Poetry is innocent

Chapter 7 "Xiaoya"

Why are "Xiaoya" and "Daya" different
"Xiaoya" and "Daya" are not in the same category, which is very obvious in the poetics of the early Han Dynasty, so the four beginnings are not the three beginnings, and "Lu Ming" and "Wen Wang" are divided into "Xiaoya" and "Daya".However, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius always said "Ya", regardless of its size, such as "Ya to the south" in "Shi·Gu Zhong", and "Elegance and Song" in "The Analects of Confucius", all of which use Ya as a noun.That is to say, the song "Ya" mentioned in "Da Dai Li Ji · Tou Hu Pian" published later, there are those in "South", but the distinction between big and small "Ya" is unknown.

The difference between the big and small "Ya" that we see now is the earliest reference to Wu Jizha's Guanyue section in the 29th year of "Zuo Zhuan", while "Historical Records" quotes the four beginnings of Lu poetry, starting with Chen Qiyi.We do not know whether this section in "Zuo Zhuan" is old material in "Guo Yu" or was changed later.We also don't know when the distinction between the minor and the major in "Ya" began, and why did we make this distinction?
About "Ya" can be divided into small and large, or because of the following two things: [-]. The difference in music; [-]. The difference in use.In fact, these two things can be regarded as one thing. The different places of joy are used in different conditions, and since the places of use are different, the joy must not be completely the same.

Now we don't know much about the mood of music in "Three Hundred Poems", so this problem cannot be solved. Let's use words as categories, we can see that although there are some similar things in "Xiaoya" and "Daya" , and there are many different ones.

The boundaries between "Ode", "Daya", "Xiaoya" and "Feng" are not strict. A small part of "Daya" is similar to "Ode", a small part of "Xiaoya" is similar to "Daya", and "Guofeng" A small part is like "Xiaoya".Generally speaking, "Feng", "Xiaoya", "Daya" and "Song" are different; if we look at the chapters, there are differences between "Feng" (especially the second "South") and "Xiaoya". There are discrepancies between Xiaoya and Daya, discrepancies between Daya and Song of Zhou, and no discrepancies between Nan and Daya or Xiaoya and Song of Zhou.This is the so-called "serial distribution", as shown in the figure below:

Now try to use the place where it is used as a mark, and you can get the following pictures, but this is just a general idea, and the details may not be exhaustive.

Therefore, it is slightly uneven, but in general, we can say that "Wind" is the movement of the folk, "Xiaoya" is the movement of the Zhou family, officials and scholars, "Daya" is the movement of the imperial court, and "Song" is the movement of the ancestral temple.

Classes of speech in "Xiaoya"
What is narrated in each chapter of "Xiaoya" is now based on the same category and made into a table. The first is compared with "Daya", and the lower is compared with the second "South" and "Binfeng", which can also prove the above "serial distribution said one. In "Guofeng", only two "South" and "Bin" are taken, because "Ya" was published by the Zhou Dynasty, and the second "South" was also published by the Zhou Dynasty. "Bin" is "the east of Zhou", and other countries Wind belongs to the folk customs of other places, and cannot be combined with "Ya" in the same domain.

The words of the categories in the table may be similar to those in "Wen Xuan", which are divided into poems and fus.

Taiya
Xiaoya
Zhou Nanzhaonan
Binfeng
Shu Zude

King Wen, Daming, Mian, Siqi, Huang Yi, Xia Wu, King Wen Yousheng, Shengmin, Gong Liu.

Into a ceremony
Pupu, Hanlu, Lingtai, Xingwei, Jizui, Fulu, Fake Music, Juju, Juan.

Weighing
Song Gao, Zhi Min, Han Yi, Jiang Han, Chang Wu.

beware
People's labor, board, swing.

bewildered
Sang Rou, Yun Han, Zhan Ying, Zhao Min.

Banquet to meet and greet each other
[-]. Banquet

Lu Ming, Tong Gong (the above guests).Chang Di, Bian (brothers above).Logging (Yousheng).Yuli, Jiayu in the south, Tai, Zhanlu, and gourd leaves in the south (the feasts are not specified above).

Two, meet

Liao Xiao, Jing Jing's E, Ting Liao, Zhan Bi Luo Yi, Dressed in Hua, Xi Sang, Cai Shu (this is the poem of the king).

Three, blessed

Tianbao, Sanghu, Yuanyang, Sigan (song of Chengshi), Wuyang (song of Fu), Chuci, Xinnanshan, Futian, Datian (the above are exactly the ones who treat July in Yazhong).Fish and algae (bless the five blessings from a distance).

The above three categories are quite different, but they cannot be fully divided.

Fourth, hunting

Car attack, auspicious day.

Five, wedding

car.

chant
In June, pick weeds and millet seedlings.

Complaint poem
[-]. Injury and chaos
Mianshui, Festival Nanshan, Qiaoyan, He Rensi, Xiangbo, Bluefly (the above four poems are slanderous and slanderous).Horned bow (do not kiss), Wanliu (?).

[-]. Mourning
The first month, the turn of October, Yu Wuzheng, Xiao Min, Xiao Wan, Xiao Bian.

Three, angry

Prayer father, yellow bird, I will travel in the wild, the flowers of the sweet potato, without a big cart.

katydid, katydid,
Lin Zhi.

Zou Yu.

Guanju, Taoyao,
magpie nest.

Gantang, Rufen.

July.

Taiya
Xiaoya
Zhou Nanzhaonan
Binfeng
[-]. Injustice

Dadong (quite like cutting sandalwood), April, Beishan.

One and two, three and four above.Let's just assume it's the right thing to do, but it can't be fixed.

Service and Injury

Simu, Huanghuangzhehua, Caiwei, Chuche, Mudu, Hongyan, Xiaoming, Drum Bell, Gradually Stone.What grass is not yellow.

miscellaneous poems
[-]. Abandoned Wife Words
Gu Feng (just like Bei's Gu Feng), Bai Hua.

[-]. Words of Missing Parents
Polygonum.

[-]. Complaints

Take green.

[-]. Words of thinking about women

all people.

[-]. Difficulty traveling
savage.

[-]. Unsolved

Heming, Baiju.

small star.

Grass bugs.

Juan Er, Yin Qilei.

Poems of Propriety as Defense
Han Guang, Xinglu.

love poem

There are plums in the spring, si in the river, and dead deer in the wild.

Women's affairs and women's words

Ge Qin, caixing, caiping, 苤苢.

Poetry
Rabbits, lambs, what the heck.

Higashiyama,

broken axe.

Vaco.

Jiuzi, wolf postscript.

make birdsong poems
owl.

"Elegant government also"

"Mao Poetry Wei Preface" says: "Elegant people govern the government, saying that the king's government is abolished and prospered. The government has a size, so there is a small elegance, and there is a big elegance." Compare them one by one. Are the articles in "June" and "Caiji" less important than "Han Yi" and "Song Gao"? How can "Zhanying" and "Zhaomin" be bigger than "First Moon" and "October"?However, as far as the overall theory is concerned, the "Da Ya" talks about the big things, and the "Xiao Ya" talks about the small things. The absolute difference between "Ya" and "Feng" is that "Feng" is a pure lyric poem (this is also a general theory), while "Ya" is a poem with functions, so in terms of the development of words, "Feng" "is not as good as "Ya", and sometimes "Ya" is not as good as "Wind" in terms of the perversion and intimacy of the feeling.

The Style of "Ya"
The style of "Ya" is very different from "Guofeng" in three ways: first, it is longer; second, the chapters and sentences are neat; third, it is extravagant.This is precisely because "Wind" is a freely developed ballad, and "Ya" is a deliberately crafted poem.Therefore, there may not be as many poetic scenes in "Ya" as in "Feng", and the Chinese words in "Feng" may not be as embellished as in "Ya".I am afraid that this relationship is quite similar to the relative treatment of "Nine Chapters", "Nine Debates" and "Han Fu".Determining the era based on the development of the genre, we may think that most of the "Guofeng" should be ahead of most of the "Ya", but the fact is just the opposite.This is because although the words of the chapters in "Guofeng" were formed later, their styles have been handed down for a long time; although the chapters in "Ya" were published earlier, they were actually developed in a short period of time.The poetry style of Chu State has evolved to Qu Song Fengchang's Fu, but "Gaixia" and "Great Wind" are still scattered chapters, and the relationship between "Feng" and "Ya" is the same.

(End of this chapter)