Fall in love with school, no longer tire of learning

Chapter 20 School Education Guidance (1)
The front-line teachers must be facing such a thing every day-how can we drive away the students' weariness?Or, how do you cultivate students' interest in learning?
Most parents and teachers think that students who are tired of learning have bad conduct and have a bad attitude towards learning. In fact, they are expressing their dissatisfaction with learning by making troubles and other forms.To treat such students, simply punishing their misbehavior can only achieve short-term results. Only by taking appropriate measures to improve their learning attitudes can their misconduct be fundamentally changed.

Tradition of teaching students according to their aptitude

Confucius and students in accordance with their aptitude means that teachers should start from the actual situation and individual differences of students, and carry out targeted and differentiated learning, so that each student can develop their strengths and avoid weaknesses, and achieve the best development; it is under the common training goal. Educated people make different demands.The common denominator of the educated is the age characteristic.Age characteristics refer to physical, physiological and neurological characteristics and characteristics of psychological development; the latter includes psychological processes and psychological characteristics.Stable psychological characteristics are the psychological characteristics of individuality and also the place of individual differences.Therefore, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is also teaching students according to their personality and psychological characteristics.In this sense, material is the personality in the characteristics of age.

Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude has existed since ancient times.Once, after Confucius finished his lecture, he returned to his study, and his student Gong Xihua brought him a glass of water.At this time, Zilu hurried in and asked the teacher loudly: "Sir, if I hear a correct idea, can I act immediately?" Confucius glanced at Zilu and said slowly: "Always ask your father and his father. Brother, how can you do what you hear?” As soon as Zilu left, another student, Ran You, quietly walked up to Confucius and asked respectfully, “Sir, if I hear a correct idea, should I do it immediately?” Confucius Immediately answered: "Yes, it should be implemented immediately." After Ran You left, Gong Xihua asked strangely: "Sir, why did you answer the same question in the opposite direction?" He was hesitant, so I encouraged him to be decisive. But Zilu was aggressive and incompetent, so I advised him to listen to other people's opinions and think twice."

Exploration of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude

Research on teaching students according to their aptitude has a long history.Its content generally focuses on two aspects.

(1) The method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.The main thing is to find a variety of dynamic and practical methods to educate students with different personal characteristics; without exaggerating their differences or ignoring their common educational needs.The unanimous opinion is to allow students to have a flexible choice among the four variable factors such as goals, methods, materials, and the degree and time limit for achieving goals.The approaches that have been put forward are: student body, individualized learning, open classroom, program learning, inspiration, inquiry learning, and communicative language practice.But apart from the unanimously accepted principle of the student body as an educational principle, various other approaches are controversial due to their limitations.

The usual methods of teaching students according to their aptitude are: classifying according to ability; skipping grades; acknowledging the results of self-study; promoting and repeating grades; lectures or double-entry learning regardless of grades; automatic learning; minimum requirements and unlimited development; systematic teaching plans according to aptitude; teacher-student contracts; collective learning ; Small teacher system.

(2) Causes of individual differences in learning.Usually tend to think that this reason is not congenital, but acquired, can be avoided.After more than 10 years of research, British scholar BS Bloom and his assistants believe that individual differences in students' learning are artificial and accidental.With the right learning conditions, what one student can learn, other students can learn.There are three main human reasons: ①Parents, teachers, and schools judge students as "poor", not based on their studies and the students' past learning conditions and foundations, so they are often subjective.But this kind of judgment makes students believe blindly, thus losing confidence. ②The class is too big. ③ The three major elements of learning are not considered-the basic knowledge and skills that students need to engage in learning, students' motivation, and the suitability of learning for students.

Generally speaking, individual differences are mainly formed in social practice.Because the specific living environment and path experienced by each person are different, individual differences exist.In the case of large class learning, individual differences are one of the important reasons for polarization, which mainly plays a role in inhibiting learning.However, this inhibition can be overcome.In middle school learning, some teachers have worked hard on emotional factors and educational aspects, and achieved positive results.

Ideological education and psychological training

The root cause of primary and middle school students' "weariness" is that they do not have their own goals in life, and they are not very clear about what they come here to learn, how to learn, and what is the use of learning.

Therefore, the ideological education of teachers must closely focus on this central point, and according to the psychological quality of students of different ages, the education of world outlook and outlook on life should be carried out in a targeted manner.

As for the students' weariness, it is because the students are stimulated by the learning situation, such as entering the school or the classroom. With these negative emotions, students who are tired of learning will react reluctantly or avoid learning.In this regard, the following comments can be referred to:
(1) Give many times of difficult tests, so as to reduce the sensitivity to the emotion of being tired of learning, let students experience some difficulties and tests in their own lives, and try to make themselves overcome difficulties. This kind of psychological feeling of overcoming difficulties will have It helps to help students improve their confidence and courage to overcome learning difficulties.

(2) Cultivate students' understanding and strategies to deal with negative emotions.When negative emotions arise, don't let them spread passively and let yourself feel unhappiness and pain, but take necessary measures, such as taking deep breaths.

(3) Carry out imagination training to help students establish positive emotional experiences.Ask students to imagine the picture of themselves learning in a relaxed mood, the clearer the better, if they feel bored, adjust it in time, imagine the sense of fulfillment and accomplishment of successfully completing the homework, imagine facing various heavy and difficult learning tasks easily, experience That lighthearted feeling.

School Appropriate Adjustment

Students usually study at school, and their weariness and behavior are mainly manifested in school.In order to correct and overcome students' "tired of learning" emotions, we must first start with the school itself and make some adjustments and changes as follows.

(1) The curriculum of the school should be properly modified to meet the needs of the society.Each semester can appropriately increase the class hours of professional courses to give students more hands-on time.Let students find problems in practice, then go to theoretical class to learn knowledge, and then use theory to solve problems.Developing some skills is also a good way to overcome students' "weariness" emotion.The characteristic of students is that they love to move. On the basis of theoretical courses, some more experiments should be appropriately added, and more hands-on activities will increase their interest in learning and exercise their operational skills. Only in this way can their self-confidence be restored, and their grades will naturally improve.

(2) Teachers should cultivate modern management concepts, take the initiative to care for and educate students, discover learning problems and obstacles in students in a timely manner, and deal with them in a timely manner.In addition, we must establish the correct concept of "every student is smart and talented", don't divide students into grades, and encourage students to be full of self-confidence.

(3) Create a harmonious learning environment, a warm and comfortable learning environment, so that every student can devote himself to learning with a happy mood and stimulate learning interest.Appropriately create a scientific modern environment, which can enhance students' curiosity and quickly burst out the desire to seek knowledge and explore.Actively improve the teaching and living facilities of the school to meet the learning and living needs of students as much as possible.

The teacher is the leader of learning. Only when the teacher resonates with the students can the teaching proceed smoothly.Teachers should update their educational concepts, actively adopt coping strategies, and explore new methods and new ways, such as organizing students to go out of the classroom, out of the lecture hall, into the society, understand the role of knowledge in social practice, and realize the importance of learning. Make students change from "tired of learning" to "willing to learn", and become people who want to learn, love learning and know how to learn.

Of course, we cannot tolerate bad elements in the class, and give appropriate punishment to those students who seriously disturb the teaching order. Through joint management, even naughty students will feel motivated and pressured, so as to rise to the stage of conscious learning.

(4) Expand and explore the space for students to become talents, so that students can establish a sense of accomplishment in many aspects.Students have different cultural foundations and personal accomplishments. Differences in personality determine differences in acquired development. Even after students work, academic performance is not the only criterion for determining their achievements.If teachers can pay attention to observation and carefully prepare plans, they will be able to actively take measures to develop students' potential.By carrying out a rich second class, fully displaying their demeanor, and giving him the opportunity to discover his own value, students can be promoted to the best, cultivate a positive awareness, and build their confidence.Schools must also create conditions to organize students to go to the society, learn to endure hardships in practice, and learn to study hard, so that they can realize their own shortcomings and the importance of knowledge in the process of adapting to society, and strengthen their thirst for knowledge.

A few notes on dealing with boredom
(1) Different students have different reasons for being tired of learning. Teachers should find out these reasons and adopt different methods for different students.

(2) Teachers should give students full affirmation and constantly discover the shining points of students.

(3) It is impossible to change students' weariness of learning overnight, and teachers must be ready for a protracted war at any time.To change the weariness of studying, we must also start from the point, and use the point to show the surface.

(4) Teachers should pay close attention to the behavior changes of students, and once there is a feeling of weariness, they must carefully find the root cause and prescribe the right medicine.

"At the beginning of human beings, nature is good." Every student has his own specialties and necessary plasticity. As long as our teachers carefully cultivate them, they can all become excellent talents.

Build a good teacher-student relationship

Establishing a good teacher-student relationship is a prerequisite for the smooth development of teaching activities, a basic requirement to mobilize students' interest in learning, and a bridge and lubricant for teachers to impart knowledge.

Therefore, teachers must be good at using their love to influence students, often care about and encourage students, pour love into students, and establish an equal and harmonious cooperative relationship with students.

For students who are tired of learning, they are sensitive, depressed and rebellious. Teachers should especially respect their personality and "motivate them with emotion". They should give more praise and encouragement instead of cynicism.The teacher's patient and meticulous educating spirit will have a subtle effect, making them feel good, respect, love and trust towards the teacher from the heart, and will build a lasting emotional bridge between teachers and students.This kind of harmonious teacher-student relationship can ignite the enthusiasm of students who are tired of learning and stimulate their desire to learn.

1. Be calm and do your best to eliminate students' misunderstanding of teachers. Practice has proved that using friendly language to carry out class management work can eliminate students' psychological alertness to teachers in a relatively short period of time.For example, when assigning work tasks or summarizing the situation, use the No. 1 term of "we, our class", and students will feel that the teacher is on the same front as them; when explaining the reasons and purposes of the activity, say "based on, consider" , students feel very safe, not as nervous and full of "gunpowder smell" as they hear "targeting" someone and something; when the teacher calls the student, he only calls him by his name, and he will feel that the teacher and himself are "equal"; Say "please, can you" before asking students for help, and say "thank you, hard work" after finishing the work, the students will feel very cordial.

In the process of class management, the teacher's thoughts, behaviors, style and quality infect and affect the students all the time.Therefore, it is a prerequisite for teachers to do their jobs well.Practice has proved that in the usual work, if the teacher can always regard himself as an ordinary member of the class and strictly abide by the class rules and disciplines, he will have a strong persuasive and appeal to the students.The psychological defense line of students against teachers will also slowly disappear.At the beginning of the new semester, we moved to Mingzhi Building for study, and there was no desk or chair in the classroom.So I sent the students to move. After they went, no one wanted to move. Seeing this situation, I first moved the first table. When the students saw this situation, they started to do it enthusiastically. Get up, and we'll have enough to move in a while.This is what it does.

2. Use weekly diary summaries to conduct dialogues to promote tacit understanding between teachers and students. According to the different nature of the problem, it is a working method that answers it through written talks, interviews or discussions, theme class meetings, etc.The process of the teacher managing the class is essentially a two-way process of emotional communication between the teacher and the students.Practice has proved that "weekly diary dialogue" is the most convenient for teachers and students to communicate heart-to-heart, and it is a good way for emotional communication between teachers and students.

Facts have proved that as long as teachers can persevere in "weekly dialogue" with students, they can achieve good results in making students "close to their teachers, believe in their teachings, and imitate their actions".

3. Carry out role transposition thinking to deepen mutual understanding. The gap between teachers and students stems from their different roles, which lead to different ways of seeing people and dealing with things, which brings necessary difficulties to the development of class management.For this reason, as a teacher, on the one hand, when carrying out class management, one must always think about what would I think if I were a student?how to do?Put yourself in the position of students to understand, experience and think, and go deep into the students to understand their psychological activities.On the other hand, students should always be guided to think, if you are a teacher, how should you treat and solve the people and things in the class?This will not only help to improve students' ability to analyze and deal with problems, but also help to deepen the understanding between teachers and students and enhance the relationship between teachers and students.

4. Pay attention to improving the skills of criticism, so that the hearts of students and teachers are closer, and the connection is tighter. Criticism is an indispensable part of class management work.The difficulty of criticism lies not in the harshness of the content, but in the ingenuity of the form.In order to achieve the goal of educating students well without hurting the relationship between teachers and students, we should pay attention to the skills of criticism.

(1) Criticize students with a smile.Criticism is necessary, and a smile tells the student that the teacher has not isolated him or abandoned him. "Laughter is the lock to open the door of the heart. It is a kind of heart-to-heart communication, eye-to-eye touch." When students do not abide by classroom discipline, the teacher smiles and shakes his head. He understands and is ashamed of his behavior; When a student makes a mistake, the teacher smiles to understand what happened, explains the truth to him, and discusses with him how to deal with the problem. The smile at this time can give the student a kind of sincere concern, and the student will correct his mistakes.

(2) Criticize in private and reduce public criticism.Students have strong self-esteem.They regard teachers' affirmation as a kind of spiritual need, a kind of motivation to make progress, and a kind of face-saving thing.We should strive to meet the psychological needs of students.

The specific methods are as follows: ① Quietly criticize and educate students by passing small notes to students, conducting weekly dialogues and other written forms.Under normal circumstances, students should not be invited out of the classroom to be reprimanded in crowded places, let alone invited to the office of the school leader. ②Try to avoid complaining about the shortcomings of students in front of parents.Facing the parents of students, we should first fully affirm the advantages of the students, then gently bring out the shortcomings of the students, and then discuss the educational plan with the parents.This does not hurt the face of the parents, but also mobilizes the enthusiasm of the parents for education. More importantly, the students think that the teacher is a good friend, and they are willing to follow the teacher's teachings.

(End of this chapter)