Onitako
Chapter 7
Chapter 7
The genus of chemical swivels has its own situation
[Original text]
Where there is convergence and double reversal, it is suitable.The genus of Huazhuan has its own situation.Ask for each other repeatedly, and make things happen.Therefore, a sage lives between the heaven and the earth, establishes himself, governs the world, teaches, raises his voice, and makes his name known. He must observe the appropriateness of the sky and the time according to the meeting of things.
The impermanence of the world is precious, and the impermanence of the world is a teacher.A sage always does nothing and does nothing, listens to everything and listens to everything, accomplishes things and cooperates with strategies, and is the master of them.If you are in harmony with one another and separate from this, if you are not loyal to each other, there will be rebellion.If you are against it, you will be against that; if you are against this, you will be against that.
【Translation】
In everything in the world, whether it is about unity or confrontation, there will be different strategies suitable for various situations.The change of the separation and combination of all things is as endless as the continuous rotation, and it will change according to the change of the situation, thus forming different situations.Therefore, when formulating strategies, counselors should repeatedly seek the best strategy based on the repeated changes in the actual situation, and formulate different measures to adapt to the changing situation.Therefore, a sage stands between the heaven and the earth, whether he is acting on his own feet, or teaching, expanding and promoting his status and reputation, he must understand the laws of the development and changes of things, observe whether the changes in the weather are appropriate, seize favorable opportunities, and weigh the pros and cons , so as to understand where the advantages and disadvantages of administrative education are, so that different strategies can be formulated as the situation changes, so as to promote the transformation of the situation in a direction that is beneficial to oneself.
There is no eternal dignity in the world, and there is no role model that can be imitated forever.The sage often does nothing but does everything, often listens to everything but listens to everything.If things are bound to succeed and are in line with the principles of strategy, they should be taken as the main body.Although it is in line with the intention of the other party, it is a pity that it deviates from the principle of the other party. This is called "the strategy cannot be applied to both parties."To be loyal to one party must be contrary to the other party, to unite with one party and to deviate from the other party; to deviate from this party and unite with the other party, this is the "art of rebellion".
Examples of Wisdom
Swallowing Dai Guo
In the third year of King Huan of Zhou (717 BC), Duke Zheng Zhuang entrusted the order of Emperor Zhou to attack the State of Song with Qi and Lu.Song Shanggong was shocked when he heard about this, and hurriedly summoned Sima Kongfu Jia for advice.Father Kongjia said: "I have sent people to find out clearly that the emperor of Zhou did not have the order to attack the Song Dynasty. The Qi and Lu countries were deceived by Zheng Zhuanggong to send troops. Now the three countries are coming together. Fighting head-on. But its domestic defense is bound to be empty. As long as we buy Wei Guo with a lot of money, we want Wei Guo to unite with Cai Guo, attack Zheng Guo's mainland with light troops, and threaten Zheng's capital Xingyang. In this way, Zheng Zhuanggong will naturally retreat. And Zheng Bing once If we retreat, there will be no leader among the dragons, and the two countries of Qi and Lu will also retreat."
Song Shanggong listened to Kong Fujia's suggestion, and Wei Xuangong really sent the right minister Chou to lead the army to join Kong Fujia. Through the indirect passage, by surprise, they went straight to the city of Xingyang, the capital of Zheng.Zheng Shizi and the doctor sacrificed their feet to defend the city in a hurry, and You Zaichou wanted to take advantage of the situation to attack the city. Kong Fujia said: "We succeeded in attacking Xingyang, but we just took advantage of it. If we continue to attack the city, in case Zheng Zhuanggong returns to the rescue, we will attack the city." It would be very dangerous for me to form an internal and external attack, so it is better to take advantage of Dai State and return to the army victoriously. I guess that when our army leaves, Zheng Zhuanggong's soldiers and horses should also retreat from Song State." Therefore, according to Confucius According to Fujia's arrangement, the two countries of Song and Wei marched towards Dai State, trying to cheat from Dai State.Unexpectedly, King Dai thought that Song Wei was coming to attack Dai, so he closed the city gate and defended it.Kong Fujia was so angry that he attacked the city many times, but he couldn't take it down.
Zheng Zhuanggong led the army to attack the state of Song. He suddenly heard that the two countries of Song and Wei were approaching Zhengdu, so he sent an order to the army.When the army returned halfway, they received a military report from the country, saying that Song Wei had withdrawn from Xingyang and turned to Dai State, so Zhuang Gong ordered the army to march to Dai State.
Confucius' father Jia was leading an allied army to attack Dai. Hearing that Zheng Guo led the troops to rescue Dai, he had already set down the camp 50 li away from the city.Then, I heard that Dai Jun learned that Zheng Bing had come to rescue him, and he had opened the city gate to take Zheng Jun into the city.Kong Fujia and You Zaichou came out to watch the battle, and suddenly saw the flags of Zheng Jun planted all over the tower. General Zheng stood on the tower and said loudly, thank you two generals, we have already won Daicheng.
It turns out that Zheng Zhuanggong set up a strategy of "stealing the beam and changing the pillar", hypothetically saving Dai, and annexing Dai's army as soon as he entered the city.Kong Fujia was furious when he saw that Duke Zhuang had easily occupied Daicheng outside the city, and determined to fight to the death with Duke Zhuang.
The next day, as soon as he set up the camp, he heard a cannon fire behind the camp, and the flames shot up into the sky. They said that Zheng Bing had arrived, and Kong Fujia was about to leave the camp to fight, but the fire went out.Fang was about to return to the camp, but the cannon on the left rang again, and the flames continued.Just about to see what happened, the fire on the left has gone out, and the fire on the right has started again.Kong Fujia thought it was Duke Zhuang's suspicious strategy and ordered the whole army not to riot.
After a while, the flames on the left flared up again, and the shouts shook the sky.Kong Fujia was about to go to the rescue, when suddenly the flames on the right reappeared, and for a moment he couldn't tell whose troops it was. Kong Fujia only swung his army to the left, and lost his way in a hurry. It is the people of Weiguo!So the two armies joined together and rushed back to the middle camp, only to find that the middle camp had been occupied by General Zheng. Kong Fujia had no intention of fighting, so he took the road and ran away.Only more than 20 people followed, You Zaichou died in battle, and all the soldiers, horses and luggage of the Three Kingdoms were captured by Zheng Jun.
[Comment and Analysis]
Some things can get better results if you do it in the opposite direction than if you do it step by step, which is the so-called "conformity and transformation". The key to its successful application is flexibility, so that you can find a way to defeat the enemy.
The two countries of Song and Wei just wanted to borrow the way from Dai Guo, and had no intention of "disobedience", but were misunderstood by Dai Guo, and developed into a military confrontation; The opportunity of Wei and Wei to attack Song Dynasty destroyed Dai State, its "combination" was false, and its "disobedience" was the ultimate goal.Zheng Zhuanggong's success is due to the timely use of the conditions for mutual transformation of disobedience and conformity.
Make people split into three
In the mid-Qing Dynasty, Zhang Ying, the prime minister at that time, was from Tongcheng, Anhui.He has always paid attention to self-cultivation, and he is quite liked and respected by others.At the same time, he is also very filial to his parents. When he was an official in the court, he settled his mother in his hometown and often visited him at home.Mrs. Zhang's neighbor is a servant named Ye.When Zhang Ying went home to visit her mother, she felt that the house at home was dilapidated, so she ordered his servants to build a house and renovate it.After arranging everything, he returned to the capital.
Coincidentally, the servant's family is also planning to expand the house and wants to occupy a place between the two houses.The Zhang family also wanted to use that area as a corridor.As a result, a dispute arose between the two families.When the Zhang family started digging the foundation, the Ye family sent people to fill it up with soil; the Ye family planned to start construction and took a ruler to measure the land, but the Zhang family rushed forward and took away the tools.The two quarreled many times and almost used force several times, but both sides refused to make concessions.
Furious, Mrs. Zhang ordered someone to write a letter to Zhang Ying, hoping that he would go home immediately to deal with the matter.After reading the letter, Zhang Ying was not in a hurry, and wrote a short poem with a large brush like a rafter: "The family letter from thousands of miles away is only a wall, so why not let him be three feet away? The Great Wall is still there today, and Qin Shihuang of the past is not seen." After you are done, send someone to send it back quickly.
Mrs. Zhang thought that her son would come back to fight for the piece of land for her family, but she didn't expect that she waited and waited and waited for a reply.After reading the letter, Zhang's mother suddenly realized what her son meant.It's not worth it to hurt the harmony of the two families and ruin my own body because of Sanchidi.The old lady figured it out, and immediately took the initiative to retreat three feet from the wall.Seeing this, the neighbor felt deeply ashamed, moved the wall back three feet, and came to the door to apologize.In this way, the three-foot-wide alley that the two families had previously fought for formed a six-foot-wide alley.
The locals have praised this incident one after another, citing it as a good talk, and gave this alley a special name-Six Foot Alley.Someone even wrote a doggerel based on this: "If you fight, it won't work; if you give way, you will be six feet alley."
[Comment and Analysis]
You can use "cohesion" to change into "disobedience", and you can also use "disobedience" to convert into "combination".Zhang Ying's broad mind not only resolves the conflicts between neighbors, but also harmonizes the relationship between the two parties, which is more conducive to the successful settlement of the matter.Zhang Ying did not use any superb tactics here, but resolved the dispute with a broad mind.Turning "disobedience" and seeking "combination" is the best policy, and it also has a good enlightenment for us to conduct ourselves in the world.There is an old saying, "Small intolerance will lead to chaos and big plans", and now there is a saying that "take a step back, and endure a moment of calm".It can be seen that patience is sometimes a strategy, and the purpose of "retreat" is to "advance" better.
To stay with one another and stay away from here, plan not to be loyal to both
[Original text]
The technique is also, if it is used in the world, it must be measured and given to it; if it is used in the country, it must be measured and given to it; if it is used in the family, it must be measured and given to it; if it is used in the body, it must be measured in stature and momentum. And with it.Size advances and retreats, its use is one.You must first plan and plan, and then use the technique of flying pincers.
In ancient times, those who are good at turning their backs are those who cooperate with the four seas and encircle the princes, transform and turn the places that are disobedient, and then use them to seek harmony.Therefore, Yiyin uses soup on the fifth day, Jie on the fifth day, and then joins the soup.Lu Shangsan was King Wen, and the three of them were Yin, but they couldn't understand, and then they joined King Wen.This is the pincer of knowing the destiny, so there is no doubt about it.
【Translation】
If this kind of anti-disobedience is used to govern the world, it must be used according to the actual situation of the world; if this kind of anti-disobedience is used to govern the state, it must be used according to the actual situation of the state. Use it; if you want to apply this kind of anti-disobedience to family management, you must use it according to the actual situation of the family; Use it with style.The use of anti-disobedience, whether it is big or small, advancing or retreating, the methods and principles of its use are the same.We must first think and consider, determine the strategy, and then put it into practice with the technique of flying pincers.
In ancient times, those who were good at using the principle of opposite and anti-disobedience were able to harmonize the world, tolerate the princes, drive them into a situation of disobedience, and then try to change, shift the form, and create a new dynasty.Therefore, the virtuous Prime Minister Yiyin served the king of Shangtang five times and the king of Xiajie five times, and then he decided to serve the king of Shangtang as Allah.Jiang Taigong Lu Shang served King Wen of Zhou three times and King Zhou of Yin three times, but he couldn't understand King Yin Zhou, and then he decided to serve King Wen of Zhou wholeheartedly.This is knowing where the destiny of destiny is, so Yi Yin and Lu Shangcai surrendered to King Tang and King Wen of Shang without hesitation.
Examples of Wisdom
Long-distance "friends" close to the enemy
In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the status of Zhou Tianzi had actually been emptied, and all the heroes came together to compete in the Central Plains.In this chaotic situation, Zheng Zhuanggong cleverly used the strategy of "distance and close attack" to gain the overlord status at that time.At that time, Zheng State's neighbors Song State, Wei State, and Zheng State had deep grievances, and the contradictions were very sharp. Zheng State was always in danger of being pinched by the two countries.
Therefore, Zheng Guo took the initiative in diplomacy, successively forming alliances with the distant Zhu, Lu and other countries, and soon signed an alliance with the farther and powerful Qi State.
In 719 BC, Song, Wei, Chen and Cai jointly attacked the state of Zheng, and the state of Lu also sent troops to help, besieging the east gate of Zhengdu for five days and five nights.Although it was not captured, Zheng Guo already felt that there was a problem in the relationship between his country and Lu State, so he tried every means to repair the relationship with Lu State and jointly deal with Song and Wei.
In 717 BC, the state of Zheng attacked the state of Song in the name of helping the state of Zou to avenge its shame.At the same time, he actively launched a diplomatic offensive against the State of Lu, actively sent envoys to the State of Lu, and negotiated to return Zheng State's visit to the State of Lu to the State of Lu.Sure enough, Lu Guo and Zheng Guo rebuilt their old friendship.At that time, Qi State came forward to mediate the relationship between Zheng State and Song State. Zheng Zhuanggong expressed his respect for Qi State's opinion and temporarily repaired with Song State.Therefore, Qi State also deepened its "feelings" for Zheng State.
In 714 BC, Zheng Zhuanggong issued an order to attack the Song State on behalf of the Zhou Emperor on the grounds that the Song State did not worship the Emperor Zhou.The armies of Zheng, Qi, and Lu quickly captured a large area of Song State.The Song and Wei armies avoided the edge of the coalition forces and took advantage of the emptiness to attack the state of Zheng.Zheng Zhuanggong sent all the land occupied by the Song State to Qi and Lu, and quickly returned to the army, defeating the Song and Wei armies.Zheng Guo took advantage of the victory to pursue and defeated Song Guo, and Wei Guo was forced to seek peace.In this way, Zheng Zhuanggong worked hard to expand, and his hegemony was formed.
Below is another example of disobedience and discord by means of long-distance and short-term aggression.
After Zhao Kuangyin came to power, he released the military power of his old comrades with a glass of wine, tamed the "ten brothers" of Jiedushi, and killed the Fengqiu gatekeeper who opened the door for him during the mutiny.
At the same time as close attack, Zhao Kuangyin also paid great attention to distant friendship.He paid great attention to discovering talents, and appointed many talented and talented people without qualifications to take on important responsibilities.
During the mutiny at Chenqiao, the gatekeepers of Chenqiao were loyal to Hou Zhou and defended behind closed doors, not allowing Zhao Jun to pass through.Zhao Jun changed his way to Fengqiu, and the Fengqiu guard opened the door and let them go.After Zhao Kuangyin became emperor, he killed the gatekeeper of Fengqiu and appointed the gatekeeper of Chenqiao.
Once, when Zhao invited his ministers to a banquet, Wang Zhu, a Hanlin scholar, got drunk and wept bitterly in public for the old master of the Later Zhou Dynasty.Some people said that they should be severely punished.Zhao said: "When I was in Sejong, I was a courtier with him. It's okay for a scholar to cry for his old master. Let him cry!" Nothing happened to Wang Zhuo.
Once, Zhao Kuangyin was traveling by car. Suddenly, someone shot an arrow at him and hit the Yellow Dragon Banner.The Janissaries were shocked, and someone came up to hunt down the killer.Zhao said: "Thank you for teaching me how to shoot an arrow." He ordered that the guards not be allowed to pursue the archer.
Zhao Kuangyin's short-term attack effectively restrained the unhealthy development of the forces of heroes and relatives of the emperor; the long-distance friendship recruited a large number of talents, and the relaxed political atmosphere and social environment promoted the development of the country.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Conforming to the other but leaving here, the strategy is not loyal to the two" means that the strategies used will cause conflicts between the interests of the two parties. While maintaining the interests of one party, it will damage the interests of the other party. At this time, it is necessary to use When it comes to the technique of disobedience and separation, its characteristic is that it is superficially compatible with one side, and one side makes plans for it, but in fact it is the other side that benefits.Zheng Zhuanggong made distant diplomatic relations with Lu and Qi. On the surface, it seemed to be a good relationship, which seemed to be beneficial to the development of the two countries. In fact, he was creating conditions for himself to "close attack" wholeheartedly. The use of his strategy was still more beneficial to himself. At the same time, the countries with far-flung diplomatic relations were relatively weakened.
Zhao Kuangyin made close attacks to consolidate the throne, but made distant friends with people who were once unfavorable to him. Why?On the surface it is still under the banner of "combination", but in fact it has recruited a group of loyal talents and made them use it for itself, and its benefits are still more on its own side.
Divorce wins the battle of Changping
In the process of unifying the six countries, Qin State first aggressively attacked the neighboring countries Wei and Han. After seizing the land, after careful planning, it began to attack Zhao State.In 261 BC, Qin captured Shangdang of Zhao State; in 260 BC, Qin General Wang He led his army to attack Zhao State Changping.Changping is the gateway for the Qin army to enter Zhao, and its geographical location is very important. Both countries are very aware of this, so they both sent their main forces and elites.Lian Po, an experienced veteran of the Zhao Guo faction, refused to defend Changping. No matter how the Qin army attacked, he just refused to fight.Although the Qin army achieved some small victories at the beginning, beheaded several Zhao generals, and captured several cities, they were still unable to achieve a decisive victory.
The development of the war situation caused internal disputes in Zhao State. One side advocated for peace, while the other insisted on the main war.In the end, the war faction prevailed.The state of Zhao sent people to the state of Wei to persuade the king of Wei and the state of Zhao to fight against Qin.The state of Qin was also afraid of the alliance between the state of Wei and Zhao, so he also sent people to the state of Wei to reunite.At this time, the state of Wei was playing double-faced. On the surface, he agreed to help Zhao, but in fact he was provoking Zhao and Qin to fight again, trying to reap the benefits of the fisherman and manipulate the situation in the Kanto after the two sides were seriously injured.The Zhao people thought that Wei Guo would really help him, so they made up their minds to fight Qin to the end.
Qin Guo vowed to win Changping, and recruited men over 15 years old in the country to join the army on the front line, and set up a decisive battle with Zhao Guo to the end.It can also be proved from history that the Battle of Changping was actually a decisive battle between Qin and the princes of the Kanto.In July of this year, the Qin army seized many lands in Zhao State.The resourceful and capable veteran general Lian Po saw the opportunity when Qin's vigor was depleted and his combat effectiveness was not as good as before. He suddenly launched a counterattack, regained some lost ground, and then chose favorable terrain to hold on.The Qin army challenged several times, but Lian Po still stood firm, and the Qin army never advanced half a foot.The battle has entered a stalemate and is in a stalemate.After a long time, it will be unfavorable to the Qin army whose supply line is too long.The king of Qin hurriedly called a group of ministers to discuss countermeasures.
At this time, the state of Qin heard that King Zhao was very dissatisfied with Lian Po's inability to defend himself, and sent people to the front to supervise the battle many times, but Lian Po insisted that "the general is out, and the king's order is not acceptable."Hearing the news, Fan Ju felt that the opportunity had come.He immediately offered a countermeasure to King Qin, sent spies to sneak into Zhao State, and spread rumors, saying that Lian Po was afraid of Qin State and worried that failure would ruin his reputation for the rest of his life, so he just couldn't hold on.He also said that the people of Qin are not afraid of Lian Po, but only Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She who has read military books.These spies also used a lot of money to buy the ministers of the Zhao state, and asked them to ask the king of Zhao to send Zhao Kuo to replace Lian Po, so that the battle could be resolved quickly.This trick really worked. Under the instigation of the pro-Qin ministers, Zhao Wang withdrew Lian Po, and appointed Zhao Kuo as a general to lead his troops to meet the enemy.
When Zhao Kuo's mother heard about it, she rushed to the palace and said to King Zhao: "When Zhao Kuo's father was alive, he often said that Zhao Kuo could only talk on paper and could not be used in actual combat. He should not be used as a general." Xizi didn't want his son to go to the front line, so he still insisted on using Zhao Kuo.
When Zhao Kuo came to Changping to command the army, he immediately replaced the generals and set up new rules, which made Zhao's army dissatisfied.When the people of Qin heard the news, they immediately appointed Bai Qi, a famous general who had experienced many battles, as the chief general, and Wang Lu as the deputy general, and sealed the news tightly, and beheaded anyone who leaked it.
After intensive secret arrangements, Qin Jun was ready to win in one fell swoop.Zhao Kuo changed Lian Po's tactics of defending against the wall and attacked Qin with all his troops.Bai Qi feigned defeat, deliberately giving Zhao Kuo a taste of the sweetness, so that his army won several small victories.When he was defeated, the troops were divided into three groups, and pocket formations were set up on the left and right sides, and the middle road was used to lure the enemy deep.Zhao Kuo was completely dazzled by the victory in front of him, and didn't even know that he had become a turtle in the urn.Bai Qi counterattacked immediately after the pocket formation was formed, and the three armies dispatched together to cut the Zhao army in two and cut off its food supply.The situation took a turn for the worse, and Zhao Jun stood by and waited for help.At the same time, Qin's new army continued to march to Changping to join the war, and the Zhao army was completely surrounded.Poor Zhao Jun was surrounded for 46 days, ran out of food and grass, and killed people to eat.Zhao Kuo had no choice but to lead his troops to break out of the siege, but was shot dead by the Qin army's random arrows without success.As soon as the main general died, the army was defeated like a mountain, and all 40 Zhao troops surrendered.Fearing that Zhao State would send troops to cause chaos, Bai Qi also used this to deter the princes, and ordered 240 boy scouts under the age of 15 to be returned to Zhao State, and the rest were buried alive, which became the most brutal massacre in history.This Zhao Kuo can only "talk on paper".On the real battlefield, he fell into the enemy's trick of "closing the door to catch thieves", losing 40 troops, and Zhao Guo was never able to recover from it.
The Battle of Changping lasted for 3 years and ended with Zhao Guo's disastrous defeat.Since then, the princes of the Guandong were no longer able to fight against Qin.
[Comment and Analysis]
Looking at the whole process of the Battle of Changping, the root cause of the defeat was that King Zhao listened to the rumors spread by Fan Ju and replaced the experienced veteran Lian Po with Zhao Kuo who could only "talk on paper".Another key figure that determines the success or failure of the battle is Fan Ju. Although it is rarely mentioned here, his use of alienation to deceive King Zhao and change the general can be regarded as a turning point in the war.Spreading rumors seems to be making suggestions for the State of Zhao, but in fact it is creating conditions for the victory of the State of Qin.
You can't control the world unless you are the most holy Dao; you can't do it without hard work
[Original text]
If you are not the most holy Dao, you cannot control the world; if you don't work hard, you can't do the truth; if you don't pay attention to your feelings, you can't become famous;Therefore, in the way of disobedience and harmony, one must measure one's own ability to know one's wisdom. It is better to measure the length, distance, and distance. It can be advanced, it can be retreated, it can be vertical, and it can be horizontal.
【Translation】
One cannot govern the world without attaining the lofty level of a sage; one cannot understand the true nature of things without hard work; one cannot achieve fame without one’s heart in discovering the truth; one cannot plan strategies without one’s ability and intelligence. , Seize the opportunity; if you can't be honest and simple, you can't identify and appoint talents.Therefore, the rule of disobedience is that you must evaluate your own talents and intelligence, recognize your strengths and weaknesses, and know where you are superior to others and where you are inferior to others.Only in this way can we advance and retreat vertically and horizontally, and use it freely.
Examples of Wisdom
Disband the Hunan Army for self-protection
Zeng Guofan's hometown is in Hunan.Soon after the Taiping Rebellion broke out, his mother in his hometown died.So Zeng Guofan went home to make arrangements for the funeral of the old man, and kept the funeral as a filial piety.
At that time, the Eight Banners soldiers and the Green Battalion soldiers trained by the Qing government were suppressing the Taiping Army, and they were defeated one after another.In desperation, the Qing government ordered the provinces to organize local regiment training and set up local armed forces to suppress the Taiping Army.
After Zeng Guofan learned of this order, he immediately organized the Hunan regiment to practice.He used his relatives, friends, fellow countrymen, classmates and disciples as battalion officers, and then the battalion officers personally selected and recruited sentry officers, and the sentry officers selected soldiers.In this way, they were recruited layer by layer, and the Hunan Army Navy and Land Division were created.Both armies are under the control of Zeng Guofan, and the soldiers are generals. They do not accept the dispatch of the government, but only obey the orders of Zeng Guofan alone.Therefore, the Hunan Army has a strong feudal personal affiliation, and it is difficult for the Qing government to have military power.However, the Hunan Army has strict military discipline, and the ordnance used in the drills are all foreign guns and cannons, and their combat effectiveness is relatively strong.Compared with the Eight Banners soldiers and Green Battalion soldiers of the imperial court, they are full of vigor and vitality.Under the command of Zeng Guofan, the Hunan Army captured parts of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
The Qing government saw that Zeng Guofan's regiment had performed well, and in order to encourage him to continue to suppress the Taiping Army, the Qing government entrusted the military affairs of the four provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang to Zeng Guofan.From November 1861, Zeng Guofan had jurisdiction over the governors, admirals and civil and military officials of the four provinces.
This is the greatest power given to Han officials by the Qing government in history. In the past, Han governors controlled at most three provinces.When Zeng Guofan's relatives and friends expressed their congratulations to him one after another, Zeng Guofan was not complacent. He is well aware of the unpredictable changes in his official career, so he often walks on thin ice, and has always been cautious and fearful.
Emperor Xianfeng was overjoyed when he learned that the Hunan Army had captured Wuchang City in Hubei Province, and he praised Zeng Guofan: "Zeng Guofan is a scholar. I didn't expect to have such military talent! He has made great achievements. When the Taiping Army suppresses it, I will definitely Reward him well!"
However, a minister stepped forward to remind Emperor Xianfeng: "In his hometown, Zeng Guofan, as a registered servant, was able to raise his arms, and there were many people who responded, and there were tens of thousands of followers. Your Majesty, you should be more careful. Whether it is a blessing or a curse, I am afraid." It’s hard to judge right now.”
Emperor Xianfeng listened, his complexion gradually changed, and he was silent for a long time, and never praised Zeng Guofan in front of his ministers again.
Zeng Guofan quickly suppressed the Taiping Rebellion.Emperor Xianfeng kept his promise and named him first-class Yiyonghou, and he could be hereditary.Zeng Guofan's family members, relatives and friends were all overjoyed, thinking that the Zeng family could get away with it once and for all.But Zeng Guofan was not proud of this, but worried that the tree would attract the wind, which would arouse the jealousy of others and the suspicion of the emperor, and he would end up like a dead dog.Therefore, Zeng Guofan only thought about how to protect himself wisely and retreat bravely, so as not to lose his previous achievements and damage his reputation.
He immediately wrote to his younger brother, asking him to withdraw when the opportunity arises, so as not to be ostracized.He also noticed that Emperor Xianfeng had a grudge. In order to show that he had no intention of seizing power, he told the emperor: The Hunan Army has been established for a long time, and it has been contaminated with some of the bad habits of the army and is a little chaotic.Now that the goal of suppressing the Taiping Army has been achieved, Zou asks the imperial court to disband its troops and disband the Hunan Army it has trained.
Zeng Guofan was in a dilemma about whether he should stay or not.If it is stated that he wants to stay in the court to serve, the emperor may think that he is greedy for power and position; if he asks to retire from his old age, the emperor will think that he is unwilling to serve the country, and may even be suspected of forming an army and plotting the throne.Therefore, in the memorial, he avoided talking about this issue.
Since the elimination of the Hunan Army was the first thing Emperor Xianfeng had to deal with, he lamented Zeng Guofan's "understanding" and immediately ordered the disbandment of part of the Hunan Army, allowing him to remain as Governor of Liangjiang.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Unless you are the most holy Dao, you cannot control the world", which means that if you cannot exhaust the principles of the world and explore the essence of things like a sage, you will not be able to stand in the world and govern the world.To be an official, you must be prepared for danger in times of peace, and to get famous, you must retreat in time. At the same time, you must be good at observing words and emotions and guessing people's hearts.As one of the most outstanding officials in ancient Chinese feudal society, Zeng Guofan knew the way of officialdom very well.Be an official all your life, be cautious, walk on thin ice, don't take credit for pride, and don't be proud of yourself, and you will eventually achieve great success.
After Zeng Guofan became famous, he eliminated the Hunan army and protected himself wisely. The timing and method used were just right, which not only avoided being suspected by the emperor, but also further gained the trust of "understanding".
bear the burden of humiliation and revenge
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Mang usurped power, his rule was corrupt, and the world was in chaos.Farmers from all over the country revolted one after another. Brothers Liu Yan and Liu Xiu from Caiyang, Nanyang (now southwest of Zaoyang, Hubei Province) took the opportunity to raise troops, under the banner of rebuilding the Han Dynasty, and recruited troops everywhere.
The two later led their own team to join the Green Forest Army.Liu Xuan, a member of their clan, joined the Pinglin Army at first, was promoted to be Gengshi General, and later merged with the Green Forest Army.
In 23 A.D., Liu Xuan proclaimed himself emperor, and the reign title was changed.With the demise of Wang Mang's rule, he moved his capital to Chang'an, and soon betrayed the uprising of the Green Forest Army, turning his spearhead to kill the peasant army.Liu Xiu's elder brother Liu Yan was killed by Liu Xuan at this time.
Liu Xuan knew that Liu Xiu would definitely not let him go, and would seek him to avenge his brother's killing, so he always hoped that Liu Xiu would avenge his brother as soon as possible, so that he could find a reason to kill Liu Xiu.
But he has not been able to do so.Because Liu Xiu had his own considerations, not only did he not settle accounts with Liu Xuan, but on the surface he remained calm and nonchalant.When he met Liu Xuan, his expression was as usual, and he responded in a low voice, never mentioning a word about his brother.Moreover, he does not wear filial piety, does not hold funerals, and talks and eats as usual.Therefore, Liu Xuan never found an excuse to get rid of Liu Xiu.
Of course Liu Xiu knew in his heart that his elder brother was a meritorious official, but he was killed because of fighting for power. He was always resentful and deeply sad for his elder brother.Although he was calm during the day, he often cried at night, vowing in his heart that he must complete the unfinished business of his brother.
However, Liu Xiu knew that he was Liu Xuan's subject after all, and with his current strength, he was not yet Liu Xuan's opponent.If he acted rashly, he would probably fail and be killed, and end up in the same fate as his brother.In that way, there is no grand plan and great cause to pursue!How can the purpose of revenge for brother be realized?
At the same time, he also knew that he was a meritorious minister. During the Kunyang War, he personally led 13 people to break out of the siege for help, and made great achievements for Liu Xuan.Liu Xuan is also very aware of this, and will not kill himself hastily.At this time, if he mentioned that period of history again, it might please Liu Xuan and increase his trust in him, but Liu Xiu didn't mention it at all.This is exactly a strategy of doing nothing and doing nothing.
Seeing that Liu Xiu was so magnanimous, Liu Xuan was deeply ashamed, so he ordered Liu Xiu to be appointed General Polu and named Hu Xinhou.
Seeing this, Liu Xiu took the opportunity to expand his military power.In 23 A.D., Liu Xiu went to Hebei to abolish Wang Mang's tyranny and release prisoners, which won the hearts of the people.Then, with the call to restore the Han family, he won the support of local bureaucrats and landlords, and his power became stronger and stronger.At the same time, he suppressed and incorporated the peasant uprising army such as the Bronze Horse, and his strength continued to grow.Liu Xiu felt that the time had come to realize his great ambition, so he broke with Liu Xuan and raised troops to attack Liu Xuan.
After a long struggle, Liu Xiu finally defeated Liu Xuan, avenged his elder brother and finally won the world, and established the Eastern Han Dynasty as Emperor Guangwu.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Materials are not beneficial, so you can't use soldiers", that is, you must have the quality of being smart, flexible, and sensible, able to grasp the key points, regardless of the details.Liu Xiu knew very well that she was alone and alone, and if she immediately reported to Liu Xuan for killing her brother, her life would be lost, so she endured the humiliation and waited for a favorable opportunity.This not only saved his life, but also gave him time to accumulate strength, so that he could finally kill Liu Xuan and ascend to the throne of God.
Don't believe the rumors, use your subordinates
Feng Yi is one of Liu Xiu's fierce generals. Since he surrendered to Liu Xiu, he has made many military exploits.
After the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, in the second year of Jianwu (AD 26), Feng Yi was sent to the Guanzhong area to put down the armed group and defend against the invasion of the Sichuan armed group Gongsunshu.
Feng Yi knew that he had been in the foreign domain for a long time and made many military exploits. Someone must frame him, so he went to the court and strongly demanded to return to the emperor.Liu Xiu knew Feng Yi's thoughts, but did not approve his request.
At this time, someone happened to play, saying that Feng Yi acted arbitrarily in Guanzhong and killed Chang'an Ling.Liu Xiu planned to use this memorial to dispel Feng Yi's doubts, so he ordered someone to bring this memorial to Feng Yi and asked him to watch it alone.
When Feng Yi saw this memorial, he was shocked and hurried to explain:
"This minister was originally a scholar. He was only a member of the army because of the chaos in the world. He was favored by His Majesty to be awarded the position of General and the Marquis of Tong. He was appointed to go to the expedition to make minor contributions. All the achievements are due to His Majesty's foresight and foresight. As a result, the foolish minister has no credit at all. I follow the imperial edict to fight and win every battle;
"At the beginning of the military revolution, the world was in turmoil, heroes competed, and confused thousands. The minister was still able to rely on his sage and dare not go too far. What's more, the world is now peaceful and orderly, how dare the minister be unpredictable? Now seeing The memorial you let me read made me tremble and fear. Thinking about it again, the master and minister are dull, so I dare to present myself in the chapter."
When Liu Xiu saw Feng Yi's memorial, he immediately replied with an imperial edict with a very clear attitude, saying:
"The relationship between the general and me is that of a king and a subject, and that he is a father and son. Why have I ever suspected you? Why are you so worried?"
Later, Liu Xiu took advantage of Feng Yi's return to Beijing to meet with him, pointed at him and said to the ministers:
"This is my master book when I raised the army. He fought bloody battles and pacified Guanzhong for me. He is my loyal minister and good general." Then, he rewarded Feng Yi with many treasures, clothes and money.
A few days later, Liu Xiu still ordered him to take his wife back to Guanzhong and stay where he was.
Liu Xiu's actions dispelled Feng Yi's doubts. He returned to Guanzhong with peace of mind, let go of his hands and feet, forged ahead and made contributions.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Faith is not true, you cannot know people", the requirement is to have the ability to distinguish the true from the false, not to be deceived by some superficial phenomena.This is also a big problem for leaders how to make their subordinates feel at ease.Liu Xiu's wisdom is manifested in this: fully trust the ministers, instead of being confused by rumors, and try to make the ministers feel at ease to do things.
【Wisdom summary】
"Disobedience" means disobedience and disobedience, that is, it violates the requirements of the development of things and runs counter to its laws;This article on Disobedience and Combination Art is about the problem of separation, combination and reverse, emphasizing the need to be good at grasping the situation of mutual transformation between the two, as long as you follow the trend, you can move freely.
The article first mentions that "disobedience" and "combination" can be transformed into each other. Different things have their own characteristics of change. Different stages of things require different methods.Anyone who is good at adapting to the current situation and grasping opportunities can choose the object he deviates from or the object he gets close to at will.
Secondly, the article talks about how to use the art of disobedience.Because things not only have commonality, but also have their own individuality, when implementing strategies, they must not be stereotyped, but must be used flexibly.When making decisions, we should fully consider the actual conditions to meet the requirements of the actual situation and practical problems. We must "repeat each other and make decisions based on facts" to find the most suitable position for ourselves in the comparison.
From the point of view of the method of application, if the decision is to be adopted by the target of lobbying, it must conform to his mind.First of all, it must be different from person to person, and different lobbying objects must adopt different lobbying methods; secondly, it is to determine the specific lobbying methods, which must be combined with the previous method of using flying pincers, or seduce, or intimidate, or Both rigidity and softness, with practical lobbying countermeasures, can we correctly choose whether to "converge" or "reverse".
Finally, what is mentioned in the article is how the user can have the quality to make reasonable decisions and implement strategies smoothly.Saint-like noble character, diligent thinking attitude, insight into the truth of all things, flexible mind, and the ability to distinguish between true and false are all indispensable quality requirements for users.
In short, no matter whether you are a counselor or a lobbyist, as long as you can understand your own situation and the ability of the other party, you can successfully use the art of disobedience, so that you can "advance, retreat, vertical, and horizontal."
(End of this chapter)
The genus of chemical swivels has its own situation
[Original text]
Where there is convergence and double reversal, it is suitable.The genus of Huazhuan has its own situation.Ask for each other repeatedly, and make things happen.Therefore, a sage lives between the heaven and the earth, establishes himself, governs the world, teaches, raises his voice, and makes his name known. He must observe the appropriateness of the sky and the time according to the meeting of things.
The impermanence of the world is precious, and the impermanence of the world is a teacher.A sage always does nothing and does nothing, listens to everything and listens to everything, accomplishes things and cooperates with strategies, and is the master of them.If you are in harmony with one another and separate from this, if you are not loyal to each other, there will be rebellion.If you are against it, you will be against that; if you are against this, you will be against that.
【Translation】
In everything in the world, whether it is about unity or confrontation, there will be different strategies suitable for various situations.The change of the separation and combination of all things is as endless as the continuous rotation, and it will change according to the change of the situation, thus forming different situations.Therefore, when formulating strategies, counselors should repeatedly seek the best strategy based on the repeated changes in the actual situation, and formulate different measures to adapt to the changing situation.Therefore, a sage stands between the heaven and the earth, whether he is acting on his own feet, or teaching, expanding and promoting his status and reputation, he must understand the laws of the development and changes of things, observe whether the changes in the weather are appropriate, seize favorable opportunities, and weigh the pros and cons , so as to understand where the advantages and disadvantages of administrative education are, so that different strategies can be formulated as the situation changes, so as to promote the transformation of the situation in a direction that is beneficial to oneself.
There is no eternal dignity in the world, and there is no role model that can be imitated forever.The sage often does nothing but does everything, often listens to everything but listens to everything.If things are bound to succeed and are in line with the principles of strategy, they should be taken as the main body.Although it is in line with the intention of the other party, it is a pity that it deviates from the principle of the other party. This is called "the strategy cannot be applied to both parties."To be loyal to one party must be contrary to the other party, to unite with one party and to deviate from the other party; to deviate from this party and unite with the other party, this is the "art of rebellion".
Examples of Wisdom
Swallowing Dai Guo
In the third year of King Huan of Zhou (717 BC), Duke Zheng Zhuang entrusted the order of Emperor Zhou to attack the State of Song with Qi and Lu.Song Shanggong was shocked when he heard about this, and hurriedly summoned Sima Kongfu Jia for advice.Father Kongjia said: "I have sent people to find out clearly that the emperor of Zhou did not have the order to attack the Song Dynasty. The Qi and Lu countries were deceived by Zheng Zhuanggong to send troops. Now the three countries are coming together. Fighting head-on. But its domestic defense is bound to be empty. As long as we buy Wei Guo with a lot of money, we want Wei Guo to unite with Cai Guo, attack Zheng Guo's mainland with light troops, and threaten Zheng's capital Xingyang. In this way, Zheng Zhuanggong will naturally retreat. And Zheng Bing once If we retreat, there will be no leader among the dragons, and the two countries of Qi and Lu will also retreat."
Song Shanggong listened to Kong Fujia's suggestion, and Wei Xuangong really sent the right minister Chou to lead the army to join Kong Fujia. Through the indirect passage, by surprise, they went straight to the city of Xingyang, the capital of Zheng.Zheng Shizi and the doctor sacrificed their feet to defend the city in a hurry, and You Zaichou wanted to take advantage of the situation to attack the city. Kong Fujia said: "We succeeded in attacking Xingyang, but we just took advantage of it. If we continue to attack the city, in case Zheng Zhuanggong returns to the rescue, we will attack the city." It would be very dangerous for me to form an internal and external attack, so it is better to take advantage of Dai State and return to the army victoriously. I guess that when our army leaves, Zheng Zhuanggong's soldiers and horses should also retreat from Song State." Therefore, according to Confucius According to Fujia's arrangement, the two countries of Song and Wei marched towards Dai State, trying to cheat from Dai State.Unexpectedly, King Dai thought that Song Wei was coming to attack Dai, so he closed the city gate and defended it.Kong Fujia was so angry that he attacked the city many times, but he couldn't take it down.
Zheng Zhuanggong led the army to attack the state of Song. He suddenly heard that the two countries of Song and Wei were approaching Zhengdu, so he sent an order to the army.When the army returned halfway, they received a military report from the country, saying that Song Wei had withdrawn from Xingyang and turned to Dai State, so Zhuang Gong ordered the army to march to Dai State.
Confucius' father Jia was leading an allied army to attack Dai. Hearing that Zheng Guo led the troops to rescue Dai, he had already set down the camp 50 li away from the city.Then, I heard that Dai Jun learned that Zheng Bing had come to rescue him, and he had opened the city gate to take Zheng Jun into the city.Kong Fujia and You Zaichou came out to watch the battle, and suddenly saw the flags of Zheng Jun planted all over the tower. General Zheng stood on the tower and said loudly, thank you two generals, we have already won Daicheng.
It turns out that Zheng Zhuanggong set up a strategy of "stealing the beam and changing the pillar", hypothetically saving Dai, and annexing Dai's army as soon as he entered the city.Kong Fujia was furious when he saw that Duke Zhuang had easily occupied Daicheng outside the city, and determined to fight to the death with Duke Zhuang.
The next day, as soon as he set up the camp, he heard a cannon fire behind the camp, and the flames shot up into the sky. They said that Zheng Bing had arrived, and Kong Fujia was about to leave the camp to fight, but the fire went out.Fang was about to return to the camp, but the cannon on the left rang again, and the flames continued.Just about to see what happened, the fire on the left has gone out, and the fire on the right has started again.Kong Fujia thought it was Duke Zhuang's suspicious strategy and ordered the whole army not to riot.
After a while, the flames on the left flared up again, and the shouts shook the sky.Kong Fujia was about to go to the rescue, when suddenly the flames on the right reappeared, and for a moment he couldn't tell whose troops it was. Kong Fujia only swung his army to the left, and lost his way in a hurry. It is the people of Weiguo!So the two armies joined together and rushed back to the middle camp, only to find that the middle camp had been occupied by General Zheng. Kong Fujia had no intention of fighting, so he took the road and ran away.Only more than 20 people followed, You Zaichou died in battle, and all the soldiers, horses and luggage of the Three Kingdoms were captured by Zheng Jun.
[Comment and Analysis]
Some things can get better results if you do it in the opposite direction than if you do it step by step, which is the so-called "conformity and transformation". The key to its successful application is flexibility, so that you can find a way to defeat the enemy.
The two countries of Song and Wei just wanted to borrow the way from Dai Guo, and had no intention of "disobedience", but were misunderstood by Dai Guo, and developed into a military confrontation; The opportunity of Wei and Wei to attack Song Dynasty destroyed Dai State, its "combination" was false, and its "disobedience" was the ultimate goal.Zheng Zhuanggong's success is due to the timely use of the conditions for mutual transformation of disobedience and conformity.
Make people split into three
In the mid-Qing Dynasty, Zhang Ying, the prime minister at that time, was from Tongcheng, Anhui.He has always paid attention to self-cultivation, and he is quite liked and respected by others.At the same time, he is also very filial to his parents. When he was an official in the court, he settled his mother in his hometown and often visited him at home.Mrs. Zhang's neighbor is a servant named Ye.When Zhang Ying went home to visit her mother, she felt that the house at home was dilapidated, so she ordered his servants to build a house and renovate it.After arranging everything, he returned to the capital.
Coincidentally, the servant's family is also planning to expand the house and wants to occupy a place between the two houses.The Zhang family also wanted to use that area as a corridor.As a result, a dispute arose between the two families.When the Zhang family started digging the foundation, the Ye family sent people to fill it up with soil; the Ye family planned to start construction and took a ruler to measure the land, but the Zhang family rushed forward and took away the tools.The two quarreled many times and almost used force several times, but both sides refused to make concessions.
Furious, Mrs. Zhang ordered someone to write a letter to Zhang Ying, hoping that he would go home immediately to deal with the matter.After reading the letter, Zhang Ying was not in a hurry, and wrote a short poem with a large brush like a rafter: "The family letter from thousands of miles away is only a wall, so why not let him be three feet away? The Great Wall is still there today, and Qin Shihuang of the past is not seen." After you are done, send someone to send it back quickly.
Mrs. Zhang thought that her son would come back to fight for the piece of land for her family, but she didn't expect that she waited and waited and waited for a reply.After reading the letter, Zhang's mother suddenly realized what her son meant.It's not worth it to hurt the harmony of the two families and ruin my own body because of Sanchidi.The old lady figured it out, and immediately took the initiative to retreat three feet from the wall.Seeing this, the neighbor felt deeply ashamed, moved the wall back three feet, and came to the door to apologize.In this way, the three-foot-wide alley that the two families had previously fought for formed a six-foot-wide alley.
The locals have praised this incident one after another, citing it as a good talk, and gave this alley a special name-Six Foot Alley.Someone even wrote a doggerel based on this: "If you fight, it won't work; if you give way, you will be six feet alley."
[Comment and Analysis]
You can use "cohesion" to change into "disobedience", and you can also use "disobedience" to convert into "combination".Zhang Ying's broad mind not only resolves the conflicts between neighbors, but also harmonizes the relationship between the two parties, which is more conducive to the successful settlement of the matter.Zhang Ying did not use any superb tactics here, but resolved the dispute with a broad mind.Turning "disobedience" and seeking "combination" is the best policy, and it also has a good enlightenment for us to conduct ourselves in the world.There is an old saying, "Small intolerance will lead to chaos and big plans", and now there is a saying that "take a step back, and endure a moment of calm".It can be seen that patience is sometimes a strategy, and the purpose of "retreat" is to "advance" better.
To stay with one another and stay away from here, plan not to be loyal to both
[Original text]
The technique is also, if it is used in the world, it must be measured and given to it; if it is used in the country, it must be measured and given to it; if it is used in the family, it must be measured and given to it; if it is used in the body, it must be measured in stature and momentum. And with it.Size advances and retreats, its use is one.You must first plan and plan, and then use the technique of flying pincers.
In ancient times, those who are good at turning their backs are those who cooperate with the four seas and encircle the princes, transform and turn the places that are disobedient, and then use them to seek harmony.Therefore, Yiyin uses soup on the fifth day, Jie on the fifth day, and then joins the soup.Lu Shangsan was King Wen, and the three of them were Yin, but they couldn't understand, and then they joined King Wen.This is the pincer of knowing the destiny, so there is no doubt about it.
【Translation】
If this kind of anti-disobedience is used to govern the world, it must be used according to the actual situation of the world; if this kind of anti-disobedience is used to govern the state, it must be used according to the actual situation of the state. Use it; if you want to apply this kind of anti-disobedience to family management, you must use it according to the actual situation of the family; Use it with style.The use of anti-disobedience, whether it is big or small, advancing or retreating, the methods and principles of its use are the same.We must first think and consider, determine the strategy, and then put it into practice with the technique of flying pincers.
In ancient times, those who were good at using the principle of opposite and anti-disobedience were able to harmonize the world, tolerate the princes, drive them into a situation of disobedience, and then try to change, shift the form, and create a new dynasty.Therefore, the virtuous Prime Minister Yiyin served the king of Shangtang five times and the king of Xiajie five times, and then he decided to serve the king of Shangtang as Allah.Jiang Taigong Lu Shang served King Wen of Zhou three times and King Zhou of Yin three times, but he couldn't understand King Yin Zhou, and then he decided to serve King Wen of Zhou wholeheartedly.This is knowing where the destiny of destiny is, so Yi Yin and Lu Shangcai surrendered to King Tang and King Wen of Shang without hesitation.
Examples of Wisdom
Long-distance "friends" close to the enemy
In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the status of Zhou Tianzi had actually been emptied, and all the heroes came together to compete in the Central Plains.In this chaotic situation, Zheng Zhuanggong cleverly used the strategy of "distance and close attack" to gain the overlord status at that time.At that time, Zheng State's neighbors Song State, Wei State, and Zheng State had deep grievances, and the contradictions were very sharp. Zheng State was always in danger of being pinched by the two countries.
Therefore, Zheng Guo took the initiative in diplomacy, successively forming alliances with the distant Zhu, Lu and other countries, and soon signed an alliance with the farther and powerful Qi State.
In 719 BC, Song, Wei, Chen and Cai jointly attacked the state of Zheng, and the state of Lu also sent troops to help, besieging the east gate of Zhengdu for five days and five nights.Although it was not captured, Zheng Guo already felt that there was a problem in the relationship between his country and Lu State, so he tried every means to repair the relationship with Lu State and jointly deal with Song and Wei.
In 717 BC, the state of Zheng attacked the state of Song in the name of helping the state of Zou to avenge its shame.At the same time, he actively launched a diplomatic offensive against the State of Lu, actively sent envoys to the State of Lu, and negotiated to return Zheng State's visit to the State of Lu to the State of Lu.Sure enough, Lu Guo and Zheng Guo rebuilt their old friendship.At that time, Qi State came forward to mediate the relationship between Zheng State and Song State. Zheng Zhuanggong expressed his respect for Qi State's opinion and temporarily repaired with Song State.Therefore, Qi State also deepened its "feelings" for Zheng State.
In 714 BC, Zheng Zhuanggong issued an order to attack the Song State on behalf of the Zhou Emperor on the grounds that the Song State did not worship the Emperor Zhou.The armies of Zheng, Qi, and Lu quickly captured a large area of Song State.The Song and Wei armies avoided the edge of the coalition forces and took advantage of the emptiness to attack the state of Zheng.Zheng Zhuanggong sent all the land occupied by the Song State to Qi and Lu, and quickly returned to the army, defeating the Song and Wei armies.Zheng Guo took advantage of the victory to pursue and defeated Song Guo, and Wei Guo was forced to seek peace.In this way, Zheng Zhuanggong worked hard to expand, and his hegemony was formed.
Below is another example of disobedience and discord by means of long-distance and short-term aggression.
After Zhao Kuangyin came to power, he released the military power of his old comrades with a glass of wine, tamed the "ten brothers" of Jiedushi, and killed the Fengqiu gatekeeper who opened the door for him during the mutiny.
At the same time as close attack, Zhao Kuangyin also paid great attention to distant friendship.He paid great attention to discovering talents, and appointed many talented and talented people without qualifications to take on important responsibilities.
During the mutiny at Chenqiao, the gatekeepers of Chenqiao were loyal to Hou Zhou and defended behind closed doors, not allowing Zhao Jun to pass through.Zhao Jun changed his way to Fengqiu, and the Fengqiu guard opened the door and let them go.After Zhao Kuangyin became emperor, he killed the gatekeeper of Fengqiu and appointed the gatekeeper of Chenqiao.
Once, when Zhao invited his ministers to a banquet, Wang Zhu, a Hanlin scholar, got drunk and wept bitterly in public for the old master of the Later Zhou Dynasty.Some people said that they should be severely punished.Zhao said: "When I was in Sejong, I was a courtier with him. It's okay for a scholar to cry for his old master. Let him cry!" Nothing happened to Wang Zhuo.
Once, Zhao Kuangyin was traveling by car. Suddenly, someone shot an arrow at him and hit the Yellow Dragon Banner.The Janissaries were shocked, and someone came up to hunt down the killer.Zhao said: "Thank you for teaching me how to shoot an arrow." He ordered that the guards not be allowed to pursue the archer.
Zhao Kuangyin's short-term attack effectively restrained the unhealthy development of the forces of heroes and relatives of the emperor; the long-distance friendship recruited a large number of talents, and the relaxed political atmosphere and social environment promoted the development of the country.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Conforming to the other but leaving here, the strategy is not loyal to the two" means that the strategies used will cause conflicts between the interests of the two parties. While maintaining the interests of one party, it will damage the interests of the other party. At this time, it is necessary to use When it comes to the technique of disobedience and separation, its characteristic is that it is superficially compatible with one side, and one side makes plans for it, but in fact it is the other side that benefits.Zheng Zhuanggong made distant diplomatic relations with Lu and Qi. On the surface, it seemed to be a good relationship, which seemed to be beneficial to the development of the two countries. In fact, he was creating conditions for himself to "close attack" wholeheartedly. The use of his strategy was still more beneficial to himself. At the same time, the countries with far-flung diplomatic relations were relatively weakened.
Zhao Kuangyin made close attacks to consolidate the throne, but made distant friends with people who were once unfavorable to him. Why?On the surface it is still under the banner of "combination", but in fact it has recruited a group of loyal talents and made them use it for itself, and its benefits are still more on its own side.
Divorce wins the battle of Changping
In the process of unifying the six countries, Qin State first aggressively attacked the neighboring countries Wei and Han. After seizing the land, after careful planning, it began to attack Zhao State.In 261 BC, Qin captured Shangdang of Zhao State; in 260 BC, Qin General Wang He led his army to attack Zhao State Changping.Changping is the gateway for the Qin army to enter Zhao, and its geographical location is very important. Both countries are very aware of this, so they both sent their main forces and elites.Lian Po, an experienced veteran of the Zhao Guo faction, refused to defend Changping. No matter how the Qin army attacked, he just refused to fight.Although the Qin army achieved some small victories at the beginning, beheaded several Zhao generals, and captured several cities, they were still unable to achieve a decisive victory.
The development of the war situation caused internal disputes in Zhao State. One side advocated for peace, while the other insisted on the main war.In the end, the war faction prevailed.The state of Zhao sent people to the state of Wei to persuade the king of Wei and the state of Zhao to fight against Qin.The state of Qin was also afraid of the alliance between the state of Wei and Zhao, so he also sent people to the state of Wei to reunite.At this time, the state of Wei was playing double-faced. On the surface, he agreed to help Zhao, but in fact he was provoking Zhao and Qin to fight again, trying to reap the benefits of the fisherman and manipulate the situation in the Kanto after the two sides were seriously injured.The Zhao people thought that Wei Guo would really help him, so they made up their minds to fight Qin to the end.
Qin Guo vowed to win Changping, and recruited men over 15 years old in the country to join the army on the front line, and set up a decisive battle with Zhao Guo to the end.It can also be proved from history that the Battle of Changping was actually a decisive battle between Qin and the princes of the Kanto.In July of this year, the Qin army seized many lands in Zhao State.The resourceful and capable veteran general Lian Po saw the opportunity when Qin's vigor was depleted and his combat effectiveness was not as good as before. He suddenly launched a counterattack, regained some lost ground, and then chose favorable terrain to hold on.The Qin army challenged several times, but Lian Po still stood firm, and the Qin army never advanced half a foot.The battle has entered a stalemate and is in a stalemate.After a long time, it will be unfavorable to the Qin army whose supply line is too long.The king of Qin hurriedly called a group of ministers to discuss countermeasures.
At this time, the state of Qin heard that King Zhao was very dissatisfied with Lian Po's inability to defend himself, and sent people to the front to supervise the battle many times, but Lian Po insisted that "the general is out, and the king's order is not acceptable."Hearing the news, Fan Ju felt that the opportunity had come.He immediately offered a countermeasure to King Qin, sent spies to sneak into Zhao State, and spread rumors, saying that Lian Po was afraid of Qin State and worried that failure would ruin his reputation for the rest of his life, so he just couldn't hold on.He also said that the people of Qin are not afraid of Lian Po, but only Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She who has read military books.These spies also used a lot of money to buy the ministers of the Zhao state, and asked them to ask the king of Zhao to send Zhao Kuo to replace Lian Po, so that the battle could be resolved quickly.This trick really worked. Under the instigation of the pro-Qin ministers, Zhao Wang withdrew Lian Po, and appointed Zhao Kuo as a general to lead his troops to meet the enemy.
When Zhao Kuo's mother heard about it, she rushed to the palace and said to King Zhao: "When Zhao Kuo's father was alive, he often said that Zhao Kuo could only talk on paper and could not be used in actual combat. He should not be used as a general." Xizi didn't want his son to go to the front line, so he still insisted on using Zhao Kuo.
When Zhao Kuo came to Changping to command the army, he immediately replaced the generals and set up new rules, which made Zhao's army dissatisfied.When the people of Qin heard the news, they immediately appointed Bai Qi, a famous general who had experienced many battles, as the chief general, and Wang Lu as the deputy general, and sealed the news tightly, and beheaded anyone who leaked it.
After intensive secret arrangements, Qin Jun was ready to win in one fell swoop.Zhao Kuo changed Lian Po's tactics of defending against the wall and attacked Qin with all his troops.Bai Qi feigned defeat, deliberately giving Zhao Kuo a taste of the sweetness, so that his army won several small victories.When he was defeated, the troops were divided into three groups, and pocket formations were set up on the left and right sides, and the middle road was used to lure the enemy deep.Zhao Kuo was completely dazzled by the victory in front of him, and didn't even know that he had become a turtle in the urn.Bai Qi counterattacked immediately after the pocket formation was formed, and the three armies dispatched together to cut the Zhao army in two and cut off its food supply.The situation took a turn for the worse, and Zhao Jun stood by and waited for help.At the same time, Qin's new army continued to march to Changping to join the war, and the Zhao army was completely surrounded.Poor Zhao Jun was surrounded for 46 days, ran out of food and grass, and killed people to eat.Zhao Kuo had no choice but to lead his troops to break out of the siege, but was shot dead by the Qin army's random arrows without success.As soon as the main general died, the army was defeated like a mountain, and all 40 Zhao troops surrendered.Fearing that Zhao State would send troops to cause chaos, Bai Qi also used this to deter the princes, and ordered 240 boy scouts under the age of 15 to be returned to Zhao State, and the rest were buried alive, which became the most brutal massacre in history.This Zhao Kuo can only "talk on paper".On the real battlefield, he fell into the enemy's trick of "closing the door to catch thieves", losing 40 troops, and Zhao Guo was never able to recover from it.
The Battle of Changping lasted for 3 years and ended with Zhao Guo's disastrous defeat.Since then, the princes of the Guandong were no longer able to fight against Qin.
[Comment and Analysis]
Looking at the whole process of the Battle of Changping, the root cause of the defeat was that King Zhao listened to the rumors spread by Fan Ju and replaced the experienced veteran Lian Po with Zhao Kuo who could only "talk on paper".Another key figure that determines the success or failure of the battle is Fan Ju. Although it is rarely mentioned here, his use of alienation to deceive King Zhao and change the general can be regarded as a turning point in the war.Spreading rumors seems to be making suggestions for the State of Zhao, but in fact it is creating conditions for the victory of the State of Qin.
You can't control the world unless you are the most holy Dao; you can't do it without hard work
[Original text]
If you are not the most holy Dao, you cannot control the world; if you don't work hard, you can't do the truth; if you don't pay attention to your feelings, you can't become famous;Therefore, in the way of disobedience and harmony, one must measure one's own ability to know one's wisdom. It is better to measure the length, distance, and distance. It can be advanced, it can be retreated, it can be vertical, and it can be horizontal.
【Translation】
One cannot govern the world without attaining the lofty level of a sage; one cannot understand the true nature of things without hard work; one cannot achieve fame without one’s heart in discovering the truth; one cannot plan strategies without one’s ability and intelligence. , Seize the opportunity; if you can't be honest and simple, you can't identify and appoint talents.Therefore, the rule of disobedience is that you must evaluate your own talents and intelligence, recognize your strengths and weaknesses, and know where you are superior to others and where you are inferior to others.Only in this way can we advance and retreat vertically and horizontally, and use it freely.
Examples of Wisdom
Disband the Hunan Army for self-protection
Zeng Guofan's hometown is in Hunan.Soon after the Taiping Rebellion broke out, his mother in his hometown died.So Zeng Guofan went home to make arrangements for the funeral of the old man, and kept the funeral as a filial piety.
At that time, the Eight Banners soldiers and the Green Battalion soldiers trained by the Qing government were suppressing the Taiping Army, and they were defeated one after another.In desperation, the Qing government ordered the provinces to organize local regiment training and set up local armed forces to suppress the Taiping Army.
After Zeng Guofan learned of this order, he immediately organized the Hunan regiment to practice.He used his relatives, friends, fellow countrymen, classmates and disciples as battalion officers, and then the battalion officers personally selected and recruited sentry officers, and the sentry officers selected soldiers.In this way, they were recruited layer by layer, and the Hunan Army Navy and Land Division were created.Both armies are under the control of Zeng Guofan, and the soldiers are generals. They do not accept the dispatch of the government, but only obey the orders of Zeng Guofan alone.Therefore, the Hunan Army has a strong feudal personal affiliation, and it is difficult for the Qing government to have military power.However, the Hunan Army has strict military discipline, and the ordnance used in the drills are all foreign guns and cannons, and their combat effectiveness is relatively strong.Compared with the Eight Banners soldiers and Green Battalion soldiers of the imperial court, they are full of vigor and vitality.Under the command of Zeng Guofan, the Hunan Army captured parts of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
The Qing government saw that Zeng Guofan's regiment had performed well, and in order to encourage him to continue to suppress the Taiping Army, the Qing government entrusted the military affairs of the four provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang to Zeng Guofan.From November 1861, Zeng Guofan had jurisdiction over the governors, admirals and civil and military officials of the four provinces.
This is the greatest power given to Han officials by the Qing government in history. In the past, Han governors controlled at most three provinces.When Zeng Guofan's relatives and friends expressed their congratulations to him one after another, Zeng Guofan was not complacent. He is well aware of the unpredictable changes in his official career, so he often walks on thin ice, and has always been cautious and fearful.
Emperor Xianfeng was overjoyed when he learned that the Hunan Army had captured Wuchang City in Hubei Province, and he praised Zeng Guofan: "Zeng Guofan is a scholar. I didn't expect to have such military talent! He has made great achievements. When the Taiping Army suppresses it, I will definitely Reward him well!"
However, a minister stepped forward to remind Emperor Xianfeng: "In his hometown, Zeng Guofan, as a registered servant, was able to raise his arms, and there were many people who responded, and there were tens of thousands of followers. Your Majesty, you should be more careful. Whether it is a blessing or a curse, I am afraid." It’s hard to judge right now.”
Emperor Xianfeng listened, his complexion gradually changed, and he was silent for a long time, and never praised Zeng Guofan in front of his ministers again.
Zeng Guofan quickly suppressed the Taiping Rebellion.Emperor Xianfeng kept his promise and named him first-class Yiyonghou, and he could be hereditary.Zeng Guofan's family members, relatives and friends were all overjoyed, thinking that the Zeng family could get away with it once and for all.But Zeng Guofan was not proud of this, but worried that the tree would attract the wind, which would arouse the jealousy of others and the suspicion of the emperor, and he would end up like a dead dog.Therefore, Zeng Guofan only thought about how to protect himself wisely and retreat bravely, so as not to lose his previous achievements and damage his reputation.
He immediately wrote to his younger brother, asking him to withdraw when the opportunity arises, so as not to be ostracized.He also noticed that Emperor Xianfeng had a grudge. In order to show that he had no intention of seizing power, he told the emperor: The Hunan Army has been established for a long time, and it has been contaminated with some of the bad habits of the army and is a little chaotic.Now that the goal of suppressing the Taiping Army has been achieved, Zou asks the imperial court to disband its troops and disband the Hunan Army it has trained.
Zeng Guofan was in a dilemma about whether he should stay or not.If it is stated that he wants to stay in the court to serve, the emperor may think that he is greedy for power and position; if he asks to retire from his old age, the emperor will think that he is unwilling to serve the country, and may even be suspected of forming an army and plotting the throne.Therefore, in the memorial, he avoided talking about this issue.
Since the elimination of the Hunan Army was the first thing Emperor Xianfeng had to deal with, he lamented Zeng Guofan's "understanding" and immediately ordered the disbandment of part of the Hunan Army, allowing him to remain as Governor of Liangjiang.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Unless you are the most holy Dao, you cannot control the world", which means that if you cannot exhaust the principles of the world and explore the essence of things like a sage, you will not be able to stand in the world and govern the world.To be an official, you must be prepared for danger in times of peace, and to get famous, you must retreat in time. At the same time, you must be good at observing words and emotions and guessing people's hearts.As one of the most outstanding officials in ancient Chinese feudal society, Zeng Guofan knew the way of officialdom very well.Be an official all your life, be cautious, walk on thin ice, don't take credit for pride, and don't be proud of yourself, and you will eventually achieve great success.
After Zeng Guofan became famous, he eliminated the Hunan army and protected himself wisely. The timing and method used were just right, which not only avoided being suspected by the emperor, but also further gained the trust of "understanding".
bear the burden of humiliation and revenge
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Mang usurped power, his rule was corrupt, and the world was in chaos.Farmers from all over the country revolted one after another. Brothers Liu Yan and Liu Xiu from Caiyang, Nanyang (now southwest of Zaoyang, Hubei Province) took the opportunity to raise troops, under the banner of rebuilding the Han Dynasty, and recruited troops everywhere.
The two later led their own team to join the Green Forest Army.Liu Xuan, a member of their clan, joined the Pinglin Army at first, was promoted to be Gengshi General, and later merged with the Green Forest Army.
In 23 A.D., Liu Xuan proclaimed himself emperor, and the reign title was changed.With the demise of Wang Mang's rule, he moved his capital to Chang'an, and soon betrayed the uprising of the Green Forest Army, turning his spearhead to kill the peasant army.Liu Xiu's elder brother Liu Yan was killed by Liu Xuan at this time.
Liu Xuan knew that Liu Xiu would definitely not let him go, and would seek him to avenge his brother's killing, so he always hoped that Liu Xiu would avenge his brother as soon as possible, so that he could find a reason to kill Liu Xiu.
But he has not been able to do so.Because Liu Xiu had his own considerations, not only did he not settle accounts with Liu Xuan, but on the surface he remained calm and nonchalant.When he met Liu Xuan, his expression was as usual, and he responded in a low voice, never mentioning a word about his brother.Moreover, he does not wear filial piety, does not hold funerals, and talks and eats as usual.Therefore, Liu Xuan never found an excuse to get rid of Liu Xiu.
Of course Liu Xiu knew in his heart that his elder brother was a meritorious official, but he was killed because of fighting for power. He was always resentful and deeply sad for his elder brother.Although he was calm during the day, he often cried at night, vowing in his heart that he must complete the unfinished business of his brother.
However, Liu Xiu knew that he was Liu Xuan's subject after all, and with his current strength, he was not yet Liu Xuan's opponent.If he acted rashly, he would probably fail and be killed, and end up in the same fate as his brother.In that way, there is no grand plan and great cause to pursue!How can the purpose of revenge for brother be realized?
At the same time, he also knew that he was a meritorious minister. During the Kunyang War, he personally led 13 people to break out of the siege for help, and made great achievements for Liu Xuan.Liu Xuan is also very aware of this, and will not kill himself hastily.At this time, if he mentioned that period of history again, it might please Liu Xuan and increase his trust in him, but Liu Xiu didn't mention it at all.This is exactly a strategy of doing nothing and doing nothing.
Seeing that Liu Xiu was so magnanimous, Liu Xuan was deeply ashamed, so he ordered Liu Xiu to be appointed General Polu and named Hu Xinhou.
Seeing this, Liu Xiu took the opportunity to expand his military power.In 23 A.D., Liu Xiu went to Hebei to abolish Wang Mang's tyranny and release prisoners, which won the hearts of the people.Then, with the call to restore the Han family, he won the support of local bureaucrats and landlords, and his power became stronger and stronger.At the same time, he suppressed and incorporated the peasant uprising army such as the Bronze Horse, and his strength continued to grow.Liu Xiu felt that the time had come to realize his great ambition, so he broke with Liu Xuan and raised troops to attack Liu Xuan.
After a long struggle, Liu Xiu finally defeated Liu Xuan, avenged his elder brother and finally won the world, and established the Eastern Han Dynasty as Emperor Guangwu.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Materials are not beneficial, so you can't use soldiers", that is, you must have the quality of being smart, flexible, and sensible, able to grasp the key points, regardless of the details.Liu Xiu knew very well that she was alone and alone, and if she immediately reported to Liu Xuan for killing her brother, her life would be lost, so she endured the humiliation and waited for a favorable opportunity.This not only saved his life, but also gave him time to accumulate strength, so that he could finally kill Liu Xuan and ascend to the throne of God.
Don't believe the rumors, use your subordinates
Feng Yi is one of Liu Xiu's fierce generals. Since he surrendered to Liu Xiu, he has made many military exploits.
After the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, in the second year of Jianwu (AD 26), Feng Yi was sent to the Guanzhong area to put down the armed group and defend against the invasion of the Sichuan armed group Gongsunshu.
Feng Yi knew that he had been in the foreign domain for a long time and made many military exploits. Someone must frame him, so he went to the court and strongly demanded to return to the emperor.Liu Xiu knew Feng Yi's thoughts, but did not approve his request.
At this time, someone happened to play, saying that Feng Yi acted arbitrarily in Guanzhong and killed Chang'an Ling.Liu Xiu planned to use this memorial to dispel Feng Yi's doubts, so he ordered someone to bring this memorial to Feng Yi and asked him to watch it alone.
When Feng Yi saw this memorial, he was shocked and hurried to explain:
"This minister was originally a scholar. He was only a member of the army because of the chaos in the world. He was favored by His Majesty to be awarded the position of General and the Marquis of Tong. He was appointed to go to the expedition to make minor contributions. All the achievements are due to His Majesty's foresight and foresight. As a result, the foolish minister has no credit at all. I follow the imperial edict to fight and win every battle;
"At the beginning of the military revolution, the world was in turmoil, heroes competed, and confused thousands. The minister was still able to rely on his sage and dare not go too far. What's more, the world is now peaceful and orderly, how dare the minister be unpredictable? Now seeing The memorial you let me read made me tremble and fear. Thinking about it again, the master and minister are dull, so I dare to present myself in the chapter."
When Liu Xiu saw Feng Yi's memorial, he immediately replied with an imperial edict with a very clear attitude, saying:
"The relationship between the general and me is that of a king and a subject, and that he is a father and son. Why have I ever suspected you? Why are you so worried?"
Later, Liu Xiu took advantage of Feng Yi's return to Beijing to meet with him, pointed at him and said to the ministers:
"This is my master book when I raised the army. He fought bloody battles and pacified Guanzhong for me. He is my loyal minister and good general." Then, he rewarded Feng Yi with many treasures, clothes and money.
A few days later, Liu Xiu still ordered him to take his wife back to Guanzhong and stay where he was.
Liu Xiu's actions dispelled Feng Yi's doubts. He returned to Guanzhong with peace of mind, let go of his hands and feet, forged ahead and made contributions.
[Comment and Analysis]
"Faith is not true, you cannot know people", the requirement is to have the ability to distinguish the true from the false, not to be deceived by some superficial phenomena.This is also a big problem for leaders how to make their subordinates feel at ease.Liu Xiu's wisdom is manifested in this: fully trust the ministers, instead of being confused by rumors, and try to make the ministers feel at ease to do things.
【Wisdom summary】
"Disobedience" means disobedience and disobedience, that is, it violates the requirements of the development of things and runs counter to its laws;This article on Disobedience and Combination Art is about the problem of separation, combination and reverse, emphasizing the need to be good at grasping the situation of mutual transformation between the two, as long as you follow the trend, you can move freely.
The article first mentions that "disobedience" and "combination" can be transformed into each other. Different things have their own characteristics of change. Different stages of things require different methods.Anyone who is good at adapting to the current situation and grasping opportunities can choose the object he deviates from or the object he gets close to at will.
Secondly, the article talks about how to use the art of disobedience.Because things not only have commonality, but also have their own individuality, when implementing strategies, they must not be stereotyped, but must be used flexibly.When making decisions, we should fully consider the actual conditions to meet the requirements of the actual situation and practical problems. We must "repeat each other and make decisions based on facts" to find the most suitable position for ourselves in the comparison.
From the point of view of the method of application, if the decision is to be adopted by the target of lobbying, it must conform to his mind.First of all, it must be different from person to person, and different lobbying objects must adopt different lobbying methods; secondly, it is to determine the specific lobbying methods, which must be combined with the previous method of using flying pincers, or seduce, or intimidate, or Both rigidity and softness, with practical lobbying countermeasures, can we correctly choose whether to "converge" or "reverse".
Finally, what is mentioned in the article is how the user can have the quality to make reasonable decisions and implement strategies smoothly.Saint-like noble character, diligent thinking attitude, insight into the truth of all things, flexible mind, and the ability to distinguish between true and false are all indispensable quality requirements for users.
In short, no matter whether you are a counselor or a lobbyist, as long as you can understand your own situation and the ability of the other party, you can successfully use the art of disobedience, so that you can "advance, retreat, vertical, and horizontal."
(End of this chapter)
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