English Vocabulary Test Center Handbook for Senior High School Entrance Examination

Chapter 13

crease increase, growth/minus negative, subtraction/reduce reduction, reduction/multiply multiplication; make multiplication/divide division (exhaustion)
①a number of some, several..., when used as the subject, the predicate verb uses a plural number.

A number of men were called in.Many men were summoned. ②the number of. ． ． "The number of...", the predicate verb is used as the subject in singular. 'Fhe number of cars is large.There are a lot of cars. ③a large number of modified countable nouns, a great deal of modified uncountable nouns.

of course/because of/lots of, many/a piece of
1. It's very nice——you to get me two tickets——the World Cup.

A． for; of B． of; for C． to;for D． of; to
(Anhui Province in 2002)
Analysis sentence meaning: You are so kind, give me two tickets to the World Cup.The answer is D. It is+adj． + preposition of/for sb. to do sth．It is a fixed sentence pattern, which is used to express who completed the action of the infinitive, and can be used to modify the characteristics of the person in front of the infinitive, that is, use of, otherwise, use for. The adjectives that are often used with of are nice, kind, afraid, careful, right, etc.

2. It's very nice you to take care of my baby while 1 was away.

A． for B． ofC． with D． to
(Shaanxi Province in 2001)
Parsing the meaning of the sentence: It is very kind of you to help me take care of the children when I am not around.The answer is B.

"It's very nice of you..." means: You are really nice.It is mostly used for thanks, here of is a fixed usage.

①When "of" is used as "of...", if the following noun is a person or animal, it can be changed to the possessive case of the noun. But the "all" is strengthened. The form of "of+noun" cannot be used.

Example: It is the child's cap.This is the child's hat. ②Indicates something belonging to someone, of is followed by a noun possessive pronoun or a possessive noun; indicating that the content expressed by something refers to a certain person, of is followed by an object pronoun or noun.Example: He showeda photograph of him.He showed us a picture of himself.

jump off from.../take off off/turn off turn off (electrical appliances, gas, tap water)/on and off intermittently/far off far away/right off immediately/fall off drop, fall.leave/be off leave
1. It's very hot here. You'd better your coat．

A． put on B． get 011C． take off D． put in
(Xuanwu District, Beijing, 2001)
Interpretation: It's very hot here.You'd better take off your shirt.The answer is C. "You"d better+the original form of the verb" means "You'd better do..."; the negative form is "You'd better not do. ． ． ". put on "put it on"; get on "board the plane, get on the car, ride on, climb up, continue (after interruption)"; put in "put...into"; take off "take off, take off".

2. Don't forget to turn the TV before you leave the room.

A． on B． over C． u D． off
(2002 Xicheng District, Beijing)
Analysis sentence meaning: Don't forget to turn off the TV before you leave the room.The answer is D.This sentence should pay attention to the fixed phrase turn on (open), turn off (closed).

① off is an adverb, and forms a verb phrase with a verb followed by an object. If the object is a noun, it can be placed before or after off. If the object is a pronoun, it must be placed before off.Example: The light is on. Please turn it off.The light is on, please turn it off. ②Take your hat off your head. /Take off your hat.In the above two sentences, off is a preposition and an adverb respectively, which should be distinguished. Turn off to turn off (lights, radio, gas, tap water, etc.), turn on to turn on (lights, radio, gas, tap water, etc.).

of (strengthening meaning) + rice (doing, office) office, office

be in office in office, governing / go to the office to go to the office; go to work / take office to take office, take office / be out of office resignation

how often how often; how often

I don't like winter because—Scold.

A． too much B． much too
C． far more
D． much more
(Liaoning Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: I don't like winter, because it is too cold in winter.The answer is B. Much too is followed by an adjective or an adverb at the primary level, in which much plays the role of strengthening the tone, which means "too..."; too much is followed by an uncountable noun, which means "too much". (much)too generally modifies the primary level of an adjective or adverb, and (too)much modifies the comparative level of an adjective or adverb.

Often is in the same position as always, usually, and sometimes in the sentence, and it is used after be verbs and auxiliary verbs, and before content verbs.

How old is how old／old and young(=young and old)old and young／never too old to learn live to old to learn

——is a ticket for the film Hacker II?

About forty yuan．

A． How old B． How many C． How much
D． How often
(2003 Xicheng District, Beijing)
Analysis of the meaning of the sentence: ——How much is the ticket for the movie The Matrix (Ⅱ)? — about 50 yuan.

Answer C.This question examines the usage of how phrases, how old asks the age "how old"; how many asks the quantity; how much asks the price, "how much";

①older and oldest mostly represent age, and elder mostly represents the order of age. ②an old book refers to "ancient, former book", while "old book" uses a used book, a second-hand book.

on duty／on show exhibition, display／on the radio／on the phone／go on continue, carry on, happen／and so on, etc.／live on continue to live; continue to exist／turn on open (electricity, gas, water, etc.) / on earth / base on based on ..., based on / call on sb.Visit someone / from then on from then on / get on (car, ship, plane, etc.) / get on with (get along with) to get along with ...; progress / go on doing sth.Continue to do...／go Oil to do sth． (After completing one thing) continue to do (other things) / keep on doing, continue to do, do it repeatedly / later on later / on sale / on strike / on and on continue, non-stop / on business due to business, something ／on foot walk／on holiday／on one's way home／on time／on the earth on the earth
——a cold morning, I opened the window and was glad to find that it was snowing outside.

A． By B． In C． At D． On
(Dongcheng District, Beijing, 2002)
Analysis sentence meaning: On a cold morning, I opened the window and was very happy to find that it was snowing outside.The answer is D.Specific to the morning, afternoon, and evening of a certain day, the preposition on is used in front of it.

2. the night of Christmas Day, parents fill their children's stockings with small presents.

A． In B． At C． To D． On
(Shandong Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: On Christmas night, parents fill their children's stockings with small gifts.The answer is D.

In the morning, afternoon or night of a specific day, use the preposition on.Such as: on Tuesday morning, on the afternoon of Teachers' Day, etc.

① work on.The solution of "on..." means that something is close to something. If there are not two close objects, on cannot be used. Example: (×) A plane flew on the playground. (√) A plane flew over the playground. A plane flew over the playground. ② means "hit a certain part of someone" can not say hit one's+ part, but hit sb. on the+ part. Example: He hit the enemy on the head with a stone. He hits the enemy's head with a stone. ③in the morning (afternoon, evening) in the morning (noon, evening), at night (noon) in the night (noon), if it is the above time of a specific day, use on, Such as: on the morning of July 1 (in the morning of July [-]st), on the afternoon of last Sunday (in the afternoon of last Sunday), on a starless night (in a night without stars), on Sunday evening (on Sunday evening ).

on(e)(one)'ce(...time) once, once

at once immediately / once more(again) once again / once in a while occasionally, sometimes / once upon a time before / once a month once a month / once and again again
twice twice / thrice three times
one after another (=one by one) one after another; successively / one another each other; each other / one by one one by one / one. ． ． the other one...another／one day one day

1. Can I get you a drink?

That's very nice of you. I've already got——

A． it B． oneC． that
D． this
(Dongcheng District, Beijing, 2002)
Analyzing the meaning of the sentence: - Can I get you a drink? ——(Thank you) You are so kind.I already have a glass.The answer is B.The indefinite pronoun one refers to the above a drink.

2. I don't think it's very expensive to buy a family computer here.

Really? I'11 buy——next week．

A． it B． thisC． one D． mine
(Zhejiang Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: I think it is not too expensive to buy a home computer here.Really?

I will buy one next week.The answer is C. One refers to a family computer in the previous sentence, and generally refers to a family computer.And if you choose it or this, it means you want to buy the selected computer.

① If the preceding noun is a material noun or a collective noun, it should be followed by an adjective instead of one.Example: I like Chinese food better than English.I like Chinese food more than British food. ②one is used in conjunction with the plural noun (pronoun) of of to indicate one (person) of..." and the following predicate should be in singular form. Example: One of the letters was open. One of the letters was open.

one (one, one) + self (self) oneself, in person

by oneself alone; (someone) personally / for oneself alone, for oneself / have sth. to oneself exclusive...

not only. ． ． but (also). ． ．Not only ... but also ... / only too very; really / only if must be under the condition of ... / if only I hope, as long as it is fine
Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008?

I don't think so. Now—the young—the old can speak some English.

A． either, or B． not only, but also
C． neither, nor D． both, or
(Huanggang, Hubei in 2003)
Analysis of the meaning of the sentence: ——In 2008, is there any problem in the communication between foreigners and Chinese?I don't think so.Now not only young people but also old people can speak a few words of English.The answer is B. "either...or..." means "or...or...", "not only...but also..." means "not only...but also...", "neither. ...nor..." means "neither...nor...", there is no such usage as "both...or...".

①The different positions of only in the sentence: the components of only modification are different, the word order is also different, and the meaning of the sentence is very different.Comparison: He only (Only he) can do it.That thing only he can do. (Modifies the subject)／He can only do that. (=He can d0 that only.) He can only do that. (modified predicate)/He did only that.He just did that. (Modify object) When only modifies the subject, it is usually placed before the subject.Example: Only you understand me.Only you know me.

⑧ "only+infinitive (phrase)" is used as an adverbial of result (note that just is not used), usually expressing an unexpected or disappointing result.Example: I arrived at the supermarket only to find I'd left a11 my money at home.When I went to the supermarket, I found that all the money was left at home. "only+present participle (phrase)" usually expresses a natural and logical result.Example: He ate some bad fish only feeling sick.He ate some spoiled fish and felt a little sick as a result.

With open arms enthusiastically / open wide wide open / open fire on (at) open fire to ... / open into lead to / open one's heart to ... speak from the heart; sympathy / open up fight; open; show; open ／open(up)one's eyes makes eye-opening／open timeopening time

close/shut/fold/unfold
Wu Dong was tired that he couldn't keep his eyes___．

A． too, open B． so, closed C． too, closed D． so. open
(Heilongjiang Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: Wu Dong was so tired that he couldn't open his eyes.The answer is D.This question has examined so. ． ． The sentence pattern of that also examines the usage of keep followed by object complements.

else otherwise / or so approximately.left and right / whether. ． ． or. ． ．whether

1. This shop opens from 8:00 am. to 5:30 p. m. ． You can go there this morning.
——this afternoon.

A． so B． but
C． and
D． or
(Chongwen District, Beijing, 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: The store is open from 8 am to 5:[-] pm, you can go there this morning or afternoon.The answer is D. so "so, so"; but means turning, "but"; and means juxtaposition; or means choice, "or".Here it means to choose from two times, so choose or.In addition, or is often used in choice questions.For example: Is he a teacher or a doctor?Is he a teacher or a doctor? Shall we go home or stay here?Shall we go home or stay here?
2. We must study hard． ___we'11 fail in the exam．

A． but B． and C. so D． or
(Henan Province in 2000)
Analysis sentence meaning: We must study hard, otherwise we will not pass the exam.The answer is D. or is a coordinating conjunction.Connect two parallel sentences with opposite meanings, expressing "otherwise".Other options do not fit the question.

When the connected words are not the same person, the number of the predicate verb is the same as the number of the nearest word.Example: Were you or he there then?Was it you or was he there?
orange is． ． ． ． ——orange
A． | , B． An, theC． A, an
D． An． /
(2003, Haidian District, Beijing)
Analysis sentence meaning: orange is orange.The answer is D. When orange means "orange, tangerine", it is used as a countable noun.Modified with an in front. An orange is orange means "orange is orange".The first orange is a noun and the second is an adjective.

in order in good condition; tidy.Orderly / in order that (to) for; in order to facilitate / in the right order in the correct order / out of order reversed; the situation is not good; breakdown / order sb. to do order someone to do something / order sth. from Order from.../under order in order to

some soldiers are standing in the street to——.
A． take ordersB． keep orderC． obey orders D． give orders
(Shanghai in 2002)
Analysis sentence meaning: Some soldiers are standing on the street to maintain order.The answer is B, which means "maintain order". A means "accept orders", C means "obey orders", and D means "issue orders", all of which are inappropriate.

each other each other; each other / some. ． ． others． ． ．Some...others.../every other every other.../in other words in other words/one. ． ． the other one...another (the total is two)/one. ． ． the others one...the rest/(on the one hand). ． ． on the other hand (on the one hand)...on the other hand/some. ． ． the others some...the rest/the other day a few days ago; that day
The Smiths have visited two famous cities. One is in Japan and na.

A． another B． otherC． others D． the other
(Henan Province in 2001)
Analysis sentence meaning: The Smith family visited two famous cities, one in Japan and the other in China.The answer is D. one. ． ． The other refers to "one...another".Such as: I have two pencils. One is short; the other is long.I have two pencils, one long and one short. another is "another", other is "other", and others are other people or things.

①other needs to be placed before the noun, and you can’t just use other to modify the singular form of the noun. It must be used in conjunction with no, any, some, etc., or use anotherro. Example: Do you have any other question?Do you have any other questions? A ②When other is used in conjunction with a numeral, it should usually be placed after the numeral, but if a definite article is used before it, it can be before or after, such as: Give me the other two books. /Give me the two other books.

Example: This house is ours.This house is ours.Here ours is equivalent to our house, in order to avoid repetition with the subject, use its noun possessive pronoun form ours.

our(us)'selves(self) ourselves
out of from...outward/out of danger/be out for desire, want to get/be out to do attempt, hope to do/go all out go all out/out of the question is impossible/out of question is not a problem
Hello. may I speak to Mike?

——Please call back later.

A． Wait a minute B． Hold on for a moment
C． Speaking D． sorry, he is out
(Anhui Province in 2002)
Analysis sentence meaning: - Hello, can I talk to Mike? --sorry.He's not here, please call again later.The answer is D.The second half of the sentence asks the other party to "call later", which means that Mike is not there, so only D fits the meaning of the question.

the outside of the house / outside the door / the outside doors outside the door
out/out of/outer/outdoors/inside/indoor/into
"Outside (inside)" uses the word outside (inside) to express this meaning without using of.Example: The children are playing outside the street.Children are playing across the road.

all over the whole body; the whole / over and over over and over again; repeated / over there / over and over again over and over again
Of one's own belongs to someone's own / on one's own alone; independently;
① The adjective own is used after the possessive pronoun to strengthen the tone and cannot be used alone.Example: She saw it with her own eyes.That was what she saw with her own eyes. ②Used behind possessive nouns or possessive pronouns, not behind articles.Example: I now have enough money to buy my own house.I now have enough money to buy a house of my own.

have a pain in． ． ．Part pain/tin pain in pain towel/with pain because of pain/spare no pains, spare no pains, take pains to do, work hard, do painstakingly

a pair of a pair (double, delete...)／in pairs in pairs

Quantitative expression of paper
Newspaper: a newspaper; two newspapers
Paper: a sheet (piece) of paper.

part of part, partial / take part in to participate in (activity) / in part partly / on one's part in someone's side / part from sb.Share R with someone / play the part of... role / part music chorus, ensemble / part owner shareholder / part song three people with ten chorus / part time concurrently, part-time / a man of parts talented person / the better part better way / the best part the largest or most part / take part with favor, support

partly partly

part (point) + y (noun suffix) - a part separated from the whole - party
a tea (garden, birthday, evening) party tea party (garden party, birthday party, party) / Communist Party / have a party / at the party / Party member
一Did you go to Jim's birthday party?

One No——.
A． am not invited B． wasn't invited
C． haven't invited D． didn't invite
(Beijing in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning: ——Did you go to Jim's birthday party? —No, I was not invited.

The answer is B.According to the meaning of the context, item C is the present perfect tense, and the tense and voice are incorrect; item D is "I am not invited", and the voice is incorrect; one should be selected from A and B, and the application can be judged by the above "did" Passive voice in the past tense.So choose B.

pass sb. sth． (=pass sth. to sb.) Pass ... to ... / pass away (on) died / pass by / pass sb. (sth.) by ignore, do not pay attention / pass sth. on pass/pass through experience.experience; pass through / pass over not paying attention, ignore / pass a remark to express opinions; state what you see / pass a resolution pass a resolution; make a resolution / pass across / pass along slide...m pass; pass; go forward Some/pass an opinion to comment; express opinions/pass around points; distribute/pass beyond/pass by on the other side small help; not sympathetic; ． ． to...from...pass to...; change from...to.../pass in review check; review; review/pass into become; become; enter/pass. ． ． into put... into / pass off to stop; terminate; (things) happen; to the end / pass one's understanding don't understand; difficult to understand / pass out distribution; distribution; lost; death / pass out of existence disappear / pass out of (one's) mind is forgotten / pass out of sight invisible; gradually disappear / pass the examination pass the exam; pass the exam / pass the time kill time
pass the word to convey the command; to pass the word/pass to to; to pass to; pass to pass can be connected with double objects, when the indirect object is behind the direct object, add the preposition to before the indirect object, and cannot add for.

Expressions of past, present and future: in the past, at present, in the future
pay attention to attention/pay for sth.To pay for / pay sb.Pay someone/pay sb. money for sth．Pay someone for ... / pay a visit to visit, visit / pay sb. off to pay off; fire someone/pay sth. off pay off / pay money to sb.Pay someone/receive pay to receive wages/equal pay/overtime pay/overtime pay/pay towards to pay for...; give money to help/pay up to repay
When pay (to pay, to pay) is used as a transitive verb, its object is usually people or money, or both are double objects, such as: I paid him.I paid him. /I paid the money.I paid for it. /I paid him the money.I paid him the money.It means pay for when you pay for something, such as: I've paid for the book.I have paid for this book.

people of all ranks / people from all walks of life / a group of people / local people

human being people/man people, human beings/race race/citizen citizens, citizens/population Zhanmin, population/short man short brother
white man／stupid person／well—read man／honest rfla／busy man／single man／man of taste／children／black man／yellow race

——What do you think of a war. Lin Tao?

I've no idea. But it's a fact that—people had to leave their hometown during the War on Iraq.

A． three thousands B． thousand ot
C． thousands of D． several thousand
(Huanggang, Hubei in 2003)
Analysis sentence meaning:——What do you think about war, Lin Tao? —I have no opinion, but the fact is that during the Iraq War, thousands of people had to leave their hometowns.The answer is C.

When there is a specific number before thousand, you cannot add ...S' to exclude A, and only add "S" after thousand to follow of, and exclude B. "several thousands" should be "several thousand", because several are regarded as body numbers, so the answer is C.

①people means "people, people", emphasizing collectively, it is a collective noun that expresses plural meanings, and S cannot be added after it.Example: (×) Five peoples came to see him. (√)Five people came to see him. 5 people came to see him. "people" is a singular form, but it expresses a plural meaning. people "nation" is a countable noun, such as: a people a nation, two peopies two nations and so on.Example: Ireland was inhabited by two peoples.Ireland is inhabited by two peoples.

in person personally
take a photo of sb．take a picture of someone

play the piano

pick out choice, distinguish / pick up oneself stand up after falling / pick up sb.Carry people, pick people up; get to know people/pick up to listen to (broadcast), pick up, understand/pick on sb.Pick someone/pick off
(End of this chapter)