English Vocabulary Test Center Handbook for Senior High School Entrance Examination

Chapter 12

my (my, mine)+self (myself) myself

give the name. ． ． to sb. (sth.) To name…; to represent…; by…/name sb. sth．Named; by name/by name to...name/call one's names to insult someone/in the name of in the name of.../make one's name become famous/name sb. after named according to…/get a name for oneself/adopt the name of…/clear the name to wash stains/get a name to become famous/brand name/the first name name/pet name nickname/proper name Christian name/call sb. by a wrong name call out someone's name/call out one's name call out someone's name/name sb. for to nominate someone as.../be named after

①When name means "to give a name to...", you can't use naming as a post-attributive, but use named.Example: I have a sister named Kate.I have a younger sister named Kate. ② said.What is someone's name" When using the verb call, the person should be the subject, not the name.

But when the linking verb be is used, the name can be used as the subject.Example: His name is Peter.His name is Peter.

be near to close to; close to / in the near future in the near future / near at hand near; coming soon / come (or go) near almost; almost / get (or draw) near close to; near

of all the stars, the sun is to the earth.

A． the nearest B． nearby
C． nearest D． close
(Inner Mongolia in 2000)
Analysis sentence meaning: Among the stars, the sun is the closest to the earth.The answer is A. When the superlative of near is preceded by a possessive pronoun, the is generally not used. Near is used as a preposition, which can express place, time, age, etc.When using the comparative or superlative of the preposition near, it is generally used together with the preposition to. When near is used as an adjective, it can be used as an attributive or a predicative. nearby as an adjective, meaning "next to, near", often placed after a noun, as an adverb, meaning "nearby".Such as: 1 went fishing in the nearby river. (1 went fishing in the river nearby.) I went fishing in the nearby river.In addition, nearby can also be used as a preposition, meaning "in the vicinity of...".Such as: build a pumping station near by the bridge build a pumping station near the bridge. Close means "near, close", referring to being close in space and time. Close has a stronger tone than near, and means closer than near, which means "right in front of you".Such as: They are close friends.They are close friends.

You can use near somewhere or near to some where to express "very close to somewhere", because near can be both an adverb and a preposition, but to cannot be replaced by from.

In some abstract occasions, to cannot be omitted.Example: Her frugality is near to stinginess.Her frugality borders on stinginess.

fill the need to meet the needs / fit the need suitable for needs / basic needs basic needs / crying need urgent needs / passing need temporary needs / housing needs housing needs / need for sth.Need something / in need of need

1.一Must I return this book this afternoon?

One No, you——. But you——return it before supper．

A． mustn't; can B． can't; need
C． needn't; must D． mustn't; may
(Inner Mongolia in 2000)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence:——Do I have to return this book this afternoon? —No, you don't have to, but you have to return it before dinner.The answer is c.This question examines students' use of must.Pay attention to the use and analysis of modal verbs. Must is used in interrogative sentences and affirmative sentences, and must is used for positive answers; needn't is used for negative answers, and mustn't is used unless it expresses prohibition.According to the context, it can be concluded that the second blank should be filled with must.In summary, the answer to this question is C.

2. The poor man needs our help,—he?

A． need B． needn't C． does
D． doesn't
(Hebei Province in 2002)
Analysis sentence meaning: That poor man needs our help, right?As a substantive verb, the anti-meaning interrogative part uses doesn't he.The answer is D. need here

① need is used as a noun. When it means "necessary, necessary", it is often used as an uncountable noun (also use a need), and when it is used as a countable noun, it means "necessary, necessary things".Example: There is no much need for anxiety.Don't worry too much. ②need is used as a modal verb, generally expressing the need to do something immediately, often used for request or permission, usually permission not to do something.Example: You needn't pay for emergency calls in most countries.In most countries people do not have to pay for emergency calls. ③ When need is used as a solution to "demand" and "needed things", use the plural form.Example: This suggestion serves our needs.This proposal meets our requirements. ④ When a gerund is used as the object behind the transitive verb need, the gerund must be changed from the transitive verb, because the gerund and the subject in the sentence have a verb-object relationship in logic, and should be expressed in the active form of the gerund In passive meaning, the form of being done cannot be used.If you use an infinitive as the object of need, you should use the passive form.Example: The house needs cleaning. (The house needs to be cleaned.) The house needs to be cleaned.

neither． ． ． nor. ． ．Neither nor……

——of them are my friends.

A． Neither B． None C． Either D． no
Parsing the meaning of the sentence: None of them are my friends.The answer is B. When neither and either are used as subjects, the predicate verbs are usually in the singular form; when none is used as the subject, the predicate verbs may be singular or plural.

neither means "neither", it can be used as the subject in the sentence, and the subject has neither. ． ． nor phrase.

never mind it doesn't matter; it doesn't matter

①never is placed after linking verbs, modal verbs, and auxiliary verbs, and before substantive verbs. ②At the beginning of the never sentence, the sentence needs to be half inverted.

I think Yao Ming, the famous basketball player, will be——new star in NBA.

A． hot B． hotter C． hot test D． the hot test
(Shanghai in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning: my country's famous basketball player Yao Ming will be the hottest new star in the NBA.The answer is D.This question examines the primary, comparative, and superlative degrees of the adjective hot. From the meaning of the question, it can be judged that the superlative form is used. In addition, the superlative of the adjective should be modified with "the". This question can only be the hottest.

a piece of news a piece of news

Have you read today's newspaper?

No． ——there is a lot of sports news in it?

A． Is B． Are C． was
D． Were
(Inner Mongolia in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: - Have you read today's newspaper?No, is there a lot of sports news?
The answer is A. When news means "news, report, news", it is an uncountable noun, and the predicate verb is singular. A piece of news means "a piece of news".Others include: mathematics (mathematics), physics (physics), and politics (politics).Although these words end in S, their actual meaning is singular.Therefore, the verb should be in singular form.

newspaper (newspaper) is a countable noun.If the newspaper is not regarded as a kind of thing for reading or conveying information, but only as a kind of "paper", it can also be uncountable, for example: Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper.Wrap it in newspaper.

next time next time/next to...next to next door/next door next door/next to none is no worse than others, second to none/next best is second only to the best/next. ． ． but one the third person; next to the second; next to the second/next. ． ． but three is adjacent to the fourth; next to the fourth; the fifth

next door to next door to...; almost; almost; almost
①(the)next time (next time, next time) has two usages: 1) if it acts as an adverb in a sentence, it is used as an adverbial, and a definite article cannot be used before it; 2) if it acts as a conjunction in a sentence, If the adverbial clause is used to introduce time, it can be preceded by a definite article or not.Example: Comparison: When I see him next time, I'11 tell him about it. /I"ll tell him about it(the)next time I see him. The next time I see him, I will tell him the situation. When @next is used as an adjective to modify a noun that does not indicate time, it is usually preceded by a definite crown the word the.

Nice to meet you．Nice to meet you.

Analysis sentence meaning: What a beautiful flower!Where did you pick it?The answer is B.This is an exclamation sentence guided by what. The sentence pattern is usually: What(a, an)+adjective+noun (+subject+predicate).

at night / from morning till night / last night / night and day day and night / night school night school / tomorrow night / good night / by night / over night
My father returned at 1 0 o"clock——

A． in the night B． by the night
C． on the night D． at night
(Two districts of Beijing in 2000)
Analysis sentence meaning: My father came back at ten o'clock in the evening on June 6th.The answer is c. A means at night, in means within a certain period of time; B "until..."; D "in the middle of the night", at means at a certain time; on means on a certain day; as long as there is "a certain day", use on.

no longer no longer/no more no longer/no sooner than just...just/It's no good(use)doing...useless/say no to sb.Reject someone / in no time immediately; quickly / no hurry Xiao must be anxious / no less than there are... much / no more than However, Yiyi

①When no is used as an adjective, it is usually placed directly before the noun without any qualifiers in between. When no modifies a singular countable noun, it is equivalent to not a(an); when it modifies an uncountable noun or a plural countable noun, it is equivalent to not any, which means "no".Such as: He has no friends.He has no friends. I have not any brothers and sisters.I don't have a single sibling. ②When answering a negative question, be careful not to simply think according to the Chinese meaning: no "不", yes "Yes".Specifically, it depends on whether the content of the answer is factual.If the respondent thinks it is a fact, use yes; if it is not a fact, use no.Example: Don't you like it?一Yes, I like it very much. —Don't you like it? ——No, I like it very much.

somebodies and nobody

make a noise noisy／make a noise about sth．Complain loudly...／make a noise in the world become famous
none but only
1. Here are quite a few old books 0n the shelf, but of them is useful to him.

A． both B． all C． neither
D． none
(Henan Province in 2001)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence: There are many old books on the shelf, but none of them are useful to him.The answer is D.

none means "no one, no one", and the following predicate verbs can be either singular or plural. Both means "both...". a11 refers to "all". neither means "neither", choose D according to the meaning of the question.

The noun after none of must be followed by the, chis, my, your, etc.

at noon at noon / before noon before noon
She must be—too old.
A． nelther. nor B． both． and
C． either, or D． not only. but also
Analysis sentence meaning: I want to hire a nanny, she must not be too old.Or too young.The answer is A.

Choose the sentence pattern "neither...nor..." according to the meaning of the question, which means "neither... nor..."; "both...and..." means "both...", The following predicate verbs are often plural; "either... or..." means "or...or...", and the following predicate verbs are consistent with the nouns or pronouns close to it; "not only... .but also..." means "not only...but also...", the predicate verb after it is also consistent with the words close to it.

When expressing a person's nose (or other parts of the body), it cannot be used as an adjective. When expressing mutual direction and positional relationship, use to if they are not bordering each other and have an equal relationship; use on if they are bordering and have an equal relationship; If the affiliation of the administrative region is "inside..." use in.

not yet no longer / not at all thank you; not at all / not. ． ． at aIl not at all; not at all / not. ． ． any more no longer / not a little very / not a11. ． ． (a11...not...) Not.../not only. ． ． but(also) not only...but also
cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.

A． Not B． Won't C． Don't D． Doesn't
(Shanxi Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: Do not cross the road until the traffic light turns green.The answer is c.This is the negative of an imperative sentence.Another example: Don't close the door.Don't close the door.

①Not until is placed at the beginning of the sentence, and the word order of the main clause must be reversed. Another example: Not until the teacher came, did the students begin the experiment.The students didn't start the experiment until the teacher picked it up. ② When the predicate in the sentence has several auxiliary verbs or modal verbs, the negative word not should be placed after the first auxiliary verb or modal verb.Example: I really shouldn't have done it.I really shouldn't have done that. He must not have been a common person.He must be no ordinary person.

no (no, no) + thing (things) no two; nothing

nothing much nothing / gain nothing / get nothing / give. ． ． nothing didn't give.../have nothing in common have nothing in common/leave nothing to be desired speak of is not worth mentioning; can't talk about

A． No one B． Nothing C． nobody
D． none
Interpretation: What's in your car? — nothing.The answer is B. nothing means "nothing, nothing", which is equal to not anything in meaning. no one, nobody, none refer to "no one (or thing)".

2. Lei Feng asked——for return when he helped others.

A． everythingB． nothingC． anything D． something
Analysis of the meaning of the sentence: Lei Feng does not ask for anything in return when he helps others.The answer is B. everything means everything, anything means anything, often used in negative sentences, something means something.

From the meaning of the sentence, we know that Lei Feng does not intend to reciprocate, so he chooses B.

① When an adjective modifies nothing, put the adjective after nothing.

Example: There is nothing dangerous to do that.There is no danger in doing that. ② When "nothing but + noun" is used as the subject, regardless of whether the "noun" in it is singular or plural, the predicates that follow must be singular.Example: Nothing but trees was to be seen.Nothing to see but trees. ③nothing can no longer be used in negative sentences, which will cause double negation.Example: (×) I haven't got nothing more from what he said. (√) I haven't got anything more from what he said.I got no further information from his words.

just now; a moment ago / now and then from time to time; from time to time; intermittently / now that since; because / right now immediately; immediately / from now on from now on, from now on / up to now so far / now and again sometimes/before now before this/by now at this moment; now

at present / nowadays today
all the passengers are here, why don't we start at once?

A． As soon as B． After C． Now that D． when
Analysis of the meaning of the sentence: Since the guests are here, why not start now?The answer is C. Now that guides the adverbial clause of time. now that means "since"; as soon as means "one...just..."; after means "after..."; when means "when...".Another example: Now that you have come you may as well stay.Now that you're here, stay here.

the number of.../without number uncountable/a amount total amount; quantity; value/total total, all/count point; number; calculation; count/calculate calculation/computer computer/add plus, increase /plus plus, plus /in—

(End of this chapter)