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Chapter 35 Jinfen Ancient Architecture Preliminary Investigation Record (4)
Judging from You Jiewen, the establishment of the temple is very ancient. In the Tang Dynasty, the original pagoda courtyard was built in Jialan, and it was named Guangsheng.By the time of Emperor Yingzong of the Song Dynasty, Jialan was still originally built in the Tang Dynasty.But I don't know when the Jialan collapsed, so that it was necessary to go down to the temple:

The Jiudian of Ji has been in construction for 23 years from Xinyou ([-] A.D.), the first year of Huangtong ([-] A.D.) to Guiyou ([-] A.D.), the first year of Zhenyuan. ...but it was such a big project. According to the sixth year of Yuanyan (AD [-]), Shi Ze:
In the seventh year of Dade ([-] A.D.), an earthquake destroyed the ancient temple. In the ninth year of Dade, the canal was repaired (press the canal in front of the temple), and the wood was installed.In the sixth year of Yanyou's reign, the temple was built.

The earthquake in the seventh year of Dade must have been so severe that "ancient temples were destroyed".Although it is the first time to visit the existing temples with large beams, there is no reason to compare them with other beams.But as far as the forehead of the doufang is concerned, the erased square corners at the head of the slender Juansha Pupai Fang with the slender mouth below are similar to those seen elsewhere.As for the slender eaves pillars and slender architrave, they are just like Huo County Confucian Temple.It is a relic of the Yuan Dynasty and is hardly suspicious.However, the practice of the beam frame is extremely peculiar, and it has been obtained in recent years. This is the only isolated case, and it is very worthy of our study.

Guangsheng Temple in Zhaocheng County Mingyingwang Palace Guangsheng Temple is located in Zhaocheng area and is famous for its spring water.Before Xiaxia Temple at the foot of the mountain, there are countless sweet springs gushing out from the cracks in the rocks and underground, supplying drinks and irrigation for the two counties of Hongdong and Zhaocheng.Wherever there is water, there must be a Dragon King, so there is a Dragon King Temple.

The scale of this Dragon King Temple is far higher than that of ordinary Dragon King Temples. Its main hall—Mingying King Hall—is actually a large building with five square rooms and double eaves.When it comes to the age of the temple, it is also the most ancient in the Dragon King Temple.

The Ming Yingwang Palace has five rooms in plan, square in shape, and three of the square rooms are the body of the hall, surrounded by corridors.The upper eaves show the top of the mountain, and the lower eaves are heavy and double.Be careful to apply two flowers in between, and apply one flower in the next time.The balance of the fight is quite grand, but the two angs are all flat Hua, and the mouth is raised.The lower eaves are only raised with a single one, and there is no intermediary pavement for a while, and only one flower is used, but this flower has a 45-degree angle.

There are obvious differences between the upper and lower eaves. The upper eaves are taller and thinner, while the lower eaves are extremely small; while the upper eaves are wider and thinner, while the lower eaves are tall and thick.The upper eaves are dominated by the forehead and supplemented by Pupai Fang, while the lower eaves are the opposite, and a cumbersome carved cover is placed under the forehead.In the hall, the two front golden pillars are omitted, and a large beam is used from the front double eaves pillar to the rear golden pillar, and the front golden pillars are separated by paved beams.There is nothing special about it.

There are murals on the four walls of Ming Yingwang Hall, which were written by craftsmen in the Yuan Dynasty.It is said that there is the name and year of the painter above the main entrance, which can only be read by climbing a ladder, whisking dust and lighting a lamp, but unfortunately failed to do so.

As for murals, their themes are purely non-religious. Most of the existing ancient murals are Buddha statues. This kind of theme is extremely rare.

As for the age of the hall, it was probably built after the Dade earthquake in the Yuan Dynasty, and it has many similarities with the Drum Tower built in the Dade period of the Shaolin Temple in Songshan.

The murals in the Mingying Palace and the girders in the Shangxia Temple are extremely rare and precious relics, and they are unique examples that we have never seen.From the perspective of art history, they are all extremely important historical materials.We plan to stay in Zhaocheng for a longer period of time so that we can conduct a more precise study of this number.At present, only a brief description can be made.

Huoshan Middle Town Temple, Zhaocheng County

According to the county annals, Guangsheng Temple is located on the top of Huoshan Mountain, [-] miles southeast of the county seat, and Xingtang Temple, built in Tang Dynasty, is located in Huoshan Mountain, [-] miles east of the city. Therefore, we think that they are in the same and similar place, both on Huoshan Mountain, and they are only two miles apart. It is more than ten miles away, so it is planned to go to Guangsheng Temple first, and then go around the mountain to Xingtang Temple.But it is the fact that there is a big fallacy.When I arrived at Guangsheng Temple, I realized that to get to Xingtang Temple, I had to go down the mountain and go around to Houcun, which is in the middle of the city, and then turn back to the east and then enter the mountain to reach it.I thought to myself that since it is called Tang Jian and it is in the mountains, if the original structure is still intact, how can we worry about it and let it go lightly.

We left Guangsheng Temple and went down the mountain at [-]:[-] in the morning. By the time we turned back and arrived at Huoshan Mountain, we had already walked for [-] hours!The scenery along the way is better than that of Guangsheng Temple, but it is already night when we approach the mountain. The rugged mountain road is approaching like a giant screen. In the dark of night, the mules were exhausted, and it was difficult to find their way in, so they fell behind Li Xu.We have been on foot all the time, so far we have to move forward bravely, not daring to slack off (live in a small village for fear of the husband's strong lord turning back), when we entered the depths of the mountain, we couldn't see our palms when we shot, and the dangerous rocks under our feet were strewn with pines and cypresses. Inclined, the line is not easy.After panting and climbing for about an hour, I saw a lamp hanging high in the distance, hiding among the pines. Knowing that I was approaching the temple, I rushed in and knocked on the door.

When the old Taoist came out to deal with it, we realized that we were still more than three miles away from Xingtang Temple. This place is the temple of Huoyue Mountain God, also known as Zhongzhen Temple.But if you make a mistake, you will stay here.

We hadn't eaten for several hours when we arrived, so the first thing we did was to cook in the "fragrant kitchen". The deserted garden is even more mysterious in the dark. At night, we held candles under the statues in the main hall, washed our faces and made beds, and at the same time carefully inspected the beams, knowing that they were not modern objects.This hall is extremely high, and in the shadow of candles, the impression is overwhelming.

The next day I got up and went to Xingtang Temple, and the hope of the night suddenly came to naught.Although Xingtang Temple is located in the mountains, somehow it has been completely demolished and rebuilt. Apart from a few Qing-style small halls, foreign-style facades and so on were added. The new statues are extremely small, or covered with glass frames. Just as noteworthy.

Although Zhongzhen Temple was not what we were interested in at the beginning, we felt that we could do a little research after we came here.According to the "Shanxi Antiquities and Historic Sites Investigation Form", it is said that the temple was founded in the 14th year of Emperor Kaihuang in Sui Dynasty. In fact, in terms of shape and structure, it may not be the earliest in the Yuan Dynasty.

There are five rooms in the hall, surrounded by corridors, with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain.On the upper eaves, a single copy is made, and the five shops are raised to fight, while the lower eaves are only raised single-handedly.The bucket is quite big, and the upper and lower eaves are made of a tween shop.

The mouth is slender and straight; the front of the head is slightly slender, while the upper part is round and protruding, which is very peculiar.

Jinci Temple in Taiyuan County
Jinci Temple is only [-] miles away from Taiyuan, and can be reached by car at one o'clock. It has always been a famous "scenic spot".In our habit of visiting ancient buildings, we are often suspicious of "scenic spots": because "scenic spots" are most likely to be "rebuilt" or even "rebuilt" to be destroyed, the original buildings are the most difficult to preserve!

So although we know that Jinci Temple is very close to Taiyuan, and on the road from Taiyuan to Fenyang, we are not prepared to visit "Sheng".

It wasn't until the bus to Fen went up a small hillside and passed behind the Jinci Temple that we suddenly grabbed the car window in amazement and looked at the silhouette of the main hall in that corner, unable to bear it.I believe that although the Jinci Temple has become a "scenic spot", it is still a "historical site".Such a majestic temple roof, majestic buckets, and far-reaching eaves, when the car passed the opposite hillside, it was still majestic and very eye-catching.The entire layout of the Jinci Temple can't be seen clearly because of the trees, but the area is not small, but it can be seen at a glance.

We are ashamed that we should not decide that it is not ancient just because it is listed as a scenic spot, so we made an appointment to get off here on our way back in a month. Although we can't inspect or measure it in detail, we can at least browse the photos and briefly examine its chronological structure.

When we returned to Taiyuan from Fen, we had already lived in Shanxi for more than a month. We were exhausted physically and mentally, and we also carried all kinds of luggage, which was very inconvenient. We stopped for a half-day stay, and if we missed the last bus back to Taiyuan, we had to resign ourselves to fate and try to sleep in the open or in a hotel at night.

In such an inconvenient situation, with a desperate mentality of not doing anything, we got off the crowded bus and picked out our "thick, heavy and soft" among the piles of luggage——by Liquor in Xinghua Village Lanzhi seeds from jars to the banks of the Yudao River - cumbersome, carried on the back, when we settled down at the station, we almost complained that the Jinci Temple's architecture is too decent - if there is a Qianlong reconstruction in clusters of flowers, those of us Don't you save yourself all the trouble?

But as soon as we entered the gate of Jinci Temple, the indescribably beautiful and shining large garden made us more pleasantly surprised than our initial expectations.There is no name for it, so we have to call it a garden.

In fact, the layout of the Jinci Temple is like a courtyard of a temple, or a gorgeous palace garden. All of them have an open and majestic situation and a deep and elegant taste. pavilion.

The so-called Tanghuai and Zhoubai cannot be broken as the original, but the magnificent branches and twisted and horizontal lying are really impressive.The water in the pool is clear and blue, the fish swim leisurely, and there are various stone pavilions on the stone-level path building in the back mountain.The halls are majestic and majestic, which makes the impression when you first enter the garden that you feel majestic, graceful on the left and right, and feel uncomfortable everywhere.Although if you go in again, you will find the ugly pavilions with a combination of Chinese and Western styles added by modern celebrities, etc., among them.

The Temple of the Holy Mother is the largest group of buildings in the middle of the Jinci Temple; in addition to the main hall, there are "flying beams" (that is, cross wooden bridges) in front, the dedication hall, the golden platform, the archway, etc. (see Figure [-] on the next page). as follows:

The main hall, Jinci Temple of the Holy Mother, has double eaves on the top of the mountain. It is seven rooms wide and six rooms deep. The plane is almost square. The layout is very peculiar.There are five rooms in the body of the hall, and the deputy steps are in circles.However, the front porch is two rooms deep, and the inner tank is three rooms deep, so the front porch is extremely spacious, which is the first time we have seen it.

The distribution of fighting is extremely sparse.On the front of the hall, each room is made with a tween shop, and the side is only slightly made with a tween shop.Under the eaves, there are five pavements, with two jumps for one single;The upper eaves are made of six pavements, with three jumps for a single arch, double copying and single lowering for the column head, and single copying and double lowering for the tween room. The first jump steals the heart, but it is decorated with wing shapes.But in terms of the form and usage of xia ang, here is another strange example that has never been seen before.The stigma is paved with two layers of extremely long angzui, which are completely parallel to the ground and at a positive angle to the column. The lower part is flat and the upper part is cut. It is really bold and honest to put it there in a completely honest and frank manner.On the tween shop, the first layer of the tail is lifted upwards, and the second layer is to lengthen the head that intersects with the order to form a mouth shape, which does not protrude out parallel to the real Ang.This approach is very similar to the Big Dipper in the Mani Hall of Longxing Temple in Zhengding. As for its boldness and vividness, it seems to be better than it.On the corner pavement, each floor and its walls protrude horizontally, looking from below, it looks quite refreshing.There is no need to tween the surface of the mountain except for a little space.Doucai paintings are very similar to those in "Five Colors All over the Decoration" in Volume 34 of "Zao Fa Shi".

Although it belongs to the heavy equipment of later generations, it should be an ancient method.

There are four layers of stigma squares on the mud path sheet, and bucket cushions between each layer of squares.The forehead of the appendix is ​​narrow and high, and a thin and wide Pupai Fang is applied on it.On the corner pillars, only the head of the common paifang protrudes, but the forehead does not come out.Between the flat pillars and the corner pillars, there is a prominent rise.The beam frame is an ordinary horizontal beam. Due to the darkness in the hall and the rush of time, no detailed inspection was conducted.Because the front hall is two rooms deep, child pillars are erected on the four rafters to support the upper eaves. Between the child pillars and the opposite inner pillars, in addition to the milk sticks and ties on the buckets, a piece of common square is used on the capitals of the pillars to support the upper eaves. phase solid aid.

According to Wei Juxian's "Guide to Jin Temple", it is said that the Temple of Our Lady was built during the reign of Song Tiansheng.Judging from the structure method and appearance posture, it is indeed more primitive and unrestrained than the method stipulated in "Zao Zao Fa Shi", and the theory of heaven's sage is certainly reliable.

(End of this chapter)