Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 11 Three Paintings (6)
See "New Compendium of Materia Medica" for Folium wannenfolia.It is the leaf of the perennial evergreen herbaceous plant evergreen Rohdea japonica Roth. of Liliaceae.Cultivated everywhere.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, astringent, slightly cold.Guixin, kidney, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and Application】Strengthening the heart and diuresis: It can be used alone for heart failure, edema of the face and limbs, difficulty in urination.Heat-clearing and detoxifying: For sore throat with toxic heat, pound the juice alone, add vinegar, and swallow the throat frequently; for sores, snake bites, pound the juice and apply externally.Cooling blood to stop bleeding: used for hemoptysis and hematemesis caused by heat-injured blood collaterals.

Modern commonly used in heart disease edema, tonsillitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis.For the treatment of chronic bronchitis, 9-15g of fresh leaves can be decocted in water, taken after meals in 3 times, and 5 days is a course of treatment.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-9g (fresh product 9-15g).External application: Appropriate amount, decocted in water for fumigation; or smashed for application.

[Cautions for use] This product is slightly poisonous, take it with caution.

【Modern research】This product contains vernicin.It has the effect of enhancing myocardial contractility.

See "Materia Medica Congxin" for the root of evergreen.It is the rhizome of Rohdea japonica Roth.

[Synonym] Snake Sword, Sky Seven, White River Chariot, Bamboo Root Seven, Iron Pole, Green Gentian.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, sweet, cold.It is slightly poisonous.GUIXIN, lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and Application】Strengthening the heart and diuresis: For heart failure, edema, bloating, dysuria, 30g can be used alone, and 20mL decoction can be used as a retention enema in the morning and evening; or 9-15g (fresh product 15-30g) can be used alone. Decoction in water; or made into extract.Heat-clearing and detoxifying: used for carbuncle furuncle swollen toxin with accumulation of toxic heat, boils yellowing, snake bites, burns and scalds, fresh products smashed for external application; for sore throat, fresh products pounded juice frequently swallowed in the throat; used for hemorrhoids For swelling and pain, decoct in water and fumigate and wash.Cooling blood to stop bleeding: It is used for hematemesis, hemoptysis, and metrorrhagia caused by heat-injured blood collaterals. It can be compatible with arborvitae leaves, lotus root, Agrimony, etc.

Modern commonly used in rheumatic heart disease heart failure, tonsillitis, mumps, bacillary dysentery, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and so on.For the treatment of bacillary dysentery, 20% evergreen vinegar infusion can be taken orally, 5mL for the first time, 3-4mL each time thereafter, 3-4 times a day, 5-7 days as a course of treatment.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-6g (fresh product 9-15g); external application: appropriate amount, pounded with juice and applied; nasal congestion; or decocted for fumigation.

[Cautions for use] Use with caution in those with physical weakness and pregnant women.Oral administration is irritating and can easily cause nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, so the dosage should not be too large.

[Modern Research] The rhizome contains evergreen glycosides A, B, C, D, and evergreen glycosides, etc.Vaniricin can enhance myocardial contractility, excite the vagus nerve and inhibit myocardial conduction, slow down the heart rate, and has a stronger cardiotonic effect similar to digitalis.The diluent constricts intestinal vessels at lower concentrations, and dilates coronary vessels, renal vessels, cerebral vessels, and extremities; at high concentrations, it can constrict blood vessels in various tissues and organs.The extract of evergreen has a diuretic effect and a contraction effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscle.The tincture has inhibitory effect on Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Staphylococcus aureus, B-hemolytic streptococcus and Bacillus subtilis in vitro.

See "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" for yam.It is the rhizome of Dioscorea opposita Thunb., a perennial twisting herbaceous plant of Dioscoreaceae.Mainly produced in Henan, Shanxi, Hebei, Shaanxi and other places.

[Synonym] Dioscorea, Yam, Shuyu, Huai Yam, Buddha Palm Potato, Huai Yam, Fried Yam.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, flat.Return spleen, lung, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Replenishing the spleen and stomach: used for weak spleen and stomach, fatigue and less food, and loose stools. Take it with Atractylodes macrocephala and ginseng pills ("Shengji Zonglu"); if you have spleen deficiency and food accumulation, you can use it with hawthorn and malt; The former son and so on, such as the end with soup ("Fu Qingzhu Women's Section").Nourish the lungs and nourish yin: for chronic cough due to lung deficiency and fatigue cough, it can be combined with Radix Ginseng, Ophiopogon japonicus, etc.; for asthma and cough due to both lung and kidney deficiency, it is often combined with Rehmannia glutinosa, Cornus officinalis, Schisandra chinensis, etc. Because of the Pulse Governance").Strengthening the kidney and astringent essence: for kidney deficiency, nocturnal emission, frequent urination, often used together with dogwood and rehmannia glutinosa, such as Liuwei Dihuang Wan ("Pediatric Medicine and Syndrome Zhi Jue"); for frequent urination, it can also be used as a pill with Yizhiren and Wuyao. That is, shrinking spring pills ("School Annotated Prescriptions for Women").In addition, if it is compatible with Astragalus, Anemarrhena, Pollen, Ophiopogon japonicus, Pueraria root, etc., it can also treat the deficiency of both qi and yin.

Modern commonly used in chronic enteritis, chronic gastritis, indigestion, chronic bronchitis, diabetes, chronic nephritis, enuresis in children, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-18g; or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying.

[Cautions for use] This product is sweet and can help dampness to produce fullness, so it is contraindicated for those with excessive dampness and fullness, or those with stagnant excess and evil.

[Modern Research] Contains saponins, mucus, choline, starch, vitamin C, etc.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for Shannai.It is the rhizome of Kaempferia galanga L., a perennial herbaceous plant of Zingiberaceae.Mainly produced in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Taiwan and other places.

[Synonyms] Sanaizi, Sanlai, Sanai, Shanla, Shajiang.

[nature and flavor return to the meridian] pungent, warm.Return to the spleen and stomach meridians.

【Efficacy and Application】Warming the Middle and Dispelling Food: It is used for the heart and abdomen pain caused by deficiency and cold in the middle Jiao and poor Yang Qi. It can be taken as a pill with cloves, angelica, and licorice. Divine Comedy, radish seeds, tangerine peel, etc.Expelling wind and relieving pain: used for toothache, grind into powder and rub teeth, or use equivalently with musk.Removing blood stasis and reducing swelling: used for bruises, rheumatic arthralgia, can be compatible with Chuanxiong, Chishao, Frankincense, etc.

Modern commonly used in chronic gastritis, acute gastroenteritis, indigestion, rheumatoid arthritis and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-6g; or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, crushed for applying; or powdered for applying.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated in patients with yin deficiency and blood deficiency, and stagnation of fire in the stomach.

[Modern Research] Contains volatile oil, protein, starch, and mucus.The main components in the oil are ethyl cinnamate, ethyl coumarate, borneol, eucalyptol, etc.The decoction has an excitatory effect on the isolated intestine of guinea pigs.It has different degrees of inhibitory effects on 10 common pathogenic fungi in test tubes.Behenic acid has anti-inflammatory effect and vitamin P-like effect on animals.

See "Book of Materia Medica" for Alpinia alba.It is the rhizome or whole plant of the perennial herb of Zingiberaceae and Alpinia japonica Miq.Distributed in the vast areas of south-central, southeast and southwest China.

[Synonyms] Jiangqi, Jiulongpan, Jiujianglian.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, warm.Return liver, spleen, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】Warming the middle and dispelling cold: For deficiency and coldness in the middle Jiao, cold pain in the abdomen, it can be used in the same amount as black medicine, ground into powder, and taken with warm water; or used with Evodia, Codonopsis, and Atractylodes macrocephala.Expelling wind and dredging collaterals: For rheumatic arthralgia, it can be soaked in wine with Uncaria root, mulberry branch, etc.; or decocted with Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Acanthopanax bark for washing.Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis: for bruises, it can be soaked in wine with the root of Sacred Root, Madder Root, Achyranthes Radix, Eupatorium, etc.; it can be mashed together with Dandelion for external application to treat unknown swelling.In addition, this product also has antitussive effect, which can be used for exogenous cough and chronic cough due to physical deficiency.For exogenous cough, it can be used with perilla; for deficiency cough, grind powder and walnut kernels, add honey, mix well, steam and make pills.

Modern commonly used in chronic gastroenteritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, rheumatoid arthritis, bruises and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-6g; or soak in wine.External application: appropriate amount, smashed, rubbed with wine; or decocted for washing.

See "Newly Revised Materia Medica" for hawthorn.It is the fruit of Rosaceae deciduous trees or large shrubs Crataeguspinnati fida Bge.var.maior NEBr. or wild hawthorn Crataegus cuneata Sieb.et Zucc.The former is mainly produced in North China and Northeast China; the latter is mainly distributed in the south.

[Synonym] Shanlihong, hawthorn, hawthorn meat, burnt hawthorn, fried hawthorn, hawthorn charcoal.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sour, sweet, slightly warm.Return spleen, stomach, liver channel.

[Function and application] Digestion and accumulation: used for various food accumulations such as meat, milk, pasta, etc., especially for meat and milk accumulation. It can be used alone for cooking, and it is also often used with divine comedy, malt, radish seeds, orange peel, etc. , such as Baohe Wan ("Danxi Xinfa").Dispersing blood stasis and promoting qi circulation: used for stinging pain in trusted subordinates due to blood stasis, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis and abdominal pain.It is often used with Chuanxiong, Danshen, and safflower for stinging pain in trusted subordinates; for irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, and postpartum blood stasis and abdominal pain, it is often compatible with angelica, Cyperus cyperi, and safflower.If it is used with orange core, cumin, black medicine, etc., it can also treat hernia and abdominal pain.Antidiarrheal and antidiarrheal: For diarrhea and abdominal pain, it can be decocted with burnt hawthorn alone, or powdered with hawthorn charcoal.

Modern commonly used in dyspepsia, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, essential hypertension, chronic gastritis, acute and chronic enteritis, bacillary dysentery, acute and chronic viral hepatitis, chronic pyelonephritis, tapeworm disease, menstrual overdue To or amenorrhea.For the treatment of acute bacillary dysentery, 60g of hawthorn decoction can be used alone, or made into 20% hawthorn decoction (sugar added to correct ignorance), 200mL per serving, 3 times a day, 7 to 10 days is a course of treatment; treatment of hypertension , can be used to make syrup from hawthorn, take 1mL each time, take it 20 times a day, and take it for 3 month or more.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-12g; or into pills or powder.External application: decocted for washing or smashed for applying.

[Cautions for use] Use with caution in patients with weak spleen and stomach and hyperacidity.

[Modern Research] Contains tartaric acid, citric acid, maslinic acid, malic acid, flavonoids, lactones, sugars and glycosides, vitamin C, etc.Hawthorn extract has a certain cardiotonic effect, which can enhance myocardial contractility, increase cardiac output, and slow down heart rate.It can dilate coronary arteries, increase coronary flow, and reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and oxygen utilization.Hawthorn extract can reduce the blood pressure of anesthetized cats, and can reduce experimental hyperlipidemia in rabbits and young rats.The decoction has antibacterial effects on various types of Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium proteus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Salmonella typhi, etc. .Saponins have the effect of increasing capillary permeability.In addition, hawthorn still has the functions of contracting the uterus, dilating blood vessels, relieving blood stasis, dispelling tapeworms, relieving spasm and sedation.

For yam, see the "Handbook of Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicines" by the Guangzhou Army.It is the stem and leaf of Piper hancei Maxim., a woody vine of the family Piperaceae.Distributed throughout southern my country.

[Synonyms] Wine Cake Vine, Tree Climbing Wind, Stone Beetle, Wall Piercing Wind, Rock Climbing Fragrance, Small Wind Vine, Seeing the Wind Chasing, Drilling the Bone Wind.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, warm.Return liver, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and application】Expelling wind and dampness: used for rheumatic arthralgia, used alone, or decocted with Gentiana chinensis, Duhuo, Clematis, Guizhi, and Chuanxiong.Promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling: for bruises, soaked in wine alone, or appropriate amount of fresh leaves, mashed and heated, and rubbed with a little wine on the affected area.Promoting qi and relieving pain: It is used for gas stagnation and blood stasis for stomach pain, indigestion, dysmenorrhea, and its root is decocted in water alone.If it is taken with galangal, wild pepper, and cuttlefish bone, it can also treat stomach pain due to deficiency and cold.Resolving phlegm and relieving cough: For wind-cold cough and asthma, it can be decocted with water alone.In addition, taking it with epimedium and curculigo infused with wine can cure impotence due to kidney deficiency.

Modern commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, chronic gastritis, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g (15-30g for fresh products); or soak in wine.External application: appropriate amount, decocted for washing; or smashed for applying fresh products.

[Modern research] Contains sea wind tenone, kaempferone, etc.

Shanmutong see "Plant Names and Facts Test".It is the root, stem and leaf of the climbing shrub Clematis finetiana Lévl.et Vant. of Ranunculaceae.Distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and Jiangnan in my country.

[Synonyms] Snowball Vine, Tiger Beard, Heigen, Chongdaoshan, Qianjinzhi, Ten Thousand Years Vine, Tianxianju.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, warm.Return liver, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals: For rheumatic arthralgia, take the leaves and mash them for application, or use the root to grind powder, put it in pork loin and simmer for cooked food, it can also be used in combination with Duhuo, Fangfeng, coix seed, red peony root, angelica, continuation Duan and parasitic are equivalent to decoction; used for bruises, often used together with madder root, decocted in water and wine.Diuretic to treat stranguria: Used for dysuria, it can be used with plantain, fenugreek, and rhubarb.In addition, 30g each of the root of Shan Mutong, [-]g of sugar, and white wine, decocted in water, can cure all kinds of bone throat.

Modern commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, urinary tract infections and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g (30-60g for fresh products).External application: appropriate amount, fresh products smashed for applying.

For mountain licorice, see "Southern Fujian Folk Medicine".It is the stem and leaf of Mussaenda pubescens Ait.f., a vine-like shrub of Rubiaceae.Distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places.

[Synonym] Wild white paper fan, white butterfly, herbal tea vine, wasp vine, raw muscle vine, soil licorice, false honeysuckle vine.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, slightly bitter, cool.Return lung, spleen, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Relieve exterior and clear heat: It can be used for wind-heat cold, heat stroke and fever, and can be decocted with Vitex japonica leaves.Clearing damp-heat: for damp-heat diarrhea, used alone, or used together with Dijin, Portulaca oleracea; used for edema, dysuria, can be compatible with plantago seed, silver flower rattan.Detoxification and swelling: for sores and swollen toxins, water and fire burns, snake bites, smashed for external application alone, or decocted for external washing; for sore throat, fresh leaves and a little salt can be taken, smashed and twisted to swallow slowly .

Modern commonly used for colds, heat stroke, bacillary dysentery, enteritis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, nephritis, bronchitis, sores, boils, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g (30-60g for fresh products).External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying.

【Modern Research】The stem contains stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and arjunalic acid.Leaves contain phenols, amino acids, organic acids, sugars, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and higher aliphatic alcohols.

Mountain white chrysanthemum see "Guizhou Folk Medicine".It is the rooted whole plant of Aster ageratoides Turcz., a perennial herb of Compositae.Distributed all over the country.

[Synonym] Wild white chrysanthemum, white cohosh, mountain Malan, Xiaoshi flower, August frost, white Malan.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, cool.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】Shu Feng Jie Biao: used for fever, aversion to cold, headache due to exogenous wind-heat, alone, or with Solidago 9g each, decocted in water.Heat-clearing and detoxifying: for sore throat and mastitis caused by accumulation of toxic heat, decocted with water alone; for sores and swollen toxins, poisonous snake bites, smashed for compress and twisted juice for oral administration.Cooling blood to stop bleeding: used for epistaxis and hematuria caused by heat-injured blood collaterals, it can be compatible with Rhizoma Imperatae, Maddera Phellodendron, Phellodendron Phellodendri, etc.Eliminating phlegm and relieving cough: For cough due to phlegm-heat and unpleasant phlegm, it can be decocted in single flavor or taken as an extract tablet.

Modern commonly used for colds, influenza, acute and chronic bronchitis, mumps, tonsillitis, mastitis, hepatitis, urinary tract infections, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-60g; or pounded juice to drink.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying.

[Modern Research] Contains flavonoid glycosides, saponins, and sugars, esters, tannins, proteins, amino acids, chlorophyll, etc.The decoction has certain antitussive and expectorant effects when administered into the stomach.It can relieve asthma and enhance the function of adrenal cortex to guinea pigs treated with mixed spray method of histamine and acetylcholine.It can promote the accumulation of iodine in the thyroid gland of mice, improve the vitality of the thyroid gland, promote the body's material metabolism, adjust the balance of the body's neuro-endocrine state, and increase disease resistance.In vitro, it has a certain inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Branham catarrh, Neisseria and influenza virus.

See "Fujian folk herbal medicine" for mountain sesame.It is the whole plant of Helicteres angustifolia L., a small shrub of Wutong family.Distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Southwest.

(End of this chapter)