Three Character Classic · Hundred Family Surnames · Thousand Character Characters · Disciple Guidanc

Chapter 15
Du Ruan Lan Min Xi Ji Ma Qiang Jia Lu Lou Wei Jiang Tong Yan Guo
Forest

[surname origin]

After King Cheng of Zhou destroyed Tang, he granted Yu the title of Yu, and King Cheng of Zhou enfeoffed Tang Du family in Ducheng (now Xi'an, Shaanxi), and the residents took their place name Du as their surname.The second is from the change of the surname of the Xianbei people. In the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty, the surname was restored to the Dugu Hun family. After Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang, he changed the surname to Du.

【celebrity】

Du Mu, courtesy name Muzhi and nickname Fanchuan, was a poet of the Tang Dynasty and a native of Jingzhaowannian.He is the author of "Fan Chuan Collection", and his representative works include "A Fang Gong Fu", "Po Qin Huai" and so on.His poetic style is powerful, bold and unrestrained.His achievements are quite high, and he is called Xiao Du in the world, so he is different from Du Fu.

阮

[surname origin]

In the Shang Dynasty, there was a small kingdom of Ruan, which was located between Qishan and Weishui (now Jingchuan, Shanxi).It was later destroyed by King Wu of Zhou, and his descendants took the country's name Ruan as their surname.

【celebrity】

Ruan Yu, character Yu, was born in Chenliu, Wei of the Three Kingdoms (now Chenliu, Henan), a writer of Han and Wei Dynasties, and one of the seven sons of Jian'an.He is the author of "Working for Cao Gong and Sun Quan" and "Driving out of the Beiguo Gate". He once studied under Cai Yong, who called him a "wizard".

蓝

[surname origin]

The son of the state of Chu, Qin, was granted the title of Yu Lan, and he was called Lan Yin, and his descendants took Lan as their surname.In the Spring and Autumn Period, some descendants of the King of Qin were sealed in Lanyi, and their descendants had the surname Lan.

【celebrity】

Lan Yu, Chang Yuchun's wife and younger brother, was a general in the early Ming Dynasty.He is brave and good at fighting, and has made many achievements, so he was named the Duke of Liang. Later, he was arrogant due to his meritorious deeds, and he did many illegal actions. He was eventually punished by his family for the crime of treason, and was known as the Blue Prison in history.

Lan Ying, a native of Qiantang, Zhejiang, was a painter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.He is good at painting landscapes with elegant brush and ink.The style is old and vigorous, and he also works on figures, flowers and birds, orchids and bamboos. He is the founder of the Wulin painting school.

闵

[surname origin]

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu Guoqing's father successively killed Ban, the son of Duke Zhuang, and then the monarch Kai to usurp power. After arousing public outrage, he fled and committed suicide.Later, the people of Lu State took the posthumous title Min given by the king as their surname.

【celebrity】

Min Ziqian, whose name was damaged, was born in the state of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and one of the 72 sages who were disciples of Confucius.He lost his mother when he was young and was abused by his stepmother. In winter, he and his younger brother wore reed flowers in their underwear, while the two children born to his stepmother wore cotton padded clothes.After the father learned about it, he wanted to divorce the stepmother. He persuaded: "The mother is with one son, and the mother is with the fourth son." The stepmother was very ashamed and treated them as if they were her own sons.Because he obeys his parents and loves his brothers, he is listed as one of the 24 filial piety in Chinese history.

seat

[surname origin]

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the doctor of the State of Jin talked about his ancestors who managed the classics of the State of Jin from generation to generation, so they took Ji as their surname.During the Qin and Han Dynasties, in order to avoid the name taboo of Xiang Yu (name), the overlord of Chu, descendants of the surname changed their surname to Xi, which has a similar pronunciation.

【celebrity】

Xi Yu, courtesy name Jianhou, was born in Xiangyang (now Xiangyang, Hubei) in the Tang Dynasty.During the period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, all the officials were asked to write poems, and the poems written by Yu were the best, and they were called the crown of poets.

season

[surname origin]

Originated from the order of surnames, the order of seniority is Bo, Zhong, Uncle, and Ji.In the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji Ziyou, the youngest son of Duke Huan of Lu, was later named Jisun, and later simplified to Ji's surname.

【celebrity】

Ji Zha, nicknamed Yanling Jizi, or Jizi for short, was a native of Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of King Shoumeng of Wu.His father once wanted to make him king, but he resigned.Later, his elder brother Zhufan wanted to let him go, so he resigned.

Ji Xianlin, courtesy name Xibu, is a famous Chinese writer, linguist, educator, translator and essayist.He has successively served as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the vice president of Peking University, and the director of the South Asian Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

hemp

[surname origin]

During the Spring and Autumn Period, a doctor from the state of Chu collected food from Mayi, and later took the name of the town as his surname.The second originates from the Spring and Autumn Period after Ma Ying, a doctor in the State of Qi.

【celebrity】

Ma Qiu, a barbarian from Taiyuan in the later Zhao Dynasty, from the official position to General Zhengdong, has a violent and cruel temperament, and is known as Mahu.In ancient times, when a child cried, the mother would coax and scare her by saying, "Mahu is here!"The crying stopped.

Ma Jiuchou, a native of the Song Dynasty, was known as a child prodigy, diligent and studious, proficient in classics, especially in the Spring and Autumn Period.His articles are precise and vigorous, and his poems are exquisite and magnificent.He is the author of "Knowing a few essays".

Strong

[surname origin]

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a senior official in the state of Qi, Gongsun Qiang, who had a similar sound to Qiang, so his descendants took Qiang as their surname.

【celebrity】

Qiangzhi, a native of Qiantang, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), was a scholar of the Northern Song Dynasty.The text is simple but not popular. He used to be the minister of the temple department, and his family had five sons. They all became officials one after another.

Qiang Xingjian, a native of the Qing Dynasty, was born in poverty when he was young, studious and tireless, and later practiced medicine.Author of "Yin Lun", "Medical Cases", "Shanghan Zhizhi" and so on.

Jia

[surname origin]

Gongming, the youngest son of Tang Shuyu, was entrusted by King Kang of Zhou to the State of Jia, known as Jia Bo, and he was a small state vassalized by the State of Zhou.After being destroyed by the state of Jin, the descendants of Jia Bo Gongming took the original name of Jia as their surname.The second stems from the name of the city.After the state of Jin destroyed Jia, one of the descendants established a city called Jiayi.After that, the name of the town was used as the surname.

【celebrity】

Jia Yi, a political commentator, thinker, and essayist during the reign of Emperor Wen of the Western Han Dynasty.He is the author of "Guo Qin Lun", "On Accumulation and Storage", "Chen Zhengshi Shu", "Diao Qu Yuan Fu" and so on.As an official to Lianghuai Wang Taifu, he has repeatedly advocated Chen Zhi'an's way.

Road

[surname origin]

Xuanyuan, the son of Emperor Zhi, was enshrined in the middle road during Emperor Yao's time.In the Xia Dynasty, Lu Kingdom was established as a vassal state, and later descendants took the name of the country as Lu.The second comes from the Jiang surname.In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was Lu Ziguo, whose descendants took Lu as their surname.There is also Luhe, which was originally the name of the water, because it was thought of as a county, that is, Lu County, and those who lived there later took it as their surname.The third originates from the change of the Xianbei family's compound surname.In the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty, the surname Lu Zhen was restored, and after moving to Luoyang in the Central Plains, it was changed to the Lu surname.

【celebrity】

Lu Zhen, courtesy name Zifa, was born in Xiangtan in the Song Dynasty, and was a descendant of Gongaoyan in the State of Wei in the Tang Dynasty.Historian of the Northern Song Dynasty.During the Chunhua period, he was a Jinshi, and successively served as Dr. Taichang and Zuo Sijian.

Lu Shuyuan, who was selected into the harem of Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty because of her beauty, gave birth to Liu Jun (Emperor Xiaowu) and worshiped her as Shuyuan.After Song Xiaowu ascended the throne, he was honored as the empress dowager.Because Emperor Ming lost his biological mother when he was young, he was raised by her. After Emperor Ming ascended the throne, he respected her as Empress Dowager Chongxian.

娄

[surname origin]

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was the Lou State of Zhu (now Zou County, Shandong Province), and some descendants took Lou as their surname.The second stems from the name of the city.After King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he enfeoffed Duke Donglou in the State of Qi.During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Chu annexed the State of Qi, and the descendants of Duke Donglou lived in Louyi, so they took Lou as their surname.The third originates from the change of the Xianbei family's compound surname.In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the surnames of Pilou and Yinarou were restored in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After moving the capital to Luoyang with Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, they were changed to the surname of Lou.

【celebrity】

Lou Shide, courtesy name Zongren, was born in Yuanwu, Zhengzhou, Tang Dynasty (now Yuanyang, Henan).The two generations of ministers, Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian of Tang Dynasty, and the prime minister of Empress Wu, were in charge of the government affairs.He guarded the frontier fortress for 30 years, and his posthumous name was Zhen.

Critical

[surname origin]

There are three theories about the origin of the Wei surname: one is that the Wei surname came from the place where the Sanmiao people lived; A surname derived from the name of a place.

【celebrity】

Wei Quan satirizes, with admonition on the word, a native of Nancheng, Fuzhou, Jiangxi.Famous general at the end of Tang Dynasty, head of local separatist forces.

江

[surname origin]

Originated from the name of the country.After Zhou Dynasty General Bogai, he was granted the title of Jiang Kingdom.In the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jiang State was destroyed by the Chu State, and the descendants took the country's name Jiang as their surname.

【celebrity】

Mr. Jiang, courtesy name Chi, was born in Kaocheng (now Lankao, Henan) during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.Appreciated by Emperor Wu of Liang at the beginning, he was promoted to Taichangqing, and later entered the Southern Dynasty Chen State as a servant of She Shangshu Ling, known as Jiang Ling in the world.When Empress Chen was in charge, she was deeply favored, and the monarch and his ministers ignored the government and had banquets day and night, until the country perished.

Jiang Yan, courtesy name Wentong, was a famous statesman and writer in the Southern Dynasties, and a native of Kaocheng, Jiyang, Songzhou.He has been an official in the Southern Dynasties of Song, Qi and Liang dynasties.Jiang Yan was lonely and eager to learn when he was young, and he was able to write poems at the age of six. Jiang Yan's outstanding literary achievements are reflected in his Fu. He is a master of Fu in the Southern Dynasties. He is also known as Bao Zhao.

童

[surname origin]

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a great official named Xu Tong in the state of Jin, and his descendants took Tong as their surname.There are also myths and legends that Laotong, the son of Zhuanxu in ancient times, later had the surname Tong.

【celebrity】

Tong Guan, courtesy name Daofu, was born in Kaifeng (now Kaifeng, Henan).The eunuch of the Northern Song Dynasty, skilled in flattery and eloquence, colluded with Cai Jing. At that time, he called Cai Jing "Prince Gong" and "Prince Ladies" and was one of the "Six Thieves".Later, he fled south with Huizong, and Qinzong was executed when he came to the throne.

Yan

[surname origin]

The descendant of Zhuanxu, Duke Wu of Zhuan, was named Yifu, styled Boyan, known as Duke Yan, and his descendants took Yan as their surname.The descendants of Zhou Gongdan were enfeoffed in Yanyi, and their descendants took Yan as their surname.

【celebrity】

Yan Hui, a sage in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, was the most virtuous of Confucius' disciples. He died untimely at the age of 32, and later generations are called Fusheng.

Yan Zhenqing, a minister and calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty.During the Kaiyuan period, he was a Jinshi and tired of officials to supervise the censor.Good Zheng, cursive script, calm and forceful, is treasured by the world, known as Yan style.The Palace Museum has the ink marks of his "Zhushan Lianju" and is the author of "Yan Lugong Collection".

Guo

[surname origin]

Guo refers to the guard wall outside the ancient capital, and people who lived in the city, Guo, garden, and pool in ancient times took this as their surname.The second stems from taking the name of the country as the surname. Uncle Guo, the younger brother of King Wen of Zhou, was enfeoffed in Guo State.It is also said that Uncle Guo, the younger brother of King Wen of Zhou, was granted the title of Xiguo (the east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province), and Guozhong was granted the title of Dongguo (now Mengyang County, Henan Province).Dongguo was later destroyed by Zheng.Xiguo State, also known as Cheng State, was later annexed by Qin State.His descendants in several places all take Guo as their surname.

【celebrity】

Guo Jie, courtesy name Wengbo, was born in Zhi (now Jiyuan, Henan) in the Han Dynasty.Living a frugal life, being willing to help others, giving generously but not expecting much, and always repaying good for bad, has won people's praise.

Guo Ziyi, a famous general in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Huazhou (now Huaxian, Shaanxi).A famous military strategist in the Tang Dynasty.During the Southern Expedition and the Northern War, he repeatedly made outstanding achievements.In the chaos of Ping'an history, he formed an alliance with Huihe, conquered Tubo, and was given the posthumous title of Zhongwu.

Mei Shenglin Diao Zhong Xu Qiu Luo Gao Xia Cai Tian Fan Hu Linghuo
plum

[surname origin]

The younger brother of Taiding, the king of Shang, was enfeoffed in Mei, known as Meibo in the world, and was later destroyed by King Zhou of Yin.After King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he named Mei Bo's descendants in Huangmei, and his descendants took Mei as their surname.

【celebrity】

Mei Lanfang, whose name is Lan and style name Wanhua, was born in Taixing, Jiangsu, a master of Peking Opera, known as the "Mei School" in the world.Representative repertoires include "The Drunken Concubine" and "Farewell My Concubine";He was awarded a Doctor of Letters by Pomona College in Los Angeles and the University of Southern California.The descendants of the Mei school include Li Shifang, Zhang Junqiu, Yan Huizhu, Du Jinfang, Mei Baojiu and so on.

Sheng

[surname origin]

The surname Sheng (shèng) has three origins: one comes from the surname Ji. After Zhou destroyed the Shang, many countries with the same surname were entrusted, and the Kingdom of Yi was one of them.After the fall of the state of Yi, the surname was named after the country, and the surname was Sheng.The second is from the ancestor's name, which was changed by the surname (shì sound).In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was a famous official Zhao Gongshi, and a branch of his descendants took his name and surname.By the time of Emperor Yuan of the Western Han Dynasty, because Emperor Yuan's name was Liu Shi, the common people had to avoid taboos, and people with the surname of Shi were changed to the surname of Sheng.Three people from ethnic minorities changed their surnames.Those who were surnamed Sheng Jia in the Eight Banners of Manzhou in the Qing Dynasty changed their Han surname to Sheng.

【celebrity】

Sheng Xuanhuai, an official in the late Qing Dynasty, a scholar, a government-run businessman, a comprador, a representative of the Westernization Movement, a famous politician, entrepreneur and philanthropist, is known as the "Father of Chinese Industry" and "Father of Chinese Business".

Forest

[surname origin]

Bigan, the Grand Master of the Yin and Shang Dynasty, died because of admonishment, and his son Jian fled to Changlin.After Shang Zhou was destroyed by King Wu of Zhou, Jian was given the surname Lin.The second originated from Lin Kai, the concubine of King Ping of Zhou, who later took Lin as his surname.

【celebrity】

Lin Zexu, courtesy name Yuanfu, Shaomu, later known as the old man of Qicun, the old man of 72 peaks, the Sanren of Lishe, etc.A politician and thinker after the Qing Dynasty.Official to the first grade, he served as governor of Jiangsu and governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and was appointed as imperial envoy twice.He is a national hero who resisted foreign powers in the history of the Chinese nation, and his main achievement was the sale of cigarettes in Humen.

刁

[surname origin]

During the time of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, there was Diao Kingdom, and most of the people who lived in it had the Diao family name, and the later bamboo slips used the homonym Diao as their surname.The second stems from taking technology as the surname.After the examination of Gongdiaoren, it was later changed to Diao's surname.The third stems from the name of the person.After Tong Diao, Doctor Qi, there was Diao in the Warring States Period, and Diao Jian in Han Dynasty.The fourth originates from the Spring and Autumn Period after the doctor of Qi State Shu Diao.Together with Guan Zhong, Shu Diao assisted Duke Huan of Qi to establish his hegemony.His descendants took their ancestors' names as their surnames and became Diao's surname.Five stems from changing the surname.In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a Diao Bo in Qi State, and then there was a Diao surname.In ancient times, Diao, Diao, and Diao had the same pronunciation and different characters, but they were all changed to Diao's surname later.

【celebrity】

Diao Daigao, a calligrapher and poet in the Qing Dynasty.He is the author of "Yueshan Poetry Draft" and so on.

bell

[surname origin]

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Huan of the Song Dynasty, his great-grandson Bozong was an official in the Jin State, and his food was collected in Zhongli (now Fengyang, Anhui), and his descendants had the Zhong family and the Zhongli family.The second is from the modification of Zhongli's family.Zhong Limei of Xiang Yu's tribe lived in Yingchuan Changshe (now Changge, Henan), and later changed his surname to Zhong.

【celebrity】

Zhong Yao, character Chang, was born in Yingchuan Changshe (now Changge, Henan).A famous calligrapher and statesman during the Three Kingdoms period.He was good at calligraphy when he was an official, and he was called Sangong together with famous scholars Hua Xin and Wang Lang at that time.

Xu

[surname origin]

Boyi's son Ruomu, whose descendant King Xu Yan attacked Zhou, was defeated by King Mu of Zhou.Later, Prince Xu Yan was granted the title of Xu Zi.In the Spring and Autumn Period, after the state of Xu was destroyed by Wu, the descendants of the state of Xu took the original state name Xu as their surname.Second, it originated from the change of the Manchu surname Shu Mulu in the Qing Dynasty, such as Xu Yuanmeng from Zhengbai Banner in Manchuria.

【celebrity】

Xu Da, courtesy name Tiande.Born in Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui), one of the founding fathers of the Ming Dynasty.At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he participated in the peasant uprising army. Because of his wisdom and courage, good at strategy, and good command of the army, he made many military exploits and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty.After his death, he was granted the title of king of Zhongshan.

邱

[surname origin]

It originated from Yiqiu as Qiugai.In order to avoid the name taboo of Confucius (named Qiu), descendants of the Qiu surname rewritten the side of Qiujiayi (阝) into Qiu characters.The second stems from the name of the place.Jiang Taigong was granted the title of Qi State, established his capital in Yingqiu (now Linzi, Shandong), and later took Qiu as his surname.The third originates from the Qiu family of the Wuhuan tribe in Biezhi, Donghu in the Eastern Han Dynasty.The fourth originates from the restoration of the surname Qiu Dun of the Xianbei people in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and then changed to the surname Qiu after moving south to the Central Plains and settling in Luoyang with Emperor Wei Xiaowen.

【celebrity】

Qiu Xinggong, born in Luoyang, was a famous general in the Tang Dynasty.Good at riding and shooting.The official went to the governor of Hebei and Shaanxi.

Qiu Chuji, self-named Changchunzi, is the head teacher of Quanzhen Taoism, and one of the Northern Seven Truths of Quanzhen Taoism.Taoist, health care home.He is the author of "Da Dan Zhi Zhi", "Ming Dao Ji" and so on.

骆

[surname origin]

The Luo surname comes from many sources.One is the descendant of Boyi, and the surname Luo is derived from the surnames Ying and Yao. "Historical Records" records that during the period of King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty, there was a minister Ying Elai, whose great-great-grandson was named Ying Daluo, and Yingcheng, the eldest son of Ying Daluo, established the Daluo Kingdom.Later Daluo nationals took the country as their surname.The second is derived from the surname Jiang, which comes from Luo, the descendant of Jiang Taigong in Qi State, and belongs to the family name of the ancestor.The third is derived from the surname Ji, after Wang Sunluo, a doctor of the State of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period, and belongs to the name of the ancestor.

【celebrity】

King Luo Bin, born in Yiwu, Wuzhou (now part of Zhejiang), was a writer in the Tang Dynasty.Gaozong was an official to serve as a censor.He was sent to prison for some reason, and after his release, he served as Linhai Cheng.As one of the Four Masters of the early Tang Dynasty, there is "The Complete Works of Luo Linhai".

high

[surname origin]

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of Duke Wen of Qi, Lv Chi, was enfeoffed in Gaoyi (now Yuxian County, Henan Province), and he was known as Gongzi Gao.His grandson, Xi, later took the surname of the town where his ancestor was entrusted, and was called Gao Xi, so he later had the surname Gao.The second originates from the son of Duke Hui of Qi, Lu Yuan, the son of Qi, with the style name Zigao. Later, some grandchildren took the surname of the king's father with the style name Gao.The third stems from changing the surname.Yuan Jing'an, a member of the Xianbei tribe, was given the surname Gao by Gao Yang, Emperor Wenxuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty, for his meritorious service.There was also Murong Yun, the emperor of Later Yan, who was originally from the Xianbei clan. He claimed to be a descendant of the Gaoyang clan, and later changed his name to Gao Yun.

【celebrity】

Gao Yang, courtesy name Zijin, was named Jinyang Le.The first emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, known as Emperor Wenxuan of Qi in history.

Summer:

[surname origin]

After King Wu of Zhou established his dynasty, he enfeoffed Xia Yu's descendants Donglou Duke Yuqi, and established the State of Qi. Others who did not get fiefdoms later took the original country's name Xia as their surname.The second comes from the simplification of Xiahou.The third stems from taking father as the surname.During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chen Xuangong's son, Shaoxi, was named Zixia.Subsequent descendants took their father's character Xia as their surname.

【celebrity】

Xia Song, courtesy name Ziqiao, was born in De'an (now De'an, Jiangxi) in the Song Dynasty.Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, ancient philologist and writer.From the official to the political affairs, he was granted the title of British Duke.He is the author of "Ce Lun", "Jian Zuo", "Four Tone Rhymes in Ancient Prose" and "Sound Rhyme Map".

Xia Gui, an outstanding painter in the Southern Song Dynasty.The painting style is free and easy, combining the painting methods of Li Tang, Fan Kuan and Mi Fu, and is called "Ma Xia" together with Ma Yuan.Also, the composition is usually half or one corner of the scene, which was called "Xia Banbian" at that time.

(End of this chapter)