Han Fei

Chapter 39

Five beetles
In the ancient times, the people were few but the beasts were numerous, and the people were invincible to the beasts, insects and snakes. There were saints who made nests of wood to avoid the crowd, and the people liked it, so that the king made the world, and the name was Youchao.The people eat fruit and clams, which are fishy and foul-smelling, and hurt the stomach and stomach. There are many diseases among the people. There are sages who drill fire to make fire to reduce the fishy smell.In the Middle Ages, the world was full of floods, but Gun and Yu decided to destroy it.In modern times, Jie and Zhou were violent, while Tang and Wu conquered.Today, if there is a tree-structured driller in the Xiahou family, he must laugh at Gun and Yu.Those who have decided to blaspheme in the Yin and Zhou dynasties must be Tang and Wu Xiao.However, those who have the way of Yao, Shun, Tang, Wu, and Yu in today's world will be laughed at by the new sages.Therefore, the sage does not expect to repair the ancients, but is anxious to help the world.Illegality is always possible, and the affairs of the world are prepared for it.People in the Song Dynasty had plows, and there were plants in the fields. The rabbits touched the plants, broke their necks, and died.Today's people who want to use the politics of the previous kings are all like sticks.

In ancient times, husbands did not plow, and there was plenty of vegetation to eat.Women don't know it, and animals wear leather and clothing.Don't do anything but support enough, the people are few but have more than wealth, so the people don't fight.Therefore, heavy rewards are not enough, heavy punishments are not used, and the people govern themselves.Today it is not too many to have five sons, and the son has five sons, and the eldest father has 25 grandchildren before he died. Because the people are the people but the goods and wealth are few, and the work is hard but the support is poor. Therefore, people fight, even though rewards and punishments are multiplied. chaos.

Yao, the king of the world, also has mao ci that don’t cut, pick rafters but don’t chop, eat snails, gooseberry soup, deer fur in winter, and kudzu clothes in summer. Although the clothes of the prison gate are not lacking in this.Yu is the king of the world, he holds the lei and thinks that the people are the first, has no shares, and does not grow hair, although the labor of the ministers and captives is not suffering from this.So in other words, the husband who gave up the emperor in ancient times was to go to the prison gate to support him and leave the labor of his subjects and captives. Is it not enough for the ancients to pass on to the world?Today's county magistrate dies in one day, and his descendants live for generations.Therefore, it is different for people to give up, to say goodbye to the ancient emperor lightly, and to find it difficult to get rid of the county magistrate today.Those who live in the mountains and drink from the valleys, leave the wax with water.Valley water is rare, so the festival is left behind with water.Those who live in bitter water will buy mediocrity and decide their sins.It is bitter for those who buy it, so it is also a treasure to buy people.Therefore, in the spring of the hungry year, the younger brother does not eat.It's a pity for the younger brother, but I don't care about it.In the autumn of Rang Sui, sparse guests must eat.It's not that the flesh and blood have loved it, how much is different.Therefore, the ancients changed money easily, not being benevolent, but having a lot of money.Today's scramble is not contemptible, but rich and poor.Resigning lightly from the Son of Heaven is neither high nor low.Fighting for land is not a matter of inferiority, but also of weight.Therefore, the sages talk a lot about the politics of the weak and the thick, so punishing the weak is not kind, punishing the strict is not cruel, and doing it is called vulgar.The story is suitable for the world because it is in the world.

Guzhewen#2 The king lived between Feng and Gao, a place of hundreds of miles, practiced benevolence and righteousness, cherished Xirong, and then ruled the world.King Xu Yan lived in the east of the Han Dynasty, with an area of ​​five hundred li.Therefore, King Wen practiced benevolence and righteousness and ruled the world, and King Yan practiced benevolence and righteousness but lost his country. This is because benevolence and righteousness were used in the past but not in the present.Therefore, it is said: things are different when the world is different.At the time of Shun, there were seedlings who refused to obey, and Yu would cut them down. Shun said: "No."Practicing martial arts without emphasizing virtue is not Dao.He has been practicing teaching for three years, and he has practiced Qi Wu, and he has Miao Naifu.In the battle of Gonggong, those who are iron-clad can reach the enemy, and those whose armor is not strong can hurt the body. This is because the cadres used it in the past but not in the present.Therefore, it is said: if things are different, be prepared for change.In ancient times, people competed for morality, in the middle ages they competed for resourcefulness, and today they compete for strength.Qi generals attacked Lu, Lu envoy Zi Gong said it, and the Qi people said: "What you say is not without debate, and the land I want is not what Si said."So he raised his troops to attack Lu, and went to the gate for ten li as a boundary.Therefore, Yan Wang was benevolent and righteous, and Xu died, and Zigong debated wisdom and Lu cut down.In other words, benevolence, righteousness, and wisdom are not the reason for holding the country.Get rid of the benevolence of King Yan, stop the wisdom of Zigong, follow the power of Xu and Lu, and make the enemy Wancheng, then the desires of Qi and Jing will not be able to be carried out in the two countries.

The old and the modern have different customs, the new and the old have different preparations. If you want to govern the people in a world of lenient and gentle governance, you still have no bridle to control the horses. This is an unknown danger.Today's Confucianism and Mohism both say that #3 the former kings loved the world at the same time, and the people regard you #4 as their parents.How to understand it?Said: "Si Kou executes punishment, and the king does not take pleasure in it."Hearing the news of the death penalty, you are crying.This is also the first king.If a husband regards the ruler and his ministers as sons and fathers, then they must rule. In other words, there is no chaos between father and son.People's emotional nature is not prior to their parents. Everyone sees love but does not necessarily rule it.The love of the former kings for the people is nothing more than the love of the parents for their sons, and the sons will not be chaotic, so the people will be scornful and governed!Moreover, if the husband executes punishment according to the law and the king sheds tears for it, this is to emulate benevolence, not to treat it as a rule.It is also benevolent to weep and not want to be punished, but the law must not be punished. The former king won his law and did not listen to his weeping, so it is clear that benevolence cannot be ruled.Moreover, the people are obedient to the situation, and few are capable of righteousness.Zhong Ni, a sage in the world, practiced enlightenment to travel across the sea. The people in the sea were benevolent and righteous, and there were 5 people who served as servants.Therefore, considering the size of the world, there are 70 people who serve as servants, and one person who is benevolent and righteous.Duke Ai of Lu, the next lord, is a monarchy in the south, and the people within the territory dare not be ministers.The people are obedient to the power, and the sincerity of the power is easy to convince others, so Zhong Ni became a minister, and Ai Gong stubbornly became the king.Zhong Ni is not in the interest of his righteousness, but obeys his power.Therefore, Zhongni refused to submit to Duke Ai with righteousness, and Zhongni, who took advantage of the situation, mourned Duke and minister.Today's scholars say that people are masters, they don't ride on the momentum of victory, but practice benevolence and righteousness so that they can be kings.This is an inevitable number.

Today, there is a son who is not talented. If the parents are angry, they will change. If the villagers are angry, they will not be moved.The husband uses the love of his parents, the behavior of the villagers, and the wisdom of the teacher, the three beauties are combined, but he will not move his shins and will not change.The officials of the state department, using officers and soldiers, push the public law and seek traitors, and then fear, change their morals, and change their behavior.Therefore, the love of parents is not enough to teach their children, and they must be severely punished by the state department. The people are proud of love and listen to prestige.Therefore, the city of ten ren is steep if the building can not surpass it.The mountain of Qianren, the lame and easy shepherd, is also barbarian.Therefore, the king of the Ming Dynasty overthrew his law and severely punished him.The cloth and silk are ordinary, and the mediocre can't explain it.Shuo Jin Bai Yi, Pirates #6 Zhi does not stop.Gold pins are rotten, although there are many, but they are not discarded.If you don't need to be harmed, you don't explain the ordinary, if you have to harm your hand, you don't stop Bai Yi, so the Ming Lord must punish him.Therefore, there is no better reward than thick and trustworthy, so that the people can benefit from it.There is nothing more severe and inevitable than punishment, which makes the people afraid of it.There is nothing like the same method, so that the people will know it.Therefore, the lord rewards will not be moved, and punishments will not be pardoned.Reputation complements its rewards, and destruction follows its punishment, so the virtuous and the unworthy will do their best.This is not the case today. He is also honored for his meritorious service, and his non-commissioned officers are also humbled.It is also rewarded for its cultivation, but its family property is also reduced.It is also excluded because it does not accept it, and it is high that it despises the world.Because of its crimes, it is more courageous.Reputations, rewards and punishments are incompatible with each other, so the law prohibits corruption and the people become more chaotic.Today, brothers who are invaded must attack Lian Ye, and the world calls people who are honest.Knowing friends and insulting those who follow enemies is chastity, the practice of honesty and chastity is accomplished, but the law of the king is violated.The master respects the behavior of chastity and integrity, but forgets the crime of prohibition, so the people are brave and the officials are invincible.Food and clothing without strength is called ability, respect without fighting and attacking is called virtuous, and the actions of virtuous and capable people are successful, but the army is weak and the land is barren.The owner talks about the actions of the virtuous and capable, but forgets the disaster of weak soldiers and weak land, then private actions will be established and public interests will be destroyed.

Confucianism uses literature to disrupt law, and chivalry uses martial arts to violate prohibitions, but human rulers also practice ritual, and this is why they are in chaos.It is a crime for a husband to leave the law, and Mr. Zhu #7 takes #8 with literature.Those who break the ban will be punished, but the heroes will be raised with private swords.Therefore, what is wrong with the law is what the king takes.Officials are punished, and superiors are supported.Dharma interests are opposite to each other, and there is no determinism, even if there are ten yellow emperors, it cannot be cured.Therefore, those who practice benevolence and righteousness are not to be praised, and praise will harm meritorious deeds.Literary scholars don't use it for what they want, but if they use it, they will mess up the law.Chuzhi had an official who bowed straight, and his father stole a sheep and paid homage to him. He ordered Yin to say: "Kill him, thinking that he is straight to the king and bent to the father, and it is a crime to repay him."From this point of view, a husband is a straight minister, and a father is a violent son.The people of Lu fought against the king and fought three times and three times in the north. Zhong Ni asked why, and said to him: "I have an old father. If I die, I can't support him."Zhong Ni thought of filial piety, so he lifted it up.From this point of view, the filial son of a husband and father is also the betrayal of his ministers.Therefore, Yin punished and Chu traitors were not heard of, Zhongni rewarded and Lu people easily surrendered to the north.If the benefits of the upper and lower are different, and the owner of the people also promotes the actions of the common people, and seeks the blessing of the community, it must not be too much.In ancient times, Cangjie wrote books, those who were self-circulating were called private, those who betrayed private were called public, and the contradiction between public and private was also known by Cangjie.Those who think that they have the same benefits today will not be aware of the troubles.However, for those who care about everyone, it is better to practice righteousness and study literature.If you practice righteousness and practice, you will see the letter, and if you see the letter, you will accept the matter.If you study literature, you will be a wise teacher, and if you are a wise teacher, you will be honored.This is the beauty of everyone.However, if there is no merit but to accept affairs, and if there is no title to show honor, if there is government, then the country will be in chaos and the master will be in danger.Therefore, things that are incompatible cannot be mutually exclusive.Those who kill the enemy will be rewarded, and the behavior of high benevolence.Those who pull out the city receive Juelu, and believe in the theory of honesty and love.The armor is strong and the army is ready to prepare for difficulties, and the decoration of the gentry is recommended by the United States.A rich country depends on agriculture, away from enemies and soldiers, and scholars of literature are valued.Abolish respect for the people who fear the law, and raise the family of rangers and private swords.If it is held like this, it is impossible to rule and strengthen it.It is so difficult for Guoping to raise Confucian scholars. #9 Use what you don't use for what you benefit from.It is the reason why the world is chaotic because the servants keep their careers simple, while the scholars become more and more numerous.

Moreover, the so-called sages in the world are also those who practice chastity and faith.The so-called wise man is also a subtle word.Subtle words are difficult for the wise to know.Now it is the law of all people, but what is difficult for the superior wisdom to know, the people will not be able to understand it.Therefore, those who are not full of dross and chaff do not wait for beam meat, and those who are not short and brown do not wait for Wenxiu.In matters of governing the world, those who are in a hurry will not be able to do it, and those who are slow will not be able to do it.In today's governance and civil affairs, what the husband and wife know well is not used, but if they admire the theory of superior knowledge, it will be contrary to governance.Therefore, subtle words are not civil affairs.If the husband is a virtuous and faithful person, he will be a person who is not deceived.Those who don't bully people don't have the art of not bullying.There is no wealth to benefit each other, and no power to fear each other.Therefore, seek a person who does not deceive. Today, the ruler is in a position to control others. There is a country so thick that rewards are heavy and punishments are severe. , Xi treat people who do not bully?Today, there are not more than ten honest and trustworthy officials, and there are hundreds of officials in the territory. If there are hundreds of honest and trustworthy officials, there will be not enough officials. If there are not enough officials, there will be few rulers and many chaos.Therefore, in the way of the master of understanding, one method does not seek wisdom, one method is solid but not admired, so the method is invincible, and the officials are free from treachery.

Today, the master of speech is also talking about his arguments without asking for what he should do.It is used in action, and its voice is beautiful without being blamed for its merits.It is because of the people in the world, those who talk about it are for debate and not for use. Therefore, those who cite the former kings to speak of benevolence and righteousness will flourish in the court, and the government will inevitably be chaotic.Those who practice the body compete for excellence and not for merit. Therefore, the wise man retreats to the cave, and the return is not accepted, but the soldiers are not for the weak, and the government is not for the chaos. What is the reason for this?The reputation of the people and the courtesy of the superiors are also the art of disrupting the country.Today, the people in the territory all talk about governance, Tibetan businessmen and those who manage the law have it in their families, and the poorer the country is, the more people who say #10 till the land, the few who hold on to it.Everyone in the territory talks about soldiers, and those who have the books of Sun and Wu have them in their families, but the weaker the soldiers, the more people who talk about war, and the fewer people who are armored.Therefore, it is useless for the master of the Ming Dynasty to use his strength and not listen to his words, and reward his merits to defeat the forbidden.The old people tried their best to follow it.Husband farming works hard, but the people do it, and it is said that they can get rich.The matter of war is also dangerous, and those who do it for the people are said to be valuable.If you study literature today and practice speech, you will have the reality of being rich without the labor of plowing, and you will be honored without the danger of war.It is because a hundred people use their wisdom and one person exerts their strength. If there are many wise people, the law will be defeated. If there are few people who use strength, the country will be poor. This is the reason for the chaos in this world.Therefore, in the country of the Ming Lord, there are no books and slips, the law is the teaching, there is no words of the previous kings, the officials are the teachers, the selfless sword is defended, and the beheading is the courage.It is the people within the territory, their words must follow the law, their actions should be attributed to the credit, and the brave will do their best to the army.That's why the country is rich if there is nothing to do, and the army is strong if there is something to do. This is called Wang Zi.It is not only the capital of the animal king, but also inherits the stack of enemy countries, surpasses the five emperors, and wins the three kings, this method must be used.

(End of this chapter)