Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 38 Five Paintings (9)
【Modern Research】Contains volatile oil, saponins, phenols, etc.In animal experiments, it has obvious antitussive, antiasthmatic and sedative effects.In vitro test, volatile oil has a certain inhibitory effect on Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, A-hemolytic streptococcus and Branham catarrhalis.It can also significantly improve the body's tolerance to hypobaric hypoxia.

For the rhizome of Imperatae, see "Book of Materia Medica".It is the rhizome of the perennial grass plant Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.var.major (Nees) CEHubb.It is distributed all over the country.

[Synonyms] Chine root, Dijiegen, thatch root, silky grass root, fresh Chine root, Chine charcoal.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cold.Return lung, stomach, small intestine channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Cooling blood to stop bleeding: It is used for hematemesis, hemoptysis, epistaxis and hematuria caused by blood heat, especially hematuria.It can be decocted in a large amount alone, or used in combination with Shengdi, Arborvitae, Shanzhi, Danpi, etc., such as Shihuisan ("Shiyao Shenshu").Heat-clearing and diuretic: used for hot stranguria, edema, jaundice, dysuria, and can be used with Akebia, Plantago, and Desmodium.Clearing away heat and promoting body fluid: used for polydipsia due to febrile disease, vomiting due to stomach heat, dyspnea due to lung heat, used alone or in combination with reed rhizome.

Modern commonly used in acute nephritis, acute viral hepatitis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, urinary tract infection, etc.To treat acute nephritis, use only 250g of Imperata rhizome root, decoct in water, and take it 2-3 times a day for 1-2 weeks.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g (60-120g for fresh products).

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for people with deficiency of spleen and stomach, excessive urination but not thirsty.

[Modern Research] Contains a large amount of sucrose, glucose, a small amount of fructose, xylose, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, potassium salt, etc.The water decoction of Rhizoma Imperatae has diuretic effect on normal rabbits, which is most obvious when taking the medicine for 5-10 days.Its diuretic effect may be related to the rich potassium salt in the rhizome of Imperata coronata, and the decoction has obvious antibacterial effect on Shigella in test tube.

For ginkgo leaves, see "The Essentials of Materia Medica".It is the leaf of Ginkgo biloba L., a deciduous tree of Ginkgoaceae.

[Synonym] Ginkgo biloba.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, astringent, flat.Return lung, heart, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】Astringing the lung and relieving asthma: used for phlegm-reversing cough and asthma, used alone, or used with ephedra, perilla, almond, etc.Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain: used for chest pain and heartache, used alone, or used with Chuanxiong and safflower.Antidiarrheal and antidiarrheal: To treat diarrhea in children, you can use decoction alone to scrub the palms, soles of the feet, and the sockets of the heart, and in severe cases, you can scrub the top of the head; to treat white turbidity and leukorrhea, it can be used with Gorgon fruit, purslane, and cortex .

In modern times, it is mostly used for chronic bronchitis, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and enteritis in children.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 5-9g; or grind into powder.

[Cautions for use] Do not use if there are real evils.

[Modern Research] Contains flavonoids, 17 amino acids and 25 elements such as potassium, manganese, calcium, strontium, iron, zinc, and aluminum.It can increase cerebral blood flow, improve brain cell metabolism, improve memory function, and improve aging, dementia, and brain dysfunction.It can protect ischemic myocardium, reduce the occurrence of arrhythmia, lower blood fat and inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

For white lentils, see "Bielu of Famous Doctors".It is the seed of lentil Dolichos lablab L., an annual herbaceous liana of the family Fabaceae.It is planted all over the north and south of my country.

[Synonym] Southern lentils, moth eyebrow beans, puffed beans, tea beans, rattan beans, fried lentils.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, flat.Return spleen, stomach warp.

【Application】Strengthen the spleen and harmonize the middle: used for weakness of the spleen and stomach, dereliction of transportation and chemistry, loss of appetite, vomiting or diarrhea, fatigue, malnutrition in children and excessive leucorrhea in women who are betting with dampness and turbidity. It is often compatible with Codonopsis, Atractylodes macrocephala and Poria , fried yam, roasted licorice, etc., such as Shenling Baishu San ("Taiping Huimin Heji Bureau Prescription").Resolving summer heat and removing dampness: used for vomiting and diarrhea caused by heat dampness accumulation, disharmony of the spleen and stomach, often used together with fennel and Magnolia officinalis, that is, fennel drink ("Taiping Huimin Heji Bureau Prescription").

In modern times, it is commonly used for gastrointestinal colds, acute gastroenteritis, chronic enteritis, indigestion, etc. in summer.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g; or into pills or powder.

【Cautions for use】It is suitable for stir-frying for invigorating the spleen and stomach; raw for relieving summer heat.

[Modern Research] Contains protein, vitamin B1, vitamin C, carotene, sucrose, glucose, stachyose, maltose, raffinose, galactose, fructose, starch, etc.

See "Materia Medica for Rescuing Famines" for celandine.It is the whole plant of Chelidonium majus L., a perennial herb with poppy shell.It is distributed in most parts of the country.

[Synonyms] Scutellaria chinensis, Rehmannia rhizome, Broken heart grass, Mountain berberine, Realgar grass, False berberine, Niujinhua, Shanximelon.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.poisonous.Return stomach, large intestine, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and Application】Relief and Pain Relief: For gastrointestinal spasm and pain, used alone, or decocted with the same amount of Burnet; it can also be decocted with sword bean shells, orange peels, etc. or soaked in wine.Constricting the lung and relieving cough: used for non-contracting lung qi and chronic cough, decocted or taken alone, or taken in syrup; it can also be combined with licorice.Clearing damp-heat: for damp-heat diarrhea, it can be used together with Phyllanthus phylloxera; for damp-heat jaundice, it can be compatible with capillary root, dandelion, and stinky grass root.In addition, appropriate amount of fresh grass is smashed and applied to the affected area to treat sores, venomous snake bites, scabies, etc.

现代多用于胃炎、胃溃疡、胃肠道痉挛所致疼痛、肠炎、痢疾、慢性气管炎、百日咳、疥癣、疖肿等。治疗百日咳，可取白屈菜全草，制成100％的糖浆，小儿6个月以内每次5～8mL，6个月～1岁每次8～10mL，1～3岁，10～15mL，6岁以上20～30mL；每日3次，饭前服。

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 1.5-6g.External application: Appropriate amount, pounded into juice and applied.

[Modern Research] Contains a variety of alkaloids, such as chelidonine, sanguine, allocryptine, etc.It can inhibit various smooth muscles and has antispasmodic effect.It also has analgesic effects similar to morphine.In addition, there are anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor effects.

For Baijiangdan, see "Compilation of Medicinal Materials".It is a mixed crystal of mercuric chloride and mercurous chloride.It can be manufactured all over the country, with Jiangxi, Hunan, and Hubei producing the most.

[Synonym] Jiang Dan.

[nature and flavor] pungent, hot.It is very poisonous.

【Efficacy and application】Draining toxins and removing putrefaction: used for carbuncles and ulcers on the back, all furunculosis, used alone, or mixed with other medicines to powder and apply, mixed with water for application.If it has just started, it can be dissipated; if it has become pus, it can be festered;For example, 1 part of Baijiangdan and 9 parts of raw gypsum are ground into a very fine powder, that is, Jiuyi Dan ("Surgery Authentic").

It is mostly used in modern times for acute suppurative infections.

[Usage and Dosage] External application: powdered and sprinkled on sores; or mixed with other medicines; or used as plaster.

【Caution】Toxic and corrosive, do not take it orally.It should also be used in small amounts for external use.

[Modern Research] Mainly contains mercuric chloride and calomel.It has inhibitory effect on purulent bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.

See "Newly Revised Materia Medica" for Baiyaozi.It is the root tuber of Stephania cepharantha Hayata., a perennial twining deciduous vine of the family Fangheceae.Distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and various places in the south of the Yangtze River.

[Synonym] Baiyao, Baiyao root, golden thread hanging turtle, golden thread hanging gourd, iron weight, mountain turtle.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, pungent, cool.It is slightly poisonous.Return spleen, lung, kidney channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for heat-toxin sores, mumps, poisonous snake bites, can be used alone to mash, or grind the juice to apply to the affected area; to treat sore throat, can be made into honeyed pills with borneol, swallowed, or With Pu Nitrate as the end, blow in the throat.Expelling wind and relieving pain: for rheumatic pain, used alone, or taken with centipede orchid and Huoxue Dan soaked in wine; for toothache, slice it and stick it on the painful tooth.Cooling blood and hemostasis: used for vomiting blood, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, bleeding caused by Jinchuang, often grind powder for oral administration and external application.In addition, grind it finely and swallow it slowly with rice vinegar, it can cure the throat of various bones; mash it and apply it externally, it can also cure psoriasis.

In modern times, it is mostly used for acute pharyngitis, mumps, boils, snake bites, rheumatic joint pain, neurodermatitis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-9g; or into pills, powders, and wine preparations.Into powder, 0.6g.External application: appropriate amount, smashed, or ground into powder and withdrawn.

[Modern Research] Containing gold thread hanging guijing, isofantandrine, chrysanthemum and so on.In vitro, guilin has a moderate inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.It has a protective effect on alcohol poisoning and poisonous snake venom.It also has some protective effects against the lethal effects of Clostridium tetani, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, exotoxin of botulinum and tetrodotoxin on mice and guinea pigs.Certain anaphylactic shock is inhibited.Isotetradrine has very low toxicity and has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects, which are similar to phenylbutazone and tetrandrine.

See "Lingnan Herbal Medicine" for white back leaves.It is the leaf of Euphorbiaceae shrub or small tree with white back leaf Mallotus apelta (Lour.) Muell-Arg.Distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places.

[Synonym] White film leaf, white backed paulownia leaf, white backed wood leaf, wild paulownia leaf, Ye Xiabai, white park tree leaf, white face wind leaf, rubber wood leaf, wild hibiscus leaf.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, flat.Return liver, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for carbuncle sores, can be ground into powder with a little borneol, spread on the affected area, can also be smashed with orange leaves, eucalyptus leaves, and tallow leaves to apply on the affected area; for aphtha of the mouth, can be used alone Decoction, mouth or gargle; for ear discharge, can be decocted in water alone, and the filtrate is dripped in the ear.Dispelling dampness and relieving itching: For skin eczema, simply wash the affected area with decoction.Removal of blood stasis and hemostasis: For traumatic bleeding, use only sun-dried and ground powder, apply to the bleeding area, and bandage and fix.

Modern commonly used in cellulitis, suppurative otitis media, oral ulcers, eczema, traumatic bleeding and so on.

【Usage and Dosage】External application: Appropriate amount, smashed for applying; or ground into powder and sprinkled; or decocted for washing.Oral administration: decoction, 1.5-9g.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for Baishouwu.The root tuber of Cynanchumauriculatum Royle.ex Wight.Mainly produced in Sichuan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and other places.

[Synonym] Geshansled, Geshan shovel, Geshanxiao, White Polygonum multiflorum, Baimuxiang, Peace Ginseng, Flying Crane.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, sweet, flat.Return liver, kidney, spleen, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】Replenishing liver and kidney, strengthening bones and muscles: used for liver and kidney deficiency, sore waist and knees, often used with Achyranthes bidentata, Cuscuta, Eucommia, Dipsacus, psoraleae, medlar, etc.; used for impotence, often used with Epimedium Huo, Codonopsis pilosula, Chinese yam, Cuscuta seed, Rosa laevigata are decocted together.Replenishing essence and calming the nerves: used for palpitation, insomnia, dizziness and tinnitus, often used together with jujube seed, polygala, medlar, acacia bark, and heterophylla.Invigorate the spleen and eliminate food: It is used for poor appetite, indigestion, and malnutrition in children with weak spleen and stomach. It can be mixed with glutinous rice grass and chicken dung vine in equal parts, ground into powder, and steamed with rice flour; or mixed with heterophylla, gallinaceous gold, hawthorn, Malt and radish seeds are equally used.Detoxification and treatment of sores: for unknown swollen toxins, appropriate amount of fresh products, smashed, and apply a little wine or vinegar to the affected area.In addition, raw use of this product can also moisten the intestines and relieve constipation.

In modern times, it is often used for impotence, nocturnal emission, sciatica, neurasthenia, senile habitual constipation, hyperlipidemia, etc.

【用法用量】煎服：6～15g（鲜品15～30g）；或研末，1～3g；或浸酒。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷。

【Caution】Do not take too much orally.

[Modern Research] Contains phospholipids, amino acids, potassium, copper, phosphorus, etc.It has the functions of anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, regulating immunity, lowering blood fat, and promoting hair growth.

See "Zhejiang folk herbal medicine" for white bone.It is the rhizome or whole plant of the perennial herbaceous plant Asystasiella neesiana (Wall.) Lindau.Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places.

[Synonyms] Yulong Pan, Jade Bone Bone, Xue Jianshou, Jade Link, Bone Bone Pill, Bone Grass, Gold Does Not Change.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, light, flat.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and Application】Removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding: It is used for vomiting blood, blood in the stool and traumatic bleeding with stasis.To treat hematemesis and blood in the stool, decoct it alone, or grind it into powder and drink it with water; to treat traumatic bleeding, you can mash the fresh product for external application, or use its roots to dry and grind it into powder and sprinkle it for application.Activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis: used for bruises, decocted or taken, or mashed the whole herb with salt and applied externally, bandaged and fixed; or the same amount of rhizome and gardenia, mashed with salt, and applied to the wound.Heat-clearing and detoxifying: treat sore throat and boils.For sore throat, it can be decocted with Scrophulariaceae in equal amount, or gargle with twisted juice and swallowed; for furuncle, it is desirable to add some fresh grass and sugar, mash it for external application.

In modern times, it is mostly used for traumatic bleeding, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, boils, soft tissue sprains, acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 3-10g (30-60g fresh root); or Rensan.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying; or ground into powder and sprinkled.

[Cautions for use] Pregnant women with menorrhagia should take it with caution.

See "Theory of Medicinal Properties" for the white fresh skin.It is the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., a perennial herb of Rutaceae.Mainly produced in Liaoning, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guizhou and other places.

[synonym] stinky root skin, stereotyped cowhide.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return spleen, stomach, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification, drying dampness and relieving itching: used for eczema itching, scabies, yellow water sores, genital swelling and itching, often used with Fangfeng, Shouwu, Atractylodes Rhizoma, Yinhua, etc., such as Baixianpi Decoction ("Uccer "Medical Encyclopedia"); it can also be decocted and washed with Sophora flavescens, Kochia scoparia, Cnidium chinensis, etc.In addition, its heat-clearing, detoxifying, and dehumidifying effects, and proper compatibility can also treat damp-heat jaundice and damp-heat arthralgia.

In modern times, it is mostly used for chronic eczema, urticaria, scabies, acute and chronic viral jaundice hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-9g.External application: appropriate amount, decocted for washing.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for deficiency-cold syndrome.

【Modern research】The root contains cylindrine, cylindrolactone, sitosterol, etc.According to in vitro tests, the 1:4 water extract of Dictatorium cortex has different degrees of inhibitory effects on a variety of pathogenic fungi.A small amount of whitewashine has an excitatory effect on the isolated frog heart, which can increase the tension of the myocardium, increase the minute output and stroke volume.It has obvious contraction effect on isolated rabbit ear blood vessels, and strong contraction effect on uterine smooth muscle of rabbits and guinea pigs.Oral administration of its decoction to feverish rabbits can lower body temperature.

White stiff silkworm see "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic".The larvae of Bombyx moriL., the silkworm moth, are infected with Beauveria bassiana (Bald,) Vuill. and become dead dry worms.It is mainly produced in sericulture areas such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Sichuan.

[synonym] zombie silkworm, zombie worm, celestial worm, ginger worm.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, salty, flat.Return lung, Liver Channel.

【Application】Extinguishing wind and relieving convulsions: used for acute and chronic convulsions, epilepsy, tetanus and other convulsions and convulsions, often used with scorpions and centipedes.For those with excessive phlegm and heat, add Dannan, Bezoar, etc.; for those with slanted mouth and eyes due to apoplexy, it is often combined with Baifuzi and Scorpion, that is, Qianzheng San ("Yang's Family Tibetan Prescription"); chronic convulsions caused by spleen deficiency For convulsions, it can be combined with Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes macrocephala, Gastrodia elata, etc., such as Xingpi powder ("Ancient and Modern Medicine").Detoxification and dissipating stagnation: used for scrofula, sputum, sores, mastitis, mumps, etc., can be used together with honeysuckle, forsythia, Radix Radix and other heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs; for scrofula, it can be used alone or combined with Prunella vulgaris , Fritillaria, oysters, etc.Expelling wind and relieving pain: used for headache and conjunctival congestion caused by wind-heat and liver-heat, often combined with nepeta, mulberry leaves, horsetail, etc. It is used equally with Platycodon grandiflorum, mint, windproof, licorice, etc., such as Liuwei soup ("Throat Secret Collection").In addition, this product can also dispel wind and relieve itching. It can be used alone for itching due to rubella, or it can be used with cicada slough, windproof, mint, etc.; grind it into powder and apply it with mature vinegar to treat mastitis.

(End of this chapter)