Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chapter 67 Eight Paintings (5)
[Caution for use] Bitter almonds are poisonous, and the dosage should be controlled. Overdose may cause coma, convulsions, respiratory paralysis, mydriasis and other poisoning symptoms, and eventually lead to death.The poisoned person must immediately inject sodium nitrite intravenously, and then slowly inject sodium thiosulfate intravenously for emergency detoxification.The folks take apricot bark or apricot root decoction orally for rescue.Yin deficiency cough and loose stools should not be used.Use with caution on infants.

[Modern Research] Contains amygdalin, almond oil, protein and various free amino acids.Laetrile decomposes in the body to produce hydrocyanic acid, which is highly toxic.However, trace amounts of hydrocyanic acid can calm the respiratory center and have antitussive and antiasthmatic effects.Almond oil lubricates the intestines and promotes bowel movements.

Bitter beans see "Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Xinjiang".It is the whole grass and seeds of Sophora alopeouroides L., a leguminous shrub plant.Mainly produced in Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet and other places.

[synonym] Buya (dimensional name).

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.poisonous.Return stomach, large intestine, small intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and dampness: for damp-heat dysentery, leukorrhagia, stir-fry until black, grind into powder or decoct the whole herb for oral administration; for heat-toxin sores, take the seeds and decoct them for external washing; treat eczema, For stubborn tinea, rub it externally with dry distilled oil and 10% ointment.Harmonizing stomach and relieving pain: used for stomach pain and acid regurgitation, it can be used with ginger and dandelion.

It is commonly used in modern times for acute and chronic bacillary dysentery, amoebic dysentery, gastroenteritis, skin suppurative infection, eczema, etc.For the treatment of acute bacillary dysentery, stir-fry until black for single use, grind into powder, 1g each time, 3 times a day.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction of whole herb: 1.5-3g; fried black seeds and powder: 1g.External application: Appropriate amount, decocted in water and washed outside.

[Caution for use] Excessive oral administration or unsuitable frying may cause side effects such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and irritability.

[Modern Research] Seeds contain matrine, cytisine, sophoramine, sophocarpine, sophoranine, aloperine, etc., and the leaves also contain sugar and protein.Intravenous injection of matrine, sophocarpine, and sophoridine can cause the blood pressure of animals to rise first and then drop; it has excitatory effects on isolated hearts of warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals; it has contraction effects on peripheral and visceral blood vessels.Matrine has the strongest effect on blood pressure, while sophocarpine and sophoridine have the strongest effects on the heart and blood vessels.

See "Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine" for bitter bark.It is the bark, root bark or stem of Picrasma quassioides (D.Don) Benn.It is mostly distributed in the provinces south of the Yellow River Basin.

[Synonym] Bitter skin, mountain bear bile, dog wood, bitter bile wood, bitter bark tree, neem tree, bitter wood.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.poisonous.Return large intestine, small intestine, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】clearing heat and dampness: used for damp-heat dysentery, abdominal pain, diarrhea, single-use powder, or tablet for oral administration.Detoxification and killing insects: used for pyretic sores, sore throat, mange, eczema, powdered for dressing, or decocted for external washing, and powdered for oral administration.

Modern commonly used in acute bacillary dysentery, biliary tract infection, acute suppurative infection, stomach pain, lymphadenitis, epididymitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, pleurisy, chronic bronchitis, burns, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Oral administration: Grind into powder, take after mixing with water, 1-3g, or make tablets.External application: Appropriate amount, decocted for washing or powdered for application.

【Caution】Not suitable for pregnant women.

[Modern Research] Wood contains picrin, isopicrin, picrin A, B, C, D, E, F, G, etc.The total alkaloids have inhibitory effects on hemolytic beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, Bacillus subtilis, etc. in vitro.Bitterwood can be used as a stomachic agent.It can inhibit the movement of amoeba histolytica in vitro; infusion enema can cure pinworms.

See "Guizhou Folk Medicine Collection" for tartary buckwheat.It is the tuber and rhizome of Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn., an annual herbaceous plant of Polygonaceae.Mainly produced in Northeast, Northwest, Southwest and other places.

[synonym] buckwheat seven, buckwheat seven.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, bitter, flat.Return spleen, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and Application】Strengthening the stomach and smoothing the Qi: for abdominal fullness and epigastric pain, decocted and taken alone; for children with malnutrition, it can be taken with the same amount of chicken dung vine and stinky peony, and grind it into powder.Dehumidification and pain relief: used for anemofrigid-damp arthralgia, waist and leg pain, decocted in water, or decocted in water for fumigation.In addition, each 30g of Baoshilian and 15g of black bamboo root, decocted in water, can cure rabies.

It is commonly used in modern times for acute bacillary dysentery, indigestion, gastric ulcer, rheumatoid arthritis, lumbar muscle strain, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-30g; soak in wine or grind into powder.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying; or decocted for fumigation and washing.

[Cautions for use] Excessive consumption can hinder stomach qi.

[Modern Research] Contains flavonoid components such as rutin, and is a rich source of flavonoids.It has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

See "Materia Medica for Rescuing Famines" for bitter herbs.It is the whole plant of Ixeris denticulata (Houtt.) Stebb., a perennial herb of Compositae.Distributed throughout the north and south of my country.

[synonym] bitter grass, panercao, bitter ball vegetables, bitter Dingcai.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return spleen, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】Detoxification and detumescence: used for carbuncle, furuncle, acute mastitis, smashed together with dandelion and chrysanthemum, or mixed with burdock and ox rhubarb in equal parts, ground into powder, blended with sesame oil and applied; used for mouth and tongue For sores, decoct it with water and gargle; for sore throat, decoct it with Achyranthes bidentata and mint and gargle.Clearing away heat and dampness: for damp-heat dysentery, it can be decocted with liquidambar leaves, or ground brocade; for stranguria, hematuria, decocted in half and half of water and wine; for vaginal itching of women, decocted in water and smoked alone Wash the affected area.In addition, simply decocting it with water and adding wine to take it after mixing it with water, smashing the dregs of the medicine and applying it to the affected area can cure bruises.

In modern times, it is often used for carbuncle furuncle swelling and pain, mastitis, acute tonsillitis, erosion of the tongue, vaginal trichomoniasis, bruises, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g (30-60g for fresh products).External application: Appropriate amount smashed for applying; or pounded juice for applying; or powdered for application; or decocted for washing.

Kuhulu see "Compendium of Materia Medica".It is the fruit of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.var.gourda Ser., an annual climbing herb of Cucurbitaceae.It is distributed in most parts of our country.

[Synonym] Bitter gourd, bitter gourd, Yayaohulu, medicine pot, long-handled gourd, golden gourd, Beijing gourd, small gourd.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return lung, spleen channel.

【Efficacy and application】Reducing water and reducing swelling: used for edema and fullness, difficulty in urination, decocted alone, or used in the same way with Tinglizi; it can also be decocted with worm shoots.Detoxification and dissipating stagnation: used for carbuncle, malignant sore, scabies, alone with boiled juice, or mixed with snake shed skin, exposing hives to make fine powder, mixed with oil and applied to the affected area.

Modern commonly used in nephritis edema, dysuria, ascites, jaundice, diabetes and so on.To treat diabetes, 30g of Kuhulu can be used alone, decocted in water.

【Usage and Dosage】Decoction: 6-9g; or as pills or powder.External application: appropriate amount, decocted in water for fumigation and washing.

For the bark of neem, see "Book of Materia Medica for Emergencies by History and Cards".It is the root bark or bark of Melia azedarach L. or Melia toosendan Sieb.et Zucc., a deciduous tree of Meliaceae.It is mainly produced in North China, East China, Central South and Southwest China.

[synonym] neem bark, neem root wood bark, double white bark.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.It is slightly poisonous.Return liver, spleen, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and dampness: for scabies, tinea capitis, single-use powder, mix thoroughly with vinegar or lard and apply to the affected area.Insect repellent: used for ascariasis, hookworm, pinworm, decocted in single flavor, or used together with catkin, thunder pill, crane wind, betel nut, etc.To treat pinworms, it can also be ground into powder, made into suppositories with honey, stuffed into the anus, or mixed with Baibu and ebony, decocted in thick soup every night for enema, and used continuously for 3 to 4 days; for vaginal trichomonas, decocted and washed outside, Or suppositories for external use.

Modern commonly used in scabies, ascariasis, pinworms, vaginal trichomoniasis and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-10g (15-30g for fresh products).External application: Appropriate amount, powdered for application, or decocted for fumigation and washing, or used as a suppository.

[Caution for use] It is irritating to the stomach, so the weak, pregnant women, and patients with hepatitis and nephritis should take it with caution.

[Modern Research] Contains azadirachtin, azadirene ketone lactone, azadirachterene alcohol lactone, azadirachterene ketone.Azadirachtin has the effect of repelling roundworms. At high concentrations, it can paralyze the roundworms, especially the nerve rings in the head. At low concentrations, it has obvious excitatory effects, making the insects unable to attach to the intestinal wall and be expelled from the body.The ethanol extract of neem seed has obvious inhibitory effect on some common pathogenic fungi in vitro tests; the hot water extract has antifungal effect.Azadirachtin can still excite rabbit intestinal muscles in situ and in vitro, increasing the tension and contraction force, so it is not necessary to add laxatives when it is used for deworming.

For the gall root, see "Preparation for Herbal Medicine".It is the root of Elephantopus scaber L., a plant of Compositae.It is mainly produced in the Yangtze River Basin and various places in the south of the Yangtze River.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, cold.Return lung, small intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for heatstroke fever, cold fever, sore throat, decocted with water alone; for carbuncle sores, mastitis, decocted with water and taken with wine alone, or smashed with wine and applied to the affected area.Diuresis and swelling: for edema and difficulty urinating, use it alone to mash it, mix 2 eggs and fry it into a cake.In addition, decoction with wine alone can cure bruises.

In modern times, it is commonly used for heatstroke fever, tonsillitis, mastitis, acute nephritis, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 9-15g; or steeped in wine.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying; or decocted for gargle.

See "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" for apples.It is the fruit of Rosaceae deciduous tree apple Malus pumila Mill.Mainly produced in Northeast China, North China, East China and other places.

[Synonym] Frequency fruit, Pingbo.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, sour, cool.Return lung, stomach warp.

【Efficacy and application】Stimulate the stomach and promote body fluid: It is used for lack of body fluid and thirst, sluggish appetite for food, pounded juice or boiled ointment.Dispelling troubles and sobering up: used for excessive drinking, take it with pounded juice alone.

In modern times, it is often used for fever, thirst, heat stroke, drunkenness, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Oral administration: Appropriate amount, raw food or pounded juice; or boiled paste.

[Modern Research] It mainly contains carbohydrates, starch, malic acid, quinic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, etc.It can promote the secretion of gastric juice and help digestion.

For alfalfa, see "Bielu of Famous Doctors".It is the whole plant of the perennial clover root herbaceous plant Medicagosatire L. or the southern alfalfa Meicago hispida Gaertn.It is cultivated in most parts of our country.

[Synonyms] clover, millet, huaifeng, Lianzhicao, Guangfengcao, golden cauliflower.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, astringent, slightly sweet, flat.Return spleen, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, urinary bladder channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing damp-heat: for damp-heat diarrhea, decocted with water alone, or pounded with fresh grass juice; for damp-heat jaundice, often decocted with capillary, plantain, succulents, and jujube; For stranguria syndrome, difficulty urinating, it can be decocted with Desmodium, Pangolin, Akebia, and Wulingzhi.Cooling blood to stop bleeding: used for bleeding hemorrhoids, decocted with water alone or taken with pounded juice.

Modern commonly used in enteritis, bacillary dysentery, jaundice, urinary tract infection, urinary tract stones and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g; or pounded into juice (90-150g for fresh products).

[Modern Research] Contains saponins, isoflavone derivatives, etc.It has the effects of lowering blood fat and anti-atherosclerosis.

For alfalfa root, see "Newly Revised Materia Medica".It is the root of legume plant Medicago sativa L. or southern alfalfa M. hispida Gaertn.

[Synonym] Astragalus.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, slightly astringent, cold.Return liver, gallbladder, small intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing damp-heat: used for damp-heat jaundice, dripping and astringent pain in urination, decocted or pounded juice for single use.Improving eyesight: for night blindness, fresh root 30g, decocted.

In modern times, it is mostly used for urinary calculi, jaundice, night blindness, etc.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 15-30g; or pounded into juice.

[Modern Research] Contains sugars, amino acids, etc.

See "Newly Revised Materia Medica" for Abutilon.It is the whole grass or leaves of the 1-year-old herbaceous plant Abutilon theophrasti Medic. of Malvaceae.There are many distributions all over the country.

[synonym] wild hemp, wild velvet, wild sesame.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, flat.Return large intestine, Liver Channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: for carbuncles and swollen toxins accumulated by heat and toxins, swollen and headless, use fresh leaves and honey alone for application, or with brown sugar for application; Or pound and sieve with a little realgar and apply to the ears; for sore throat, it can be decocted or taken with goldenrod and coriander; for red and white diarrhea, it can be used with broccoli and purslane.Dispelling wind and dredging collaterals: used for joint pain caused by rheumatic numbness, and poor flexion and extension.

Modern commonly used in skin purulent infection, tonsillitis, otitis media, rheumatoid arthritis and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction, 10-30g.External application: appropriate amount, smashed for applying.

【Modern research】contains rutin, etc.

Abomazi see "Tang Materia Medica".It is the seed of Malvaceae Abutilon theophrasti Medie.

[Synonym] Abutilon real, wild ramie seed, empty pockmark.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] bitter, flat.Return spleen, liver, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing dampness and heat: used for dysentery and diarrhea, single use toasted, ground into fine powder and taken after mixing; used for dripping and astringent pain in urination, alone decocted with water.Detoxification and Sanjie: For scrofula, grind it into powder alone, decoct it in dried tofu and take it in water; for breast milk barrier, it can be decocted together with Wang Buliu Xing and pangolin.Improving eyesight and removing nebula, used for nebula to cover the eyes, usually mixed with dried pork liver to make powder, mixed with rice drink.

Modern commonly used in bacillary dysentery, enteritis, urethritis, milk barrier and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Decoction: 6-12g; or into pills, powder.

See "Supplements to Materia Medica" for eggplant.It is the fruit of Solanum melongena L., an annual herbaceous plant of Solanaceae.It is cultivated in most parts of the country.

[Synonyms] Luosu, Dwarf Melon, Diao Caizi, Grass Turtle Shell, Kunlun Melon, Cheese Crisp.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, cool.Return spleen, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】clearing away heat and detoxification: used for toxic heat sores, skin ulcers, chapped nipples, powdered for application, or calcined and ground into fine powder, and sprinkled on the wound surface.Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain: used for acute pain in tendons, unfavorable movement of waist and legs, calcination, powdered and taken after mixing with water.Cooling blood to stop bleeding: It is used for blood caused by intestinal wind caused by heat-injured blood collaterals, hemorrhoids, and burns. Grind it into powder and take it with rice soup.

Modern commonly used in skin purulent infection, mastitis, hemorrhage and so on.

[Usage and Dosage] Oral administration: Appropriate amount, into pills, powder or soaked in wine.External application: appropriate amount, crushed for applying, or powdered for applying.

[Modern research] Contains trigonelline, stachydrine, choline, solanine, etc.Oral or injection of eggplant extract can reduce blood cholesterol levels in rabbits and humans, and has a diuretic effect.

For sundew, see "Supplements to Materia Medica".It is the whole herb of Drosera peltata Smith var. Lunata (Buch-Ham.) CB Clarke., a small perennial herb of Droseraceae.Distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and various places to the south.

[Synonym] Pitchcatcher, Dewdrop Grass, Xia Wuzong, Golden Silk, Pearl Grass, Wild Sorghum, Underground Pearl.

[meridian distribution of property and flavor] sweet, pungent, flat.It is slightly poisonous.Return lung, liver, stomach, large intestine channel.

【Efficacy and application】Expelling wind and dampness: for rheumatism and arthralgia, the whole plant or bulbs are dried and ground into powder, mixed with water into pills, fixed with adhesive tape, and removed after 24 hours. If there are blisters, puncture and disinfect; it can also be used alone Take it with decoction or soaked in wine.Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain: used for bruises, decocted or powdered for external application.In addition, decocting and taking alone can also treat children with malnutrition, sore throat, dysentery, and gas pain; grind powder and apply it on Dazhui point to treat malaria; soak it in alcohol and apply it externally to treat eczema and eczema.

Modern commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, mange, neurodermatitis and so on.To treat neurodermatitis, you can use an appropriate amount of the whole herb of fresh pachyrhiza, mash it, and rub it on the affected area until the skin has a burning sensation and mild pain. Once a day, 1 days is a course of treatment.

(End of this chapter)