Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 39 Five Paintings (10)
In modern times, it is often used for convulsions in children, facial paralysis, tetanus, epilepsy, acute laryngitis, tonsillitis, mumps, boils, and cervical lymphatic tuberculosis.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 4.5-9g; or into pills or powder, 0.5-1.5g.External application: Appropriate amount, grind into powder and apply on the affected area.It is suitable for raw use for dissipating wind and heat; for others, it is mostly used for frying.

[Modern Research] Contains fat and protein, and this protein can stimulate the adrenal cortex.The white powder on the body surface contains ammonium oxalate, which is an active ingredient against strychnine convulsions in mice, and has a certain effect on the treatment of epileptic seizures.It has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, anticoagulant, hypoglycemic and inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

White back notoginseng see "Yunnan Chinese Herbal Medicine".It is the root and rhizome of Gynura divaricate (L.) DC., a perennial herb of Compositae.Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Southwest China.

[Synonym] Big fat cow, gun knife medicine, clear cabbage, blood-scattering ginger, fat Ercao, three hundred sticks, jade loquat, hypericum peach loquat.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, cool.Return liver, lung meridian.

【Efficacy and Application】Moisturizing the lung and relieving cough: used for lung heat and tuberculosis cough, decocted with water alone.Soothing tendons and activating collaterals: For rheumatic arthralgia, decoct it with water alone; for bruises, pound it with fresh grass for application, and drink it with root soaked in wine.Cooling blood to stop bleeding: for metrorrhagia, decocted with water alone; for traumatic bleeding, grind powder and spread on the affected area.In addition, the fresh leaves are smashed, mixed with sugar to make a paste and applied to the affected area, which can also treat water and fire burns.

Modern commonly used in bronchitis, whooping cough, tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bruises and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-15g; or soak in wine.External application: Appropriate amount, pounded fresh products for applying, or powdered for applying.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica" for the white snail shell.It is the old snail shell of Bellamyquadrata (Benson.) or animals of the same genus.Mainly produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places.

[synonym] white snail shell, rib snail shell.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, light, flat.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and Application】Resolving phlegm and relieving cough: For cough due to phlegm-heat, just use the ground powder and take it after mixing.Harmonizing the stomach and relieving pain: used for stomach pain, acid regurgitation, nausea, single-flavored fire calcined, ground powder and warm wine.Squeezing sores and promoting granulation: for sores and sores, single-flavor calcined, ground powder mixed with it; for red bayberry sores, can be mixed with cinnabar in equal parts, a little borneol, and put on at the end: used for water and fire burns, single use , fire-calcined and ground powder, oil-adjusted and applied.

It is commonly used in modern times for acute bronchitis, gastritis, gastric ulcer, intractable sores, burns, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Oral administration: Grind into powder, 3-9g; or into pills.External application: appropriate amount, powdered and sprinkled; or adjusted for applying.

[Modern Research] Mainly contains calcium carbonate and so on.

See "Compendium of Materia Medica Supplements" for Prunella vulgaris.It is the whole plant of Ajuga decumbens Thunb., a perennial herb of Lamiaceae.Distributed in East China, Central South and Southwest China.

[Synonym] Jinchuangxiaocao, Jingucao, Sanxuecao, Herring Gallgrass, Poxuedan, Prunella vulgaris, Sanxuedan, Touguxiao, Huoxuecao, Kudidan.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, sweet, cold.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for carbuncle, furuncle, venomous snake bite, smashed for external application alone, or twisted juice for drinking; used for sore throat caused by heat-toxin attack, often with Shegan, platycodon grandiflorum, and licorice Use; for conjunctival congestion, swelling and pain, decocted or taken alone, or smashed with fresh grass and applied to the eyes.Resolving phlegm and relieving cough: for cough due to lung heat, expectoration with thick yellow phlegm, it can be used together with Peucedanum, Trichosanthes, and Campanulaceae; for carbuncle due to lung heat, coughing up stinky phlegm, it can be taken orally with fresh products pounded into juice, or mixed with coix seed, Campanulaceae, Houttuynia cordata, golden buckwheat, etc. are used equally.Cooling blood and dispersing blood: for bruises, decocted in wine, smashed for external application; for bleeding from trauma, smashed for external application.In addition, it is compatible with Imperata Rhizoma Imperatae, Arborvitae Leaf, Daji, etc., to treat hemoptysis and epistaxis.

Modern commonly used for upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, acute conjunctivitis, bruises, carbuncle furuncle, high blood pressure, etc.To treat high blood pressure, it can be used equally with Uncaria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, and Semen Cassiae.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 10-30g (fresh product 30-60g); or pounded into juice.External application: appropriate amount, pounded for applying; or decocted for washing.

【Modern Research】Contains Neocrotane diterpenoids, cycloalkenes, terpenoids, flavonoids, etc.It has antitussive, expectorant, antiasthmatic, antibacterial, antiviral, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effects.

Hedyotis diffusa see "Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine".It is the rooted whole plant of Rubiaceae 1-year-old herbaceous plant Hedyotis diffusa Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb.Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Jiangxi and other places.

[Synonyms] Hedyotis grass, Herba chinensis, Snake chief pipe, Humulus Erye, Hedyotis huang.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, sweet, cold.Return stomach, large intestine, small intestine, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and promoting dampness: used for damp heat in the bladder, short red urine, dripping hot pain, used alone, or used with plantain, lobelia, and stone weed.To detoxify and eliminate carbuncle: used for pyretic sore carbuncle, sore throat, venomous snake bite, intestinal abscess, taken orally, or pounded and applied to the affected area.To treat sores and carbuncles, it is often used together with honeysuckle, forsythia, and chrysanthemum; to treat intestinal abscess, it is often combined with red rattan, Patrinia, etc.In addition, using its heat-clearing and detoxifying effects, it can also treat a variety of cancers.

Modern commonly used in urinary tract infection, acute tonsillitis, acute pharyngitis, appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, adnexitis, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, rectal cancer, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 30-60g; or pounded into juice.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying.

[Modern Research] Contains undecane, stigmasterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol, etc.In vitro (equivalent to crude drug 6g/mL) has a strong inhibitory effect on acute lymphocytic, granulocytic, mononuclear and chronic granulocytic tumor cells (methylene blue test tube method); measured with a Wagner respirator , has a strong inhibitory effect on the former two.In vitro, it has weak effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella.In animal experiments, the decoction can stimulate the proliferation of the reticuloendothelial system and enhance the activity of phagocytes.

Guadi see "Shen Nong's Materia Medica".It is the fruit pedicle of Cucumis melo L., an annual herbaceous vine of Cucurbitaceae.Produced in most parts of the country.

[synonym] melon pedicle, melon diced, bitter clove, melon handle.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.poisonous.Return stomach meridian.

【Efficacy and application】Footing and vomiting wind and phlegm persistent food: used for phlegm and saliva persistent food obstructing the upper cavity, blinding the clear orifices and causing distension of the chest and cavity, wanting to vomit, dysphoria, or epilepsy, panic, and sore throat.The former is often powdered with the same amount of Chixiaodou, decocted with fragrant black bean soup and taken, that is, Guatisan ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"), to stop vomiting; use.Dispelling dampness and reducing jaundice: used for damp-heat jaundice, damp-heat headache, body and face edema, single-use powder, blowing a little in the nose, and stopping blowing when yellow water flows out of the nose, such as Guadingsan ("Qianjin Yifang").

In modern times, it is mostly used to induce vomiting and treat acute jaundice infectious hepatitis.

【Usage and Dosage】Decoction: 2.5~5g; or into pills or powder, 0.3~1g.External application: appropriate amount, blowing nose to extract saliva.

[Cautions for use] Contraindicated for those with physical weakness, blood loss and no real evil in the upper part.

[Modern Research] Contains cucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin E, cucurbitacin D, isocucurbitacin B, etc.The mixture of cucurbitacin B and cucurbitacin E has anti-hepatitis effect; for rats with carbon tetrachloride liver injury, it can reduce alanine aminotransferase, reduce the loose degeneration, necrosis, vacuoles and other pathological changes of liver cells; Increase liver glycogen and prevent fatty degeneration, enhance cellular immune function, similar to the role of transfer factor.Oral administration can stimulate the gastric mucosa and cause reflex vomiting.After the dog is poisoned, it can cause paralysis of the respiratory center and die.

Gualou see "Shen Nong's Materia Medica".It is the fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., a perennial herbaceous vine of Cucurbitaceae.Mainly produced in Shandong, Anhui, Henan and other places.

[Synonyms] Kulou, Quanlou, Culoupi, Culoushi, Gualoupi, Gualouren, and Lourenshuang.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, bitter, cold.Return lung, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and resolving phlegm: used for phlegm heat blocking the lungs, coughing up yellow and thick phlegm, fullness in the chest and diaphragm, often used together with Scutellaria baicalensis, Citrus aurantium, Danxing, etc., such as Qingqi Huatan Pills ("Medical Prescription Kao") ; Stop drinking and accumulate phlegm, chest tightness and shortness of breath, it can be compatible with pinellia, citrus aurantium, tangerine peel, etc.Kuanxiong Sanjie: used for thoracic obstruction and chest knots.It is often used together with Pinellia and Coptis chinensis for the chest syndrome of phlegm-heat intertwining, that is, Xiaoxianxiong Decoction ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"); for chest pain and heartache caused by phlegm and turbidity, it is often used together with Xiebai and Pinellia. Such as Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction ("Synopsis of the Golden Chamber").Reducing swelling and dissipating stagnation: used for acute mastitis, lung abscess, and intestinal abscess caused by fire-toxin accumulation.For breast abscess, it is often used with dandelion, silver flower, forsythia, shanjia, etc.; for lung abscess, it is often used with silver flower, Houttuynia cordata, and reed rhizome; for intestinal abscess, it is often used with dandelion, paeonol, etc.Moistening bowel and laxative: for intestinal dryness and constipation, it can be decocted with licorice and mixed with honey, that is, Gualou decoction; it can also be combined with hemp seed, Yu Liren, citrus aurantium, etc.

Modern commonly used in acute bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, lung abscess, coronary heart disease, mastitis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-12g; mash into juice or into pills or powder.External application: smashed for applying.

[Cautions for use] It is not suitable for people with spleen and stomach deficiency, loose stools, cold phlegm, and damp phlegm.Anti-aconitum.

【Modern Research】Contains triterpenoid saponins, proteins, organic acids, sugars, resins, etc.Animal experiments have the effect of increasing coronary flow and lowering blood lipids, and can increase the ability of oxygen tolerance.This product has a sedative effect on mice, and has an inhibitory effect on mouse sarcoma and ascites cancer cells.The in vitro anti-cancer effect of Trichosanthes rind is better than that of Trichosanthes wilt kernel, and the 60% ethanol extract has the strongest effect.Decoction or infusion, in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Microsporum audouin, Nocardia aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae And Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Proteus have inhibitory effect.Animal experiments have also proved that the total amino acids isolated from the skin of Trichosanthes have good expectorant effect.

For melon seed gold, see "Plant Name and Fact Test".It is the whole plant or root of Polygala japonica Houtt., a perennial herb of Polygalaceae.Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Yangtze River Basin, and Southwest China.

[Synonym] Golden Key, Polygala, Small Polygaly, Melon Seed Grass, Cinnabar Grass, Sanxue Dan, Zhuye Diding, Melon Seed Lotus, Small Leaf Melon Seed Grass, Cucumber Kernel Grass, Iron Wire Wind, Iron Washing Broom, Postpartum Grass.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] pungent, bitter, cool.Return lung, liver, spleen channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Resolving phlegm and relieving cough: For cough with excessive phlegm and thick sputum, decoct it alone, or mash it and twist it into juice.Calm the mind and calm the nerves: used for palpitation, forgetfulness, and insomnia caused by excessive phlegm-heat, blinded clear orifices, decocted with water alone, and made into a syrup for consumption.Detoxifying and eliminating carbuncles: used for sore throat, carbuncle sores, and snake bites.To treat sore throat, it can be compatible with Hedyotis diffusa, Plantain, etc.; to treat carbuncle and sore, dry and grind into powder, take it with rice wine, or mix it with rice wine and apply to the affected area, or take fresh grass and pound it to apply to the affected area.Promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding: used for vomiting blood, bloody stool, metrorrhagia, irregular menstruation, decocted or mashed and wrung juice.In addition, cooking with pig liver can also treat children with malnutrition.

In modern times, it is mostly used for bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough, stomatitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, insomnia, osteomyelitis, bone and joint tuberculosis, multiple abscesses, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g (30-60g for fresh products); pounded into juice or powdered.External application: pounded fresh grass for applying, or dried and ground into powder for applying.

[Modern Research] Contains triterpene saponins, resins, fatty oils, polygala alcohol, etc.The infusion has a hemolytic effect.The decoction has the effect of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus in vitro.

Gualouzi see "Compendium of Materia Medica".It is the seed of Cucurbitaceae Trichosantheskirilowii Maxim. or Trichosanthes uniflora Hao. Trichosanthes truncata CBClarke.

[synonym] Gualoushi, Louren, Loushi, Gualouren, Gulouren.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cold.Return lung, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Moisturizing the lungs and resolving phlegm: used for cough due to lung heat, sticky phlegm, often used together with Coptis chinensis and Pinellia, that is, Xiaoxianxiong Decoction ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"); Scutellaria baicalensis, etc., such as chaiqitang ("Popular Treatise on Febrile Diseases").Moistening the intestines and laxative: used for dryness and constipation in the elderly or after illness, often used together with hemp seed, peach kernel, baiziren, etc.In addition, powdered vinegar can be used to cure hot red swelling.

Modern commonly used in acute bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, coronary heart disease, habitual constipation and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-12g; or into pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, powdered for applying.

[Cautions for use] Do not take if the spleen and stomach are deficient and cold and cause diarrhea.Anti-aconitum.

[Modern Research] Contains saponins, resins and fatty oils (contains trichosanthenic acid), etc.The pharmacological effect is the same as that of Trichosanthes bark, but weaker.

For the melon skin, see "Lei Gong Pao Shao Lun".It is the pericarp of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. or T.uniflora Hao. of the Cucurbitaceae plant.

[Synonym] Cranium husk, C. chinensis skin, melon shell.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cold.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and resolving phlegm: used for lung qi stagnation, phlegm-heat cough, often compatible with Fritillaria, almonds, platycodon grandiflora, etc.Kuanzhong Sanjie: used for chest obstruction caused by phlegm and qi stagnation, often used together with Xiebai and Pinellia, such as Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction ("Synopsis of the Golden Chamber").In addition, if it is decocted with dandelion in the same amount, it can cure milk carbuncle; rubbing teeth with honeycomb ash can cure tooth pain.

Modern commonly used in coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-12g; or powder.External application: Appropriate amount, ground into powder for applying after burning.

[Cautions for use] Not suitable for spleen deficiency and damp phlegm.Anti-aconitum.

[Modern Research] Contains saponins, organic acids, resins, etc.Coronary flow can be increased in isolated guinea pig hearts.The extract can still increase the ability of mice to tolerate hypoxia.It can kill ascites cancer cells in vitro.The total amino acids isolated from the skin of Trichosanthes L. have good expectorant effect.

For wax gourd, see "Compendium of Materia Medica".It is the fruit of the 1-year-old climbing herbaceous plant Winter Melon Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. in Cucurbitaceae.It is cultivated all over the country.

[synonym] white melon, winter melon, white winter melon, pillow melon.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, light, cold.Return lung, large intestine, small intestine, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Reducing water and reducing swelling: used for edema and fullness, difficulty urinating, and stranguria, can be used together with Chixiaodou, such as winter melon balls ("Yang's Family Tibetan Recipe"), or boiled carp head juice, and winter melon and scallion for soup Food.Clearing away heat and promoting body fluid: for hot thirst and thirst, you can mash fresh melon and winter to get juice, and drink it in large quantities; for quenching thirst caused by heartburn, it can also be used together with Coptis chinensis, such as Gualian Wan ("Experience Good square").Heat-clearing and toxic substances removing: for carbuncle sores, it can be smashed and applied externally; to treat hemorrhoids, it can be decocted and fumigated.

Modern commonly used in nephritis edema, liver cirrhosis ascites, acute and chronic diabetes and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 60-120g; or pounded into juice.External application: smashed for applying or decocted for washing.

[Modern Research] Contains resinous substances, sugar, crude fiber, carotene, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin C, etc.

For winter melon seeds, see "Newly Revised Materia Medica".It is the seed of Cucurbitaceae wax gourd Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.

[synonym] melon seeds, melon petals, winter melon kernels, white melon seeds.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cool.Return lung, large intestine, small intestine channel.

(End of this chapter)