instrument to let the plane descend to a sufficiently low altitude, such as fifty feet.Xu Cang still has some confidence in his ability to control, he believes that he can rely on the unguided blind landing signal and fall all the way to fifty feet.
In fact, the five-sided airflow at Narita Airport is not strong, and everything seems to be in line with Xu Cang's prediction.His intention was to touch down with a slight left bank, let the left main wheel touch down first, then decelerate softly and consistently as the bank returned.
The reason why speedbrakes and thrust reversers cannot be used in this situation is that once used, the aircraft will not be able to maintain a gentle deceleration state, so that the fuselage part of the aircraft will contact the road surface prematurely. At high speeds, it may cause The fuselage disintegrates or the fuselage ignites the fuel under friction and explodes.
How to touch the ground and what slope to touch the ground has been rehearsed countless times in Xu Cang's mind, and the airflow on the five sides is quite face-saving, and Xu Cang has not given any extra burden.However, in fact, Xu Cang had an uneasy thought in his heart, that is, Narita Airport was too close to Tokyo Bay.
The airflow where the water and land meet is usually not too stable, especially at low altitudes.
However, when it was close to the sky above the runway, Xu Cang immediately looked outside against the air current as the radio altitude of [-] feet was reported.
According to the plan, the moment Xu Cang looks out, he will start to press the plate to the left, but the amount of this pressure plate will be very small, and in order to offset the control input of the left pressure plate, Xu Cang will simultaneously press the rudder to the right.
This amount must not be too much, otherwise once the plane forms an obvious sideslip, it will easily sink uncontrollably.
Twenty feet!
How fine is Xu Cang's maneuvering, after making a slight left bank, the plane is actually firmly maintained on the center line of the runway, unbiased.If this moment is a critical moment of life and death, the captain in the left seat will definitely be addicted to Xu Cang's incomparable exquisite manipulation.
It's simply art.
Ten feet!
As if the heavens were so beautiful, even at such a low altitude, the airflow still didn't show at all.
"Success!"
Even Xu Cang had such an idea at this time.
However, at the moment when Xu Cang had this idea, as if to take care of Xu Cang's slight slack, just before the left landing gear was about to touch down, an unknown airflow rose suddenly.The balance maintained by Xu Cang is so exquisite but extremely fragile, it seems to be the porcelain that will break when touched.
If all these changes happened earlier, it would be enough to attract Xu Cang's attention and correction.
Before that, Xu Cang was worried because of the location of Narita Airport.But until it was below ten feet, the plane was stable and stable, and everything developed according to Xu Cang's control.It is said that the half-ninety to one hundred miles, and Xu Cang fell at the last step before the finish line.
He was too tired, physical fatigue had affected his mental concentration.At the moment before landing, Xu Cang still showed his helplessness as an ordinary person.However, in fact, everything is doomed.Even if Xu Cang didn't have a little distraction, he could still maintain strong concentration for a long time like a normal person, but the timing of this air current was so coincidental that even if Xu Cang discovered it at the first time, there was nothing he could do. .
This airflow is actually not strong. It just blows gently from the left side of the plane to the right side, as if smoothing the wrinkled lake surface. By the time the landing gear touched down, the aircraft had begun to roll to the right.
At this moment, Xu Cang already knew that this landing was a failure, a complete and complete failure, and there was no possibility of turning around.
However, fortunately, Xu Cang was only distracted for a moment, which doesn't mean he didn't know his current situation.Without the slightest hesitation, the matter has come to this point, and the forced landing is basically the only way to destroy the machine and kill people.
As soon as the accelerator was fully charged, amidst the roar of the huge engine, the left landing gear touched the road surface like a superficial touch, and then separated immediately, and the plane immediately rose from the ground.
The moment the plane left the ground, an idea came into Xu Cang's mind uncontrollably, an idea based on the escaping instinct under the most primitive fear.If it is directly transferred in place and lands on another runway at Narita Airport, will there be such a slight possibility of success?
The reason why Xu Cang didn't plan to turn around on the spot before, and then land in the opposite direction on the same runway.One is that the altitude will be lost extremely quickly when turning. If the engine is short of fuel and the engine is turned off on the way, the altitude will not be supported at all, which is extremely dangerous.The second is due to the existence of the turning radius. In fact, if the plane wants to turn back and land in the opposite direction, the actual turning angle must exceed 360 degrees.
However, there is also a parallel runway at Narita Airport. If you turn right after climbing, you can land without considering the turning radius.However, there is a big problem, that is, the parallel runway is under construction, and nearly half of the runway is actually unusable.
Landing on such a short runway is actually very, very difficult.
However, for some reason, Xu Cang followed like a demon, wanting to turn right and cut directly to the fifth side of the parallel runway.
However, the moment Xu Cang had this idea, the No. [-] engine vibrated violently, and turned off at this critical moment.Of course, this is not unexpected. When the plane is leveled, the fuel volume of the two main fuel tanks has actually returned to zero.After the engine consumed the residual fuel in the pipeline, it stalled without accident.
Xu Cang's reaction was quick. The moment the No. [-] engine was turned off, he pressed against the left rudder, and at the same time ordered the captain to retract the flaps. Close it.
"Are we turning right onto runway 25?"
While the captain was busy, Xu Cang suddenly said this.
The captain's expression changed suddenly. They had actually considered this plan.However, Xu Cang himself denied it at the time.The No. 25 engine has already stalled, and the No. [-] engine will also stall in a very short period of time. So the altitude is the most precious at this moment. How could it be possible to cut into runway [-] under a sharp turn?
Moreover, half of runway 25 is under construction, even if the plane has cut through, whether it can land on the runway is still a question mark.
All in all, cutting runway 25 is an almost impossible option to be approved.However, during this time, Xu Cang brought up the old matter again.
The captain just wanted to persuade, but the moment he turned his head, he saw Xu Cang's pale side face.That face, which was still immature, was also full of fear.
"It turns out that he will be afraid too!" The captain thought to himself at the moment.
Yes, how can you not be afraid?The plan of cutting into runway 25 seems to be fatal, so is the method of making an emergency landing in Tokyo Bay really good?Even if they enter the water normally, the subsequent water pouring into the cockpit may drown them. In this plan, the two people in the cockpit are actually close to death.
Even though he has been on the verge of life and death so many times, Xu Cang still couldn't help feeling the fear from the inside out when he touched the moment of death again.
Humans are such emotional creatures.
"Aren't you afraid?" Xu Cang asked suddenly.
The captain who had been acting obedient to Xu Cang before was relieved at this moment, and he smiled: "Xu Cang, don't let fear blind your eyes."
Xu Cang trembled all over, facing the violent air current, Xu Cang opened his eyes slightly: "But when I saw the past clearly, it was a scene that made me feel desperate."
"What?" The captain was startled, half-closed his eyes, and looked outside, right in front of the plane, the huge and vast Tokyo Bay unfolded in front of his eyes.There are many ships in Tokyo Bay, but most of them are parked on the shore, and there is a large open area in the middle.
This should be a water field suitable for forced landing, but a huge bridge connecting the two banks divides the entire Tokyo Bay into two.
"Not enough to make a forced landing?" The captain's face was ashen.
Before, he supported ditching, because it considered the pilot's technology, and technology can be used to reduce the risk.The plan of turning right and cutting into runway 25 is not only extremely dangerous, but also very lucky, and it is impossible for the pilot to decide his own destiny.
But now, the forced landing in Tokyo Bay, which had originally given the captain all hope, presented a scene of despair in his eyes.
The bridge divides the body of water into two, neither part of which can support the forced landing of a large airliner.
"This" the captain never expected that things would turn out like this: "It shouldn't be like this, how could it be like this?"
He even forgot that there was a bridge over Tokyo Bay. As a Tokyo native, he even forgot this just now.
Just when the captain was extremely remorseful, the only remaining No. [-] engine spewed out faint black smoke and began to vibrate slightly.The captain's muscles tensed all of a sudden, which was a very, very bad omen.
The number one engine is also dying.
"Xu Cang!" The captain's heart was pounding, and he seemed to have smelled the breath of death.Perhaps, just now, according to Xu Cang's intention, we should turn right and cut into runway 25, so as to give it a try?
The captain gritted his teeth: "I forgot about this bridge, I should have reminded you."
Xu Cang is not a local, so he didn't expect it to be normal.But he made such a big mistake, directly costing the lives of the entire plane.
Xu Cang's eyes opened slightly, as if the strong airflow could no longer affect his eyes: "Is there a bridge, then let's cross it!"
"What did you say?" The captain was taken aback, obviously he didn't understand what Xu Cang meant.
"Thank you for reminding me just now." Xu Cang straightened his back. At this moment, he was no longer afraid.That's how people are. For a moment, they suddenly feel very scared, but as long as they cross that hurdle, everything will suddenly become clear.
What about Tokyo Bay, which is divided into two, and what about the bridge like a natural moat?
It's time for the Japanese to see what is the peak strength in the world!
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