Problems that are difficult for scientists to understand

Chapter 12 Historical Mysteries (2)
Aristotle believed that Homer was born in Smyrna, a seaport in today's Turkey, and lived on the island of Chios in the Aegean Sea, where he was highly admired at the time.Until the beginning of the 18th century, Europeans still believed that Homer was a great poet who actually existed in history.

However, other people think that Homer does not exist at all, because after careful study, they found that the word "Homer" itself has the meaning of "group", so Homer should refer to a group of people, not a specific person. which person.

While researchers were arguing over the existence of Homer, who was the author of "Homer's Epic" once again attracted people's attention.Some people think that "Homer's Epic" was not written by Homer, but a product of the collective creation of Greek folk poets.Because the time backgrounds of the two parts of the epic "× Liat" and "Odyssey" are not in the same period, and the difference between the two is hundreds of years.It can be seen from this that "Homer's Epic" cannot be written by one person. It should have been passed down from generation to generation and compiled by many bards.

Others believe that "Homer's Epic" was indeed written by Homer, and he created it independently, because the entire epic has a unified artistic style.The literati and scholars of the Alexandrian school in ancient Greece carefully considered the two parts of the epic and confirmed that Homer was the only author of the epic.Is this really the historical truth?It is still unknown.

On the "Arabian Nights" Controversy

"Arabian Nights", also known as "Arabian Nights", is the most famous Arabic literary work in the world.

The stories in the book such as "Sinbad the Sailor", "Aladdin's Magic Lamp", "Alibaba and the Forty Thieves" are well-known to every household and are still popular today.

For a long time, people have regarded Baghdad, the ancient capital of × Lak, as the background of the story of "Arabian Nights".According to research, the city of Baghdad in the Middle Ages became quite prosperous under the rule of Harun, the most powerful monarch at that time. Many places in the city are very similar to the scenes described in "Arabian Nights".Moreover, it is said that the prototypes of some characters in the works did appear there, such as the sailor Sinbad.

However, some have also raised objections to this.They think that the background of the story of "The Arabian Nights" should be in other cities. The reason why there is a legend that "the background of the story of "The Arabian Nights" is the city of Baghdad" is because some people have benefited from Harlan. Immortalize Harun and Baghdad through The Arabian Nights.Which is right and which is wrong is hard to say.

Why the Mona Lisa's smile is so mysterious
Leonardo Da Vinci is an Italian Renaissance master of art and science, and "Mona Lisa" is one of his masterpieces.The facial expressions of the characters in the painting, especially the eternal smile emerging from the corner of the mouth, show a kind of immortal artistic charm.

The smile of "Mona Lisa" is both elegant and moving, but also mysterious, and different visitors can get different feelings.Some people say she is sad, some say she is joyful, some say she is serious, some say she is sarcastic, some say she is full of confidence of a young woman, some say she reveals the confusion of a young girl.For hundreds of years, people have tasted, speculated and argued in front of her, and they are full of curiosity about who her model is.

Da Vinci's friend Vasari proposed in "The Biography of Da Vinci" that the Mona Lisa was the wife of the Florentine banker Zogundo.She is beautiful, generous and elegant, and the artist was so fascinated by her that it took him three years to complete the painting.

Others believe that the Mona Lisa was the third wife of a Florentine official.Because she had just lost a child and was in great pain and grief.Officials invited bands and comedians to perform for her, and finally elicited a faint smile from her. The sensitive painter captured this moment and painted this complex and delicate smile through the ages.

But some people think that the Mona Lisa is not a specific person, but a synthesis of multiple female images by the painter.Because according to the custom at that time, for a portrait of a certain lady, the signature and date of painting should be left on the painting.

In 1986, an article in the American "Art and Antiques" magazine caused a sensation.The article pointed out that "Mona Lisa" is a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci.As long as the pupils of the Mona Lisa and Da Vinci's self-portrait are aligned and overlapped in the same proportion, you can find that their eyes, noses, cheeks, etc. are exactly the same.Perhaps the painter's thoughts are unpredictable, and people have not been able to understand Da Vinci's creative motives so far.

In fact, who the Mona Lisa is is not important anymore, what is important is the beautiful reverie left by the painter to future generations.

Michelangelo's Mystery

Michelangelo is the most representative figure in the field of European Renaissance sculpture.The statues of the characters he created are magnificent and contain infinite power.But Michelangelo at work gives people a "weird" feeling.

In art, Michelangelo showed unimaginably suspicious and demanding.He made saws and carving knives by himself.No matter what the details are, he doesn't trust people.Moreover, he absolutely needs to be alone when he creates, even if there is someone next to him, it will completely disturb his emotions.Once he found a mistake in the statue, he would abandon the whole work, start over and start again.This attitude of pursuing perfection caused him to destroy many well-formed works.On one occasion, he even smashed a huge group portrait that was about to be completed.It is these "quirks"

Make Michelangelo very unique, maybe his excellent creation is related to this.But how much is the connection between the two, no one can say.

Why Newton was insane
Newton, the famous physicist who discovered the law of universal gravitation, suddenly suffered a mental disorder at the age of 50, which lasted for as long as a year.This aroused the research interests of many scientists in later generations, and they tried to find out the reasons.

The more common view is that this kind of mental disorder is caused by Newton's long-term excessive use of the brain, resulting in extreme exhaustion of energy and physical strength.But others have a different opinion, and they find the reason from Newton's life and work experience.The year before Newton's insanity, his mother died, which hit him hard.After that, the scientific manuscripts such as "Optics" and "Chemistry" that Newton spent his whole life writing were accidentally burned, which may have directly led to his mental breakdown.

There is also a relatively novel view that Newton's insanity was caused by mercury poisoning caused by long-term exposure to mercury.They tested Newton's hair and found that the mercury content was extremely high.Which statement is closest to the historical truth?Researchers haven't come to a conclusion yet.

who killed pushkin

Pushkin was a famous Russian poet in the 19th century. In February 1837, he was killed in a duel with rival Dantes.

The poet's untimely death shocked Russia, making people have to think about the real reason behind Pushkin's death.

Pushkin's wife was named Goncharova.Once, George Dantes, an officer of the Tsarist Guards, met Goncharova at a ball and launched a fierce pursuit of her.In order to safeguard his dignity and reputation, Pushkin resolutely decided to fight Dantes.However, the cunning Dantes shot Pushkin in the vitals before he was ready, causing Pushkin to die.

Did Pushkin really die in a duel in love?After a detailed study of relevant historical materials, some experts pointed out that Pushkin's death was a conspiracy.It turned out that Tsar Nicholas I had already coveted the beauty of Pushkin's wife Goncharova before that.Instigated by the Tsar, Dantes lured Goncharova in various public occasions, deliberately provoked Pushkin to a duel with him, and took the opportunity to kill Pushkin.Who is the real murderer who killed Pushkin?People have always wondered about this.

How Andersen's life experience came about
The famous Danish fairy tale writer Andersen wrote many love stories about princes and princesses in his stories. People can't help asking: Is this Andersen hinting at his true identity or his longing for a happy life?Is Andersen a son of common people or a prince in trouble?

According to historical records, Andersen was born on April 1805, 4 in Odense, Denmark.His father was a cobbler who was busy with life all day long, and his mother was a very superstitious laundress.However, Danish historian Jens Jorgensen believes that Andersen was actually the illegitimate son of King Christian VIII of Denmark and Countess Lauerwig.After Andersen was born, the royal family placed him in the home of an Odense shoemaker.The basis for making this inference is that Andersen's status was low, but later he was able to enter the upper class, go in and out of the Royal Theater, and even lived in the Royal Palace Amalienborg for a period of time.This would not have been possible without the surreptitious help of the royal family.

Is this really the case?It is said that in 1990, Odense University held a hearing to study the mystery of Andersen's life experience.However, this mystery has not yet been solved.

The Mystery of Tchaikovsky's Death
The famous Russian music master Tchaikovsky died in the early morning of November 1893, 11. The cause of death is still a mystery.In the same year, Tchaikovsky's "Sixth Symphony" was performed for the second time, and the music revealed an atmosphere of sadness from beginning to end.It is precisely because of the sad and painful emotions it expresses that some people regard the "Sixth Symphony" as the "prophecy" of Tchaikovsky's suicide.

However, others believe that the "Sixth Symphony" is by no means an "elegy" made by the author for his own suicide.Because, 1893 is the year when the author received a very high honor.It can be said that it was the joy and impulse brought by these honors that inspired him to create the Sixth Symphony.It can be seen that the author did not have the motive of suicide in the process of creation.

Others believe that Tchaikovsky should have died of a sudden illness.According to records, on the evening of November 11, he had dinner with friends and drank until two o'clock in the morning.The next morning, he started having indigestion.In the afternoon, he drank a glass of unboiled water and fell ill, and finally passed away on November 1.According to two doctors in St. Petersburg, Tchaikovsky died of cholera.But this is just a family opinion. The cause of the famous Tchaikovsky's death is still a mystery.

The Mystery of Nobel's Will

According to records, in the last few years of his life, Nobel made three wills successively, and the latter two are now on record.His second will proposes that most of his estate will be used as a bonus to support outstanding scientists, writers and people who are committed to world peace from all over the world.At the same time, it is also stated in the will that another part (3%) of the estate will be inherited by his relatives and friends.The third will was written on November 20, 1895.In this will, he clearly stated that all property should be used as a fund, and its annual interest will be awarded in the form of bonuses to those who have made outstanding contributions to mankind in the fields of science, literature, and peace.

The establishment of the third will negates the legitimacy of the previous will, and naturally deprives his relatives and friends of their property inheritance rights.Later, after communicating with Nobel's relatives, the executors reached an agreement, agreeing that they would acquire and continue to operate the oil company in Baku, and inherit the interests of Nobel's estate for one year in 1897.Faced with the third will of "denial of six relatives", people can't help but ask: Why did Nobel make this will?Why did he deprive his relatives and friends of their property inheritance rights?People don't know about it.

(End of this chapter)