Super top students: the most efficient learning method for top students

Chapter 49 The Leisure Rules of Top Students (2)
Skip reading method, referred to as skip reading method.It refers to a fast reading method that consciously skips some insignificant paragraphs or chapters and focuses on reading novel, important or interesting content during the reading process.It is different from scanning. Scanning is a line-by-line or page-by-page scanning. The content in the reading must be seen, while skipping is a method of skipping and moving forward, that is, omitting some secondary content and only absorbing it. The reading method of important information and even key information in the reading material.

Through this method of discarding or omitting secondary information, non-essential information and redundant information, focusing on capturing key information and useful information, the brain can be stimulated, and the synchronization or basic synchronization of visual reading and thinking can be achieved, and the reading ability can be greatly improved. Reading speed and efficiency.In the actual skipping, there are many kinds of fast thinking activities such as screening and judgment, and the integration of vision and brain is closely coordinated, and it is by no means arbitrarily jumping from one part to another.

Skip reading is a relatively advanced reading skill and art. It is difficult to control the skip reading method without good exercise and good reading skills.The famous writer Somerset Maugham highly recommends this skipping method.Even if a book is worth reading in its entirety, he often skips it.He believes that people's appreciation taste will change with the times.Many masterpieces of the past would, in parts, be dull to read today.

For example, today there is no need to worry about the moral preaching prevailing in the 18th century, nor the lengthy landscape descriptions prevailing in the 19th century.Today, what we want to focus on reading is the content that is closest to us and the most practical.Other impractical or "outdated information" can be skipped and not read.

What essentials and methods should be mastered in using skip reading method?

(1) Remember the useful information you want to retrieve, and read it when the goal and scope are very clear.Only then will you know what to eat, what to skip, when to dig in, and when to jump ahead.

(2) When you get a reading, you don’t have to read the full text. You should first quickly browse the content summary, reading table of contents, chapter titles, bold words and other words that prompt the content and main points of each part, and make a judgment based on this: whether the reading is It is worth reading, which parts are readable and which parts are not necessary.This may be referred to as "probing".

Edward Barrett, dean of Columbia University's School of Journalism, paid special attention to this point.He usually takes out a book, browses the preface, flips through the table of contents, checks several indexes, and then looks at the introduction of the author, so as to decide whether to read and what to read.

(3) When using the skipping method to read, you must have the consciousness of standing tall and seeing far, and read with an open mind.Like an eagle foraging for food from the sky, with sharp eyesight and accurate judgment, it quickly and accurately catches the prey on the ground; it is also like a seabird flying quickly over the vast sea, once it finds fish or shrimp, Then it dives into the water to prey, then leaps forward, then skims, and then preys, thus forming a reading posture of fast skimming and leaping forward.

(4) When skipping, you should respond quickly and make good use of skills.As mentioned earlier, skipping is a superb reading skill and art.In the meantime, readers must respond quickly, respond to changes in a timely manner, and make good use of various reading skills.Edward Fry, an American speed-reading expert, paid great attention to the skills of skipping.When he reads a book, he often adopts the following method:

① Read the first paragraph of the article at the fastest normal reading speed, and sometimes read the second paragraph. At this time, you must read the whole article and cannot omit it. The purpose is to understand the general idea, background, style and language of the interpretation through this part of the reading. , so as to have a general understanding of the full text.

② On this basis, quickly skip or skim the following parts.Sometimes only a few key words and sentences are read, and sometimes a certain paragraph is skipped.After reading a certain paragraph more carefully, speed up the reading speed in the following paragraphs to catch up with the lost time.He often determines the time that must be completed before reading a certain reading, during which he will try his best to skip reading at different speeds and uneven reading methods, and must complete it within the specified time.

2. Game Hunting

The search-and-hunt reading method refers to a reading method in which people search for prey to retrieve the important information or materials they need in the vast sea of ​​books.This kind of reading method is very necessary for academic research, because the study of any knowledge is to a large extent the process of collecting information and processing information.

Especially in today's rapid development of modern science and technology, various publications are emerging like a tide, and the information flow carrying a large amount of new knowledge is impacting our way of life and traditional reading methods.The searching and reading method of quickly retrieving useful information and materials is especially popular among people today.

To make good use of the search-hunting-reading method, the following points must be mastered.

First, expand your horizons.That is to say, in order to obtain more useful information and materials, we must broaden our horizons, search for useful information from as wide a range as possible, and from as many channels as possible, with fewer restrictions.This is like hunting. If you are limited to looking for prey in a few small hills and small valleys, you will not have a big harvest.

This is called open source information in information seeking.Nowadays, there are so many reading materials, and each reading material is an information source and an information field.To make good use of the search-hunting-reading method, one must try to find these information sources and information fields.This requires keeping track of new books and materials and scientific and technological information, and paying special attention to reading informational books and periodicals such as "National New Bibliography", "Book Guide" and "Book News" to expand information channels.Of course, it would be even better if information can be retrieved with the help of a modern information network - the Internet.

The British scholar Joseph Needham who wrote "History of Science and Technology in China" not only searched for materials in libraries and museums all over China in order to search for materials about the history of science and technology in China, but also extended his search horizon to other countries.We should learn from his spirit and practice.

Second, the goal is specific.We say that the field of vision and scope of searching for useful information should be expanded as much as possible, but the goal should be single-minded.

This goal is to find useful information and materials, and we must find what we need now, and discard everything else.Pan Jixing, a historian of science in my country, in order to find out the ins and outs of papermaking, one of China's four great inventions, kept a close eye on the word "paper" in a large number of books and materials both at home and abroad. Anything irrelevant will be discarded. In the past 20 years, he has always been single-minded, and has collected a large amount of information about Chinese papermaking technology. For the first time, he has figured out the ins and outs of Chinese papermaking technology, and a "History of Chinese Papermaking Technology" has been written.

Third, be good at searching.The same goes for hunting. A good hunter always finds the prey first, or finds a bigger and more valuable "prey".They either rely on the "clues" of the prey, or the terrain environment, or rely on hearing, or rely on the special sharp eyes of the hunter.The same is true for searching for information in reading materials. It is necessary to rely on rich experience and skills to be good at searching.

For example, when you get a book, don't read it from the beginning to the end, but first look at the table of contents and title of the book, from which you can roughly determine which chapters have the information you are looking for and which chapters do not.At this time, you only need to focus on reading some chapters.Of course, when you go to the library, you can't borrow books blindly, but you must first check the bibliography.Some people compare reading to finding a needle in a haystack, while bibliographies are radar detectors.We have to make good use of this "detector".Another example is to determine the reading material to be read, but also flexibly adopt different reading methods, or search, or select reading, or skip reading, or excerpt reading, etc.In short, we must talk about the skills of searching for information.

Fourth, the searched information should be accurate and complete.Only accurate information is useful, and only sources with complete provenance are usable.

Fifth, searching and reading information should be fast.This is the need to improve efficiency, and it is the need of today's fast-growing era.A piece of information that may be valuable today may be useless "obsolete information" tomorrow.At present, information wars are one after another, and the outcome is often within days, hours, minutes, or even seconds.We should also use the search-and-read method to quickly search for useful information in the spirit of "seizing the day and night" and counting every second, so that this reading method can play a greater role.

In addition to reading, we cannot ignore the role of memory. Since the purpose of reading is to absorb knowledge, we must adopt effective memory methods to gain something.

To give an example, a drawer is full of sundries, now let you remember the sundries in this drawer: keys, cards, cool oil, blades, crystal balls, perfume, books, waste paper, flowers, all kinds Gadgets.There may be hundreds of small things in this drawer, and it will be full when you open it.You look back and forth, trying to remember it one by one.You have read it many times and still can't remember it.

However, there is a simple method: you pour out all the things in this drawer, classify the things according to your ideas, sort them out, and put them in again, you may remember them all, and you can find things in the future found.

Most of the students read extracurricular books in a browsing nature, like opening a drawer and reading them over and over again. In fact, it is still very difficult to memorize and gain something.How to do it?

The reading in which thinking is really actively involved is the arrangement of books.

When you open a book, you don't read it word by word from the first page and the first line, but organize it from the very beginning.Always look at the catalog first.Take a look at the chapters, chapters, and sections in the table of contents, how many chapters, how many sections, and what the approximate structure is.Take a look at the preface and postscript to find the author's main idea.In each chapter, each section, and make their own summary.This book has its own classification, induction and summary.

This kind of reading is the reading of comprehension and memory.

This kind of reading is the way of top students.

Only by reading like this can there be harvest and development!

Be the most active activist

Everyone is eager to grow up happily in interesting games, to be a person who is physically fit, lively, loves life, has the courage to explore, and is good at meeting challenges.

You should find that top students are often the most active activists. They are always involved in various activities in school to show their talents!

However, in these activities, not only to have fun and relax, but also to cultivate many abilities and qualities of top students.

For example, there is a quiz activity, which has nothing to do with the knowledge you have learned. It is just to exercise the students' reaction speed and ability to analyze problems. Let me tell you a secret. Don't think that top students must be smarter than you. If you participate In this activity, they may not be your opponents.

At the very beginning of the event, we exercised our courage and confidence, because participation is the foundation, and then entering it, every step we take and every answer to a question requires our composure and thinking.As we all know, there is only one thing in this world that is always new, and that is our brain.Even if we make mistakes in competitions, we still have to tell ourselves that it’s okay, we will summarize the reasons for the mistakes and avoid making the same mistakes again.As long as the activities are carried out to the end and our views and opinions are expressed, we are successful.Because, after all, it is a school competition, the most important thing is to participate, and friendship comes first!

When we summarize the significance of this matter, we will find that we have really benefited a lot.We have dared to express, we have learned to think independently, and we are not afraid of competition and failure.We did it!

The success and ability we have gained is of great benefit to learning!

Don't think that only activities such as quiz games can exercise people's abilities. The settings of various activities have their own meanings.

For another example, the summer camp held by the school in the summer vacation, we found that most of the top students in the class rushed to join, it was an opportunity to get close to nature.We should also learn from nature!

Human beings are the products of nature, and nature is always the source of human knowledge and the teacher of human beings. Therefore, the knowledge of our young people should not only be learned from books and practice, but also learn to study and explore nature.Our most familiar scientist, Darwin, boarded the Beagle in 1831 to conduct on-the-spot investigations on animals and plants in South America and other places. After 27 years of exploration and research, he obtained many valuable materials that were not in books. Finally, in 1859 Proposed the theory of biological evolution based on natural selection, "putting biology on a complete scientific basis for the first time".Others who have made significant contributions in different fields, such as Wallace, Tycho, Goodall, Li Shizhen and Xu Xiake in my country, are also experts who are good at searching for treasures directly in nature.

What else will the summer camp tell us? Have you thought about it?For the students, we also have to experience a lot of tempering during the summer camp activities.We have faced many problems, and we have sweated like rain. Fortunately, an attitude of not giving up in the face of setbacks will affect our spiritual world, our future study and life, and our future success in life. road!

(End of this chapter)